Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary maltose level on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Five treatments, including control with three replicates with setup. Randomized distributed of fingerlings (mean weight, 2.1 ±0.2 g) were stocked in 30 fishes per tank, which attached with recycled water system comprising of mechanical filtration and aerated using air stones. The temperature was 27.5±0.25°C throughout the experimental period. Pellet of formulated-diets containing 0.0, 20, 25, 30 or 35% maltose was handed fed to apparent satiation twice daily at a rate of 5% of live body weight. The fishes were weighed once every 2 weeks during the experiment for 12 weeks. No casualty of Nile tilapia was recorded throughout the experiment. Fishes fed with 35 % maltose exhibited significantly higher growth performance; body weight and weight gain compared with control. The best specific growth rate (SGR) was obtained of fishes fed with feed E (1.44±0.04), but no significant difference compared with control, while fishes fed with feed B exhibited the lowest SGR value (1.34±0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) in fishes fed with 35% maltose (1.01±0.02) was greater than 20, 25 or 30% maltose (1.16 to 1.26). Although, fishes fed with 20% maltose exhibited the lowers FCR (1.26±0.03) compared to all groups, but it’s not different significantly compared to 35% maltose treated fish and control (1.07±0.01). This finding indicated that incorporation of maltose in fish diet had been efficiently utilized for Nile tilapia and contributed to their body-mass.

Abstract
The present study entitled ‘A Study on the Agricultural Mechanization in Karimnagar District of Andhra Pradesh’ had been initiated focusing on the knowledge, extent of use, attitude and documentation of farmers innovations in agricultural implements and machinery. In the present investigation we adopted the Ex post–facto research design. Karimnagar district of Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh state was purposively selected for the study as maximum budget is allotted by the Department of Agriculture, Government of Andhra Pradesh for this district among the other Telangana districts under farm mechanization. The study was conducted in 4 villages selected from 2 mandals of Karimnagar district, which included 30 farmers from each village which has selected for the study, 120 farmers of sample were selected for the study. Majority of the large farmers had high knowledge (57.5%) regarding agriculture implements and machinery followed by medium and small farmers (45%) had low and medium knowledge.

Abstract
The phyto-components of Calotropis procera Linn. Fruits were screened by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. Benzene extract was prepared by soxhlet exract from the fruits of C. procera. GC-MS running time for benzene extract of fruits of C. procera was 45 min. The total number of compounds identified in benzeneic extract was 39. The major phytoconstituents present were Lupenol (12.10), n-Hexadecanoic acid (12.07), Thymol (9.86), Tetratetracontane (6.88) and Linoleic acid (6.74) Many phytosterols were also present such as Stigmasterol (0.70), beta–sitosterol (0.54) and Campesterol (0.31)

Abstract
In our modern society word Cancer is becoming very common as various types of Cancer are effecting large population worldwide. Need of hour is to find the effective treatment of these cancers through research on different plants which can be a good source of components effective in its treatment. The state of uncontrolled growth of cell is Cancer. Various species of plants have been used in the preparation of drugs utilized for the treatment of malignant diseases. Phytochemicals are the chemical substances producing definite physiological action on human body. They found to have antioxidants which are also called free radical scavangers protecting the cells from different types of Cancer. In our studies we have selected six medicinal plants as Aegle marmelos (Leaves), Vernonia anthelmintica (Seeds), Zingiber officinalis (Rhizome), Tinospora cordifolia (Stem) and Phyllanthus acidus (Leaves) of Gujarat region which are reported to have role in cancer therapy due to the presence of different phytochemicals like phenolics, tannins, flavonoids etc. Aqueous and Organic extracts of different parts of these plants were prepared. Antioxidant activity was measured through DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay and antimicrobial activity through Agar Well Diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity was tested on some disease causing microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella typhii, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum. DPPH assay had revealed that organic extract of Vernonia anthelmintica and aqueous extract of Zingiber officinalis was found to have IC50 values 124 and 132 µg/ml respectively. Antimicrobial activity of different extracts had shown that maximum diameter of Zone of Inhibition (24mm at 1g/ml) was obtained with organic extract of Tinospora cordifolia. No antifungal activity was observed with any of the plant species extracts. It can be concluded from the studies that the extracts of all test six plants possessed significant antioxidant and antibacterial activities which conforms their role in cancer studies.

Abstract
Human migration due to environmental degradation produces environmental refugees which has become a burning issue now-a-days for many countries. Although it originates initially due to ecological disruptions, it creates various complex socio-economic problems. The objectives of this paper are to find out the causes of the rapid generation of environmental refugees, to discuss about the associated problems like rehabilitation, resettlement, social security, economic stability, and political conflict, role of governments as well as the NGOs and final recommendations to mitigate this problem. The study reveals that natural hazards like flood, earthquake, desertification etc., pollution and climate change due to anthropogenic activities like rapid industrialization and unplanned urban growth, construction of large developmental projects like dams are the main causes of the generation of environmental refugees. Changing consumption pattern, loss of biodiversity, deforestation, illegal poaching as well as trading of wild animals, population explosion, illiteracy, lack of food and safe drinking water etc., are the indirect causes of this problem. Some remedial measures are suggested to mitigate this problem. Those are: biodiversity conservation, proper disaster management plan, adoption of low carbon economy and green technology, afforestation and reforestation, sustainable development, conduction of EIA before any developmental project, providing legal protection, proper resettlement and suitable alternative employment to the affected people, conduction of awareness campaign and regular health check up etc.

Abstract
Internationally, there is an increasing call for in-depth and rigorous research to enhance the evidence-based practice of most of the practice professions. This article is reviewing various published articles on rigor of qualitative research and discusses on the various criteria presented in these articles to ensure credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability. For the purpose of this analysis, the author has selected five published articles those analyses rigor in qualitative research. Majority of these articles based their rigor criteria in the suggestions provided by Lincoln and Guba. In-depth analysis also shows that authors tried to develop further new parameters ensure the credibility of qualitative researches. Finally, the author is summarizing the major suggestions provided in these articles to ensure the rigor of qualitative research studies.

Abstract
Resource Management in a utility-based system such as cloud computing requires a careful observation of users demands and availability of resources. For optimal resource provisioning, an effective task/job scheduling is required which must guarantee fair chance to users and profit to service providers along with maximum utilization of resources. This paper presents a token-based scheduling mechanism which lines up tasks to resources in a fair manner based on a user’s token value. A user’s token is characterized by his/her SLA parameters, his/her duration in the task queue and the task’s nature, i.e. computation-intensive, memory-intensive or communication-intensive. Further, to ensure optimal usage to cloud’s resources, the token-based scheduling is complemented by a predictive scheduling which matches user’s demands with resource’s supply, and delays a task in case it’s demand is not currently fulfilled by a machine by giving preference to another task. The experimental results of the proposed work strengthen our claim of fairness, profitability and effective resource management.

Abstract
Clostridial dermatitis (CD) which was previously known with various names such as cellulitis, gangrenous dermatitis, malignant edema, spontaneous Clostridial myonecrosis etc. has come out as an emerging disease in Turkey bird farming. Gangrenous dermatitis was thought to be caused due to a number of organisms like Clostridium septicum, Clostridium perfringens type A, Clostridium sordelli, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus sp. But recently, more reports have been published in support of Clostridium spp. as the major causative agent of dermatitis. The clinical signs like reduced growth, deprived appetite, ataxia, and oedema in muscles of the lower abdomen and inner thighs are characteristics of this disease. Gross lesions includes excessive congested musculature accompanied by serosanguinuous fluid accumulation and emphysema. There were areas of areas of gas crepitation on breast and thighs muscles and sloughing of skin. Mortality in farms recorded to increase in 17-20 week age group of Turkey birds. From 2008, it has been continuously ranked under top three diseases issue of turkey farms of US. Because of mortality at marketing age, increase condemnation of carcass and expensive medicinal treatment, turkey farmers have to suffer significant economic loss. Therefore in this article we have tried to discuss the risk factors, prevention and control of disease by managemental means and recent development of vaccines and other possible strategic control measures. It can be noted that as this issue is relatively new to Turkey industry, so there is less availability of conclusive published articles and various essential research are ongoing in different labs.

Abstract
It is review paper and highlighting the importance of QTL Mapping in Crop plants. A QTL is defined as “a region of the genome or locus of gene that is associated with an effect on a quantitative trait”. It is coined by Gelderman . Conceptually, a QTL can be a single gene, or it may be a group of linked genes that affect the trait. QTL mapping based on linkage and marker trait association can be effectively used for gene pyramiding, germplasm screening of diversified material for abiotic (salinity, cold, salt, drought) and biotic stresses (disease, pest) etc. The identification and location of specific genes mediating quantitative characters is having great importance in plant breeding. Proper development and understanding of the statistical background is essential for QTL mapping. A quantitative trait which is controlled by several genes, all the genes having small effects, additive in nature and is more affected by environment. Molecular markers are used to map QTL’s. Mapping population includes F2, back crosses, recombinant inbred lines, and double haploids lines. Strong linkage disequilibrium at marker loci and allele of linked loci controlling the trait is essential feature of such type of population. QTL mapping is required Non-random mating populations. Objectives of QTL mapping is to offer direct mean to investigate the number of genes influencing the trait, to find out the location of the gene that affect traits of interest, to know the effect of genes on variation of the trait, to carry out study on linkage between genes of interest. The basic Principle is the co- segregation of marker locus and QTL together. Co-segregation is due to linkage between marker and QTL. Methods used for QTL mapping are single marker approach (SMA), simple interval mapping (SIM), composite interval mapping (CIM), multiple interval mapping(MIM). Various Factors affecting QTL mapping are number of genes controlling the target traits and their position, heritability of the traits, type and size of mapping population used in QTL mapping, type and number of markers in linkage maps, statistical method used.

Abstract
Poultry farming has become a remunerative business and pre-eminence over all other livestock enterprises in the developing countries. It carries a scope for quick and large profit. In recent years, backyard poultry production has been extremely emphasised in sustaining and enhancing rural livelihoods. In this farming, birds are kept in low-input and low- output system and can easily be managed by women and children of the households. Now-a-days as there is growing concern about meeting of per capita requirement of protein for rural citizens of India, poutry meat and especially eggs have been proved to be the best and cheapest solution to this. Though India has shown a tremendous growth in poultry production over decades, rural poultry farming is still lagging behind and always found neglected. As it is the best alternative for the small scale farmers to their subsidiary income with negligible input, this farming system needs an upliftment. Therefore the sole objective of this review is to focus on various aspects of backyard poultry farming in rural India including basic understandings, it’s advantages, different government schemes and some technical tips for better management practises which the authors think will raise more awareness among farmers ,researchers and Government organisations.

Abstract
Nowadays, demand for natural dyes has been growing rapidly due to increased awareness on hazardous, toxic and allergic reactions associated with synthetic dyes. Natural dyes are obtained from natural sources such as plants, insects and minerals. Among all the plant based dye sources i.e. bark, flowers, seeds etc. floral dye sources are more important for textile dyeing as it provides both dye as well as fragrance. This paper reviews the available floral dye sources, application and extraction of colourant from flowers and effect of different mordant.

Abstract
In the past, the use of natural colours such as Haldi, Kumkum, Sandal Powder, etc to celebrate Holi festival had a medical significance. However, now a day chemically produced industrial dyes have been used to take their place in the most parts of India. Lack of control over the quality and content of these synthetic colours leads to an adverse effect on all living beings. These colours are highly structured polymers and are very difficult to decompose biologically. The use of heavy metal based colour pigments is reported to cause water pollution. Many times, this polluted water gets mixed with sea water or other water resources. All these combined together is proving to be a substantial environmental threat. This study was taken up with an initiative to determine the extent of effects that the Holi colours have on water and to suggest the alternatives in order to save our environment. In this study the sample of waste water after Holi was tested in the laboratory for different physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, colour, turbidity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, heavy metal using standard methods. The results obtained were verified with permissible limits of World Health Organisation (WHO) in order to determine the effect of Holi colours on water and the calculated risk for all living beings.