@Editorial
<#LINE#>Super-Molecules: An Emerging Chemistry in Recent Science<#LINE#>Mandalia Hiren C. <#LINE#>1<#LINE#>From_the_Editors_Desk.pdf<#LINE#>
@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Trace Metals Contamination of Surface Water Samples in and Around Akot City in Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>Haribhau@MurhekarGopalkrushna<#LINE#>5-9<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJRS-2012-088 Done.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Dr. R.G. Rathod Arts and Science College, Murtizapur, Dist.- Akola-444107, MS, INDIA <#LINE#>24/2/2012<#LINE#>1/3/2012<#LINE#>  The Trace metals contamination of water samples from various samples surface water in and around Akot city was assess. The sampling points were selected on the basis of their importance.  The heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn were analyzed in surface water samples of rivers lake and field water pond. The results were compared with standards prescribed by WHO and ISI. It was found that the surface water was contaminated. Some sampling sites showed trace elements contamination above the water quality standards and the quality of water is very bad and it is unfit for drinking purpose.  <#LINE#> @ @ Basavaraja Simpi, Hiremath S.M. and KNS Murthy, Analysis of Water Quality Using Physico-Chemical Parameters Hosahalli Tank in Shimoga District, Karnataka, India, Global Journal ofScience Frontier Research, 11(3), (2011) @No $ @ @ Julie Ranee S. and Vasantha S., Physicochemical analysis of bore well water samples of anaiyur area in Madurai district, Tamilnadu, India, J. Curr. Sci., 15(2), 403 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gupta V., Agarwal J. and Sharma M., Adsorption Analysis of Mn (VII) from Aqueous Medium by Natural Polymer Chitin and Chitosan, Asian J. of Chem., 20(8),6195-98 (2008) @No $ @ @ Tahir M.A.,  Rasheed H. and Malana A., Method development for arsenic analysis by modification in spectrophotometric technique rink Water,  Eng. Sci. Discuss,(1), 135-154 (2008) @No $ @ @ Raja R.E., Lydia Sharmila, Princy Merlin and Chritopher G., Physico-Chemical Analysis of Some Groundwater Samples of Kotputli Town Jaipur, Rajasthan, Indian J Environ Prot., 22(2), 137 (2002) @No $ @ @ Patil P.R., Badgujar S.R. and Warke A.M., Evaluation of Ground Water Quality In Ganesh Colony Area of Jalgaon City,Oriental J. Chem.,17(2), 283(2001) @No $ @ @ Petrus R. and Warchol J.K., Heavy metal removal by clinoptilolite, An equilibrium study in multi-component systems, Water Res., 39, 819-830 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lokeshwari H. and Chandrappa G.T., Impact of heavy metal contamination of Bellandur Lake on soil and cultivated vegetation, Curr Sci., 91(5), 584 (2006) @No $ @ @ Sanchez L.R.B., de la Riva B.S.V., Fernandez J.M.C., Pereiro R., and  Medel A.S., Determination of lead and mercury in sea water by preconcentration in a flow injection system followed by atomic absorption spectrometry detection, Talanta, 55, 1071(2001) @No $ @ @ Ghaedi M., Fathi M.R., Marahel S.E., Ahmadi F., Simultaneous Preconcentration and Determination of Copper, Nickel, Cobalt and Lead Ions Content by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Fresenius Environ. Bull. 14, 1158 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gupta V.K., Jain C.K.,  Ali I., Sharma M., Saini V.K., Removal of cadmium and nickel from wastewater using bagasse fly ash—a sugar industry waste, Water Res., 374038 (2003) @No $ @ @  Massod Alam, Sumbul Rais and Mohd Aslam S., Hydro-chemical Survey of Groundwater of Delhi, India, E-Jour. of Chem.6(2), 429-436 (2009) @No $ @ @Arvnabh Mishra Comparative Study of Physico-Chemical and Microbial Parameters on Lotic and Ground-Waters in Selected Outlying Areas of Central Gujarat, Chem. Pharm. Res., 2(4),174-177(2010) @No $ @ @ Elizabeth K.M.  and Premnath Naik L., Effect of polluted water on human health, Poll. res., 24(2), 337-340 (2005) @No $ @ @ Vijender Singh, Physico-chemical Examination of water, Sewage and Industrial effluents, Res. J. chem and ENV10(3), 62-66 (2006) @No $ @ @ Arunabh Mishra and Vasishta Bhatt, Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Under Ground Water in V.V. Nagar and Nearby Places of Anand District, Gujarat, India, E-.J. Chem., 5(3), 487-492 (2008) @No $ @ @ Gupta V.K., Mohan D., Sharma S., Removal of lead from wastewater using bagasse fly ash-a sugar industry waste material, Sep Sci Technol.,33, 1331–43 (1998) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization, Guidelines for drinking water quality-I, Recommendations, 2nd Ed. Geneva WHO, (1993) @No $ @ @ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 20th Ed., APHA, AWWA, WEF. Washington DC, (1998) @No $ @ @ American Public Health Association: Standard Methods for the examination of water and waste water, 17th Ed., Washington, DC (1989) @No $ @ @ Manivaskam N., Physicochemical examination of water sewage and industrial effluent, th Ed. Pragati Prakashan Meerut, (2005) @No $ @ @ Trivedy R.K. and Goel P.K., Chemical and Biological methods for water pollution studies, Environmental Publication, Karad (1986) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of Polyherbal Aqueous Extracts (Moringa oleifera, Gum arabic and wild Ganoderma lucidum) in Comparison with Antibiotic on Growth Performance and Haematological Parameters of Broiler Chickens<#LINE#>A.O.@Ogbe,Affiku@JohnP.<#LINE#>10-18<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJRS-2012-110 Done.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, NIGERIA<#LINE#>6/3/2012<#LINE#>10/3/2012<#LINE#>  The search for safe and natural alternative to reduce over-dependence on the use of antibiotic (growth promoters) has led to the evaluation of the effects of polyherbal aqueous extracts from Moringa oleifera, Gum Arabic and wild Ganoderma lucidum on growth performance and haematological parameters of broiler chickens. Eighty (80) day-old Arbor acre broilers were procured from a commercial hatchery and brooded together at the first one week of age on deep litter to acclimatize. At 2 weeks, the chicks were randomly distributed into five groups (8 chicks, each) in duplicate, labeled A-E. All the chicks in all the groups were fed with broiler starter diet containing 22% CP and 2800 Kcal/kg ME from 1 to 4 weeks of age, and broiler finisher containing 20% CP and 2649 Kcal/kg ME was given from 5-8 weeks. Moringa oleifera leaves, Gum Arabic and wild Ganoderma lucidum were collected in Nasarawa and Plateau state for proximate study, mineral and phytochemical analysis. Hot water aqueous extraction (5%, 10% and 20% w/v, each) was carried out and polyherbal mixtures were prepared at equal volume (1:1%w/v ) for oral administration at 2, 4 and 6 weeks, respectively: group A (Moringa + Gum Arabic + wild Ganoderma), B (Moringa + wild Ganoderma), C (Gum Arabic + wild Ganoderma), D (Moringa + Gum Arabic) and E (antibiotic, tetracine). Blood was also taken from each group for haematological analysis. The results of proximate study revealed the presence of appreciable amount of crude protein (17.01%) in Moringa leaves, Gum Arabic (15.38%) and wild Ganodema lucidum (16.79%). They also contained appreciable amounts of carbohydrates, crude fibre and fatty acids. The ash content revealed the presence of minerals: K, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, P, Mg and Cu. The results of phytochemical analysis and anti-nutrients showed the presence of tannins, phytates, oxalate, saponins, trypsin inhibitors and hydrogen cyanide, with Moringa oleifera leaves having higher levels of the anti-nutrients (tannins). Broilers in group E (7.18kg), D (7.18kg) and B (7.03kg) had higher feed intake. Feed intake and mean weight were significantly different (P0.05) at 10 and 20% w/v concentration of extract. The cost of feed consumed did not differ significantly (P&#x-1.0;ȃ0.05). Group E (1.85kg), D (1.75kg) and B (1.73kg) had higher mean weights (gained 1.75kg, 1.65kg and 1.63kg, respectively). Group A had higher feed to gain ratio (4.6), thus low feed conversion efficiency. Carcass and organ weights in all the groups were not significantly affected (P&#x-1.0;ȃ0.05). Haematological parameters (PCV, Hb, RBC and WBC) were all within the normal range values in all the groups. It was concluded that polyherbal aqueous extracts from Moringa oleifera, Gum Arabic and wild Ganoderma lucidum had no adverse effect on the carcass and organs of broilers.<#LINE#> @ @ Soetan K.O. and Oyewole O.E., The need for adequate processing to reduce the anti-nutritional factors in animal feeds- A review, African Journal of Food Science, 3(9),223-232 (2009) @No $ @ @ Gafar M.K. and Itodo A.U., Proximate and mineral composition of hairy indigo leaves, Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and FoodChemistry, 10(3),2007-2018 (2011) @No $ @ @ Guo F.C., Sacelkoul H.F.J., Kwakkel R.P., Williams B.A. and Verstegen M.W.A. Immunoactive, medicinal properties of mushroom and herb polysaccarides and their potential use in chicken diets, In World’s Poultry Science Journal, (59), 427-440 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ogbe A.O., Mgbojikwe L.O., Owoade A.A., Atawodi S.E. and Abdu P.A. The effect of a wild mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) supplementation of feed on the immune response of pullet chickens to infectious bursal disease vaccine, Electronic J. Environ. Agric. and Food Chem. (EJEAFChe),(7), 2844-2855 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ogbe, A.O., Ditse, U., Echeonwu, I., Ajodoh, K., Atawodi, S.E. and Abdu, P.A. Potential of a wild mushroom, Ganoderma sp., as feed supplement in chicken diet: Effect on performance and health of pullets, Int. J. Poultry Sc, 8(11),1052-1057 (2009a) @No $ @ @ Ogbe A.O., Atawodi S.E., Abdu P.A., Sannusi A. and Itodo A.E., Changes in weight, faecal oocyst count and packed cell volume of Eimeria tenella-infected broilers treated with a wild mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) aqueous extract, InJournal of South African Veterinary Association, (80), 97-102 (2009b) @No $ @ @ Ogbe A.O., Efenu P., Nicholas U., Pam A., Abarshi A., Banyigyi S. and Odugbo M., Response to treatment of skin ailments in Animal Patients using aqueous Ganoderma extract, EJEAFChe,10(1), 1816-1820 (2011) @No $ @ @ Makkar H.P.S. and Becker K. Nutritional value and an nutritional components of whole and extracted Moringa oleifera leaves, InAnimal Feed Science and Technology, (63), 211-228 (1996) @No $ @ @ Olugbemi T.S., Mutayoba S.K. and Lekule F.P. Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Inclusion in Cassava based diets to broiler chickens, InInternational Journal of Poultry Science, 9(4), 363-367 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jayavardhanan K.K., Suresh K., Panikkar K.R. and Vasudevan D.M. Modular potency of drumstick lectin on host defense system, InJournal of Experimental Clinical Cancer Research, (13), 205-209 (1994) @No $ @ @ Makkar H.P.S. and Becker K., Nutrients and anti-quality factor in different morphological part of Moringa oleifera tree, Journal of Agric. Sc.,(128), 211-322 (1997) @No $ @ @ Dahort U.M. Anti-microbial activity of small protein of Moringa oleifera leaves, Journal of Islamic Acad. Science,11(1), 27-32 (1998) @No $ @ @ Roony M.L. Introduction to Active food packaging technology, In: Han J.H., editor, Innovations in food packaging, San Diego, Calif: Elsevier Academic press, 63-79 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ngaski M.M., Phytochemical screening and proximate analysis of Cassia siamea leaves, M.Sc Thesis, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, (2006) @No $ @ @ AOAC, Official Methods of Analysis, 15th EditionAssociation of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C; USA, 807-928 (1990) @No $ @ @ Akinyeye R.O., Oluwadunsin A. and Omoyeni A., Proximate, mineral, anti-nutrients and phytochemical screening and amino acid composition of the leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedi Harms, Electronic Journal ofEnvironmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry,9(8),1322-1333 (2010) @No $ @ @  Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 10(1),1848-1857 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sofowora A., Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa; John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, Ife, Nigeria, 55-201 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ogbe A.O., Atawodi S.E., Abdu P.A., Oguntayo B.O. and Noel D., Oral treatment of Eimeria tenella-infected broilers using aqueous extract of wild mushroom Ganoderma sp): Effect on haematological parameters and histopathology lesions, African Journal of Biotechnology,9(52), 8923-8927 (2010) @No $ @ @ Olawuyi J.F., Biostatistics: A foundation course in health sciences. 1st Edition. University College Hospital, Published by Tunji Alabi Printing Co. Total Garden, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1-221 (1996) @No $ @ @ Duncan D.B., Multiple range and multiple F-tests. Biometry,(11), 1-42 (1955) @No $ @ @ Mutayoba S.K., Dierenfield E., Mercedes V.A., Frances Y. and Knight C.D., Determination of chemical composition and anti-nutritive components for Tanzanian locally available poultry feed ingredients, International Journal of Poultry Science,10(5), 350-357 (2011) @No $ @ @ Gordon M.N. and Kessel M., Perspective in Nutrition. McGraw Hill Company, Ohio, New York, 5th Edition, 257-281 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ajayi I.A., Ajibade O. and Oderinde R.A., Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of some Plant Seeds, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(3), 58-62 (2011) @No $ @ @ Dei H.K., Rose S.P. and Mackenzie A.M., Shea nut Vitellaria paradoxa) meal as a feed ingredient for poultry, World’s Poultry Science Journal, 63(4), 611-624 (2007) @No $ @ @ Armstrong W.D., Rogler J.C. and Featherston W.R. Effects of tannins extraction on the performance of chicks fed bird resistant sorghum grain diets, Poultry Science, (53), 714-720 (1974) @No $ @ @ Shimoyamada M., Ikedo S., Ootsubu R. and Watanabe K., Effect of Soya beans saponins on chmotryptic hydrolyses of soybeans proteins, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, (46), 4793-4797 (1998) @No $ @ @ Thompson L.U., Potential health benefits and problems associated with anti-nutrients in foods, International Journal of Food Resources, (26), 131-149 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ojewole G.S., Uka S.N. and Onyenucheya F., Comparative carcass characteristics of indigenous poultry feds different agro-industrial by-product, Tropical Journal of Anim. Sci., 3(2), 159 -161 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ogbe A.O., Adeyefa C.A.O. and Joshua R.A., Growth rate and haematological parameters of broiler chickens vaccinated with IBD (Gumboro) vaccines exposed to different handling temperature, Journal of Science andTechnology Research, (2), 36–38 (2003) @No $ @ @ Mangale Sapana M., Chonde Sonal G. and Raut P.D., Use of Moringa Oleifera (Drumstick) seed as Natural Absorbent and an Antimicrobial agent for Ground water Treatment, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(3),31-40 (2012) @No $ @ @ Aweng E.R.1, Anwar I.1, Siti Rafiqah M.I. and Suhaimi O.1. Cassia alata as a Potential Coagulant in Water Treatment,.Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2),28-33, (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>An Investigation on Crashworthiness Design of Aluminium Columns with Damage Criteria<#LINE#>Ali@Dadrasi<#LINE#>19-24<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJRS-2012-114 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Mechanics, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, IRAN<#LINE#>7/3/2012<#LINE#>23/3/2012<#LINE#>  This paper presents a crashworthiness design of aluminium columns with damage criteria. A parametric study is performed to study the effect of loading and geometrical parameters. The effect of impact mass, impact velocity, side length, thickness and length of columns are investigated numerically. The numerical analysis carried out by Abaqus software and is compared by literature. <#LINE#> @ @ Holnicki-Szulc J., Pawlowski P. and Wiklo M., High-performance impact absorbing materials the concept,design tools and applications, Smart Mater Struct., 12, 461-467 (2003) @No $ @ @ Lam K.P., Behdinan K. and Cleghorn W.L., A material and gauge thickness sensitivity analysis on the NVH and crashworthiness of automotive instrument panel support, Thin-Walled Struct, 41, 1005–1018 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hou S.J., Li Q., Long S.Y., Yang X.J. and Li, W., Design optimization of regular hexagonal thin-walled columns with crashworthiness criteria, Finite Elem Anal Des, 43, 555–565 (2007) @No $ @ @   Allahbakhsh H.R., Shariati M. and Saemi J., Crashworthiness Optimization of Foam-filled and Empty Spot-welded Columns, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(12) 6404-6411(2010) @No $ @ @ AL Galib D., and Limam A., Experimental and numerical investigation of static and dynamic axial crushing of circular aluminum tubes, Thin walled struct., 42,1103–37 (2004) @No $ @ @ Langseth M., and Hopperstad O.S.., Static and dynamic axial crushing of square thin-walled aluminum extrusions, Int J Impact Eng, 18, 949–68 (1996) @No $ @ @ Pickett A.K. and Pyttel T., Failure prediction for advanced crashworthiness of transportation vehicles, Int. J. Impact Eng, 30, 853–72 (2004) @No $ @ @ Deb Mahendrakumar A., Design of an aluminium-based vehicle plat form for front impact safety, Int J Impact Eng., 30, 1055–79 (2004) @No $ @ @ ABAQUS 6.7, PR11 user’s manual, Abaqus Inc. Providence, RI, USA, (2007) @No $ @ @ Hooputra H., Gese H., Dell H., and Werner H., A comprehensive failure model for crashworthiness simulation of aluminium extrusions, International Journal of Crashworthiness., , 449-463 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rate Purkar T., Sanjay and Pathak Sunil, Aspect of Finite Element Analysis Methods for Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(2), 85-91 (2012) @No $ @ @  Krishan K. and Aggarwal M.L., A Finite Element Approach for Analysis of a Multi Leaf Spring using CAE Tools, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(2), 92-96 (2012) @No $ @ @  Dev Nikhil, Rajesh A., Vijay M., Sandeep M., Satyapal M. and Pardeep K., Thermodynamic Analysis of a Combined Heat and Power System, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(3), 76-79 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Optimization of production conditions of lipase from B. licheniformis MTCC 10498<#LINE#>C.K.Sharma,P.K.@Sharma,S.S.@Kanwar<#LINE#>25-32<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJRS-2012-140 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171 005, INDIA<#LINE#>23/3/2012<#LINE#>5/5/2012<#LINE#>  The initial broth containing 0.3 (%; w/v) yeast extract, 0.1% sodium nitrate (w/v) etc. were calibrated to a final pH of 7.5 to determine cumulative effect of all the selected components on lipase production by B. licheniformis MTCC 10498. The MB broth was autoclaved at 1.1 bar for 20 min. at 121°C.  This broth was inoculated with 10% (v/v) of 36 h old seed culture and incubated under shaking at 55ºC for 72 h. The inoculated MB broth was harvested at 72 h by centrifugation (10, 000 X g for 20 min. at 4ºC; Sigma 3K30, Germany). The supernatant was filtered through Whatman filter paper no. 1. This enzyme preparation was termed as crude lipase. The lipase produced by B. Licheniformis MTCC-10498 in various batches was recorded. The pH was adjusted to 8.0 ± 0.2 and the final volume was made to 1000 ml with sterile distilled water. This crude lipase was subjected to lipase assay and finally 2.0 U/ml activity were recorded. <#LINE#> @ @ Treichel H., Olivera D.D., Mazutti M.A., Luccio M.D. and Olivera J.M., A Review on Microbial Lipases Production Food. Bioproc. Technol.,, 182-196 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sangeetha R., Arulpandi I. and Geetha A., Bacterial Lipases as Potential Industrial Biocatalysts: An Overview, Res. J. Microbiol.,, 1-24 (2011) @No $ @ @ Rani C. and Panneerselvam A., Influence of Environmental and Nutritional Parameters on Lipase Production, J Agric. Biol. Sci.,4(5), 39-43 (2009) @No $ @ @ Winkler U.K. and Stuckmann M., Glucogen, Hyaluronate and Some Other Polysaccharides Greatly Enhance the Formation of Exolipase by Serratia marcescens, J. Bacteriol.,138, 663-670 (1979) @No $ @ @ Wetlaufer, D.B., Ultra Violet Spectra of Proteins and Amino Acids, Adv. Prot. Chem., 17, 303-391(1962) @No $ @ @ Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.L. and Randall R.J., Protein measurement with the Folin-Phenol reagents, J. Biol. Chem.,193, 265 (1951) @No $ @ @ Lau H.L., Arif A., Woo K.K., Ling T.C. and Hii S.L., Production and Optimization of Alkalostable Lipase by Alkalophilic Burkholderia cenocepacia ST-8, Afr.  J. Biotechnol.,10, 7002-7009 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kanwar S.S., Ghazi I.A. and Chimni S.S., Purification and Properties of a Noble Extra-cellular Thermotolerant Metallolipase of Bacilluscoagulans MTCC-6375 Isolate. Protein. Expr. Purif.  46, 421-428 (2006) @No $ @ @ Wang Y., Srivastava K.C., Shen G-J., and Wang H.Y., Thermostable Alkaline Lipase from A Newly Isolated Thermophilic Bacillus Strain A30-1 (ATCC 53841), J. Ferment. Bioeng.,79, 433-438 (1995) @No $ @ @ Ghanem E.H., Al-Sayeed H.A., and Saleh K.M., An Alkalophilic Thermostable Lipase Produced by A New Isolate of Bacillusalcalophilus,World. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.,16, 459-464 (2000) @No $ @ @ Lanser A.C., Manthey L.K. and Hou C.T., Regioselectivity of New Bacterial Lipases Determined By Hydrolysis of Triolein, Curr. Microbiol.,44, 336-340 (2002) @No $ @ @ Sharma R., Soni S.K., Vohra R.M., Gupta L.K. and Gupta J.K., Purification and Characterization of A Thermostable Alkaline Lipase from A New Thermophilic Bacillus sp. RSJ-1, Process Biochem, 37, 1075-1084 (2002) @No $ @ @ Gupta R., Gupta N. and Rathi P., Bacterial lipases: An Overview of Production, Purification and Biochemical Properties, Appl. Microb. Biotechnol.,64, 763-781. (2004) @No $ @ @ Papaparaskevas D., Christakopoulos P., Kekos D., Macris B.J., Optimizing Production of Extracellular Lipase from Rhodotorula glutinis,Biotechnol. 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Microbiol.,28, 344-348 (2002) @No $ @ @ Wei G., Yu J., Zhu Y., Chen W. and Wang L., Characterization of Phenol Degradation by Rhizobium sp. CCNWTB 701 Isolated from Astragalus chrysopteru in Mining Tailing Region, J. Hazard. Mater.,151, 111-117 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kiran G.S., Shanmughapriya S., Jayalakshmi J., Selvin J., Gandhimathi R., Sivaramakrishnan S., Arunkumar M., Thangavelu T. and Natarajaseenivasan K., Optimization of Extracellular Psychrophilic Alkaline Lipase Produced by Marine Pseudomonas sp. (MSI057), Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng.,31, 483-492 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bradoo S., Saxena R.K. and Gupta R., Two acidothermotolerant lipases from new variants of Bacillusspp. , World. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.,15, 87-91 (1999) @No $ @ @ Lithauer D., Ginster A., Skein E., Pseudomonas luteola lipase: A New Member of the 320 – Residue Pseudomonas Lipase Family, Enz. Microbial Technol., 30, 209-215 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lin S.F., Chiou C.M. and Tsai Y.C., Effect of Triton X-100 on Alkaline Lipase Production by Pseudomonaspseudoalkaligenes F-111, Biotechnol Lett17, 959-962 (1995) @No $ @ @ Patkar S.A. and Bjorkling F., Lipase Inhibitors. In: Woolley P, Petersen SB (eds) Lipases-Their Structure, Biochemistry and Application, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 207-224 (1994) @No $ @ @ Wang C.S., Dashti A. and Downs D., Bile Salt-Activated Lipase, Meth. Mol. Biol., 109, 71–79 (1999) @No $ @ @ Kanwar S.S., Sharma C.K., et al., Short Chain Ester Synthesis by Transesterification Employing Poly (MAc-co-DMA-cl-MBA) Hydrogel Bound Lipase of Bacillus coagulans MTCC-6375, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 109, 1063-1071 (2008) @No  
<#LINE#>A branch-and-bound procedure for resource leveling in multi-mode resource constraint project scheduling problem<#LINE#>Behrouz@Afshar-Nadjafi,Hojjat@Najjarbashi,Esmaeil@Mehdizadeh<#LINE#>33-38<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJRS-2012-144 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Faculty of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, IRAN  <#LINE#>24/3/2012<#LINE#>3/3/2012<#LINE#>  This paper presents an exact solution for MRCPSP model (Multi Mode Resource Constraints Project Scheduling Problem). Each activity could be performed in various ways (mode) and in every style of performance (mode) a specific amount of time and resources are used for each activity. The solution used here includes branch and bound and the study aims to level resources. In the end some sample problems are solved using expanded algorithm and the results are reported and analyzed<#LINE#> @ @ Slowinski R., Two approaches to problems of resource allocation among project activities – A comparative study, J.Oper. Res. Soci.,, 711–723 (1980) @No $ @ @ Speranza M. and Vercellis C., Hierarchical models for multi-project planning and scheduling, Eur.J. Oper Res.,64, 312–325 (1993) @No $ @ @ Hartmann S. and Sprecher A., A note on hierarchical models for multi-project planning and scheduling, Eur. J. Oper Res., 94, 377– 383 (1996) @No $ @ @  Sprecher A., Hartmann S. and Drexl A., An exact algorithm for the project scheduling with multiple modes, OR. Spe., 19, 195–203 (1997) @No $ @ @ Hartmann S. and Drexl A., Project scheduling with multiple modes: A comparison of exact algorithms, Net., 32, 283–297 (1998) @No $ @ @ Sprecher A. and Drexl A., Solving multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problems by a simple, general and powerful sequencing algorithm, Eur. J. Oper Res.,107, 431–450 (1998) @No $ @ @ Zhu G., Bard J. and Tu G., A branch-and-cut procedure for the multimode resource-constrained project-scheduling problem, J. Comp., 18(3), 377–390 (2006) @No $ @ @ Boctor F., Heuristics for scheduling projects with resource restrictions and several resource-duration modes, Int. J. of Prod. Res., 31(11), 2547–2558 (1993) @No $ @ @ Drexl A. and Grünewald J., Non preemptive multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling, IIE Trans., 25, 74–81 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ozdamar L. and Ulusoy G., A local constraint based analysis approach to project scheduling under general resource constraints, Eur. J. Oper Res., 79, 287–298 (1994) @No $ @ @ Boctor F., A new and efficient heuristic for scheduling projects with resource restrictions and multiple execution modes, Eur. J. Oper Res., 90, 349–361 (1996) @No $ @ @ Kolisch R., Drexl A., Local search for non-preemptive multi-mode resource constrained project scheduling, IIE. Trans., 29, 987–999 (1997) @No $ @ @ Knotts G., Dror M., Hartman B., Agent-based project scheduling, IIE. Trans., 32 (5), 387–401(2000) @No $ @ @ Lova A., Tormos P. and Barber F., Multi-mode resource constrained project scheduling: Scheduling schemes, priority rules and mode selection rules, Intelig. Artif., 30, 69–86 (2006) @No $ @ @ Patel M., Jain S., Jain D. and Patel B., Prevalence of Different Factors Responsible for Infertility, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011), 207-211 (2012) @No $ @ @ Zangeneh M., Simulation of Perturbation in the PG, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(1), 77-80 (2012) @No $ @ @ Özdamar L., A genetic algorithm approach to a general category project scheduling problem,IEEE.Trans. on Sys., Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews 29, 44–59 (1999) @No $ @ @ Hartmann S., Project scheduling with multiple modes: A genetic algorithm,Ann. of Oper. Res.,102, 111-135 (2001) @No $ @ @ Alcaraz J., Maroto C. and Ruiz R., Solving the multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with genetic algorithms, J. Oper. Res. Soci.,54, 614–626 (2003) @No $ @ @ Lova A., Tormos P., Cervantes M. and Barber F., An efficient hybrid genetic algorithm for scheduling projects with resource constraints and multiple execution modes, Int. J. of Prod. Econ.,117 (2), 302-316 (2009) @No $ @ @ Jozefowska J., Mika M., Rozycki R., Waligora G. and Weglarz J., Simulated annealing for multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling, Ann. of Oper. Res.,102, 137–155 (2001) @No $ @ @ Bouleimen K. and Lecocq H., A new efficient simulated annealing algorithm for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem and its multiple modeversion, Eur. J. Oper Res.,149, 268–281 (2003) @No $ @ @ Zhang H., Tam C. and Li H., Multimode project scheduling based on particle swarm optimization, Comp Aided. Civ. and Infra. Eng., 21, 93–103(2006) @No $ @ @ Ranjbar M., De Reyck B., and Kianfar F., A hybrid scatter-search for the discrete time/resource trade-off problem in project scheduling, Eur. J. Oper Res.,193 (1), 35–48 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bandelloni M., Tucci M. and Rinaldi R., Optimal resource leveling using non-serial dynamic programming,Eur. J. Oper Res.,78, 162-177 (1994) @No $ @ @ Demeulemeester E., Minimizing resource availability costs in time-limited project networks, Manag. Sci., 41, 1590-1598 (1995) @No $ @ @ Savin D., Alkass S. and Fazio P., A procedure for calculating the weight-matrix of a neural network for resource leveling, Adv. in Eng. Soft., 28, 277-283 (1997) @No $ @ @ Neumann K. and Zimmermann J., Procedures for resource leveling and net present value problems in project scheduling with general temporal and resource constraints, Eur. J. Oper Res.,127, 425-443 (2000) @No  
<#LINE#>Numerical study of fluid flow and effect of inlet pipe angle In catalytic converter using CFD<#LINE#>RajR.@ThundilKaruppa,R.@Ramsai<#LINE#>39-44<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJRS-2012-148 Done.pdf<#LINE#> School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore– 632 014, Tamil Nadu, INDIA <#LINE#>27/3/2012<#LINE#>5/4/2012<#LINE#>  Catalytic converter has become a necessity to achieve low emissions in all the vehicles. The design of catalytic converter has become critical which requires a thorough understanding of fluid flow inside the catalytic converter. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the effect of fluid flow due to geometry changes using commercial CFD tool. The study has been conducted assuming the fluid to be air. A section of catalytic converter has been solved for analysis due do its rotational symmetry. The substrate region is modeled as a porous medium. The governing equations namely conservation of mass, momentum will be solved for analysis. The predicted numerical results are validated with those available in literature. The analysis involved determining back pressure across the converter system for mass flow rates and inlet pipe angle. The numerical results were used determine the optimum geometry required to have a uniform velocity profile at the inlet to the substrate. <#LINE#> @ @ Howitt J.S. and Sekella T.C., Flow Effects in Monolithic automotive Catalytic Converters, SAE paper  740244, (1974) @No $ @ @ Wendland D.W., and Matthes W.R., Effect of Head Truncation on Monolith Converter Emission-Control Performance, SAE paper 922340, (1992) @No $ @ @ Hwang K., Lee K., Mueller J., Stuecken T., Schock H. and Lee J.C., Dynamic Flow Study in a Catalytic Converter Using LDV and High Speed Flow Visualization, SAEpaper 950786, (1995) @No $ @ @ Lee S., Bae C., Lee Y. and Han T., Effects of Engine Operating Conditions on Catalytic Converter Temperature in an SI Engine, SAE paper 2002-10-1677, (2002) @No $ @ @ Cho Y.S., Lee Y.S., Kim D.S., Jung S.Y. and Ohm I.Y., An Alternative Method for Fast Light-Off of Catalysts – Cranking Exhaust Gas Ignition, SAE paper 2002-01-1678, (2002) @No $ @ @ Gregory D., Read M., Campbell B., Inman G., Nice G., Hims R., Rabinowitz H., Tauster S., and Collin T., Emissions Implications of a Twin Close Coupled Catalyst System Designed for Improved Engine Performance on an In-line 4 Cylinder Engine, SAE paper 2001-01-1092, (2002) @No $ @ @ Onorati A., Ferrari G., and Derrico G., 1 D Unsteady Flows with Chemical Reactions in the Exhaust Duct-System of SI Engines: Predictions and Experiments, SAE paper 2001-01-0939, (2001) @No $ @ @ Jeong S.J., and Kim W.S., Three-Dimensional Numerical Study on the Use of Warm-up Catalyst to Improve Light-Off Performance, SAE paper 2000-01-0207, (2000) @No $ @ @ Jinke Gong, Longyu Cai, Weiling Peng and Jingwu Liu, Yunqing Liu, Hao Cai and Jiaqiang E, Analysis to the Impact of Monolith Geometric Parameters on Emission Conversion performance Based on an Improved Three-way Catalytic Converter Simulation Model, SAE paper 2006-32-0089 (2006) @No $ @ @ Bassem H. Ramadan and Philip C. Lundberg,Characterization of a Catalytic Converter Internal Flow, SAE paper, 2007-01-4024 (2007) @No $ @ @ Karthikeyan S., Hariganesh R., Sathyanandan M., Krishnan S., Computational and Experimental Investigation on After-Treament Systems to Meet Future Emission Norms for Truck Applications, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 3(4), 3314-3326 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kumar Krishan and Aggarwal M.L., A Finite Element Approach for Analysis of a Multi Leaf Spring using CAE Tools, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(2), 92-96, (2012) @No $ @ @ Dev Nikhil, Attri Rajesh, Mittal Vijay, Kumar Sandeep, Mohit, Satyapal and Kumar Pardeep, Thermodynamic Analysis of a Combined Heat and Power System, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(3),76-79 (2012) @No $ @ @ Wu Guojiang,Tan Song, CFD Simulation Of The Effect Of Upstream Flow Distribution on the Light-Off Performance of a Catalytic Converter, Elsevier, 46(13), (2005)  @No  
<#LINE#>Training Model for Business Performance Improvement: the Case of Iran<#LINE#>Abbas@MousaviTatfiSeyed<#LINE#>45-51<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJRS-2012-153 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Economics, Specialty of Business Administration, Yerevan 0059, ARMENIA<#LINE#>3/4/2012<#LINE#>14/4/2012<#LINE#>  In today’s knowledge based economy training is a significant factor for sustainable success of enterprises. However, in spite of the importance of training, the unskilled workforce is one of the most problematic factors for doing business in Iran.  Therefore, the current paper aims to introduce a new training model the application of which will improve the training state and the performance of Iranian SMEs. To achieve the goal of the research first, the factors for increasing training motivation have been identified. Second, performance indicators have been selected. Third, the questionnaires have been prepared in a way to obtain data on the motivation factors and performance indicators. Further, a survey of 714 Iranian SMEs has been conducted. The collected data have been analyzed to test the relationship between training and motivation; training and performance. Finally, athree-dimensional training model has been introduced based on the analysis results. <#LINE#> @ @ Gill M., Green HRM: People Management Commitment to Environmental Sustainability, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1 (ISC-2011) 44-252 (2012) @No $ @ @  Schwab K., Global Competitiveness Report, World Economic Forum, 2011-2012, Geneva, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/ WEF_GCR_Report_2011-12.pdf (retrieved on 13.02.2012) @No $ @ @  Huselid M.A., The impact of human resource management; an agenda for the 1990s, The Intern. J. of HR Management, 1(1), 17-43 (1995) @No $ @ @ Ulrich D., Human Resource Champions, Harvard Business School Press, Boston (1997) @No $ @ @ Patterson M.G., West M.A., Lawthom R. and Nickell S., Impact of People Management Practices on Performance, Institute of Personnel and Development, London (1997) @No $ @ @ Thompson M., Trust and reward in Trust, Motivation and Commitment, Strategic Remuneration Research Centre,Farringdon (1998) @No $ @ @ Guest D.E., Michie J., Sheehan M. and Metochi M., Effective People Management: Initial Findings of the Future of Work Survey. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (2000b) @No $ @ @ Ferris G.R., Hochwarter W.A., Buckley M.R., Harrel-Cook G. and Frink D.D., Humanresources management: some new directions, J. of Management, 25(3), 385-415 (1999) @No $ @ @ Snell S.A., Youndt M.A. and Wright P.M., Establishing a framework for research in strategic human resource management: merging resource theory and organizational learning, Personnel and Human Resource Management, 14(1), 61-90 (1996) @No $ @ @ Slater S.F. and Narver J.C., Market orientation and the learning organization, J. of Marketing, 59(2), 63-70 (1995) @No $ @ @ Ellinger A.D., Ellinger A.E., Yang B. and Howton S.W., The relationship between the learning organization concept and firms financial performance: an empirical assessment, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 13(1), 5-17 (2002) @No $ @ @ Tannenbaum S.I. and Yukl G., Training and development in work, Ann. Rev. of Psychology, 43(4), 399-441(1992) @No $ @ @ Mathieu J.E., and Martineau J.W., Individual and situational training, In J.K. Ford S.W. Kozlowski K. Kraiger E. Salas, and M.S. Teachout, Improving training effectiveness in organizations, Erlbaum, New Jersey, (1997) @No $ @ @ Mathieu J.E., Martineau J.W., and Tannenbaum S.I., Individual and situational influences on the development of self-efficacy: Implications for training effectiveness, Personnel Psychology, 46(2), 125-147 (1993) @No $ @ @ Webster J. and Martocchio J.J., Turning work into play: Implications for microcomputer software training, J. ofManagement, 19(4), 127-146 (1993) @No $ @ @ Noe R.A. and Schmitt N., The influence of trainee attitudes on training effectiveness, Test of a model, Personnel Psychology, 39(3), 497-523 (1986) @No $ @ @  Kabanoff B. and Bottger P., Effectiveness of creativity training and its relation to selected personality factors, J. of organizational behavior, 12(1), 235-48 (1991) @No $ @ @ Bretz R.D. Jr. and Thompsett R.E., Comparing traditional and integrative learning methods in organizational training programs, J. of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 941-51 (1992) @No $ @ @ Mumford M.D., Baughman W.A., Uhlman C.E., Costanza D.P. and Threlfall K.V., Personality variables and skill acquisition: Performance while practicing a complex task, Human Performance, 6(1), 345-381 (1993) @No $ @ @ Martocchio J.J. and Webster J., Effects of feedback and cognitive playfulness on performance in microcomputer training, Personal Psychology, 45(3), 553-78 (1992) @No $ @ @ James L.R. and Jones A.P., Organizational climate: A review of Organizational climate: A review of theory and research, Psychological Bulletin, 81(3), 1096-1112 (1974) @No $ @ @ Brass D.J., Structural relationships, job characteristics, and worker satisfaction and performance, Administrative Science Quarterly, 26(4), 331-348 (1981) @No $ @ @ Podsakoff P.M, MacKenzie S.B., Moorman R.H. and Fetter R., Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors, Leadership Quarterly, 1(4), 107-142 (1990) @No $ @ @ LePine J.A., and Van Dyne L., Predicting voice behavior in work groups, J. of Applied Psychology, 83(1), 853-868 (1998) @No $ @ @ Tracey J.B., Tannenbaum S.I. and Kavanagh M.J., Applying trained skills on the job: The importance of the work environment, J. of Applied Psychology, 80(2), 239-252 (1995) @No $ @ @ Rouiller J.Z. and Goldstein I.L., The relationship between organizational transfer climate and positive transfer of training, Resources Development Quarterly, 4(3), 377-390 (1993) @No $ @ @ Birdi K., Allan C. and Warr P., Correlates of perceived outcomes of four types of employee development activity,  J. of Applied Psychology, 82(2), 845-57 (1997) @No $ @ @ Brown S.P., A meta-analysis and review of organizational research on job involvement, Psychological Bulletin, 120(4), 235-56 (1996) @No $ @ @ Yadav A. and Katiyar A., Corporate transformation through Leadership: Understanding Macro-Cultural Implications for Indian organizations, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1 (ISC-2011) , 253-258 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Groundwater Geochmistry Study Using GIS in and Around Vallanadu Hills, Tamilnadu, India<#LINE#>D.@Manimaran<#LINE#>52-58<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJRS-2012-188 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Department of Geology,V.O.Chidambaram College, Thoothukudi, INDIA<#LINE#>18/4/2012<#LINE#>23/4/2012<#LINE#>  Groundwater is an essential part of life. The potential of groundwater is depends upon the subsurface rock and soil conditions. The following study was mainly focused the quality of groundwater in hard rock areas in and around Vallanadu hill using GIS application. The 36 water samples were collected in the study area. The water sample quality parameters such as colour, taste, and odor, turbidity, Ec, P, Alkaline, Dissolved constituents of silica, iron, Ca, Mg, K, corbonate, bicarbonate, Cl, No3, TDS was used for the study. The corrosity and rich out technaie is used for further study. The quality of groundwater study is used irrigation purpose determined by the  salinity and sodium hazards  analysis. The Styfzand’s classification is used for brackish and saltwater in the study area. The WHO standards of parameters are a dominant play role for the groundwater quality study. <#LINE#> @ @ Caleb Adwangashi Tabwassah and Gabriel Ike Obiefun., Geophysical and Geotechnical Investigation of Cham Failed Dam Project, Ne Nigeria, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(2), 1-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ Antony Ravindran A., Azimuthal Square Array Resistivity Method and Goundwater Exploration in Sanganoor, Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(4), 41-45 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mondal N.C., Singh, V.S., A new approach to delineate the groundwater recharge zone in hard rock terrain, Curr. Sci., 87(5), 658–662 (2004) @No $ @ @ Tijani M.N., Hydrogeochemical assessment of groundwater in Moro Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. Environ. Geol. 24 (3), 194–202. Turekian, K.K., 1977. Geochemical distribution of elements, fourth ed. Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. McGraw-Hill, New York, 630 (1994) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization (WHO), Guideline of drinking quality. World  Health Organization, Washington (1984) @No $ @ @ Zahid A., Balke, K.D., Hassan, M.Q., Flegr, M.,  Evaluation of aquifer environment under Hazaribagh leather processing zone of Dhaka city, Environ. Geol.,50(4), 495–504 (2006) @No $ @ @ Domenico P.A. and Schwartz F.W., Physical and chemical hydrogeology, John Willey and Sons, New York (1990) @No $ @ @ Freeze R.A. and Cherry J.A., Groundwater, Prentice Hall Inc., (1997) @No $ @ @ Gibbs R.J., Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry. Science170, 1088–1090 (1970) @No $ @ @ Carrol A., Rain water as a chemical agent of  ologic process –A review, U.S  Geologicalsurvey water-supply, 97-104 (1962) @No $ @ @ Karanth K.R., Groundwater Assessment Development and Management, Tata Mc Graw HillPublishing Company Ltd., 715 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ridchards C.A., Diagnosis and improvement of saline alkali soils, USDA handbook, 60, 160 (1954) @No $ @ @ Ryzner J.W., A new index for determining amount of calcium carbonate scale formed by water, J.Amer, W.W.Assn.,36, 472–486 (1944) @No $ @ @ Sawyer C.N., Chemistry for sanitoary engineers, and P.L. Mc CARTY 2nd., Mc Graw Hill,New York, 518 (1987) @No $ @ @ Stuyfzand P.J, A new hydro chemical Classification of water types, proc., IAHS 3, Science association, Baltimore, USA, 33-42 (1989) @No $ @ @  Todd.,  Ground water hydrology, John Wiley, 535 (1980) @No $ @ @ Sastri J.C., Hydrogeochemistry of rocks of the basement complex of Karnataka state, J.Mysore university sec.B.V., 76, 20-33 (1974) @No $ @ @ Ayers R.S. and Westcot D.W., Water quality for Agriculture, Irrigation and Drainage, 29, Rev.1, FAQ, rome, 174 (1985) @No $ @ @ Rengarajan R. and Balasubramanian A., Corrosion and scale formation characteristics of groundwater in and around Nagavalli, Salem District, Tamil nadu, J.applied hydrology, 3(2), 15-22 (1990) @No $ @ @ Ryzner J.W., A new index for determining amount of carbonate scale formed by a water, J.Amer. W.W.Assn., 36,472-486 (1994) @No  
<#LINE#>Investigating the Effects of Job Experience, Satisfaction, and Motivation on Organizational Commitment Case Study: (The Nurses of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran)<#LINE#>Tahere@Nabizadeh,Zahra@GharibTarzeh,Fateme@Dorbanai,Asma@YaghoobiJami<#LINE#>59-67<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJRS-2012-197 Done.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Business Management, Mashhad Branch, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IRAN @ Young Researchers Club, Dept. of Business Mgt., Torbat-e-Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbat-e-Jam, IRAN @ Department of Business Management, Torbat-e-Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbat-e-Jam, IRAN<#LINE#>23/4/2012<#LINE#>4/5/2012<#LINE#>  Nowadays, organizations are moving toward intangible sources and investigating more on them from whom human resources are of great importance. Many studies have been undertaken on the relation between job satisfaction, and organizational commitment; but, there are few studies on the relation between job satisfaction, motivation and organizational commitment among nurses. So, this paper aimed to investigate the effects of job experience, satisfaction and motivation on organizational commitment of the nurses in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad city, Iran. The sample of this study included 50 nurses of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad city, determined by Cochran formula at the error level of 0.07%. The results showed a significant correlation of job experience and satisfaction with organizational commitment; but, no correlation was observed between job motivation and organizational commitment. These conclusions provide useful information for hospital officials to offer better services, using motivational drives for creating job satisfaction and organizational commitment. <#LINE#> @ @ Gill MandipGreen HRM., People Management Commitment to Environmental Sustainability, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1 (ISC-2011)   , 244-252, (2012) @No $ @ @ Tella.A. Ayeni. C.o, Popoola. S.o., Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment of Library Personnel in Academic and Research Libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria, Library Philosophy and Practice, 1-16 (2007) @No $ @ @ Luthans, F., Organizational Behavior. 8th ed. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill (1998) @No $ @ @ Kittur Parveen and Hundekar S.G., Corporate transformation through Leadership: Understanding Macro-Cultural Implications for Indian organizations, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1 (ISC-2011) , 253-258, (2012) @No $ @ @ Notes, C., Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling, Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 4(5), 5-35 (2010) @No $ @ @ Bauer, T. and S. Bender., Technological Change, Organizational Change, and Job Turnover, Labour Economics, 11(3), 265–291 (2004) @No $ @ @ Linz S.J., Job Satisfaction among Russian Workers,International Journal of Manpower 24(6), 626-652 (2003) @No $ @ @ Cornelbin T., Job characteristics as determinants of job satisfaction and labor mobility, Discussion paper No. 334, Institute of Quantitative Economic Research, University of Hannover, Germany, 25, (2006) @No $ @ @ Kertcher Z. and Hachen D., Online Work Motivation: An Experiment Of instrumental And Moral Incentives, 1-49 (2011) @No $ @ @ Akinboye J.O., Executive behavior battery. Ibadan: Stirling- Horden Publishers, (2001) @No $ @ @ Brown J. and Sheppard B., Teacher librarians in learning organizations, Paper Presented at the Annual Conference of the International Association of School Librarianship, Canada, and August 25-30 (1997) @No $ @ @ Sinclair R.R., Tucker J.S., Cullen J.C. and Wright C., Performance differences among four organizational commitment profiles, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1280-1287 (2005) @No $ @ @ Banjoko S.A., Human resource management, Lagos: Saban Publishers, (1996) @No $ @ @ Burney L. and S.K. Widner, performance measurement systems, job –relevant information, and managerial behavioral responses– Role Stress and Performance, Behavioral Researching Accounting, (19), 43-69, (2007) @No $ @ @ Harringnton J., Training adds up. Incentive, 177(6), 22 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hooman H.A., Modeling Structural Equations Using Lisrel Software, Samt Publication, 2nd Ed, (2010) @No $ @ @ Silverthorne C., The impact of organizational culture and person organization fit on Organizational commitment and job satisfaction in Taiwan, Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 25(7), 592-599, (2004) @No $ @ @ Locke, E.A. and Lathan G.P., Theory of goal setting and task performance, Englewood, Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Pp 248-250, (1990) @No $ @ @ Jamal M., Job stress satisfaction and mental health: An empirical examination of self employed and non-self employed Canadians, Journal of Small Bossiness Management, 35(4), 48-57 (1997) @No $ @ @ MacDonald R., Labors of love: Voluntary working in a depressed economy, Journal of Social Policy, 25(1), 19-38, (1996) @No $ @ @ Meyer J.P. and Allen N.J., A three component conceptualization of organizational commitment, Human Resource Management Review, , 61-89 (1991) @No $ @ @ Belsare Satish and Patil Sunil, Study and Evaluation of user’s behavior in e-commerce Using Data Mining, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(ISC-2011)   , 375-387 (2012) @No $ @ @ Alexander J.A., Liechtenstein R.O. and Hellmann E., A causal model of voluntary turnover among nursing personnel in long term psychiatric setting, Research in Nursing and Health, 21(5), 415-427 (1998) @No $ @ @ Lee C.H., A study of underemployment among self-initiated expatriates, Journal of World Business, 40(2), 172-187 (2005) @No $ @ @ Raorane A.A.,Kulkarni R.V.  and Jitkar B.D, Association Rule – Extracting Knowledge Using Market Basket Analysis, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2), 19-27 (2012) @No $ @ @  Cano J. and Miller G., An Analysis of Job Satisfaction and Job Satisfier Factors Among six taxonomies of agricultural education teachers, Journal of Agricultural Education, 9-18 (1992) @No $ @ @ Murray R.A.,Job Satisfaction of Professional and Paraprofessional Library Staff at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a master’s paper for the M.S. in L.S. degree, Master’s paper submitted to the faculty of the School of Information and Library Science of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Library Science, 1-68 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ayub N. and Rafif S., The relationship between Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction, Pakistan Business Review, 332-347 (2011) @No $ @ @ Farrell D. and Petersen J., Commitment, Absenteeism, and Turnover of New Employees: A Longitudinal Study,  37,681-692 (1984) @No $ @ @ Wharton P., Potter P.E. and Parry P., Keeping the Faculty: Issues of Socialization, Justice, and Commitment to the Workplace, The official journal of the Institute of Behavioral and Applied Management,6(1), 1-87 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bauer T, High Performance Workplace Practices and Job Satisfaction: Evidence from Europe, Discussion Paper 1265, 1-39 (2004) @No $ @ @ AL-Hussami M., A Study of Nurses' Job Satisfaction: The Relationship to Organizational Commitment, Perceived Organizational Support, Transactional Leadership, Transformational Leadership, and Level of Education, European Journal of Scientific Research, 22(2), 286-295(2008) @No $ @ @ Weiss D.J., Manual for the Minnesota satisfaction Questionnaire, Minnesota Studies in Vocational Rehabilitation, XXII University of Minnesota, (1967) @No $ @ @ Loker J.C., Leadership behaviors: effects on job satisfaction, productivity and organizational commitment. Journal of Nursing Management, 9(4), 191-204, (2001) @No $ @ @ Freund A., Commitment and job satisfaction as predictors of turnover intentions among welfare workers, Administration in Social Work, 29(2), 5-21(2005) @No $ @ @ Hair J.F. Sarstedt M. and Ringle C.M., An Assessment of the Use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling in Marketing Research, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 1-20, (2011) @No $ @ @ Steenkamp J.B. and Baumgartner H., Assessing Measurement in Variancein Cross-National Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research, 25(1), 78–90,(1998) @No $ @ @ Malhotra N.K., Guesteditorial: Cross-cultural marketing research in the twenty-first century, International Marketing Review, 18(3), 230–234 (2001) @No $ @ @ Iacobucci D. Grisaffe D. Duhachek A. and Marcati A., FAC-SEM: A methodology for modeling factorial structural equations models, applied to cross-cultural and cross- industry drivers of customer evaluations, Journal of Service Research, 6(1), 3–23 (2003) @No $ @ @ Herzberg F., Mauser B., Peterson R.O. and Capwell D.F., Job attitudes: A review of research and opinion, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Psychological Service at Pittsburgh, (1957) @No $ @ @ Hulland J., The Use of Partial Least Squares (PLS) in Strategic Management Research: A Review of Four Recent Studies, Journal of Strategic Management, 20(2), 195-204(1999) @No $ @ @ Keller R.T., Transformational leadership, initiating structure & substitutes for leadership: A longitudinal study of research and development project team performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 202-210 (2006) @No $ @ @ Lu H., While A. and Barriball K., Job satisfaction among nurses: a literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42(2), 211-227, (2005) @No $ @ @ Henseler J., Ringle C.M. and Sinkovics R., The use of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling In International Marketing, New Challenges to International Marketing Advances in International Marketing, 20, 217-319, (2009) @No $ @ @ Jung S., Regularized Structural Equation Models with Latent Variables, A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements, of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 1-57 (2009) @No $ @ @ Lim K.H. Sia C.L., Lee M.K.O. and Benbasat I., Do I trust you online, and if so, will I buy? An empirical study of two trust-building strategies, Journal of Management Information Systems, 23(2), 233–266 (2006) @No $ @ @ Al-Aameri A.S., Job satisfaction and organizational commitment for nurses, Saudi Medical Journal, 21(6), 231-235 (2000) @No $ @ @  Sun Y. Lim K. Jiang C. and Sun J., Do males and famales think in the same way? Unempirical investigation on the gender differences in the web advertising evaluation, Journal of Computers in Human Behavior,26(6), 1614-1625 (2010) @No $ @ @  Yoon J. and Thye S., A dual process model of organizational commitment: job Satisfaction and organizational support, Work and Occupations, 29(1), 97-124 (2002) @No  
<#LINE#>Investigation on Buckling Behavior of Tubular Shells with Circular Cutout, Subjected to Combined Loading<#LINE#>Mahmoud@Shariati,Abdolhosein@Fereidoon,Amin@Akbarpour<#LINE#>68-76<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJRS-2012-254 Done.pdf<#LINE#>Mechanical Department, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IRAN @ Mechanical Department, Semnan University, Semnan, IRAN @ Mechanical Department, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, IRAN <#LINE#>9/6/2012<#LINE#>12/6/2012<#LINE#>  Within this contribution, buckling of tubular steel shells with circular cutout will be analyzed. The experimental results will be compared by FEM simulation results within circular cutouts of the specimen. The experimental buckling tests have been conducted using a Servo-hydraulic machine (Instron 8802). Considering the broad application range of tubular thin-walled shells, prediction of the behavior of these elements in combined loading case (especially for buckling behavior) has gained a great level of importance. In this study, the influence of shell length, shell diameter, shell angle and diameter of circular cutouts on the predicted buckling values for the tubular shell has been explored. Numerical simulations of tubular shell subjected to combined loading were conducted. The analytical solutions show excellent agreement with the numerical results predicted by FEM. <#LINE#> @ @ Vartdal B.J., Al-Hassani S. and Burley J., A tube with a rectangular cutout, Part 2: subject to axial compression, J. Mechanical Engineering Science, 220(5), 652-643 (2005) @No $ @ @ Toda S., Buckling of cylinders with cutouts under axial compression, Exp. Mech., 23(4), 414-417 (1983) @No $ @ @ Shariati M. and Mahdizadeh M., Numerical and Experimental Investigations on Buckling of Steel Cylindrical Shells with Elliptical Cutout Subject to Axial Compression, Thin-Walled Structures, 46, 1251- 1261 (2008) @No $ @ @ Shariati M. and Rokhi M., Buckling of Steel Cylindrical Shells with an Elliptical Cutout, International Journal of Steel Structures, 10(2), 193-205 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jullien J.F. and Limam A., Effect of openings on the buckling of cylindrical shells subjected to axial compression, Thin Wall Structures, (31), 187-202 (1998) @No $ @ @ El Naschie M.S., Branching solution for local buck-ling of a circumferentially cracked cylindrical shell, Int. J. Mech. Sci., (16), 689-97 (1974) @No $ @ @  Shariati M. and Rokhi M., Investigation of buckling of Steel cylindrical shells with elliptical cutout under bending moment, International Review of Mechanical Engineering, 3(1), 7-15 (2009) @No $ @ @ Yeh M.K. et al., Bending buckling of an elastoplastic cylindrical shell with a cutout, Eng. Struct., (21), 996–1005 (1999) @No $ @ @ Almorth B.O., Brogan F.A. and Marlowe M.B., Stability analysis of cylinders with circular cutouts, AIAA J., 11(11), 1582–4 (1973) @No $ @ @ Poursaeidi E., Rahimi G.H. and Vafai A.H., Plastic buckling of cylindrical shells with cutouts, Asian Journal of civil engineering (Building and housing),5(3-4), 191-207 (2004) @No $ @ @ Han D.C. and Park S.H., Collapse behavior of square thin-walled columns subjected to oblique loads, Thin-Walled Structures, (35), 167–184 (1999) @No $ @ @ Rahimi G.H. and Poursaeidi E., Plastic analysis of cylindrical shells with single cutout under bending moment. In The third international conference on advanced structural engineering and mechanics, Seoul, Korea, 908–922 @No $ @ @  Han D.C. and Park S.H., Collapse behavior of square thin-walled columns subjected to oblique loads, Thin-Walled Structures, (35), 167–184 (1999) @No $ @ @ Reyes A., Langseth M. and Hopperstad O.S., Square aluminum tubes subjected to oblique loading, International Journal of Impact Engineering, (28), 1077–1106 (2003) @No $ @ @ Magarajan U., Thundil karuppa Raj R. and Elango T., Numerical Study on Heat Transfer of Internal Combustion Engine Cooling by Extended Fins Using CFD, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(6)32-37 (2012) @No $ @ @ Purkar T. Sanjay and Pathak Sunil, Aspect of Finite Element Analysis Methods for Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth Rate, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(2), 85-91 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumar Krishan and Aggarwal M.L., A Finite Element Approach for Analysis of a Multi Leaf Spring using CAE Tools, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(2), 92-96 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya Sourabh, Applications of DSTATCOM Using MATLAB/Simulation in Power System, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011)  , 430-433 (2012) @No $ @ @ Murthy B.R.N.,  Lewlyn L.R. Rodrigues and Anjaiah Devineni, Process Parameters Optimization in GFRP Drilling through Integration of Taguchi and Response Surface Methodology, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(6), 7-15 (2012) @No 
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>A Novel Method of Using Refractive Index as a Tool for Finding the Adultration of Oils<#LINE#>S.@Ariponnammal<#LINE#>77-79<#LINE#>11.ISCA-RJRS-2012-040 Done.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physics, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed University Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu – 624 302 INDIA <#LINE#>23/1/2012<#LINE#>6/3/2012<#LINE#> Any physical parameter should find applications in our day-today life. This paper deals with the educational science in daily life for school students. In this paper, it has been shown that  that how the refractive index can be used as a tool for finding the adultration of oils. Further more the refractive index of fifteen oils has been determined and presented here. <#LINE#> @ @ Subramaniyam  N. and Brijlal, A Text book of optics, 18thed. S.Chand and Company Pvt Ltd, ( 1987) @No $ @ @ Eugene Hecht., Optics, Addison-Wesley (2002) @No $ @ @ Lawrence E. Kinsler, Austin R. Frey, Alan B. Coppens and James V. Sanders, Fundamentals of Acoustics, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 136 (2000) @No $ @ @ WWW.2spi.com/catalog/Itmic.brix.html @No $ @ @  Jee M. and Jee M., ed., Oils and Fats Authentication, Blackwell Publishing (CRC Press), Boca Raton, Florida, 1–24 (2002) @No $ @ @ Gordon M.H. and Jee M., ed., Oils and Fats Authentication, Blackwell Publishing (CRC Press), Boca Raton, Florida, 143–155(2002) @No $ @ @ Edmiston M.D., A liquid prism for refractive index studies, J. Chem. Educ., 78, 1479–80 (2001) @No $ @ @  Neder A., Garcia E., and Viana L.N., The use of an inexpensive laser pointer to perform qualitative and semiquantitative laser refractometry, J. Chem.Educ., 78, 1481–3 (2001) @No $ @ @  Farkas  N., Henriksen  P.N. and Ramsier R.D., Phys. Educ, Index of refraction without geometry,41, 69–72 (2006) @No $ @ @  Singh S.,  Diffraction method measures refractive indices of liquids, Phys. Educ., 39, 235 (2004) @No $ @ @ Khanna  D.R. and Gulati H.R., Fundamentals of optics , R. Chand and Co Publishers, 12th ed. (1985) @No  
<#LINE#>Comparative Study of Seed Germination and Percentage of Fungal Infection of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.)<#LINE#>Subhas@Ingle,Sachin@Bnagale<#LINE#>80-82<#LINE#>12.ISCA-RJRS-2012-133 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany, D.K.A.S.C. College, Ichalkaranji, Dist. Kolhapur – 416115, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>22/3/2012<#LINE#>27/3/2012<#LINE#>  Ashwagandha (Withania  somnifera (L.) Dual.), is a medicinal plant. Presently, there are five different varieties are under in cultivation. These varieties shows different rate of seed germination and fungal infection .These variation in percent of seed germination and fungal infection are investigated in the present work by blotter method. <#LINE#> @ @ Kattimani K.N., Reddy Y.N. and Rajesh war Rao B.R., Influence of pre- sowing seed treatment on seedling vigor, root length, and dry root yield of Ashwagandha (Withania  somnifera (L.) Dunal) under semi– arid climate of  Hyderabad, J. Medicinal and Aromatic plant sciences,proceeding of national seminar,  22(4A) and  23(1A) (2000) @No $ @ @ Gupta M.L., Mishra H.O., Kalra and Khanuja S.P.S., Root rot and wilt, a new disease of Ashwagndha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dual) caused by Fusarium solani, J. Medicinal and Aromatic plant sciences,26(2), 285-287 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sreerekha M.V., Patel K.V., Bhatnagar R. and Sriram S., Distribution of total Withanoloides in various plant part of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) accession as influenced by light and dark reaction cycle, J.Medicinal and Aromatic plant sciences26: 681-683. (2004) @No $ @ @ Thapliyal Manish  and R.C. Thapliyal, Recent Advances in research on seed technology of Medicinal plants Indian Scenario, J.Medicinal and Aromatic plant sciences, 27,230-237 (2001) Khare M.N. (1996) @No $ @ @ Methods to test seeds for associated fungi, Indian Phytopath.49(4), 319-328, (1996) @No $ @ @ 6.Singh N., Nath R., Lata A., et al. Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), a rejuvenating herbal drug which enhances survival during stress (an adaptogen). Int J Crude Drug Res; 20, 29-35 (1982) @No $ @ @ Sharad A.C., Solomon F.E., Devi P.U., et al. Antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo, Acta Oncol,35, 95-100 (1996) @No $ @ @ Singh N., Singh S.P., Nath R., et al., Prevention of urethane-induced lung adenomas by Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal in albino mice, Int J Crude Drug Res,24, 90-100 (1986) @No $ @ @ Devi P.U., Sharada A.C., Solomon F.E. and Kamath MS. In vivo growth inhibitory effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on a transplantable mouse tumor, Sarcoma 180, Indian J Exp Biol.,30, 169-172, (1992) @No $ @ @ Devi P.U. Withania somnifera dunal (ashwagandha): potential plant source of a promising drug for cancer chemotherapy and radiosensitization. Indian J Exp Biol, 34, 927-932, (1996) @No $ @ @ Devi P.U., Sharada A.C. and Solomon F.E., In vivo growth inhibitory and radiosensitizing effectsof withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Cancer Lett; 95,189-193, (1995) @No $ @ @ Bangale Sachin and Bamane Sambaji, Synthesis, Characterization and Hydrophilic Properties of Nanocrystalline ZnFe Oxide, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(ISC-2011) , 202-206 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>An Efficient Residue to Binary Converter for the New Two-Level Moduli Set {22n {2n ,2n 1 -1},2n -1, 2n  1}<#LINE#>Mohammad@SafiSeyyed,Meysam@Rashno,Parvin@Abedi,Mina@Kaboli,Sadat@SafiFatemeh<#LINE#>83-86<#LINE#>13.ISCA-RJRS-2012-218 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Computer Engineering, Ahvaz branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IRAN @  Department of Computer Engineering, Ahvaz branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, IRAN <#LINE#>9/5/2012<#LINE#>12/5/2012<#LINE#>  In this paper a new two-level four moduli set {22n {2, 2n+1–1}, 2 –1, 2 +1} is introduced and an efficient residue to binary converter is proposed for it. This moduli set contains the moduli set {22n, 2 –1, 2 +1} in its first-level and the moduli set {2, n+1 –1} in its second-level for the modulo 22n.The reverse converter for this moduli set is implemented in two-level structure, which is designed based on Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) and the new CRT-1 methods. The proposed residue to binary converter for this moduli set improves the hardware cost and delay significantly in comparison to the similar previously presented moduli sets.<#LINE#> @ @ Omondi A. and Premkumar B., Residue Number Systems:Theory and Implementations, Imperial College Press, London (2007) @No $ @ @ Mohan P.V.A., RNS-To-Binary Converter for a New Three-moduli Set {2n+1 –1,2n ,2 –1} , IEEE trans. Circuits  Syst., 54(9), 775-779 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sabbagh A., Dadkhah C.H., Navi K. and Eshghi M., Efficient MRC-Based Residue to Binary Converters for the New Moduli Sets {22n,2 –1,2n+1 –1} and {22n,2 –1,2n–1 –1}, IEICE TRANS. INF. & SYST., 92(9), 42-51 (2009) @No $ @ @  Hariri A., Navi K. and Restegar R., A new high dynamic range moduli set with efficient reverse converter,  Elsevier J. com and Math, 55(4), 660-668 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mohan P.V.A. and Premkumar A.B., RNS-to-Binary Converters for Two Four-Moduli Set {2 –1,2n ,2 +1,2n+11} and {2 –1,2,2 +1,2n+1+1}, IEEE Trans. Circuits syst. I, 54(6), 1245-1254 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mohan P. V. A., New reverse converters for the moduli set {2 –3,2 –1,2+1 ,2+3}, Elsevier J. Electron. Commun., 62(9),  643-658 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hosseinzadeh M., Sabbagh A. and Navi K., An improved reverse converter for the moduli set {2 –1, 2, 2 +1, 2n+1 –1}, IEICE Elect. Exp, 5(17), 672-677 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mewada Shivlal and Singh Umesh Kumar, Performance Analysis of Secure Wireless Mesh Networks, Researh J. Recent Sci.,1(3), 80-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Molahosseini A., Navi K., Hashemipour O. and A. Jalali, An efficient architecture for designing reverse converters based on a general three moduli set, Elsevier J. Systems Architecture, 54(10), 929-934 (2008) @No $ @ @ Wang W., Swamy M. N. S., Ahmad M. O. and Wang Y., A Study of the Residue-to-Binary Converters for the Three-Moduli Sets, IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst-II, 40(2), 235-243 (2003) @No $ @ @ Piestrak S.J., A high speed realization of a residue to binary converter, IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst-II, 42(10), 661-663 (1995) @No  
<#LINE#>Samarium (II) Iodide Mediated Synthesis of 3,5-dimethyl-hexahydrocyclopenta[b]furnan-2-one<#LINE#>B.Y.@Makama<#LINE#>87-89<#LINE#>14.ISCA-RJRS-2012-242 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Science Education, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano, NIGERIA <#LINE#>30/5/2012<#LINE#>31/5/2012<#LINE#>Selective reduction of the aldehyde of (157) with sodium borohydride gave the alcohol (243) with an excellent yield of 80%.The alcohol was then converted to alkyl Iodide which was readily reduced with SmI2 in NiI2 to give carbocyclic compound (220) with overall yield of 74%. The structures of these products were determined using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spect. andIR analysis <#LINE#> @ @ Makama B.Y., Regioselective Synthesis of -Butenoildes Mediated by Silvertrifluroacetate with -Halo Acetals, Research Journal of Recent Sciences1(1), 85-88 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kagan H.B. and Divalent J., Lanthanide derivatives in organic synthesis. 1. Mild preparation of samarium iodide and ytterbium iodide and their use as reducing or coupling agents, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102 (8), 2693-2698 (1980) @No $ @ @ Inanaga J., Ishikawa M. and Yamaguchi M.A., Mild and Convenient Method for the Reduction of Organic Halides by Using a SmI-THF Solution in the Presence of Hexamethylphosphoric Triamide (HMPA), Chem. Lett.,16(7) 1485-1486 (1987) @No $ @ @ Molander G.A. and Harris C.R.J., Conjugate Addition Reactions Mediated by Samarium(II) Iodide, J. Org. Chem., 62(21), 7418-7429 (1997) @No $ @ @ Harwood L.M., Moody C.J. and Percy J.M.,  In Experimental Organic Chemistry,  Blackwell Scientific, Oxford 2nd edition (1999) @No $ @ @ Simonsen J.L. and Owen L.N., In The Terpenes, Cambridge University Press, 63, 50 (1953) @No $ @ @ Barnard D. and Bateman L.,  Experiments relating to the synthesis of homogeranic acid, J. Chem. Soc. 926- 932 (1950) @No $ @ @ Molander G.A. and David J., Samarium (II) Iodide-Mediated Intramolecular Conjugate Additions of , Unsaturated Lactones, J. Org. Chem.,67(11), 3861-3865 (2002) @No  
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Rapid Detection Methods for Analysis of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Agriculture Products<#LINE#>Mostafa@Abedi-Tizaki,Armin@Askari,Hamid@Paknezhad,Reza@AbediMohammad<#LINE#>90-98<#LINE#>15.ISCA-RJRS-2012-087 Done.pdf<#LINE#> Young Researchers Club, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, IRAN  @ Young Researchers Club, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, IRAN<#LINE#>24/2/2012<#LINE#>1/3/2012<#LINE#>  Many commodities and products can become contaminated with mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins during harvest, storage and handling, and processing. Mycotoxins are structurally diverse, deriving from a number of biosynthetic pathways and their effect upon consumers is equally diverse ranging from acutely toxic to immunosuppressive or carcinogenic. Rapid detection and quantification of fungi and mycotoxins in agriculture products and processed food is necessary for assuring safety and quality of food. This paper provides a brief review of novel approaches and technologies for mycotoxin analysis including immunological detection, nucleic acid hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), mycotoxin biosynthetic gene, and combination assays for detection of fungi and mycotoxins. Some methods have already been commercialized while others innovative tests have been reported in the literature and have the potential for providing real-time test for fungi and mycotoxin testing. The review focuses on methods for detection of fungi and mycotoxins in agriculture products. <#LINE#> @ @ Logrieco A., Mulé G., Moretti A and Bottalico., Toxigenic Fusarium species and mycotoxins associated with maize ear rot in Europe, Eur. J. Plant Path., 108, 597–609 (2002) @No $ @ @ Jones B.D. and Toal M.E., Mycotoxins in food: a UK regulatory perspective, Aspects Appl. Biol., 68, 1–9 (2003) @No $ @ @ D’Mello J.P.F., Macdonald A.M.C., Postel D., Dijksma W.T.P., Dujardin A. and Placinta C.M., Pesticide use and mycotoxin production in Fusarium and Aspergillusphytopathogens, Eur. J. Plant Path., 104, 741–51 (1998) @No $ @ @ Lee T., Han Y.K., Kim K.H., Yun S.H. and Lee Y.W., Tri13 and Tri7 determine deoxynivalenol- and nivalenol-producing chemotypes of Gibberella zeae, Appl. Env.Micro., 68, 2148–54 (2002) @No $ @ @ Varga J., Rigó K., Tóth B., Téren J. and Kozakiewicz Z., Evolutionary relationships among Aspergillus species producing economically important mycotoxins, Food Tech.Biotech., 41, 29–36 (2003a) @No $ @ @ Xu H. X., Annis S., Linz J. and Trail F., Infection and colonization of peanut pods by Aspergillus parasiticus and the expression of the aflatoxin biosynthetic gene, nor-1, in infection hyphae, Physiol. Mol. Plant Path., 56(5), 185–96 (2000) @No $ @ @ Doohan F. M., Molecular techniques for studying Fusarium ear blight of wheat, PhD thesis, Open University, UK (1998) @No $ @ @ Gilbert J. and Tekauz A., Review: recent developments in research on fusarium head blight of wheat in Canada, Can. J. Plant Path., 22, 1–8 (2000) @No $ @ @ Nelson P.E. and Plattner R.D., Fumonisins, mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species: biology, chemistry and significance, Ann. Rev. Phytopath., 31, 233– 252 (1993) @No $ @ @ Seo J.A., Proctor R.H. and Plattner R.D., Characterization of four clustered and co- regulated genes associated with fumonisin biosynthesis in Fusarium verticillioides, Fun. Gen. Biol., 34, 155–65 (2001) @No $ @ @ Bluhm B.H., Flaherty J.E., Cousin M.A. and Woloshuk C.P., Multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of trichothecene- and fumonisin-producing species of Fusarium in cornmeal, J. Food Prot., 65, 1955–61 (2002) @No $ @ @ Danks C., Ostoja-Starzewska S., Flint J. and Banks J., The development of a lateral flow device for the discrimination of OTA producing and non-producing fungi, Aspects App.Biol., 68, 21–33 (2003) @No $ @ @ Paterson R.R.M., Archer S., Kozakiewicz Z., Lea A., Locke T. and O’Grady E., A gene probe for the patulin metabolic pathway with potential for use in patulin and novel disease control, Biocon. Sci. Tech., 10, 509–12 (2000) @No $ @ @ Boichenko L.V., Boichenko D.M., Vinokurova N.G., Reshetilova T.A. and Arinbasarov M.U., Screening for ergot alkaloid producers among microscopicfungi by means of the polymerase chain reaction, Microbiol., 70, 306–10 (2001) @No $ @ @ Miller J.D., Epidemiology of Fusarium ear diseases of cereals, in Miller J.D., and Trenholm H.L., Mycotoxins in Grain: Compounds other than Aflatoxin, St Paul MN, Egan Press, 19–36  (1994) @No $ @ @ Li S., Marquardt R.R. and Abramson D., Immunochemical detection of molds: a review, J. Food Prot., 63, 281–91 (2000) @No $ @ @ Delehanty J.B. and Ligler F.S., A microarray immunoassay for simultaneous detection of proteins and bacteria, Anal. Chem., 74, 5681–7 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kwak B.Y., Shon D.H., Kwon B.J., Kweon C.H. and Lee K.H., Detection of Aspergillus and Penicillium genera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a monoclonal antibody, J. Micro. Biotech., 11, 21–8 (2001) @No $ @ @ Brown D.W., McCormick S.P., Alexander N.J., Proctor R.H. and Desjardins A.E., Inactivation of a cytochrome P-450 is a determinant of trichothecene diversity in Fusarium species, Fun. Gen. Biol., 36, 224–33 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lévesque C.A., Molecular methods for detection of plant pathogens – what is the future? Can. J. Plant Path., 23,333–6 (2001) @No $ @ @ Banks J.N., Rizvi R.H., Barker I., Turner J.A., Rahman S. and Northway B.J., Specific monoclonal antibodies to Fusarium species and Microdochium nivale, Food Agric.Immun., 8, 249–68 (1996) @No $ @ @ Carzaniga R., Fiocco D., Bowyer P. and O’Connell R. J., Localisation of melanin in conidia of Alternaria alternata using phage display antibodies, MPMI, 15, 216–24 (2002) @No $ @ @ Konstantinova P., Bonants P.J.M., van Gent-Pelzer M.P.E.,van der Zouwen P. and van den Bulk R., Development of specific primers for detection and identification of Alternaria spp. in carrot material by PCR and comparison with blotter and plating assays, Mycol.Res., 106, 23–33 (2002) @No $ @ @ Umek R.M., Lin S.W., Vielmetter J., Terbrueggen R.H., Irvine B., Yu C.J., Kayyem J.F., Yowanto H., Blackburn G.F., Farkas D.H. and Chen Y.P., Electronic detection of nucleic acids – a versatile platform for molecular diagnostics, J. Mol. Diag., 3, 74–84 (2001) @No $ @ @ Knoll S., Mulfinger S., Niessen L. and Vogel R.F., Rapid preparation of Fusarium DNA from cereals for diagnostic PCR using sonification and an extraction kit, Plant Pathol., 51, 728–34 (2002) @No $ @ @ Parry D.W. and Nicholson  P., Development of a PCR assay to detect Fusarium poae in wheat, Plant Pathol., 45,383–91 (1996) @No $ @ @ Alexander N.J., Proctor R.H., McCormick S.P. and Plattner R.D., Genetic and molecular aspects of the biosynthesis of trichothecenes by Fusarium, Cer. Res. Comm., 25, 315–20 (1997) @No $ @ @ Brown D.W., McCormick S.P., Alexander N.J., Proctor R.H. and Desjardins A.E., A genetic and biochemical approach to study trichothecene diversity in Fusariumsporotrichioides and Fusarium graminearum, Fun. Gen. Biol., 32, 121–33 (2001) @No $ @ @ Nulé G., Primed-directed enzymatic amplication of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase, Appl. Env. Micro., 63, 1843–6 (2001) @No $ @ @ Nicholson P., Simpson D.R., Wilson A.H., Chandler E. and Thomsett M., Detection and differentiation of trichothecene and enniatin producing Fusarium species on small-grain cereals, European Journal of Plant Pathology.,59, 29-43(2004) @No $ @ @ Carter J.P., Rezanoor H.N., Holden D., Desjardins A.E., Plattner R.D. and Nicholson P., Variation in pathogenicity associated with the genetic diversity of Fusarium graminearum, Eur. J. Plant Path., 108, 573–83 (2002) @No $ @ @ Schmidt H., Ehrmann M., Vogel R.F., Taniwaki M.H. and Niessen L., Molecular typing of Aspergillus ochraceus and construction of species specific SCAR-primers based on AFLP, Syst. Appl. Micro., 26, 138–46 (2003) @No $ @ @ O’Brian G.R., Fakhoury A.M., and Payne G.A., Identification of genes differentially expressed during aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, Fun. Gen. Biol., 39, 118–27 (2003) @No $ @ @ Amoah B.K., MacDonald M.V., Rezanoor H.N. and Nicholson P., The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA technique to identify mating groups in the Fusarium section Liseola, Plant Pathol., 45, 115–25 (1996) @No $ @ @ Doohan F.M., Weston G., Rezanoor H.N., Parry D.W. and Nicholson P., Development and use of a reversen transcription-PCR assay to study expression of Tri5 by Fusarium species in vitro and in planta, Appl. Env. 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