@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Juvenoid activity of some non mulberry plant extractives through inhibition of chitin deposition in the integument of fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori  (L) (Race: PM x CSR2)<#LINE#>Khyade@VitthalraoB.,@KajalK.Shukla,Sarawade@JeevanP.<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>01.ISCA-ISC-2011-1AFS-01.pdf<#LINE#> Phytophagus insects derive nutrients and growth promoting biocompounds from the variable or specific flora available for them. The plants are the richest source of juvenile hormone analogues for phytophagus insects like silkworm, Bombyx mori (L). Fraction of plant derived insects juvenoids serve to take pause in the progression of metamorphosis through arresting some of the biochemical reactions including chitin synthesis or accelerating progression through other biochemical pathways in the larval body of insects. Ten microliters of each selected concentrations of acetone extractives of selected non mulberry flora (Vitis vinifera; Alstonia scholaris; Santalum album; Lantena camera; Syzyguim cumuni and Tectona grandis) were topically applied to individual larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race: PM x CSR2) at 48 hours after the fourth moult Body wall chitin of untreated control larvae; acetone treated control larvae and treated larvae was estimated at 120 hours after the fourth moult. Topical application of   selected concentrations of acetone extractives of selected non mulberry plants to fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race: PM x CSR2) was found effected into the reduction in the deposition of chitin in the larval body wall. This reduction in body wall chitin was found ranging from zero to ninety eight percent. The plot of concentrations of acetone extractives of plant and percent reduction in the body wall chitin was found exhibiting a characteristic S- form of displacement, which herewith titled as Punyamayee Dose Response Curve. Since the effects of juvenoids involve the inhibition of metamorphosis through reduction in chitin deposition, it is possible to express the concentration (dose) applied in terms of ID50 value. The ID50 value of juvenoid contents of selected non mulberry flora can be defined as the specific unit (microgram), which enable to chitin to deposit fifty percent less in the body wall of larvae ( In comparison with untreated control). Accordingly ,the ID50 values calculated from the Punyamayee Dose Response Curves for non mulberry plants : Vitis vinifera; Alstonia scholaris; Santalum album; Lantena camera; Syzyguim cumuni and Tectona grandis were found measured 1.27; 1.40; 2.325; 2.86;3.60 and 4.04 micrograms respectively. The variation in the ID50 values among the non mulberry flora for the fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race : PM x CSR2) in the study may be concerned with quantity of acetone soluble juvenoid contents of the plants. Acetone soluble juvenoid content of non mulberry flora may be utilized efficiently for the fortified development of fifth instars of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) and thereby, the cocoon quality. Sigmoid (S-form) Punyamayee Dose Response Curve may help for quantitative estimation of juvenoid contents of various plants.  <#LINE#>8/8/2011<#LINE#>25/12/2011<#LINE#> Phytophagus insects derive nutrients and growth promoting biocompounds from the variable or specific flora available for them. The plants are the richest source of juvenile hormone analogues for phytophagus insects like silkworm, Bombyx mori (L). Fraction of plant derived insects juvenoids serve to take pause in the progression of metamorphosis through arresting some of the biochemical reactions including chitin synthesis or accelerating progression through other biochemical pathways in the larval body of insects. Ten microliters of each selected concentrations of acetone extractives of selected non mulberry flora (Vitis vinifera; Alstonia scholaris; Santalum album; Lantena camera; Syzyguim cumuni and Tectona grandis) were topically applied to individual larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race: PM x CSR2) at 48 hours after the fourth moult Body wall chitin of untreated control larvae; acetone treated control larvae and treated larvae was estimated at 120 hours after the fourth moult. Topical application of   selected concentrations of acetone extractives of selected non mulberry plants to fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race: PM x CSR2) was found effected into the reduction in the deposition of chitin in the larval body wall. This reduction in body wall chitin was found ranging from zero to ninety eight percent. The plot of concentrations of acetone extractives of plant and percent reduction in the body wall chitin was found exhibiting a characteristic S- form of displacement, which herewith titled as Punyamayee Dose Response Curve. Since the effects of juvenoids involve the inhibition of metamorphosis through reduction in chitin deposition, it is possible to express the concentration (dose) applied in terms of ID50 value. The ID50 value of juvenoid contents of selected non mulberry flora can be defined as the specific unit (microgram), which enable to chitin to deposit fifty percent less in the body wall of larvae ( In comparison with untreated control). Accordingly ,the ID50 values calculated from the Punyamayee Dose Response Curves for non mulberry plants : Vitis vinifera; Alstonia scholaris; Santalum album; Lantena camera; Syzyguim cumuni and Tectona grandis were found measured 1.27; 1.40; 2.325; 2.86;3.60 and 4.04 micrograms respectively. The variation in the ID50 values among the non mulberry flora for the fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race : PM x CSR2) in the study may be concerned with quantity of acetone soluble juvenoid contents of the plants. Acetone soluble juvenoid content of non mulberry flora may be utilized efficiently for the fortified development of fifth instars of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) and thereby, the cocoon quality. Sigmoid (S-form) Punyamayee Dose Response Curve may help for quantitative estimation of juvenoid contents of various plants.  <#LINE#> @ @   Zaoral M. and Slama K., Peptides with juvenile hormone activity, Science, 170, 92-93 (1970) @No $ @ @ , 1-6 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci International Science Congress Association  5 2. Gopakumar, B., Ambika B. and Prabhu V.K.K., Juvenmimetic activity in some south Indian plants and their probable cause of this activity in Morus alba (L), Entomon, 2, 259 – 261 (1977) @No $ @ @ 3.  Slama K., Insect Hormones and anti-hormones in plants. Herbivores, their interaction with secondary plant metabolites (Eds. G.A. Rosenthal and D. H. Janzen; Academic Press, New York) 683-700 (1979) @No $ @ @ 4. Ajami, A. M. and Riddiford, L.M., Comparative metabolism of the cecropia juvenile hormone, J. Insect Physiol., 19, 635 – 646  (1973) @No $ @ @ 5.  Grenier and Grenier, Fenoxycarb a fairlynew growth regulator: a review of its effects on insects, Ann. App. Biol., 122, 369–403 (1983) @No $ @ @ 6.  Khyade V.B., Patil S.B.,  Khyade S.V. and Bhawane G.P., Influence of acetone maceratives of Vitis vinifera on the larval parameters of silk worm, Bombyx mori (L), Indian Journal of Comparative Animal Physiology, 20, 14-18 (2002) @No $ @ @ 7. Kamimura M. and Kiguchi M., Effect of juvenile hormone analogue on fifth stadium larvae of silk worm, Bombyx mori (L) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), Appl. Entomol. Zool. 33 (2), 333–338 (1980) @No $ @ @ 8. Baishya, R.L. and Hazarika, L.R., Effect of methoprene and diflubenzuron on water, lipid, protein and chitin of Dicladispa armigera (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), Entomon, 21 91(1), 7-11, (1996) @No $ @ @ 9. Calvez B., Hirn, M.and Reggi M., Progress of development programme during the last larval instar of Bombyx mori (L). Relationship with food intake, ecdyosteroids and juvenile hormone. Journal of Insect Physiology, 24 (4), 233–239, (1976) @No $ @ @ 0.  Jadhav G. and Kallapur V.L., Contribution of tissue protein to the cocoon shell in the fifth instar silk worm, Bombyx mori (L) (1989) @No $ @ @  Khyade V.B., Patil S.B., Khyade S.V. and Bhawane G.P., Influence of acetone maceratives of Vitis vinifera on the economic parameters of silk worm, Bombyx mori (L), Indian Journal of Comparative Animal Physiology, 21, 28–32, (2003) @No $ @ @ 2.  Khyade V.B., Influence of juvenoids on silk worm, Bombyx mori (L). Ph.D. Thesis, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India, (2004) @No $ @ @ 3. Ratnasen, How does juvenile hormone cause more silk yield, Indian Silk, 21-22, (1988) @No $ @ @ 4. Mamatha D.N., Nagalakshmma K. and Rajeshwara Rao M., Impact of selected Juvenile Hormone Mimics on the organic constituents of silk worm, Bombyx mori (L), (1999) @No $ @ @ 5. Khade V.B. and Ganga V. Mhamane, Vividh Vanaspati Arkancha Tuti Reshim Kitak Sangopanasathi Upyojana, Krishi Vdnyan, 4, 18-22 (2005) @No $ @ @ 6. Khyade V.B., Poonam B., Patil M., Jaybhay Rasika R., Gaikwad Ghantaloo U.S., Vandana D. Shinde, Kavita H., Nimbalkar and Sarwade J.P., Use of digoxin for improvement of economic parameters in silk worm, Bombyx mori (L),  Bioinfrmatics (Zoological Society of India), (2007) @No $ @ @ 7. Krishnaswami S., Narasimhana M.N., Suryanarayana S.K. and Kumaraj S., Sericulture Manual–11 : Silk worm Rearing. F A O, United Nation’s Rome, 131 (1978) @No $ @ @ 8. Riddiford L.M., Hormone action at cellular level. In: Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, G. A. Kerkut and L.I. Gilbert (Eds.), 8, 37-64 (1985) @No $ @ @ 19. Riddiford L.M., Cellular and molecular actions of Juvenile hormone: General consideration and premeta- morphic actions, J. Adv. Insect Physiology, 24, 213-214 (1994) @No $ @ @ 0.  Sehnal F. and Rambold H., Brain stimulation and juvenile hormone production in insect larvae. Experentia. 44, 684-685 (1985) @No $ @ @ 1. Norman, T. J. and Baily (1955) @No $ @ @  Statistical Methods 22. Omana Joy and Shyamala M.B., Non-spinning syndrome in silk worm: Occurrence and Pathology. Research paper presented for National Seminar on silk research and development, Banglore, India, (1983) @No $ @ @ 3. Prabhu V.K.K., John M. and Ambika B., Juvenile hormone activity in some south Indian plants, Current Science, 42,     72-726 (1973) @No $ @ @ 4. Slama K., Plant as source material with insect hormone activity. Ent. Exp. Appl., 12, 721-728 (1969) @No $ @ @ 5. Slama K., Insect juvenile hormone analogues. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 40, 1079-1102 (1971) @No $ @ @ 6. Slama K., Romanuk M. and Sorm F., Insect hormones and Bioanalogues. Springer Verlag, Wein and New York, (1974) @No $ @ @ 7.  Slama K., Pharmacology of Insect Juvenile Hormones. In: Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, (Eds. G. A. Kerkut and L. I. Gilbert). 11, 357-394 (1985) @No $ @ @ 8.  Williams C.M., The Juvenile Hormone of Insects, Nature, 178, 212-213 (1956) @No $ @ @ , 1-6 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci International Science Congress Association  6 Table-2 Influence of acetone extractives of selected plants in the chitin content of body wall of  fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) ( PM x CSR2) Plant V. vinifera A. Scholaris S. Album L. Camera S. cumini T. grandis Sr. No. X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y 1. 0.00 16.895 (+3.447) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.00 16.895 (+3.447) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.00 16.895 (+3.447) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.000 16.895 (+3.447) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.000 16.895 (+3.447) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.24 16.895 (+3.447) @No $ @ @ 0.000 2. 0.02 16.895 (+3.786) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.06 16.813 (+3.438) @No $ @ @ 0.485 0.16 16.303 (+3.872) @No $ @ @ 3.504 0.18 16.895 (+4.376) @No $ @ @ 0.000 0.20 16.811(+3.912) @No $ @ @ 0.497 0.26 16.810(+4.913) @No $ @ @ 0.503 3. 0.04 16.811(+2.821) @No $ @ @ 0.497 0.08 16.472(+4.301) @No $ @ @ 2.503 0.18 15.627(+3.631) @No $ @ @ 7.977 0.20 16.557(+4.391) @No $ @ @ 2.000 0.22 16.726(+3.957) @No $ @ @ 1.000 0.28 16.642(+4.546) @No $ @ @ 1.497 4. 0.06 16.557(+3.634) @No $ @ @ 2.000 0.10 14.841(+3.664) @No $ @ @ 2.157 0.20 13.561(+3.293) @No $ @ @ 19.733 0.22 16.050(+3.876) @No $ @ @ 001 0.24 16.557(+3.916) @No $ @ @ 2.000 0.30 16.472(+3.021) @No $ @ @ 2.503 5. 0.08 15.959 (+3.312) @No $ @ @ 40 0.12 11.644 (+3.912) @No $ @ @ 31.080 0.22 10.365 (+2.734) @No $ @ @ 38.650 0.24 15.458 (+4.062) @No $ @ @ 8.505 0.26 16.303 (+3.989) @No $ @ @ 3.503 0.32 16.134 (+3.786) @No $ @ @ 4.504 6. 0.10 12.762 (+3.649) @No $ @ @ 4.462 0.14 8.447 (+2.953) @No $ @ @ 50.002 0.24 7.169 (+1.378) @No $ @ @ 57.567 0.26 12.603 (+3.751) @No $ @ @ 25.403 0.28 15.966 (+4.063) @No $ @ @ 5.498 0.34 15.458 (+3.412) @No $ @ @ 8.505 7. 0.12 9.735 (+1.081) @No $ @ @ 42.379 0.16 5.251 (+0.864) @No $ @ @ 8.919 0.26 3.979 (+0.541) @No $ @ @ 6.448 0.28 9.406 (+2.348) @No $ @ @ 44.326) 0.30 15.374 (+3.907) @No $ @ @ 9.002 0.36 14.445 (+3.594) @No $ @ @ 14.501 8. 0.14 4.801 (+1.423) @No $ @ @ 1.583 0.18 2.054 (+0.908) @No $ @ @ 87.842 0.28 1.942 (+0.072) @No $ @ @ 88.505 0.30 6.209 (+2.081) @No $ @ @ 63.249 0.32 14.529 (+4.149) @No $ @ @ 14.004 0.38 12.283 (+3.521) @No $ @ @ 27.298 9. 0.16 2.854 (+0.172) @No $ @ @ 3.107 0.20 1.352 (+0.523) @No $ @ @ 91.997 0.30 1.267 (+0.069) @No $ @ @ 92.500 0.32 3.013 (+0.876) @No $ @ @ 2.166 0.34 11.644 (+3.248) @No $ @ @ 31.080 0.40 9.086 (+1.485) @No $ @ @ 46.221 10. 0.18 1.689 (+0.327) @No $ @ @ 4.084 0.22 0.844 (+0.019) @No $ @ @ 95.004 0.32 0.761 (+0.009) @No $ @ @ 95.495 0.34 1.605 (+0.469) @No $ @ @ 0.500 0.36 8.447 (+1.218) @No $ @ @ 50.002 0.42 5.891 (+0.497) @No $ @ @ 65.131 11. 0.20 1.013 (+0.249) @No $ @ @ 4.004 0.24 0.506 (+0.037) @No $ @ @ 7.005 0.34 0.422 (+0.003) @No $ @ @ 7.507 0.36 1.014 (+0.019) @No $ @ @ 3.998 0.38 5.251 (+0.823) @No $ @ @ 8.919 0.44 2.693 (+0.628) @No $ @ @ 84.060 12. 0.22 0.506 (+0.047) @No $ @ @ 7.005 0.26 0.338 (+0.002) @No $ @ @ 7.999 0.36 0.421 (+0.008) @No $ @ @ 97.508 0.38 0.591 (+0.007) @No $ @ @ 96.501 0.40 2.054 (+0.671) @No $ @ @ 87.842 0.46 1.267 (+0.077) @No $ @ @ 92.500 13. 0.24 0.3379 +0.096) 98.00 0.28 0.338 (+0.001) @No $ @ @ 97.999 0.38 0.421 (+0.011) @No $ @ @ 97.508 0.40 0.379 (+0.009) @No $ @ @ 97.756 0.42 0.845 (+0.032) @No $ @ @ 94.998 0.48 0.591 (+0.006) @No $ @ @ 96.501 14. 0.26 0.337 (+0.091) @No $ @ @ 8.0   0.40 0.421 (+0.017) @No $ @ @ 97.508 0.42 0.379 (+0.002) @No $ @ @ 97.576 0.44 0.338 (+0.011) @No $ @ @ 97.999 0.50 0.423 (+0.008) @No $ @ @ 97.496 15. 0.28 0.377 (+0.098) @No $ @ @ 98.0     0.44 0.379 (+0.005) @No $ @ @ 97.756 0.46 0.338 (+00.007) 97.999 0.52 0.423 (+0.003) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Mahseer Fishes of River Barak, Jatinga, Dholeswari and Ganol in North East India<#LINE#>Hussain@BarbhuiyaAnjam<#LINE#>5<#LINE#>02.ISCA-ISC-2011-2AVFS-06.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Zoology, Don Bosco College, Tura, Meghalaya, INDIA  <#LINE#>25/9/2011<#LINE#>31/12/2011<#LINE#> Ichthyofauna and limnology of the river Barak, Jatinga, Dhaleswari and Ganol in north east India has been investigated. 111 species of fishes including five species of mahseer were recorded from the four rivers. The limnological parameters did not show much abrupt fluctuation with temperature of air 25-300C, Water 24-260C, pH 6.56-9.58, Conductivity 63-165.63 �mho/cm, Dissolved Oxygen 5.42-7.61 mg/l, Free CO2 7.25-28.47 mg/l, Total Alkalinity 20-121.95 mg/l. Except the major water quality like pH and dissolved oxygen all the other parameter supports mahseer fishery in these rivers mainly in Ganol and Barak.  <#LINE#> @ @   WCMC., Freshwater Biodiversity: A Preliminary Gobal Assessment. A Document prepared for the 4th Meeting of the Conference of the Practices to the Convention of Biological Diversity, World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998) @No $ @ @   Devi M. M. and Ramanujam S. N., Ichthyodiversity of Meghalaya, Lake 2008, Conservation and management of River and Lake ecosystems (2008) @No $ @ @   NBFGR., Manual on Habitat Inventory. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (ICAR) (Lucknow), 27 (2000) @No $ @ @   APHA., Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association (USA), 1193 (1995) @No $ @ @   APHA., Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, (20th ed.), American Public Health Association, Washington DC, 2605 (1998) @No $ @ @   Jayaram, K. C., the Freshwater Fishes of the Indian Region, Narendra Publishing House (Delhi), 551 (1999) @No $ @ @   Jayaram, K. C., the Freshwater Fishes of the Indian Region. Narendra Publishing House (Delhi) pp. 616, (2010) @No $ @ @   Menon A.G.K., Checklist: Freshwater Fishes of India, Occasional Paper No. 175, Zoological Survey of India (Calcutta), pp. xviii + 366 (1999) @No $ @ @    IUCN., The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/search&#x0000; (2010) @No $ @ @ , 7-16 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Chem.Sci.  International Science Congress Association  14 Table-4  Habitat Inventory of River Ganol at different study sites Sl No. Habitat parameters Ranggolwari Balkawari Chibragre Goiragre 1 Stream order 2nd  order 2nd  order 1st   order 1st  order 2 Position 25�33'37.11"N 90�11'38.01"E 25�33'48.01"N 90�12'15.69"E 25�34'57.85"N 90�13'42.38"E 25�34'48.99"N 90�14'45.60"E 3 Altitude above m.s.l. (m) 288 162 320 320 4 Valley segment Alluvial Colluvial Colluvial Colluvial 5 Microhabitat type Mainly runs and Backwater pools with occasional riffles. Occasional riffles, Back water pool and mid-channel pool Fast water with much strong riffles with occasional pools. Fast water with much strong riffles with occasional pools. 6 Mean Width (m) 35-45 38-45 25-30 30-35 7 Mean Depth (m) 1.5-2  1.5-2 2-3 1.5-2 8 Cover type Overhanging vegetation, turbulence, turbidity, undercut bank and depth cover. Overhanging Vegetation, Bottom free boulders, undercut bank and turbulence. Overhanging vegetation, Boulders, Cobbles and Depth cover. Depth cover, overhanging Vegetation, bottom free big boulders and undercut bank. 9 Substrate type Few bed rock, boulder, cobbles, fine and sand. Mainly bedrocks and boulders. Sand,  Boulder and few bed rocks. Mainly bedrock, Boulders, cobbles and boulders. 10 Riparian land use Human habitation forests and horticulture Human habitation and forests. Human habitation Forests and tourist spot. Human habitation and forests. 11 Signs of erosion Visible Less. Visible Much 12 Water current (m/s) 0.12 0.2 0.3 0.15  Table 5 Comparison of abiotic factors of studied rivers with that of other rivers in India supporting mahseer populations.Parameters  Rivers Water temp  (0c) Turbidity (NTU) pH Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) Free CO2 (mg/l) Total alkalinity (mg/l) Conductivity �mho/cm Phosphate (mg/l) Nitrate (mg/l) Current velocity (m/s) Ganga (2004) @No $ @ @ 9.5 23.5 7.55 - - - - - - 0.7 Sutlej (1994) @No $ @ @ 23 - 7.9 9.02 - 102 296 0.0067 0.135 0.14 Alakananda (1994) @No $ @ @ 75 496.48 7.7 9.39 0.89 39.22 78.75 0.067 0.08 1.34 Bhagirathi (1994) @No $ @ @ 9 173.9 - - - 80.7 - - - 2.15 Bilangana (1994) @No $ @ @ 2.4 175.05 7.3 12.3 1.85 30 75 0.056 0.09 2.1 Jia Bharali (1984) @No $ @ @ 21 - 7.3 10.45 3 34 - - - - Mat (2002) @No $ @ @ 26 6 8.62 6 2.5 12.2 161 - - - Jatinga (2002) @No $ @ @ 24 16.8 7.31 8.53 23.33 40 126 - - - Barak (2002) @No $ @ @ 5 71 6.95 7.05 42 101.5 110.5 - - - Dhaleswari (2002) @No $ @ @ 8.5 104 6.59 7.25 3 47.5 164 - - - Barak (2008) @No $ @ @ , 7-16 (2012) @No $ @ @ , 7-16 (2012) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Comparative age and growth of Indian major Carp (catla catla ham. 1822) in Selected water bodies of Southern Rajasthan, India<#LINE#>N.C.@Ujjania<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>03.ISCA-ISC-2011-2AVFS-12.pdf<#LINE#> Dept of Aquatic Biology, Veer Narmad South Gujarat Uni. UM Road, Surat, Gujarat, INDIA  <#LINE#>25/9/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> In present paper, growth performance of Indian major carp (Catla catla, Ham. 1822) was studied using key scales in three different sized water bodies namely Mahi Bajaj Sagar (MBS), Survania Dam (SD) and Aasan Pond (AP) situated in the tribal dominated Banswara district of Rajasthan. The annual rings or annuli (+6 to +7) and growth data in samples were observed and used to estimate selected growth parameters. High value of correlation coefficient ‘r’ 0.946 (MBS), 0.912 (SD) and 0.911 (AP) evident and speak for strong correlation in total length of fish and scale radius. The growth parameters such as Index of species average size (�h) 12.515, 11.557 and 11.000, Index of weight growth (�Cw) 96.610, 103.126 and 87.554 for MBS, SD and AP respectively were computed. Growth performance estimation in this study on the basis of key scales exhibited that growth of carps in the water bodies of southern Rajasthan could be divided into two phases: the first, phase of sexual immaturity, which lasts up to two years and second, phase of sexual maturity.   <#LINE#> @ @  Mitra G.N., Rate of growth in the first year of life of Labeo rohita and Catla catla in the different districts of Orissa, Proc. Sci. Congr., 29(3), 159 (1942) @No $ @ @  Jhingran V.G., General length-weight relationship of three major carps of India, Inst. Sci. India (B), 18(5), 449 – 460 (1952) @No $ @ @ , 17-22 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci.    International Science Congress Association  21 3. Chugnovas N.I., Handbook for the study of age and growth of fishes, The National Science Foundation, Washington, 132 (1963) @No $ @ @ 4. Van O., The skin and scales, In The physiology of  ishes Vol. I (Ed. Brown, M.E.), NY Academic press, 207 – 244 (1957) @No $ @ @ 5. De D.K. and Datta N.C., Age, growth, length-weight relationship and relative condition in Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha (Ham.) from Hooghly Estuarine System, Indian J. Fish, 37(3), 199-209 (1990) @No $ @ @ 6. Johal M.S. and Kingra J.S., Growth parameters of Catla catla (Ham.), Him. J. Env. Zool, 6, 1-6 (1992) @No $ @ @ 7. Singh Shailendra, Sharma L.L. and Saini V.P., Age growth and harvestable size of Labeo rohita (Ham.) from the lake Jaisamand, Rajasthan, India, Indian J. Fish, 45(2) 169-175 (1998) @No $ @ @ 8. Seshappa G., Recent studies on age determination of Indian fishes using scales, otoliths and other hard parts, Indian J. Fish., 46(1), 1-11 (1999) @No $ @ @ 9. Ricker W.E., Growth rates and models. In: Fish Physiology, Vol. VIII (Eds. W.S. Hora, D. R. Randal and J. R. Brett), Academic Press NY, 677-743 (1979) @No $ @ @ 0. Menon M.D., The determination of age and growth of fishes of tropical and subtropical waters. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 51(3), 623-635 (1953) @No $ @ @  Jhingran V.G., Age determination of Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) by means of scales, Nature, London 179, 468-469 (1957) @No $ @ @ 2. Jhingran V.G., Studies on the age and growth of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) from the river Ganga, Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. India, 25B 3, 107-137 (1959) @No $ @ @ 3. Jhingran V.G., Derivation of average length of different age groups in the fishes. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 26(1), 3073-3076 (1969) @No $ @ @ 4. Kamal M.Y., Studies on the age and growth of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) from commercial catches at Allahabad, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India 35B (1), 72-92 (1969) @No $ @ @ 5. Natarajan A.V., Desai V.R. and Mishra D. N., On the natural occurrence of inter-generic Catla-Rohu Hybrid in Rihand (Uttar Pradesh) with an account of its potential role in reservoir fisheries development in India, J. Inland Fish. Soc. India, 8, 83-90 (1976) @No $ @ @ 6. Jhingran V.G. and Khan H.A., Synopsis of biological data on the mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822) @No $ @ @ , FAO Fish, Syn, 70 (1979) @No $ @ @ 7. Khandker N. A. and Haque K.A. Determination of age of carp Labeo rohita by scale method, The Dacca Univ. Stud., 15-20 (1970) @No $ @ @ 18. Johal M.S. and Tandon K.K. Age and growth of the carp Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) @No $ @ @ from the northern India, Fish. Res. 14, 83-90 (1992) @No $ @ @ 19. Johal M.S. and Tandon K.K., Age growth and length-weight relationship of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala (Pisces) from Sukhna Lake Chandigarh (India), Vestn. Cesk. Spol. Zool, 47, 87-98 (1983) @No $ @ @ 0. Prakash Shree and Gupta R.A., Studies on the comparative growth rates of three major carps of the Govindgarh Lake, Ind. J. Fish. 33(1), 45-53 (1986) @No $ @ @ 1. Singh Deepak and Sharma R.C., Age and growth of a Himalayan teleost Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray) from the Garhwal Hills (India), Fish. Res.  24: 321-329 (1995) @No $ @ @  Ujjania N.C., Some aspect of fishery and biology of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus P.) in Jaisamand Lake, Udaipur. M. Sc. Thesis, Rajasthan Agriculture University, Bikaner (1997) @No $ @ @ 3. Jain M.K., Biology and Fisheries of Indian major carps from Siliserh reservoir Alwar, Rajasthan. Ph.D. Thesis Maharana Pratap Univrsity of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (2000) @No $ @ @ 4. Deepak P.K., Sarkar U.K., Negi R.S. and Paul S.K., Age and Growth profile of Indian major carps Catla catla from rivers of Northern India, Acta Zool. Sinica 54(1), 136-143 (2008) @No $ @ @ 5. Hamilton B., An account of the fishes found in the Ganga and its branches, Edinburgh, 405 (1822) @No $ @ @ 6. Bagenal T.B. and Tesch F. W., Age and growth. In: methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters, IBP Hand book No. 3 (Eds. T.B. Bagenal), 3rd edition, Blackwell Scientific Publication Ltd, Oxford: 101-136 (1978) @No $ @ @ 27. Balon E.K.,A short methodological outline for production survey of freshwater fish population (with example from Lake Kariba), UNDP/FAO, Central Fisheries Research Institute, Zambia, 1-18 (1971) @No $ @ @ 28. Tandon K.K. and Johal M.S., Occurrence of the phenomenon of growth compensation in Indian major carps,  Indian J. fish, 30(1), 180 182 (1983) @No $ @ @ , 17-22 (2012) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Bird distribution along environmental gradients In North Bandung, West Java<#LINE#>@FardilaD.,R.@SjarmidiA.<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>04.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-40.pdf<#LINE#><#LINE#>30/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> Bird distribution and abundance were studied along environmental gradients from urban areas to forested habitats in North Bandung, West Java. Bird and habitat data were collected from 192 sampling points between May 2006 and April 2007. The relationship of bird assemblage patterns and species distribution with habitat and land cover attributes was explored by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). We further tested whether particular attributes of bird assemblages such as the relative abundance of ground gleaners, tree foragers, omnivores, insectivores, generalist and endemic species were linked to environmental attributes. The assemblage measures were compared with the environmental gradients and with the environmental variables from which those gradients were derived using bivariate plots, correlations and distance weighted LS regression. Canonical correspondence analyses revealed that forest land use, tree canopy cover and altitude were important factors affecting bird distributions in the study site. Moving south to lower altitude along the gradient to urban areas with more intensive land use, human-tolerant species were encountered more often, and absolute abundance of omnivores and ground gleaners increased. Bird diversity and total bird abundance peaked in forested habitats, as did the absolute abundances of tree foragers, insectivores and endemic species. Thus, habitat, land use and landscape variables acted in concert to shape bird distribution in North Bandung region.    <#LINE#> @ @  Orians G.H. and Wittenberger J.F., Spatial and temporal scales in habitat selection, American Naturalist, 137, 29-49 (1991) @No $ @ @  Wiens J.A. and Rotenberry J.T., Habitat associations and community structure of birds in shrubsteppe environments, Ecol. Monogr., 51, 21-41 (1981) @No $ @ @  Rice J., Anderson B.W. and Ohman R.D., Comparison of the importance of different habitat attributes to avian community organization, J. Wildl. Manage., 48, 895-911 (1984) @No $ @ @  Cleary D.F.R., Genner M.J., Boyle T.J.B., Setyawati T., Angraeti C.D. and Menken S.B.J., Dependence of bird species richness and composition upon local- and large-scale environmental factors in Borneo, Landscape Ecology, 20, 989-1001 (2005) @No $ @ @  Vitousek P.M., Mooney H.A., Lubchenco J. and Melillo J.M., Human domination of Earth's ecosystems, Science, 277, 494-499 (1997) @No $ @ @  Sala O.E., Chapin F.S., Armesto J.J., Berlow E., Bloomfield J., Dirzo R., Huber-Sanwald E., Huenneke L.F., Jackson R.B., Kinzig A., Leemans R., Lodge D.M., Mooney H.A., Oesterheld M., Poff N.L., Sykes M.T., Walker B.H., Walker M. and Wall D.H., Biodiversity: Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100, Science, 287, 1770-1774 (2000) @No $ @ @  Melles S.J., Urban bird diversity as an indicator of human social diversity and economic inequality in Vancouver, British Columbia, Urb. Hab., 3, 25-48 (2005) @No $ @ @  Robbins C.S., Dawson D.K. and Dowell B.A., Habitat area requirements of breeding forest birds of the middle Atlantic states, Wildlife Monographs, 103, 3-34 (1989) @No $ @ @  Blair R.B., Land use and avian diversity along an urban gradient, Ecological Application, 6, 506-519 (1996) @No $ @ @  Clergeau P., Savard J.L., Mennechez G. and Falardeau G., Bird abundance and diversity along an urban�rural gradient: A comparative study between two cities on different continents,  The Condor, 100, 413�425 (1998) @No $ @ @  Marzluff J.M., Bowman R. and Donnelly R., A historical perspective on urban bird research: Trends, terms, and approaches, In: Marzluff J.M., Bowman R. and Donnelly R. (eds.), Avian conservation and ecology in an urbanizing world, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston (2001) @No $ @ @  Chace J.F. and Walsh J.J., Urban effects on  native avifauna:A review, Landsc, Urban Plann., 74, 46� 69  (2006) @No $ @ @  McDonnell M.J., Pickett S.T.A. and Pouyat R.B., The application of the ecological gradient paradigm to the study of urban effects, In: McDonnell M.J. and Pickett S.T.A. (eds.), Humans as components of ecosystems, Springer-Verlag, New York (1993) @No $ @ @  Ruswandi A., Rustiadi E. and Mudikdjo K., Konversi lahan pertanian dan dinamika perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kawasan Bandung Utara, Jumal Tanah dan Lingkungan, 9(2), 63-70 (2007) @No $ @ @  Bibby C.J., Burgess N.D. and Hill D.A., Bird census techniques, Academy Press, London (1992) @No $ @ @ , 23-32 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci   International Science Congress Association  31 16. MacKinnon  J.K.,  Phillipps K. and van Balen B., Seri  Panduan Lapangan Burung-Burung di  Sumatera, Jawa, Bali dan Kalimantan, Pusat  Penelitian  Biologi LIPI, Bogor (1994) @No $ @ @ 7. van Helvort B., A Study on Bird Populations in the Rural Ecosystem of West Java Indonesia, Department of Agriculture Wageningen University, Wageningen (1981) @No $ @ @ 8. Mueller-Dombois D. and Ellenberg H., Aims and methods of vegetation ecology, Wiley, New York (1974) @No $ @ @ 19. Ter Braak C.J.F., Canonical correspondence analysis: a new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis, Ecology, 67, 1167-1179 (1986) @No $ @ @ 0. Palmer M.W., Putting things in even better order: The advantages of canonical correspondence analysis, Ecology, 74, 2215-2230 (1993) @No $ @ @ 1. Kent M. and Coker P., Vegetation description and analysis: A practical approach, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1992) @No $ @ @  Allen A.P. and O’Connor R.J., Interactive effects of land use and other factors on regional bird distributions, Journal of Biogeography, 27, 889-900 (2000) @No $ @ @ 3. Croci S., Butet A. and Clergeau P., Does Urbanization filter birds on the basis of their biological traits?, The Condor, 110(2), 223-240 (2008) @No $ @ @ 4. Palomino D. and Carrascal L.M., Urban influence on birds at a regional scale: A case study with the avifauna of northern Madrid province, Landscape and Urban Planning, 77, 276–290 (2006) @No $ @ @ 5. Sekercioglu C.H., Ehrlich P.R., Daily G.C., Aygen D., Goehring D. and Figeroa-Sandi R., Disappearance of insectivorous birdsfrom tropical forest fragments, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 99, 263-267 (2002) @No $ @ @ 6. Diaz L., Influences of forest type and forest structure on bird communities in oak and pine woodlands in Spain, Forest Ecology and Management, 223, 54-65 (2006) @No $ @ @ 7. Thiollay J.M., Structure, density and rarity in Amazonian rainforest bird community, Tropical Ecology, 40, 449-481 (1994) @No $ @ @ 8. Fernandez-Juricic E. and Jokimaki J., A habitat island approach to conserving birds in urban landscapes: Case studies from southern and northern Europe, Biodiversity and Conservation, 10, 2023-2043 (2001) @No $ @ @ 29. Rapport D.J., Regier H.A. and Hutchinson T.C., Ecosystem behavior under stress, American Naturalist, 125, 617-640 (1985) @No $ @ @ 0. Lampila P., Monkkonen M. and Desrochers A., Demographic Responses by Birds to Forest Fragmentation, Conservation Biology, 19(5), 1537-1546 (2005) @No $ @ @ , 23-32 (2012) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Some growth studies on hyper EPS producing synechococcus spp. From different Industrial and coastal regions of Gujarat, India<#LINE#>H.@Sukhadia,H.@Bhatt,@DaveM.,S.@Sharma<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>05.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-63.pdf<#LINE#> Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, INDIA  <#LINE#>19/11/<#LINE#>1/1/2012<#LINE#> Cyanobacteria are simplest form of algae, a representing of plant kingdom. They are widely distributed over land, water and often in environments where no other vegetation can exists. They've also distinction of being the oldest known fossils and account almost 8% of total population of bacteria in water bodies. Polysaccharides are renewable resources representing an important class of polymeric materials of biotechnological interest, offering a wide variety of potentially useful products to mankind. Extracellular polysaccharide of microbial origin have a novel functionality, reproducible physico-chemical properties, stable cost and supply, and so are better alternative to polysaccharides of plant and higher algal origin. Cyanobacteria are better suited than macro algae or higher plants, since they exhibit high growth rate and are more amenable to manipulation of conditions for enhancing growth or EPS production. Synechococcus spp. was isolated from different coastal and industrial regions of Gujarat and its growth kinetics were studied by using internationally recommended medium at various light intensities and production of the Exopolysaccharides was carried out under controlled growth conditions. Qualitative and quantitative estimations of total carbohydrates and proteins were carried out using Duboi’s method and Folin-lowrey’s method respectively. Total carbohydrates and proteins  concentrations were measured at regular time interval of 5 days and gradual increase in concentration (Ranging from 539 �g/l to 588 �g/l ) of carbohydrates and (Ranging from 72 �g/l to 109 �g/l ) of proteins were found  between 25 to 38 days. SDS-PAGE was carried out for further identification of proteins and two moieties of proteins were found having molecular weight of 65 kDa and 30 kDa respectively.   <#LINE#> @ @  De philippis R., Margheri M.C., Materassi R. and Vincenzini M., Potential of unicellular cyanobacteria from saline environments as exopolysaccharide producers. Appl. Environ. Microbiology, 64:1130-1332 (1998) @No $ @ @  Desikachary T. V., ‘Cyanophyta’, Indian council of agriculture Research, New Delhi (1989) @No $ @ @  Castenholtz R.W., Phylum BX. Cyanobacteria Oxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria, In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Volume 1 The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototropic Bacteria. Second Edition. G. Garrity, D. R. Boone, and R. W. Castenholtz (eds.) Springer-Verlag, New York (2001) @No $ @ @ , 33-40 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci   International Science Congress Association  40 4. Castenholtz, R. W. Species usage, concept, and evolution in the cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Journal of Phycology 28,737-745 (1992) @No $ @ @ 5. Allen M.M., Simple conditions for growth of unicellular blue green algae on plates. J. Phycol, 4,1-4 (1968) @No $ @ @ 6. Allen M.M. and R.Y. Stanier, Selective isolation of blue-green algae from water and soil. J. Gen. Microbial, 51, 203-209, 26 (1968) @No $ @ @ 7. Shah V., Garg, N., Madamwar, D., Exopolysaccharide production by a marine cyanobacterium cyanothece spp  Application in dye removal by its gelation phenomenon, Applied Biochem. Biotechnology, 82, 81-90 (1999) @No $ @ @ 8. B.D. Kaushik, 2011 Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, BTBT-2011 9. Shah V., Ray, A. and Madamwar D., Characterization of the extracellular polysaccharide produced by a marine cyanobacterium, cyanothecea spp. ATCC 51142 and its exploitation toward metal removal from solutions. Current Microbial. 40: 274-278 (2000) @No $ @ @  Shah V., Garg N. and Madamwar D., ‘record of the cyanobacteria present in the Hamisar pond of Bhujm India’, Act. Bot. Mala, 25: 175-180 (2000) @No $ @ @  Stanier R.Y. and Cohen-Bazire G., Phototrophic Prokaryotes: The Cyanobacteria. Annual Review of Microbiology 31:225-274 (1977) @No $ @ @  A.P.H.A., Standard methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater’s, American Public Health Association, New York, USA, 19th Edition 13. Dubois M., Gilles  K.A., Hamilton J.K., Rebers, P.A., smith F., Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances, Anal. Chem. 28, 350-356 (1956) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Performance Evaluation of Reed Grass (Phragmites karka) in Constructed Reed Bed System (CRBs) on Domestic sludge, Ujjain city, India<#LINE#>Sushil@Manderia<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>06.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-65.pdf<#LINE#> School of Studies in Environment Management, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, INDIA  <#LINE#>21/11/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> Proper utilization and disposal of solid waste specially domestic sludge was one of the most critical problem facing in city because domestic sludge is dump on outskirts of city without any treatment. Reed bed technology was based on ecological principles for management and disposal of domestic sludge. Experimental set up was formulated for treatment / conversion of complex organic matter into simple organic compound. The size of cemented tank used for sludge treatment were 3.5 ft length x 2.0 ft breadth and 3.0 ft depth for constructed reed bed system (CRBs). The CRBs was composed of a gravel bed supported below on a layer of pubbled, local clay. CRBs was planted with locally grown grass, Phragmites karka. Performance of reed in CRBs for domestic waste was evaluated for removal efficiency of some physico-chemical parameters. Plants placed in this rectangular design at the rate of 6 to 8 plants per tank and parameters assessed before and after 15 days of intervals i.e. pH, conductivity, salinity, organic carbon, organic matter, total kzeldhal nitrogen (TKN), organic nitrogen (Org.-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4−N), and available phosphorus (Av.-P), total phosphorus (T-P) while plant parameters fresh & dry weight of root, shoot, whole plant biomass and TKN in oven dry tissue. Removal rates were analysed as  TOC (48%), TKN (61%), NH4−N (50%), NO3−N (58%) and total phosphorus (65%) respectively. The overall results established that it’s very cost-effective treatment technology and removal efficiency was above 50%. The use of reed beds provides an efficient alternative for domestic sludge treatment.  <#LINE#> @ @  Billore S.K., Singh N., Sharma J.K., Dass P. and Nelson R.M., Horizontal subsurface flow gravel bed constructed wetland with Phragmites karka in central India. Wat. Sci. Tech., 40(3), 163-171 (1999) @No $ @ @  Billore S.K., Singh N., Sharma J.K.,  Krishnamurthi R., Kobayashi T. and Yagi R., Ujjain clay as low cost sealant   and   liner   for   artificial   Ponding   and bentonite  alternative,  Current Science,  78(11),  1381-1383 (2000) @No $ @ @  Billore S.K., Singh N., Ram H.K., Sharma J.K., Singh V.P., Nelson R.M. and Dass P., Treatment of a molasses based distillery effluent in a constructed wetland in central India, Wat. Sci.  Tech., 44(11-12) @No $ @ @ , 441-448 (2001) @No $ @ @ 4. Billore S.K., Ram H., Singh N., Thomas R., Nelson R.M. and Pare B. Treatment performance evaluation of surfactant removal   from domestic waste water in a tropical horizontal subsurface constructed wetland. In, Proceedings  of  the  8th  International  Conference  on Wetland Systems for Water  Pollution Control, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 16–19 Sept. (2002) @No $ @ @ 5. Koottatep T., Polprasert C., Oanh N.T.K., Heinss U., Montangero A. and Strauss M. Potentials of vertical-flow constructed wetlands for septage treatment in tropical regions, Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment Technology, 315-323(2001) @No $ @ @ 6. Billore S.K. and Prashant Sharma, Treatment performance of artificial floating reed beds in an experimental mesocosm to improve the water quality of river Kshipra. Water Sci Technol, 60(11), 2851-9 (2009) @No $ @ @ 7. Kengne I.M., Dodane P.H., Akoa A. and Kone D. Vertical-flow constructed wetlands as sustainable sanitation approach for fecal sludge dewatering in developing countries, Desalination, 248(1-3), 291-297 (2009) @No $ @ @ 8. Valencia R., den Hamer D., Komboi J., Lubberding H.J. and Gijzen H.J., Alternative treatment for septic tank sludge, Co-digestion with municipal solid waste in bioreactor landfill simulators, Bioresource Technology, 100 (5), 1754-1761 (2009) @No $ @ @ 9. Tsalkatidou M., Gratziou M. and Kotsovinos N., Combined stabilization ponds–constructed wetland system, Desalination, 248 (1-3), 988-997 (2009) @No $ @ @ 0. Troesch S., Li�nard A., Molle P., Merlin G. and D. Esser, Treatment of septage in sludge drying reed beds: A case study on pilot-scale beds, Water Science and Technology, 60 (3), 643-653 (2009) @No $ @ @  Nielsen S. Sludge drying reed beds, Water Science and Technology, 48 (5), 101–109 (2003) @No $ @ @ 2. Ruiz T., Wisniewski C., Kaosol T., F. Persin,  Influence of organic content in dewatering and shrinkage of urban residual sludge under controlled atmospheric drying. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 85 (B1), 104-110 (2006) @No $ @ @ 3. Cooper P., Willoughby, N., Cooper, D.J. The use of reed beds for sludge drying, Journal of the Charted Institute of Water and Environmental Management. 18(2), 85 - 89 (2004) @No $ @ @ 4. Nielsen S. Sludge reed bed facilities, operation and problems, Water Science and Technology, 51(9), 99–107 (2005) @No $ @ @ 5. Nielsen S. and Willoughby N., Sludge treatment and drying reed bed systems in Denmark, Water and Environment Journal, 19 (4), 296-305 (2005) @No $ @ @ 6. Meuleman A.F.M., Beekman J.Ph. and Verhoeven J.T.A., Nutrient retention and nutrient-use efficiency in Phragmites australis stands after wasterwater application, Wetlands, 22(4), 712-721 (2002) @No $ @ @ 7. Shao L., He P., Yu G. and He P. Effect of proteins, polysaccharides, and particle sizes on sludge dewaterability, Journal of Environmental Sciences, 21 (1), 83-88 (2009) @No $ @ @ 8. APHA  Standard  Methods  for  the  Examination  of Water   and   Wastewater,   American   Public   Health Association, Washington DC (1992) @No $ @ @ 19. Uggetti E., Llorens E., Pedescoll A., Ferrer I., Castellnou R. and Garc�a J., Sludge dewatering and stabilization in drying reed beds, characterization of three full-scale systems in Catalonia, Spain, Bioresour Technol, 100(17) 3882-90 (2009) @No $ @ @ , 41-46 (2012) @No $ @ @ , 41-46 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Chem.Sci.  International Science Congress Association  45 Table-3 Average results of plant growth (Phragmites karka) in CRBs for Mahananda nagar Domestic sludge after three consecutive year S.No. Month Plant Biomass Production (g/m2)  Shoot FW (DW) Root + Rhizome FW (DW) Whole plant  FW (DW) TKN g/m2  ODT 1 January 18.64 (2.79) 6.79 (0.95) 25.43 (3.74) 0.285 2 February 31.95 (8.66) 15.20 (2.15) 47.15 (10.81) @No $ @ @ 0.863 3 March 56.81 (14.80) @No $ @ @ 75 (4.50) 82.56 (19.30) @No $ @ @ 170 4 April 78.50 (18.25) @No $ @ @ 33.05(8.20) 111.55 (26.45) @No $ @ @ 3.984 5 May 92.17 (24.50) @No $ @ @ 42.60 (11.40) @No $ @ @ 134.77 (35.90) @No $ @ @ 6.115 6 June 125.65 (44.60) @No $ @ @ 59.87 (15.70) @No $ @ @ 185.52 (60.30) @No $ @ @ 7.953 7 July 153.86 (63.45) @No $ @ @ 76.10 (19.20) @No $ @ @ 229.96 (82.65) @No $ @ @ 9.711 8 August 180.72 (79.23) @No $ @ @ 93.50 (23.80) @No $ @ @ 274.22 (103.03) 10.628 9 September 195.64 (102.50) 102.75 (30.55) @No $ @ @ 298.39 (133.05) 12.109 10 October 225.79 (110.40) 117.52 (40.90) @No $ @ @ 343.31 (151.30) 13.951 11 November 253.60 (115.80) 129.65(42.85) @No $ @ @ 383.25 (158.65) 15.017 12 December 289.13 (125.15) 133.20 (46.80) @No $ @ @ , 41-46 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Chem.Sci.  International Science Congress Association  46    Table-4 Average results of plant growth (Phragmites karka) in CRBs for Ravindera nagar  Domestic sludge after three consecutive years S.No. Month Plant Biomass Production (g/m2) Shoot FW (DW) Root + Rhizome FW (DW) Whole plant  FW (DW) TKN g/m2  ODT 1 January 16.96 (2.41) 6.17 (0.85) 23.13 (3.26) 0.310 2 February 33.45 (8.24) 13.45 (2.35) 46.90 (10.59) @No $ @ @ 0.952 3 March 58.70 (13.50) @No $ @ @ 27.85 (5.15) 86.55 (18.65) @No $ @ @ 2.967 4 April 82.79 (17.12) @No $ @ @ 36.25 (7.75) 119.04 (24.87) @No $ @ @ 158 5 May 95.09 (22.40) @No $ @ @ 44.56 (9.50) 139.65 (31.90) @No $ @ @ 6.439 6 June 120.36 (41.58) @No $ @ @ 6.98 (14.37) @No $ @ @ 177.34 (55.95) @No $ @ @ 8.102 7 July 155.62 (61.05) @No $ @ @ 79.25 (18.20) @No $ @ @ 234.87 (79.25) @No $ @ @ 9.863 8 August 183.15 (77.60) @No $ @ @ 91.45 (22.68) @No $ @ @ 274.60 (100.28) 11.052 9 September 198.00 (89.50) @No $ @ @ 99.57 (28.15) @No $ @ @ 297.57 (117.65) 12.518 10 October 228.10 (97.20) @No $ @ @ 115.35 (38.47) @No $ @ @ 43.45 (135.67) 14.280 11 November 243.60 (109.65) 124.70 (43.88) @No $ @ @ 368.30 (153.53) 15.488 12 December 268.90 (122.20) 130.90 (44.70) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Vermifugal Activity of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles<#LINE#>K.@PillaiRaji,John.@SareenSarah,C.@TomsJoseph,Ch@,@ramohanakumarN.,M@Balagopalan<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>07.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-99.pdf<#LINE#>5 1Rajiv Gandhi Chair, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, INDIA 2School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, INDIA 3Microbiology, Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala, INDIA 4Department of Chemical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, INDIA 5Soil Science Department, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi,  Thrissur, Kerala,  INDIA  <#LINE#>7/12/2011<#LINE#>24/1/2012<#LINE#> Nanotechnology is an area of extensive research in recent years. Applications of noble metals have increased throughout human civilization and noble metal nanoparticles have benefited multiple sectors using their nano-scale applications.  The possibility of using plants in the deliberate synthesis of nanoparticles is a recent phenomenon. Helminth infections are among the most common infections in humans, affecting a large population of the World. As per WHO, only few drugs are frequently used in the treatment of these parasite infections. Preliminary investigations were carried out to assess the vermifugal actvity of biological silver nanoparticles in-vitro. Albendazole and piperazine citrate were used as  standard reference drugs and normal saline as control. Various concentrations of silver nanoparticles and aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis were tested as per standard protocols. Silver nanoparticles exhibited significant antihelminthic  activity as compared to standard.    <#LINE#> @ @  Lanone S. and Boczkowski J., Biomedical applications and potential health risks of nanomaterials: molecular mechanisms, Curr Mol Med., 6, 651–63 (2006) @No $ @ @  Ball P., Natural strategies for the molecular engineer,  Nanotechnology, 13, 15-28 (2002) @No $ @ @  Wang X., Zhuang J., Peng Q. and Li. Y., A general strategy for nanocrystal synthesis, Nature, 437, 121–124 (2005) @No $ @ @  Pillai Raji K., Bishwajeet Singh., Deep Punj., Kailasnath M and Chandramohanakumar N., Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using the leaf and flower extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis,  Proceedings of International Conference on Nanostructured Materials, France, p 306 (2010) @No $ @ @ , 47-51 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association  51 5. Williams D.A. and Lemke T.L., Parasitic infection- Helminthes In, Foye’s Principal of Medicinal Chemistry, 5th edition, New York: Lippincott William and Wilkins. (2002) @No $ @ @ 6. WHO, Informal Consultation on Intestinal Helminth Infections, Geneva, 9–12 July 1990, Geneva, World Health Organization document WHO/CDS/IPI/90.1, (1990) @No $ @ @ 7. Coles, E. H., Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 4th Ed., W. B. Saunders Company, USA (1986) @No $ @ @ 8. Soulsby E.J.L., Text book of: helminths, arthropods, and protozoa of domesticated animals, 7th edn. The English Language Book Society and Bailliere Tindall, Loncon (1986) @No $ @ @ 9. Albonico M., A randomised controlled trial comparing mebendazole 500mg and mebendazole 400 mg against Ascaris, Trichuris and the hookworms, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 88, 585–589 (1994) @No $ @ @ 0. Martin, R. J., Mode of Action of Anthelmintic Drugs, Vet. J, 154, 11- 34 (1997) @No $ @ @  Coles, G. C., Borgsteede F. H. M., Geerts, T. R. and Tylor M. A., World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance. Vet. Parasitol., 44, 35-44 (1992) @No $ @ @ 2. Kwa M.S., Veenstra, J.G. and  Roos M. H., Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino acid 200 in beta‐tubulin isotype, Mol. Biochem Parasitol., 63, 299–303 (1994) @No $ @ @ 3. Harder A. and Himmelstjerna V.S.G., Cyclooctadepsipeptides, a new class of anthelmintically active compounds, Parasitol Res., 88, 481–488 (2002) @No $ @ @ 4. Mamun, M. I. R.., Nahar, N. and Azad Khan.,  Diabetic Research And Clinical Practice, 35, 163-170, (2001) @No $ @ @ 5. Vigar Z., Atlas of Medical Parasitology, 2nd edition. Singapore, P.G. Publication House, 216-217 (1984) @No $ @ @ 6. Ajaiyeoba E.O., Onocha P.A. and  Olarenwaju O.T., In vitro anthelmintic properties of Buchholzia oriaceae and Gynandropsis gynandra extract,  Pharm. Biol., 39, 217-20, (2001) @No $ @ @ 7. Martin RJ., γ-Aminobutyric acid and piperazine activated single channel current from Ascaris suum body muscle,  Br. J. Pharmacol., 84, 445-461 (1985) @No $ @ @ 8. Ruffini Castiglione M. and  Cremonini R.,  Nanoparticles and higher plants, Caryologia.,  62:161–165, (2009) @No $ @ @ 19. Nel A.E., M�dler L., Velegol D., Xia T., Hoek E., Somasundaran P., Klaessig F., Castranova V. and Thompson M., Understanding the biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface. Nat. Mater., 8:543–55, (2009) @No $ @ @ 0. Xia T, Kovochich M, Brant J, Hotze M, Sempf J, Oberley T, Sioutas C, Yeh J.I, Wiesner M.R. and Nel A.E., Comparison of the abilities of ambient and manufactured nanoparticles to induce cellular toxicity according to an oxidative stress paradigm. Nano Lett.,  6, 1794–1807 (2006) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Larvicidal Potential of Biologically Synthesised Silver Nanoparticles against Aedes Albopictus<#LINE#>J.@SareenSarah,K.@PillaiRaji,Ch@,@ramohanaKumarN.,M.@Balagopalan<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>08.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-100.pdf<#LINE#> 1School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, INDIA 2Rajiv Gandhi Chair in Contemporary Studies, Cochin University of Science and Tech., Kochi, Kerala, INDIA 3Department of Chemical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala INDIA 4Soil Science Department, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA  <#LINE#>7/12/2011<#LINE#>24/1/2012<#LINE#> Understanding of biological processes at the nanoscale level is a strong driving force behind development of nanotechnology. Silver nanoaparticles have important applications in the field of biology. Stable silver nanoparticles were synthesized by biological reduction method. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous leaf extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis against the larvae of Aedes albopictus mosquito reared in rubber plantation. The parasite larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis and synthesized silver nanoparticles for 24 h as per WHO protocols. Distilled water served as control. Percentage mortality was recorded. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited significant larvicidal activity. This method is considered as an innovative alternative approach using green nanochemistry technique to control vector parasites and is the first report on mosquito larvicidal activity of Hibiscus rosasinensis leaf mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles.    <#LINE#> @ @  Sumodan P.K., Potential of rubber plantations as breeding source of Aedes albopictus in Kerala, India. The South East Asia and Western Pacific Region, WHO, Dengue bulletin,  27, 206-7 (2003) @No $ @ @  Liu N., Xu Q., Zhu F., Zhang L., Pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes, Insect. Sci., 13, 159–166 (2006) @No $ @ @  Sareen Sarah John and John K.C., Lagenidium giganteum, an effective microbial control agent for Aedes mosquitoes in the rubber plantations, Proceedings of the 98th Indian Science Congress January 2011, Environmental Sciences, 93 (2010) @No $ @ @  Pillai Raji K., Singh Bishwajeet, Punj Deep., Kailasnath M., Chandramohanakumar N., Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using the leaf and flower extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis, Proceedings of International Conference on Nanostructured Materials, France,  306 (2010) @No $ @ @  Lounibos L.P., Invasions by insect vectors of human disease, Annu Rev Entomol, 47, 233-266 (2002) @No $ @ @  Passos R.A., Marques Gram, Voltolini J.C. and Condino M.L.F., Dominance of Aedes aegypti over Aedes albopictus in the southeastern coast of Brazil, Rev Saude Publica, 37, 729-734 (2003) @No $ @ @  Juliano S.A., Lounibos L.P. and O’Meara G.F., A field test for competitive effects of Aedes albopictus on A. aegypti in South Florida, Differences between sites of coexistence and exclusion, Oecologia., 139, 583-593 (2004) @No $ @ @ , 52-56 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association  56 8. Honorio N.A., Cabello P.H., Code�o C.T. and Lourenco-de-Oliveira R., Preliminary data on the performance of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus immatures developing in water-filled tires in Rio de Janeiro, Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz., 101, 225-228 (2006) @No $ @ @ 9. Hawley W.A., The biology of Aedes albopictus, J Am Mosq Control Assoc., 4, 1-39 (1988) @No $ @ @ 0. Philippe Parola, Xavier L., Jacus J., Clarisse R. and Remi N.C.,  Novel Chikungunya virus variant in travellers returning from Indian Ocean Islands, Emerging infectious diseases, 12(10), 1493-1498 (2006) @No $ @ @  Mashhadani A.L., Davidson H. M. and Curtis G.C., A genetic study of the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae  to Plasmodium bergei, Trans. Roy. Soc. of Tropical Med. and Hygiene, 749(5), 585 – 594 (1980) @No $ @ @ 2. Anosike J.C. and Onwuliri C.O.E., Experiment on Wuchereria bancrofti infection of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti, Angew Parasitology, 33, 139 – 142 (1992) @No $ @ @ 3. WHO - Report of the WHO informal consultation on the evaluation on the testing of insecticides CTD/WHO PES/IC/., 96.1, 69 (1996) @No $ @ @ 4. Abbott W.S., A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide, Journal of Economic Entomol., 18, 265-267 (1925) @No $ @ @ 5. Rai M., Yadav A. and Gade A., Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials, Biotechnol.Adv., 27, 76-83 (2009) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Azwain (Trachyspermum copticum) seed extract as an efficient corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminium in NaOH solution<#LINE#>@SinghAmbrish,M.A.@Quraishi<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>09.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-11.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>19/9/2011<#LINE#>12/1/2012<#LINE#> The present work investigates corrosion behaviour of the aluminium in 0.5 M NaOH solution in the presence of Azwain (Trachyspermum copticum) seed extract by weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Experimental results revealed that inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentration and reached at maximum 94% at 500 ppm inhibitor concentration. Adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the surface of aluminium followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Tafel polarization analyses indicated that studied compound is mixed type inhibitor. The data obtained from polarization method and weight loss methods were in good agreement. The Azwain (Trachyspermum copticum) seed extract is environmental friendly, biodegradable, nontoxic, cheap and easily available source of material which is used as corrosion inhibitor for aluminium metal in 0.5 M NaOH.   <#LINE#> @ @  Emregul K.C. and Abbas Aksut A., The behavior of aluminum in alkaline media, Corros. Sci., 42, 2051-2067 (2008) @No $ @ @  Bocksite L., Trevethan D. and Zaromb S., Control of Al Corrosion in Caustic Solutions, J. Electrochem. Soc., 110, 267-271 (1963) @No $ @ @  Macdonald D.D. and Real S., Urquidi-Macdonald M., Evaluation of Alloy Anodes for Aluminum-Air Batteries, J. Electrochem. Soc., 135, 2397-2409 (1988) @No $ @ @  Chu D. and Savinel R.F., Experimental data on aluminum dissolution in KOH electrolytes, Electrochim. Acta, 36, 1631-1638 (1991) @No $ @ @  Abdel-Gaber A.M., Khamis E., Abo-ElDahab H. and Adeel Sh., Inhibition of aluminium corrosion in alkaline solutions using natural compound, Mater. Chem. Phys., 109, 297-305 (2008) @No $ @ @  Zhang S.S. and Jow T.R., Aluminum corrosion in electrolyte of Li-ion battery, J. Power Sources 109, 458-464 (2002) @No $ @ @ , 57-61 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association  61 7. El Hosary A.A., Saleh R.M. and Shams El Din A.M., Corrosion inhibition by naturally occurring substances-I. The effect of Hibiscus subdariffa (karkade) extract on the dissolution of Al and Zn, Corros. Sci., 12, 897-904 (1972) @No $ @ @ 8. El Hosary A.A. and Saleh R.M., Progress in Understanding and Prevention of Corrosion, vol. 2, The Institute of Materials, London, 911 (1993) @No $ @ @ 9. Avwiri G.O. and Igho F.O., Inhibitive action of Vernonia amygdalina on the corrosion of aluminium alloys in acidic media, Mater. Lett., 57, 3705-3711 (2003) @No $ @ @ 0. Gunasekaran G. and Chauhan L.R., Eco friendly inhibitor for corrosion inhibition of mild steel in phosphoric  acid medium, Electrochim. Acta, 49, 4387-4395 (2004) @No $ @ @  El-Etre A.Y., Natural honey as corrosion inhibitor for metals and alloys. i. copper in neutral aqueous solution, Corros. Sci., 40, 1845-1850 (1998) @No $ @ @ 2. El-Etre A.Y., Abdallah M. and El-Tantawy Z.E., Corrosion inhibition of some metals using lawsonia extract, Corros. Sci., 47, 385-395 (2005) @No $ @ @ 3. Abdel-Gaber A.M., Abd-El-Nabey B.A., Sidahmed I.M., El-Zayady A.M. and Saadawy M., Inhibitive action of some plant extracts on the corrosion of steel in acidic media, Corros. Sci., 48, 2765–2779 (2006) @No $ @ @ 4. Oguzie E.E., Corrosion inhibition of aluminium in acidic and alkaline media by Sansevieria trifasciata extract, Corros. Sci., 49, 1527-1539 (2007) @No $ @ @ 5. Singh A., Ahamad I., Singh V.K. and Quraishi M.A., Inhibition effect of environmentally benign Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) seed extract on corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution, J. Solid State Electrochem., 15, 1087-1097 (2011) @No $ @ @ 6. Yende S.R., Sannapuri V.D., Vyawahare N.S. and Harle U.N., Antirheumatoid activity of aqueous extract of P. longum on freunds adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, Int. J. Pharmaceut. Sci. Res., 1, 129-133 (2010) @No $ @ @ 7. ao Z., Zhang S., Li W. and Hou B., Adsorption and Inhibitory Mechanism of 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-l-yl-methyl-2-(4-chlorophenoxy) Acetate on Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Solution, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50, 6082–6088 (2011) @No $ @ @ 8. Ferreira E.S., Giacomelli C., Giacomelli F.C. and Spinelli A., Evaluation of the inhibitor effect of L-ascorbic acid on the corrosion of mild steel, Mater. Chem. Phys., 83, 129-134 (2004) @No $ @ @ 19. Macdonald D.D., Review of mechanistic analysis by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Electrochim. Acta, 35, 1509-1525 (1990) @No $ @ @ 0. Lee K.-K. and Kim K.-B., Electrochemical impedance characteristics of pure Al and Al–Sn alloys in NaOH solution, Corros. Sci., 43, 561–575 (2001) @No $ @ @ 1. Khaled K.F., Molecular simulation, quantum chemical calculations and electrochemical studies for inhibition of mild steel by triazoles, Electrochim. Acta, 53, 3484–3492 (2008) @No $ @ @  Chatterjee Asima, Chandraprakashi Satyesh, The Treatise of Indian Medicinal Plants, Publication and Information Directorate CSIR,  New Delhi, 4 : 45-47 (1995) @No $ @ @ 3. Qureshi Absar A. and Eswar Kumar K., Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of  Trachyspermum ammi, Plant Archives, 10, 955-959 (2010) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Role of Carmine in Tween 60 -Ascorbic Acid System for Energy Conversion<#LINE#>@GenwaK.R.,C.P.@Sagar<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>10.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-36.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/9/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> The photogalvanic effect studied in H-cell containing Ascorbic acid as reductant and Carmine as photosensitizer. The photopotential and photocurrent generated in cell were 884.0 mV and 190.0 μA, respectively. The observed conversion efficiency 0.8184% and the maximum output (power) of the cell was 85.12 μW. The photogalvanic cell can be used at this power level for 170 minutes. The effect of different parameters of electrical output of the cell was investigated and a cell photoreaction mechanism for the generation of the photocurrent in this photogalvanic cell has also been proposed.    <#LINE#> @ @  Crabtree G.W. and Lewis N.S., Solar energy conversion, American Institute of Physics, Physics  Today,  60, 37-42 (2007) @No $ @ @  Rabinowitch E., The photogalvanic effect Part I, The photogalvanic properties of the thionine-iron system, J. Chem. Phys., 8(7), 551 (1940) @No $ @ @  Rabinowitch E., The photogalvanic effect Part II, The photogalvanic properties of the thionine-iron system,  J. Chem. Phys., 8(7), 560 (1940) @No $ @ @  Bisquert J., Cahen D., Hodes G., Riihle S. and Zaban A., Physical chemical principles of photovoltaic conversion with nanoparticales, mesoporous dye sensitized solar cell, J. Phy. Chem, 108, 8106-8118 (2004) @No $ @ @  Meyer G.J., Molecular approaches to solar energy conversion with coordination compounds anchored to semiconductor surface, Inorganic Chemistry, 44(20), 6852-6864 (2005) @No $ @ @  Albery W.J. and Archer M.D., Optimum efficiency of photogalvanic cells for solar energy conversion, Nature, 270, 399 -402 (1977) @No $ @ @  Bolton J.R. and Hall D.O., Photochemical conversion and storage of solar energy. Annual Review of Energy, 4, 353 – 401(1979) @No $ @ @  Butler M.A. and Ginley D.S., Principles of photoelectrochemical solar energy conversion, J. Materials Science, 15, 1-19 (1980) @No $ @ @  Belinicher V.I. and Sturman B.I., The photogalvanic effect in media lacking a center of symmetry, Sov. Phy. Ups., 23(3), 199 (1980) @No $ @ @  Dung M.H. and Kozak J.J., Efficiency of light-energy conversion in photogalvanic cells and water cleavage systems, J. Chem. Phys. (United States), 77, 6 (1982) @No $ @ @  Ghosh J.K., Ghosh S.K. and Bhattacharya S.C., Role of nonionic micelles of tweens in photogalvanic generation using fluorescien dye, J. Oleo Science, 53, 273 – 277 (2004) @No $ @ @  Balzani V., Credi A. and Venturi M., Photochemical conversion of solar energy, Chem. Sus. Chem., 1(1-2), 26–58 (2008) @No $ @ @  Gangotri K.M. and Indora V., Studies in the photogalvanic effect in mixed reductant for Solar energy conversion and storage, Dextrose and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-Azur A system, Solar Energy, 84(2), 271 – 276 (2010) @No $ @ @  Gangotri K.M., Indora V. and  Bhimwal M.K., Studies of mixed Reductant systems with Azure A as photosensitizer for solar energy conversion and storage photogalvanic cells, Int. J. Sustainable Energy,  30(2), 119-128 (2011) @No $ @ @  Gangotri K.M. and Bhimwal M.K., Study the performance of photogalvanic cells for solar energy conversion and storage: Toluidine blue – D-Xylose – NaLS system, Int. J. Energy Res., 35(6), 545 -552 (2011) @No $ @ @  Genwa K.R., Kumar A. and Sonel A., Photogalvanic solar energy conversion: Study with photosensitizers Toludine blue and Malachite green in presence of NaLS, Applied Energy,  86(9), 1431-1436 (2009) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Synthesis and fluorescent behavior of Pyran and Pyridine-3, 5-dicarbonitrile derivatives<#LINE#>@ShindeSantoshS.,N.@JachakMadhukar<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>11.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-40.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Chemistry, K.T.H.M. College, Gangapur Road, Nashik, MS, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/9/2011<#LINE#>9/1/2012<#LINE#> Novel chalcones were synthesized by Aldol condensation of aromatic aldehydes and the hitherto not described 3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxopropanenitrile in basic medium followed by cyclization with malononitrile to corresponding pyran derivatives. The well characterized pyran derivatives were further transformed into pyridine derivatives by neat heating with ammonium acetate. The fluorescence properties and quantum yield of these synthesized compounds were studied.  <#LINE#> @ @   Piorun D., Parusel A., Rechthaler K., Rotkiewicz K. and Kohler C. J. Photochem Potobiol   A Chem, , 129:33 (1999) @No $ @ @   Butler T., Patel N. and  Robert M., Baynes N PCT,  Appl WO, 2005019159, Chem Abstr,144:378759  (2006) @No $ @ @   Rangnekar D., KanetkarV., Indian J Fibre Text Res; 15:132-4(1990) @No $ @ @  Dehnert J., Lamm G., LofflerH., Ger. Patent DE 3,615, 093(Clc09 B43/128)1987, Chem     Abstr, 108, 57889 (1988) @No $ @ @   Dehnert J., Ger. Patent DE3, 707, 715(Cl CO9B69/02) 1988, Chem Abstr ,110:156102(1989) @No $ @ @   Basta A. and Girgis A., El-Saied H, Dyes Pigments, 54, 1-10, (2002) @No $ @ @   Zollinger H., Color Chemistry, 3rd ed., Switzerland (2003) @No $ @ @ , 479(2003) @No $ @ @ 8.  Jachak M.N., Bagul S.M.,Ghotekar, B.K. , Birari D.R., Ghagare M.G., Kazi M.A. and Toche R.B., Mathad V.T. J. Fluoresc (2010) @No $ @ @ 9. Rane B.S., Kazi M.A., Bagul S.M., Shelar D.P., Toche  R.B. and Jachak M.N.  J. Fluoresc, 20(1), 415-420 (2009) @No $ @ @ 0.  Jachak M.N. Kendre D.B. and Toche R .B., Tetrahedron, 2007 63, 11000-11004  11.  Rote R.V., Shelar D.P., Patil S.R., Shinde, S.S., Toche R.B. and Jachak M.N., 453-9. J. Fluoresc,(2010 ) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Corrosion Inhibitive Effects of Withania Somnifera (A medicinal plant) on Aluminium in HCl Solution<#LINE#>J.@Dubey,N.@Jeengar,@UpadhyayR.K.,A.@Chaturvedi<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>12.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-46.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, Government College, Ajmer, Raj., INDIA   <#LINE#>30/11/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#> Corrosion can be considered either chemical or electrochemical in nature. It decays the metallic properties of metals and lead them unfit for their specific purpose in industry. Corrosion of metals may be prevented by either barrier protection or sacrificial protection or by alloying or by anti rust solution of ligands containing N, S, O, Se and P as hetero atoms. The naturally occurring plant products are eco-friendly, compatible, nonpolluting, less toxic, easily available, biodegradable and economic to be used as corrosion inhibitors. Extract of different parts of plant like seeds, leaves, stem can be used as inhibitor to reduce the corrosion rate of metal like aluminium in acidic media.Corrosion inhibitive effects of naturally occurring Withania Somnifera (Ashwagandha ) have been studied in different concentrations of  HCl for aluminium. Studies were carried out at two different temperatures of extract of leaves and root of the said plant. Leaves extract has been found more effective corrosion inhibitor at lower temperature. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency was found 99.28% for leaves extract at 303K. <#LINE#> @ @  Putilova I.N., Balizin S.A. and Baranik V.P., Metallic corrosion inhibitor Pergaman Press London (1960) @No $ @ @  Jain T., Choudhary R. and Mathur S.P., Materials and Corrosion 57, 422 (2006) @No $ @ @  Abiola O.K., Oforka N.C., Ebenso E.E. and Nwinuka N.M., Anticorrosion Methods and Material, 54, 219   (2007) @No $ @ @  Oguzie E.E., Onuchukwu A.I., Okafor P.C. and Ebenso E.E., Pigment and Resin Technology, 35, 63 (2006) @No $ @ @  Arora P., Kumar S., Sharma M.K. and Mathur S.P., E-Journal of Chemistry, 4, 450 (2007) @No $ @ @  Oguzei E.E., Corrosion Science, 49, 1527 (2007) @No $ @ @  Okafor P.C., Ikpi M.E., Uwah I.E., Ebenso E.E., Elcpe U.J. and Umoren S.A., Corrosion Science, 50, 2310 (2008) @No $ @ @  Choudhary R., Jain T. Mathur S.P., Bulletin of Electrochem, 20, 67 (2004) @No $ @ @  Sharma P., Upadhyay R.K., Chaturvedi A. and Parashar R., J.T.R. Chem, 15(1), 21 (2008) @No $ @ @  Talati J.D. and Gandhi D.K., Ind. J. Tech., 29, 277, (1991) @No $ @ @   Dubey R.S. and Upadhyay S.N., J. Electrochem. Soc. India, 74, 143, (1944) @No $ @ @   Fontana M.G., Corrosion Engineering 3rd Edition Mcgraw Hill Book Company, 173, (1987) @No $ @ @  Hoar I.P. and Holiday R.D., J. App. chem.,3, 582, (1953) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Synthesis, characterization and de-tert-butylation of 4-N-t-butyl-5-aryl imino-1,2,4 triazolidine-3-thiones into 5-arylimino-1,2,4 triazolidine-3-thiones<#LINE#>@RashidiN.A,B.N.@Berad<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>13.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-53.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati, MS, INDIA Department of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, MS, INDIA  <#LINE#>10/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> Triazole is a five membered heterocyclic ring which is a versatile lead compound for designing potent bioactive agents. The derivatives of triazole nuclei showed diverse biological activities. In the present study, we have synthesised some new 4-N-t-butyl-5-arylimino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones (Va-f) from 2-arylimino-5-t-butylimino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (IVa-f).The later compound were prepared by the condensation of N-aryl thiosemicarbazide (IIa-f) and tert-butyl imino isocyanodichloride in chloroform medium. The synthesized compounds (Va-f) were successfully de-tert butylated into 5-arylimino-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione (VIa-f). All the newly synthesized compounds were subjected to physical characterization and spectral analysis by IR and NMR and Mass for structure elucidation.   <#LINE#> @ @  Hartwell J.L. and B.J. Abbot, In Advances in pharmacology and phemotherapy, 7th Edn, edited by Garrattini S., Goldin A., Hawking F., and I.J. Kopin. New York, Academic Press ( 1969) @No $ @ @  Kubota S., Uda M. and Sato K., Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 3-alkylthio- 5-pyridyl-1, 2, 4-triazoles and related compounds, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 26(3), 893-897 (1978) @No $ @ @  Varma R.S., Green Chemical Synthesis and Process: edited by Anastas, P.T., Heine, L., and T. Williamson. American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., In ASC Symposium Serial No.767 (2000) @No $ @ @  Singh R.J. and Singh D.K., Syntheses characterization and biological activity of some 1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives, E-J.Chem, 6(3),796-800 (2009) @No $ @ @  Singh R. J. and Singh D. K., Syntheses, characterization and biological screening of some novel 1, 2, 4-triazoles, Asian J. Research Chem, 2(4), 536-538 (2009) @No $ @ @  Buscemi S., Vivona N. and Caronna T., J. Org. Chem., 61, 8379 (1996) @No $ @ @   Yoo B.R., Suk M.Y., Y-Man. Yu, S-Gyn. Hong and Jung I. N., Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 19(3), 358 (1998) @No $ @ @   Paulvannan K., Chen T. and Hale R., Tetrahedron, 56, 8071 (2000) @No $ @ @   Vogel A.I., A Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry, Including Qualitative Analysis, Longmans, IIIrd Ed, (1958) @No $ @ @   Schmidte W., Striewsky M., Sectender and F. Hitzler , Leibig’s Ann, 192, 568, (1960) @No $ @ @  Dyson G.M. and Harington, J. Chem. Soc.,191(1940) @No $ @ @  Bhaskar C.S., Vidhale N.N and Berad B.N, Asian J.Chem, 14,162 (2002) @No $ @ @  Singh T., Bhattacharya A. and Verma V.K.J. Indian Chem. Soc., 69,153-156,(1992) @No $ @ @   Dyer J. R., Application of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compound, Prentice-Hall (1974) @No $ @ @  Lacey R. N., Structure and Mechanism of Organic Chemistry, J. Chem. Soc., 1635 (1960) @No $ @ @ , 79-84 (2012) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>UV- Visible Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopic studies on Mn and Cu ion exchange of newly synthesized cerium zirconium antimonate and its application in dye degradation<#LINE#>@PreethaB.,C@Janardanan<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>14.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-77.pdf<#LINE#>.2 1Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry,Government College, Kasaragode, Kerala, INDIA 2Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sree Narayana College, Kannur-670 007, Kerala, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> A novel inorganic cation exchanger cerium zirconium antimonate (CZSb) was synthesized by co precipitation method. Zirconium substitution of cerium in the solid solution has proved to be beneficial in increasing the oxygen storage capability. Chemical composition of the compound was determined from EDS and structural studies were carried out using TGA, XRD and FTIR. UV-VIS Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopic studies were conducted to obtain information on surface coordination and different oxidation states of metal ions and to study their properties. The material synthesized showed very good cation exchange properties and the distribution studies showed that the selectivity towards various metal ions was in the order Pb2+ &#x0000; Cu2+ &#x0000; Mn2+ &#x0000; Co2+ &#x0000; Cd2+ &#x0000; Y3+ &#x0000; Ni2+ &#x0000;Hg2+ &#x0000; Zn2+ &#x0000; Th3+ &#x0000; Mg2+. Its selectivity for lead helps the removal of it from other cations. Cu2+ ion exchange changes the color of the material from yellow to green and Mn2+ ion,s which get oxidized in the matrix of the material changes the color to dark brown /black. Thus the material can be used as an environment friendly solid indicator for the detection of trace amounts of Mn2+ ions in solution. The electron exchange property of cerium ions enable it to be used widely in various catalytic and functional systems. UV-Vis DR Spectroscopy was used for characterizing the synthesized material and its Mn and Cu ion exchanged forms. The decrease in rate of catalytic degradation of methyl orange dye with  its Mn exchanged form  is correlated with its UV VIS DR spectra. <#LINE#> @ @  Amphlett C.B., Inorganic ion exchangers, Elsevier (1964) @No $ @ @  Janardanan C. and Nair S.M.K., Analyst, 115, 8587 (1990) @No $ @ @  Mu. Naushad, Inorganic and Composite Ion Exchange Materials and their Applications, Ion Exchange  Letters, 2 1-14 (2009) @No $ @ @  Moller T., Selective crystalline inorganic materials as ion exchangers in the treatment of nuclear waste solutions, Academic Dissertation, University of Helsinki, Finland  (2002) @No $ @ @  Weqar A.S. and  Shakeel A.K., Synthesis, characterization and ion exchange   properties  of zirconium(IV) tungstoiodophosphate, a new cation exchanger, Bull. Mater,   Sci., 30, 43-49 (2007) @No $ @ @  Telek G., Scoazec J.Y., Chariot J., Ducroc R., Feldmann G. and Roze C., Cerium-based histochemical       demonstration of oxidative stress in taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in rats, A confocal laser scanning microscopic study, Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 47, 1201-1212 (1999) @No $ @ @  Trovarelli A., Catalysis by Ceria and Related Materials, London, Imperial College Press (2005) @No $ @ @  Dalslet B., Blennow P., Hendriksen P. V., Bonanos N., Lybye D. and Mogensen M., Assessment of doped ceria as electrolyte, Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 10,547-561 (2006) @No $ @ @  Eguchi K., Ceramic materials containing rare earth oxides for solid oxide fuel cell, Journal of Alloys and Compounds  250,  486-491 (1997) @No $ @ @  Jasinski P., Suzuki T. and Anderson H. U., Nanocrystalline undoped ceria oxygen sensor. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, 95,73-77, (2003) @No $ @ @  Descorme C., Madier Y. and Duprez D., Infrared study of oxygen adsorption and activation on cerium-zirconium mixed oxides, Journal of Catalysis 196,167-173 (2000) @No $ @ @  Bamwenda G.R., Arakawa H., Cerium dioxide as a photocatalyst for water decomposition to O-2 in the presence of Ce-aq(4+) and Fe-aq(3+) species, Journal of Molecular Catalysis a-Chemical, 161, 105-113 (2000) @No $ @ @  Jong Dae Han and Seong Ihl Woo, Korean J. of Chem. Eng. 8(4), 235-239, (1991) @No $ @ @  Preetha B. and  Janardanan C., Ion exchange method for the detection of trace amounts of Mn2+ using nano        cerium zirconium phosphate cation exchanger, Ion Exchange Letters, 3 12-18, (2010) @No $ @ @  Suib S. L., Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal, 102, 47 (1996) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Synergistic Inhibition of Corrosion of Carbon Steel by the Ternary Formulations containing Phosphonate, Zn (II) and Ascorbic Acid<#LINE#>@AppaRaoB.V.,S.@SrinivasaRao<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>15.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-113.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology (NIT) Warangal-506004, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA  <#LINE#>25/10/2011<#LINE#>1/1/2012<#LINE#> Studies on corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in low chloride aqueous environment using ternary inhibitor formulations based on phosphonates namely 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) and Nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (NTMP) are presented.  From these studies, an environmentally friendly organic compound namely ascorbic acid (AA) is proved to be an excellent synergist to the binary inhibitor formulations, HEDP – Zn2+ and NTMP – Zn2+ in corrosion control of carbon steel.  Gravimetric studies infer that the required minimum concentrations of both the phosphonate as well as zinc ions for good corrosion inhibition could significantly be reduced by the addition of ascorbic acid.  The minimum concentration of Zn2+ required for effective inhibition in case of HEDP – Zn2+ – AA and NTMP – Zn2+ – AA are 15 ppm and 20 ppm respectively.  Further, still lower concentrations of Zn2+ are sufficient for the maintenance of the protective film in case of both the inhibitor formulations.  Studies on effect of pH on corrosion inhibition indicate that both the ternary inhibitor formulations are effective in corrosion control in wide pH ranges. HEDP – Zn2+ – AA is effective in the pH range 5.0 to 9.0 and NTMP – Zn2+ – AA is effective in the pH range 4.0 to 10.0.  <#LINE#> @ @  Felhosi I., Keresztes Zs., Karman F.H., Mohai M., Bertoti I. and Kalman E. Effects of bivalent cations on corrosion inhibition of steel by 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, J. Electrochem. Soc., 146, 961 – 969 (1999) @No $ @ @  Gonzalez Y., Lafont M.C., Pebere N. and Moran F.A synergistic effect between zinc salt and phosphonic acid for corrosion inhibition of a carbon steel, J. Appl. Electrochem., 26, 1259 – 1265 (1996) @No $ @ @  Telegdi J., Shaglouf M.M., Shaban A., Karman F.H., Betroti I., Mohai M. and Kalman E., Influence of cations on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of aminophosphonic acid, Electrochim. Acta, 46, 3791 – 3799 (2001) @No $ @ @ , 93-98 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci   International Science Congress Association  98 4. Demadis K.D., Mantzaridis C., Raptis R.G. and Mezei G. Metal–organotetraphosphonate inorganic–organic hybrids: Crystal structure and anticorrosion effects of zinc hexamethylenediaminetetrakis (methylene -phosphonate) on carbon steels, Inorg. Chem., 44, 4469 – 4471 (2005) @No $ @ @ 5. Pech-Canul M.A. and Chi-Canul L.P., Investigation of the inhibitive effect of N-phosphono-methyl-glycine on the corrosion of carbon steel in neutral solutions by electrochemical techniques, Corrosion, 55, 948 – 956 (1999) @No $ @ @ 6. Amar H., Benzakour J., Derja A., Villemin D., Moreau B., Braisaz T. and Tounsi A., Synergistic corrosion inhibition study of Armco iron in sodium chloride by piperidin-1-yl-phosphonic acid – Zn2+ system, Corros. Sci., 50, 124 – 130 (2008) @No $ @ @ 7. Kalman E. Proc. 7th European Symposium on Corrosion Inhibitors (7SEIC), Ann. Univ. Ferrara, N.S., Sez. V2, 745 (1990) @No $ @ @ 8. Appa Rao B.V. and Christina K. Ternary inhibitor system containing phosphonate, molybdate and Zn2+ in corrosion control of carbon steel, Indian J. Chem. Technol., 13, 275 – 282 (2006) @No $ @ @ 9. Appa Rao B.V., Venkateswara Rao M., Srinivasa Rao S. and Sreedhar B. Tungstate as a synergist to phosphonate-based formulation for corrosion control of carbon steel in nearly neutral aqueous environment, J. Chem. Sci., 122, 639 – 649 (2010) @No $ @ @ 0. Mathiyarasu J., Natarajan R., Palaniswamy N. and Rengaswamy N.S. Synergistic effect of citrate ethylene diamine phosphonic acid and Zn2+ on the inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in low chloride media, Bull. Electrochem., 13, 161 – 165 (1997) @No $ @ @  Kalman E., Varhegyi B., Bako I., Felhosi I., Karman F.H. and Shaban A., Corrosion inhibition by 1-Hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonic Acid, J. Electrochem. Soc., 141, 3357 – 3360 (1994) @No $ @ @ 2. Reznik L.Y., Sathler L., Cardoso M.J.B. and Albuquerque M.G. Experimental and theoretical structural analysis of Zn(II)-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid corrosion inhibitor films in chloride ions solution, Mater. Corros., 59, 685–690 (2008) @No $ @ @ 3. Awad H.S. Surface examination and analysis of steel inhibited by 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid in presence of zinc ions, Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol., 40, 57–64 (2005) @No $ @ @ 4. Gonzalez Y., Lafont M.C., Pebere N., Chatainier G., Roy J. and Bouissou T. A corrosion inhibition study of a carbon steel in neutral chloride solutions by zinc salt/phosphonic acid association, Corros. Sci., 37, 1823 – 1837 (1995) @No $ @ @ 5. Demadis K.D., Katarachia S.D. and Koutmos M. Crystal growth and characterization of zinc–(amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate) organic-inorganic hybrid networks and their inhibiting effect on metallic corrosion, Inorg. Chem. Commun., 8, 254–258 (2005) @No $ @ @ 6. Gopi D., Manimozhi S., Govindaraju K.M., Manisankar P. and Rajeswari S. Surface and electrochemical characterization of pitting corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel in ground water media, J. Appl. Electrochem., 37, 439–449 (2007) @No $ @ @ 7. Ashcraft A., Bohnsack G., Holm R., Kleinstueck R. and Strop S. Mechanism of Corrosion Inhibition and Transition to Underdeposit Corrosion, Mater. Perform., 27 (2), 31 – 37 (1988) @No $ @ @ 8. Appa Rao B.V. and Srinivasa Rao S. Synergistic role of ascorbate in corrosion inhibition, Bull. Electrochem., 21(3), 139–144 (2005) @No $ @ @ 19. Appa Rao B.V., Srinivasa Rao S. and Sarath Babu M. Synergistic effect of NTMP, Zn2+ and ascorbate in corrosion inhibition of carbon steel, Indian J. Chem. Technol., 12, 629 – 634 (2005) @No $ @ @ 0. Appa Rao B.V., Srinivasa Rao S. and Venkateswara Rao M. Environmentally friendly ternary inhibitor formulation based on N, N-bis(phosphonomethyl) glycine, Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol., 43(1), 46 – 53 (2008) @No $ @ @ 1. Appa Rao B.V. and Srinivasa Rao S. Electrochemical and surface analytical studies of synergistic effect of phosphonate, Zn2+ and ascorbate in corrosion control of carbon steel, Mater. Corros., 61(4), 285 – 301 (2010) @No $ @ @  Singley J.E., Beaudet B.A., Markey P.H., DeBerry D.W., Kidwell J.R. and Malish D.A. Corrosion Monitoring and Treatment. In: Corrosion prevention and control in water treatment and supply systems. Noyes Publications, 34 – 50 (1985) @No $ @ @ 3. ASTM Standard G 31-72, ‘Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Materials’ (Reapproved 1990) @No $ @ @ , Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 0302 (Philadelphia, PA:ASTM) (1990) @No $ @ @ 4. Freeman R.A. and Silverman D.C. Error Propagation in Coupon Immersion Tests, Corrosion, 48(6), 463 – 466 (1992) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Activity Studies of 5-Nitro N-[Arylidenhydrazidomethyl Indole] 2-(Substituted Aryl)-3-(N-Indolyl Acetamiddyl)-4-Oxothiazolidines<#LINE#>Ajaypal@Prajapati<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>16.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-114.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Chemistry, J.N. College of Technology, Bhopal M.P. INDIA  <#LINE#>26/11/2011<#LINE#>12/1/<#LINE#> Several 5nitro N’-(aryliine hyraziomethyl) inole were prepare by conensing N’-indolyl acetyl hydrazine with different type of aromatic aldehydes. 2-(substituted aryl)-3-(N’-5-nitro indole acetamiddyl)-4-oxo-thiazolidines were prepared by condensing N’-(arylidine hydrazidomethyl)-indoles with thioglycollic acid.The IR and 1HNMR spectral studies have confirmed the structures of these synthesized compounds.The synthesized compounds which have also been tested for their antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B.megaterium and A. niger and A. Paraciticus.    <#LINE#> @ @  Gadaginamath G.S., Shyadligeri  A.S. and Kavali R.R, Indian J. Chem. 38(B), 156(1999) @No $ @ @  Renukadevi P. and Biradar J.S., Indian J. Heterocyclic Chem., (9), 107(1999) @No $ @ @  Hogle M.B. , Uthale A.C., Indian J. Chem., 29(B), 390 (1990) @No $ @ @  Oza H., Joshi D.  and Prakash H., Indian J. Chem., 37(B), 882 (1998) @No $ @ @  Lodhi R.S.  and Shrivastava S.D., Indian J. Chem., 36(B) 947 (1997) @No $ @ @  N.C. Desai and G.D. Vyas et al., Indian J. Chem.,  39(B),  277 (2000) @No $ @ @  Dutta M.M., Goswami B.N., Kataky J.C.S.  J. Indian Chem., Soc., 67, 322 (1990) @No $ @ @  Lassagra B.P., Bhatt H.H.  and Parikh A.R., Indian J. Hetero Cyclic Chem., 1, 10 ( 2000) @No $ @ @  Mishra S. and Shrivastava S.D., Indian J. Chem., 38(B), 826 ( 1997) @No $ @ @  lather V. and Chowdary P.V.R., Indian J. Pharma. Sci., ,65(6), 576 (2003) @No $ @ @  Vogels Text Book of Practical organic Chemistry fifth Edition, 1161 Third Indian reprint,(2005) @No $ @ @  Collias C.H., A text book of “Microbial metho” Buffer worth, London, 9, 364 (1967) @No $ @ @  Robert M. Silverstein, A text book of “Spectroscopic Ientification of organic Compouns” IIn. Eition, John wiley and sons, (1967) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Microwave assisted synthesis of 3-(4-Ethylbenzyl)-1(4methoxybenzyl)-6-(methylthio)-1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H)-dione derivatives Under solvent free condition with high yields<#LINE#>Prabhakar@Yaddanapudi,@KottapalliRSPrasad,Kumar@JagarlapudiVS<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>17.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-116.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, K. L. University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA <#LINE#>27/11/2011<#LINE#>31/1/<#LINE#> A simple and highly efficient procedure has been described for the synthetic derivatives of 3-(4-Ethylbenzyl)-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H, 3H)-dione under solvent free condition at microwave power 400 W using domestic microwave. The structures of synthesised compounds are confirmed by using spectral studies.                <#LINE#> @ @   Coats S.J., Dyatkin A. B., He W. Lisko J., Ralbovsky J. L. and Schultz M. J., Prokineticin 1 receptor antagonists, Patent WO2006104715 (2006) @No $ @ @   Coats S.J., Dyatkin A. B., He W. Lisko J., Ralbovsky J. L. and Schultz M.J., Pyrimidindione derivatives as prokineticin 2 receptor antagonists, Patent WO2006104713 (2006) @No $ @ @   Coats S. J., Dyatkin A. B., He W., Lisko J. and Miskowski T. A.  Ralbovsky J. L. and Schultz M. J. Prokineticin 2 receptor antagonists, Patent WO2007079214 (2007) @No $ @ @   Gianfranco B., Ilaria L., Claudio T.,  Lucia N.,  Roberta L.,  Elisa G., Annalisa N., Pietro M. and Sergio V. Chiara De N. and Severo S., Triazine Compounds as Antagonists at Bv8-Prokineticin Receptors, J. Med. Chem., 51, 7635–7639 (2008) @No $ @ @  Kaser A., Winklmayr M., Lepperdinger G. and Kreil G. The AVIT protein family, Secreted cysteine-rich vertebrate proteins with diverse functions, EMBO Rep., 4, 469–473 (2003) @No $ @ @   LeCouter J., Kowalski J., Foster J., Hass P., Zhang Z., Dillard-Telm L., Frantz G., Angell L., Deguzman L., Keller G., Peale F., Gurney A., Hillan K.J. and Ferrara N., Identification of an angiogenic  mitogen selective for endocrine gland endothelium, Nature, 412, 876–884 (2001) @No $ @ @   Mollay C., Wechselberger C., Mignogna G., Negri L., Melchiorri P., Barra D. and Kreil G., Bv8, a small protein from frog skin and its homologue from snake venom induce hyperalgesia in rats, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 374, 189–196 (1999) @No $ @ @   Negri L., Lattanzi R., Giannini E. and Melchiorri, P., Bv8/Prokineticin   proteins and their receptors, Life Sci., 81, 1103–1116 (2007) @No $ @ @   Negri L., Lattanzi R., Giannini E., Colucci M., Margheriti F., Melchiorri P., Vellani V., Tian H., De Felice M. and Porreca F., Impaired nociception and inflammatory pain sensation in mice lacking the prokineticin receptor PKR1, focus on interaction between PKR1 and the capsaicin receptor TRPV1 in pain behaviour, J. Neurosci., 26, 6716–6727 (2006) @No $ @ @  Negri L., Lattanzi R., Giannini E., Colucci M. A., Mignogna G., Barra D., Grohovaz F., Codazzi F., Kaiser A., Kreil G. and Melchiorri P., Biological activities of Bv8 analogues, Br. J. Pharmacol, 46, 625–632 (2005) @No $ @ @  Shojaei F., Wu X., Zhong C., Yu L., Liang X. H., Yao J., Blanchard D., Bais C., Peale F. V., Van Bruggen N., Ho C. Ross J., Tan M., Carano R. A., Meng Y. G. and Ferrara, N. Bv8 regulates myeloid-cell-dependent tumour angiogenesis, Nature, 450, 825– 831 (2007) @No $ @ @  Thompson W. J. and Melamed J. Y. Preparation of morpholinecarboxa-mides as prokineticin 2 receptor antagonists, Patent WO2007067511 (2007) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Synthesis, characterization and Biological studies of Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes with New Bidentate Shiffs base ligands as 4-hydroxy-3-(1-(arylimino)ethyl)chromen-2-one<#LINE#>@GirgaonkarM.V.,S.G.@Shirodkar<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>18.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-127.pdf<#LINE#><#LINE#>29/12/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#> NwitatShiff’sasligas,4-hydroxy-3-(1-(arylimino)ethyl)chromen-2-one were synthesized by condensation of primary aromatic amines with 3-acetyl-4-hydroxychromen-2-one. These were characterized by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectral analysis. Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by their mass, IR, electronic and XRD spectral analysis. Magnetic moments and molar conductance properties were studied using standard methods. Octahedral geometry around these metal ions has been proposed on the basis of magnetic and spectral studies. In vitro biological screening effects of the investigated compounds were tested against the bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis by Agar cup method. Fungal species Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium moneliforme and Aspergillus flavus by the posion plate method. A comparative study of inhibition values of the Schiff base ligands and their complexes indicates that the complexes exhibit higher antimicrobial activity than the free ligands.   <#LINE#> @ @  Zalfiqar A. K., Nasim H. R., Mahammad T. H. and Gul S. K. Design, Synthesis and microbial evaluation of some new 3-alkyl-3-(2’-naphthyl)isocumarine and their (dl)-3,4-dihydroderivatives, Indian J Chem., 46B, 1322 (2007) @No $ @ @  O'Kennedy R. and Thornes R. D., Coumarins, Biology, Applications and Mode of Action, Wiley, Chichester, (1997) @No $ @ @  Hesse S. and Kirsch G., A rapid access to coumarin derivatives using Vilsmeier-Haack and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions, Tetrahedron Lett, 43, 1213-1215, (2002) @No $ @ @  Lee B. H., Clothier M. F., Dutton F. E., Conder G. A. and Johnson S. S., Anthelmintic beta-hydroxyketoamides (BKAs), Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett, 8, 3317-3320 (1998) @No $ @ @  Lean, Katz, U.S. Pat. 2, 710, 823, June 14,(1955) @No $ @ @ , Chem. Abstr., 50, 6519 (1956) @No $ @ @ 6. Hosler J., Tschanz C, Higuite C.E. and Azarnoff D. L., Topical Application of Lindane Cream (Kwell) and Antipyrine Metabolism, J. Invest. Dermatol, 74 51-53, (1980) @No $ @ @ 7. Back Gerhard (Ciba Giegy A-G) Ger. Often DE ; 512, 253 (cl.Cog. 1345104) 17 Oct., 1985, H. Appl. 84/1, 751, 06 Apr. (1984) @No $ @ @ 8. Toa. Gosel Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Japan. Kokai Tokkya Koho J.P., 60, 35, 260 (85, 35, 26) (cl.G 01 N31122) 23. Feb. (1985) @No $ @ @ 9. Mutalk V. and Phaniband M.A., Synthesis, characterization, fluorescent and antimicrobial properties of new Lanthanide (III) complexes derived from coumarin Schiff base,, J. Chem. Pharm. Res, 3(2), 313, (2011) @No $ @ @ 0. Joseph J. and Mehta B.H., Synthesis, characterization, and thermal analysis of transition metal complexes of polydentate ONO donor Schiff base ligand, Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry,  33(2), 124, (2007) @No $ @ @  a) Klosa J., Preparation of 4-hydroxycoumarin ketones with the help of phosphoroxychloride, Arch Pharm Ber Dtsch Pharm Ges, 289(2), 104-10 (1956) @No $ @ @  b) Stephen J. F., and Marcus E.,Concerning the postulated rearrangement of 4-acyloxy-and 4-aroyloxycoumarins to 5-acyl-and 5-aroyl-4-hydroxycoumarins, J Org.Chem., 34(9), 2764-2766,  (1969) @No $ @ @ , 110-116 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association  116 12. Gudasi K. B., Shenoy R.V., Vadavi R.S. and Patil S.A., Trinuclear lanthanide complexes of a compartmental ligand N, N' – bis (2-pyridinyl) - 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxamide, a spectroscopic investigation Spectrochimica Acta., Part A, 65, 598-604, (2006) @No $ @ @ 3. Geary W.J., The use of conductivity measurements in organic solvents for the characterisation of coordination compounds, Coord. Chem. Rev., 7, 81, (1971) @No $ @ @ 4. Ferraro, J.R, Low Frequency Vibrations of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, Plenum Press, New York, (1971) @No $ @ @ 5. Singh L.K. and Mitra S., Thermal investigation and stereochemical studies of some cyclic diamine complexes of nickel(II), zinc(II), and cadmium(II) in the solid state J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans, 2089 (1987) @No $ @ @ 6. Venkatesh M. and Phaniband M. A., Synthesis, characterization, fluorescent and antimicrobial properties of new Lanthanide(III) complexes derived from coumarin Schiff base,  J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 3(2), 313-330, (2011) @No $ @ @ 17. A.K. Panda, D.C. Dash, P. Mishra and H. Mahanthy, Synthesis and characterization of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) complexes with a new Schiff base derivative of isonicotinic acid hydrazide, Indian J. Chem.Sect A, 35(4), 324–327 (1996) @No $ @ @ 8. Makode J.T. and Aswar A.S., Transition metal complexes of Bis(S-methyldithiocarbazate) resdiacetophenone (BSMZRD), J. Indian Chem. Soc.,  80, 44 (2003) @No $ @ @ 19. Johnson D.K., Stoklosa H.J., Wasson J.R., and Seebach G. L., Copper(II) complexes with antipyrine, diantipyrylmethane and diantipyrylpropylmethane, J . Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 37, 1397 (1975) @No $ @ @ 0. Sheikh H.N., Hussain A., Sharma M. and  Kalsotra B. L., Synthesis and characterization of indole-3-acetates and indole-3-butyrates of Mo(VI) and W(VI), Indian J Chem, 43A 562, (2004) @No $ @ @ 1. Swartz H.M., Bolton J. R. and Borg D. C., Bio Applications of Electron spin resonance, Wiley Interscience, USA, 411 (1972) @No $ @ @  Patel M.N. and Patel V.J., Studies on Novel Coordination Polymers of a Tetradentate Ligand with Some Transition Metal Ions, synth React inorg met org Chem, 19(2), 137 (1989) @No $ @ @ 3. Sinn E. and Harris C.M., Schiff base metal complexes as ligands, Coord. Chem. Rev., 4, 391 (1969) @No $ @ @ 4. Rao T.S.R., Reddy K.L., Swami J. S. and Lingaiah, P., Thermal, Spectral and Magnetic Studies of Complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) with Substituted Chalcones, Indian J. Chem., 27A, 942-945 (1985) @No $ @ @ 5. Kumar A., Singh G., Handa R.N., Dubey S.N. and Squattrito P.J., Synthesis and characterization of complexes of cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Copper(II) and Zinc(II) with Schiff Bases Derived from Cinnamaldehyde and 4-Amino-3-ethyl-5-mercapto-s-triazole and 4-Amino-5-mercapto-3-N-propyl-s-triazole, Indian J Chem 38 A, 613 (1999) @No $ @ @ 6. Yun Yang, Li Zhang et al., Syntheses, crystal structures and thermal behaviors of three complexes with 4-acyl pyrazolone derivatives Inorg. Chimica Acta., 360, 2638–2646 (2007) @No $ @ @ 27. Cruickshank R., Duguid J.P., Marmion B.P., and Swain R.H.A. , Medical Microbiology, Churchill Livingstone, London (1998) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Optimum efficiency of photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage containing Brilliant  Black PN-Ammonium lauryl Sulphate - EDTA System<#LINE#>@GenwaK.R.,Anju@Chouhan<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>19.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-130.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Raj, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/12/2011<#LINE#>5/1/2012<#LINE#> Photogalvanic effect was studied in a photogalvanic cell containing Brilliant Black PN as photosensitizer in Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate-EDTA system. A sintered filter was used in H-cell between the diffusion length. In Brilliant Black PN- Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate–EDTA system the photopotential and photocurrent were observed 972.0 mV and 1125.0 mA respectively. The conversion efficiency of the system was observed 3.0490% and fill factor was determined as 0.25. The cell performance (storage capacity) was observed 130.0 minutes in dark. The effects of different parameters on the electrical output of the cell were observed and current-voltage (i -V) characteristics of the cell were also studied. The mechanism was proposed for the generation of photocurrent in photogalvanic cell.  <#LINE#> @ @  Rideal E.K. and Williams D.C., The action of light on the ferrous iodine iodide equilibrium, J. of Chem. Soc.,127,  258-269 (1925) @No $ @ @  Rabinowitch E., The photogalvanic effect I, the photochemical properties of the thionine iron system, J. Chem. Phy., 8, 551-559 (1940) @No $ @ @ , 117-121 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association  121 3. Rabinowitch E., The photogalvanic   effect II, the photogalvanic properties of    the thionine-iron system, J. Chem. Phy., 8, 560-566 (1940) @No $ @ @ 4. Potter A.C. and Thaller L.H.,   Efficiency of some iron-thionine photogalvanic cell, Solar Energy, 3, 1-7(1959) @No $ @ @ 5. Albery W.J. and Archer M. D., The potential of zero current, Eletrochimica Acta, 211,155-1163 (1976) @No $ @ @ 6. Peter D., David R. Hobart N., Litchin N., Hall A. and John E., Sensitization of an iron-thiazine photogalvanic   cell to the blue, An improved match to the insolation spectrum, Solar Energy, 19, 567-570 (1977) @No $ @ @ 7.       Hall D.E., Wildes P.D. and Lichtin N.N., Electrodic phenomena at the anode of the totally illuminated     thin layer iron –thionine photogalvanic cell, J. Electrochem. Soc, 125, 1365-1371(1978) @No $ @ @ 8. Gomer R., Photogalvanic cells, Electrochimica Acta,  20, 13- 20 (1975) @No $ @ @ 9. Nasielsk J., Mesmaeker A. and, Leempoel P.,The photoelectrochmistry of  the Rhodamine B-hydroquinone system at optically transparent bubbling gas electrodes, Electrochimica Acta,  23, 605-611 (1978) @No $ @ @ 0. Ameta S.C., Khamesra S., Chittora A.K. and Gangotri K.M., Used of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate in a photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage, methylene blue –EDTA system, Int. J.  Energy Res., 13, 643-647 (1989) @No $ @ @  Ameta S. C., Khamesra S., lodha S. and Ameta R., Use of thionine- EDTA system in Photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, Chem., 48, 81-86 (1989) @No $ @ @ 2. Dube S., Lodha A., Sharma S.L. and Ameta S.C., Use of an Azur-A-NTA system in a photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion, Int. J. Energy Res., 17, 359-363 (1993) @No $ @ @ 3. Gangotri K.M., Meena R.C. and Meena R., Use of miscelles in photogalvanic cells for solar energy conversion and storage, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide glucose-toluidine blue system, J.  Photochem. Photobiol. A, Chem., 123, 93-97 (1999) @No $ @ @ 4. Gangotri K.M. and Lal C., Use of mixed dyes in photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage, EDTA methylene Blue and Azur-B system, Energy Sources part A, 23, 267-273 (2001) @No $ @ @ 5. Gangotri K.M., Gunsaria R.K., Meena R.C., Use of surfactant in photogalvanic cell  for solar energy conversion and storage, NaLS-Glycerol- Azur A, Afinidad, 60 563-567 (2003) @No $ @ @ 6. Genwa K.R. and Chouhan A., Studies of effect of heterocyclic dye in photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage NaLS -ascorbic System, J. Chem. Sci., 116, 339-345(2004) @No $ @ @ 7. Genwa K.R. and Chouhan A., Role of heterocyclic dye (Azur A) as a photosensitizer in photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage, NaLS-ascorbic acid system, Solar Energy,  80, 1213-1219 (2006) @No $ @ @ 8. Genwa, K.R. and Sonel A., An Approach to Solar energy conversion and storage with Malachite Green-Aribnose-NaLS system, J. Ind. Council   Chem., 24, 78-81(2007) @No $ @ @ 19. Genwa K.R. and Kumar A., Studies in Nile blue-NaLS System for solar energy conversion and Management, photogalvanic performance and Conversion Efficiency, J. Ind. Council.Chem., 26, 181-186(2009) @No $ @ @ 0. Genwa K.R., Kumar A. and Sonel A., Photogalvanic solar cell conversion, study with Photosensitizers Toludine Blue and Malachite Green in Presence of NaLS, Appl.Energy, 86, 1431-1436(2009) @No $ @ @ 1. Genwa K.R., and Chouhan A., Study of   Photogalvanic effect and energy efficiency in Photogalvanic cell Composed of Erythrosine as a Photosensitizer in Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate –EDTA system, J.  Ind. Council Chemists, 28, 60-64 (2011) @No $ @ @  Genwa K.R. and Chouhan A., Study of Electrical parameters and Energy Efficiency in Photogalvanic cell   Containing Erythrosine as a Photosensitizer in Benzethonium Chloride EDTA System, Energy Sci. and Technol., 2, 18-24(2011) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Synthesis and Study of Main Chain Chalcone Polymers Exhibiting Nematic Phases<#LINE#>T@,C.@elR.,@GohilJayvirsinh,K.@PatelNilesh<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>20.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-144.pdf<#LINE#> Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, INDIA  <#LINE#>10/1/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#> The mesogenic main chain polymers of general structure-I were synthesized and their different properties are studied. All the polymers exhibit nematic phases. Classical nematic textures are observed in these polymers. None of the dihydroxy, amino-hydroxy or dicarboxy compounds shows liquid crystalline properties. The role of flexible methylene spacers, degree of polymerization and central linkage on exhibition of all the polymers is discussed. All the polymers are characterized by standard methods.   <#LINE#> @ @  Vora R.A. and  Sheth K.A., Presented at the International Conference of Liquid Crystal Polymers,  Bordeaux, France, July 20, (1987) @No $ @ @  Chudgar N.K. and  Shah  S.N., Liq. Cryst., 4(6), 661 (1998) @No $ @ @  Gaissman T.A. and Clinton R.O.,  J. Am. Chem. Soc., 68,  697 (1984) @No $ @ @  Kumar A., Sinha J.,Bhargava K.P.,and  Shanker K., Ind. J. Chem., 23B,  589 (1999) @No $ @ @  Pickena  S.J., Sikkemab D.J., Boerstoelc H., Dingemansd T.J. and  Van der Zwaagd S., Liquid Crystals, 38 (11–12) @No $ @ @ , 1591–1605 (2011) @No $ @ @ 6. Thaker B.T., Patel P.H., Vansadiya A.D. and Kanojiya J. B., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 515, 135- 147 (2009) @No $ @ @ 7. Thaker B.T.  and  Kanojiya J.B., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 542, 84-98 (2011) @No $ @ @ 8. Iqbal M. and  Dingemans T.J., Eur. Polym. J., 46, 2174 (2010) @No $ @ @ 9. Iqbal M., Mendes E. and Dingemans T.J.,  J. Polym. Sci..Part A: Polym. Chem., 47, 1368 (2009) @No $ @ @ 0. Jeyashella S.  and Subramanian K.,  Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 552, 53–70 (2012) @No $ @ @  Vora R.A., and  Techchandani V., Presented at Fourteenth International Conference on  Liquid Crystals,  Piza, Italy, June (1992) @No $ @ @ 2. Donahoe H.B., Louis E., Benzamin V., Leon F. and Griffin J., J. Org. Chem., 26, 474 (1961) @No $ @ @ 3. Griffin A.C. and Havens S.J., Poly. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed., 19, 951 (1997) @No $ @ @ , 122-127 (2012) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association  127 14. Dave J.S and Vora R.A., Pramana Suppl., (1), 447 (1975) @No $ @ @ 5. Techniques and Methods of Polymer Evaluation, Edt. Slade, P.E. (Jr.) and Marcel, Dekker, Inc., New       York, 4 (1975) @No $ @ @ 6. Donahoe H.B., Benjamin L. E., Fennoy L. V. and  Greiff  D., J. Org.  Chem., 26, 474 (1990) @No $ @ @ 7. Geissman T.A. and  Clinton R. O.,  J. Am. Chem. Soc., 68, 697 (1946) @No $ @ @ 18. Kumar A., Sinha J., Bhargava K.P. and  Shanker K., Ind. J. Chem., 23B, 589 (1984) @No $ @ @ 9. Blumstein A., Ed. Liquid Crystalline Order in Polymers, Academic Press, New York, 334-352 (1978) @No $ @ @ 0. Griffin, A.C. and Havens, S. J.,  J. Polym. Sci. Poly. Phys. Ed., 19, 951 (2004) @No $ @ @ 1. Dave J.S. and Vora R.A., Liquid Crystals and Ordered Fluid, Edts. Johnson, J. F. and Porter, R. S., Plenum Press, New York, 477 (1970) @No $ @ @  Frenzel J. and Rehaje G., Macromol. Chem., Repid Commun., 1, 129 (2006) @No $ @ @ 3. Kim C., Jorgen K., Kops R. and  Jette S.,  Macromolecules, 20, 2660 (1987) @No $ @ @ 4. Hans R.K. and Ralf P., Macromolecules,  21, 551 (1988) @No $ @ @ 5. Van. L.D. and Strzelecki L.,  Polym. J., 16, 303 (1980) @No $ @ @ 6. Barrall E.M., Porter R.S. and Johnson J.F., J. Phys. Chem., 71, 1224 (1967) @No $ @ @ 7. Ellerstein S.M., Appl. Polym. Symp., 2, 111 (1966) @No $ @ @ 28. Techniques and Method of Polymer Evaluation, “Edt. Slade, P.E. (Jr), Marcel  Dekker,  New York, 4 (1975) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Hair Fibre Reinforced Concrete<#LINE#>@JainD.,A.@Kothari<#LINE#>1<#LINE#>21.ISCA-ISC-2011-7EngS-12.pdf<#LINE#> Sanghvi Institute of Management and Science, Indore, MP, INDIA  <#LINE#>13/11/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#> Fibre reinforced concrete can offer a convenient, practical and economical method for overcoming micro-cracks and similar type of deficiencies. Since concrete is weak in tension hence some measures must be adopted to overcome this deficiency.  Human hair is strong in tension; hence it can be used as a fibre reinforcement material. Hair Fibre (HF) an alternate non-degradable matter is available in abundance and at a very cheap cost. It also creates environmental problem for its decompositions. Present studies has been undertaken to study the effect of human hair on plain cement concrete on the basis of its compressive, crushing, flexural strength and cracking control to economise concrete and to reduce environmental problems. Experiments were conducted on concrete beams and cubes with various percentages of human hair fibre i.e. 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% by weight of cement. For each combination of proportions of concrete one beam and three cubes are tested for their mechanical properties. By testing of cubes and beams we found that there is an increment in the various properties and strength of concrete by the addition of human hair as fibre reinforcement.  <#LINE#> @ @  Majumdar A.J., Fibre cement and concrete - a review, Garston: Building Research Establishment, (1975) @No $ @ @  Johnston C.D., Definition and measurement of flexural toughness parameters for fibre reinforced concrete, Cement Concrete Aggregate (1982) @No $ @ @  Balaguru Perumalsamy N., Shah Sarendra P., Fiber reinforced cement composites, McGraw Hill International Editions (1992) @No $ @ @  Maidl B.R., Steel fibre reinforced concrete, Berlin: Ernst & Sohn, (1995) @No $ @ @  Johnston Colin D., Fiber reinforced cements and concretes, Advances in concrete technology volume 3 – Gordon and Breach Science publishes  (2001) @No $ @ @  Neville A.M., Properties of Concrete, (2005) @No $ @ @  Gambhir M.L., Concrete Technology, (2009) @No $ @ @  Shetty M.S., Concrete Technology, (2009) @No $ @ @  Ahmed S., Ghani F. and Hasan M., Use of Waste Human Hair as Fibre Reinforcement in Concrete, IEI Journal, Volume 91 FEB, Page no 43, (2011) @No 
<#LINE#>CO2 Emission Reduction potential through improvements in technology from Civil Aviation Sector in India - A Case of Delhi-Mumbai Air Route<#LINE#>Yenneti @Komalirani,Sharma @Rutool <#LINE#>134-144<#LINE#>22.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-13.pdf<#LINE#>GEES, University of Birmingham, UK, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), INDIA@CEPT University, INDIA<#LINE#>26/9/2011<#LINE#>1/11/2012<#LINE#>The intelligence of human being, since the beginning of this world has resulted in the growth of science and technology. Scienceand technology have developed according to the interest and needs of humankind. They are having tremendous impact on humanlives. Advances in DNA technology are being seen as significant, reliable, efficient and accurate tools for law enforcement agenciesto fight crimes. DNA evidences are capable of proving guilt of accused or innocence of accused persons wrongly convicted.Forensic DNA Technology has transformed investigative methods of serious crimes due to its remarkable capability to convictwrongdoers or exonerate accused or convicted offenders. One of the most significant and great qualities of DNA evidence is itsability to solve cold cases. More importantly, DNA technology can quickly lead suspicion away by allowing samples of past crimesthat were never solved to be reassessed. This can result in the arrest of suspect(s) years after the crime was committed. In essence,DNA evidence is rapidly becoming irrefutable proof of identification. The question whether DNA is advancing justice becomesrelevant in cases where police, in their efforts, use DNA evidence to find suspects and solve crimes. Certainly, questions of justiceweigh most heavily when the DNA samples of innocent person is taken, stored and analyzed and falls under the lens of suspicion.Therefore, this paper deals with the utility of DNA Technology in criminal investigation process. Advancement of DNA technologytoward a vision of justice is a focal point of this research paper.<#LINE#>IATA@State of the Air Transport Industry�64th Annual General Meeting@Montreal, June (2007)@No$Yenneti K.@Dissertation on Strategies for Reduction and Controlling GHG Emissions from Civil Aviation Sector in India-A Case of Delhi-Mumbai Air route@CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India (2009)@No$ICAO@Aviation Environment Outlook@available at http://www.icao.org, last accessed on August 2008(2007)@No$IPCC@Aviation and the Global Atmosphere: A Special Report of IPCC Working Groups I and III@by J.E. Penner, David H. Lister, David J. Griggs, David J. Dokken, and Mack McFarland (eds), Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. United Kingdom and New York. NY, USA. June 1999, 373 (1999)@No$IATA@Building a Greener Future@available at http://www.iata.org , last accessed on 15 September 2008, (2008)@No$Aviation Environment Federation@Aviation and Global Climate Change@AEF, London (2000)@No$IPCC@Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing, in S. Solomon@D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H.L. Miller (eds), Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis�Contribution of Working Group I to IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, UK and New York, 129(2007)@No$Herdman A.@Orient Aviation, Greener Skies Conference, Aviation and the Post-2012 Climate Change Policy Regime (Pp. 1-27)@Hongkong: Association of Asia Pacific Airlines. Available at www.aapairlines.org, (2008)@No$Lee S. and European D.@Climate Change Program. Impacts of Aviation On Climate: Why A Diffrent Appraoch May Be Necessary For Non-CO2 Impacts (Pp. 2-4)@Manchester: Manchester Metropolitan University (2006)@No$@Aviation Environment federation, Aviation and global climate change@London AEF (2000)@No$@Jacobs Consultancy Canada Inc. Canadian Aviation and Greenhouse Gases�Literature Review@Jacobs Consultancy, Ontario, (2007)@No$ICAO@Proposals for Strategies and Measures to Achieve Emissions Reduction�s, 1033 Civil Aviation Sector in India@Montreal. 7�9 October 2009, (2009)@No$Stough K.B.@Air Transport Networks-Theory & Policy Implications@Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. (2000)@No$@CII & NCAER. The future of civil aviation in IndiaStructure@policy, regulation and infrastructure. New Delhi: IDFC. (2000)@No$Senguttuvan P.@Global Trends in Air Transport: Traffic, Market Access & Challenges@Delhi International Airport Private Limited. Indira Gandhi International Airport. New Delhi, India, (2008)@No$@India Infrastructure research, Aviation in India � 2008@Delhi: India infratsructure Publishing Pvt. Ltd. (2008)@No$Dutta A.P.@Suspended Animation@Down to Earth, 34-36 (2008)@No$@Alarming Rise In Fog And Pollution Causing A Fall In Maximum Temperature Over Delhi, Journal of Current Science@R.K. Jenamani, IMD Center. Delhi Airport, (2007)@No$Kim B., Fleming G., Balasubramanian S., Malwitz A., Lee J., Ruggiero J., Waitz I., Klima K., Stouffer V., Long D., Kostiuk P., Locke M., Holsclaw C., Morales A., McQueen E. and Gillett W.@SAGE: The System for Assessing Aviation�s Global Emissions@FAA-EE-2005-01, USA, (2005)@No$Karagozian A., Dahm W., Glasgow E., Howe R. and Kroo I.@Technology Options for Improved Air Vehicle Fuel Efficiency: Executive Summary and Annotated Brief@United States Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, Washington DC, (2006)@No$Director of Federal Register@Control of Air Pollution from Aircraft and Aircraft Engines; Emission Standards and Test Procedures@USA: US EPA, available at http:/www.epa.gov/edocket/ (2005)@No$Greener by Design@Mitigating the Environmental Impact of Aviation: Opportunities and Priorities, Report of the Greener by Design Science and Technology Sub-Group@Royal Aeronautical Society, United Kingdom, (2005)@No$Hamilton K., Stewart E. and Waage S.@Off setting Emissions. A Business Brief on the Voluntary Carbon Market@Ecosystem Market Place and Business for Social Responsibility (2006)@No$Herdman A.@Orient Aviation: Greener Skies Conference, Aviation and the Post-2012 Climate Change Policy Regime (Pp. 1-27)@Hongkong: Association of Asia Pacific Airlines, Available at www.aapairlines.org, (2008)@No$Liebeck R.H.@Design of the Blended Wing Body Subsonic Transport@Journal of Aircraft, 41(1), 10�25 (2004)@No$Blachfield J.@Working Towards the Greener Skies: The Air Bus Family@France: Airbus, (2007)@No$Hodgkinson David, Workign A.C., Paper No. 2@Strategies For Airlines On Aircraft Emissions And Climate Change:Sustainable, Long - Term Solutions@. Melbourne, Australia: The Hodgkinson GroupAviation Advisors, (2007)@No$Paul Peeters, Victoria Williams, and Alexander de Haan, eds@Technical and Management Reduction Potentials. Edited by Stefan Gossling and Paul Upham@Climate Change and Aviation: Issues, Challenges and Solutions, London: Earth Scan, (2009)@No$Sanghi N.@Government industry partnership to reduce environmental impact of aircraft emissions@New Delhi: Ministry of civil Aviation, (2006)@No
<#LINE#>Characterization the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solution in Fluidized Bed Column by Rice Husk Adsorbent <#LINE#>Al-Sultani @Kadhim F.,Al-Seroury @F.A. <#LINE#>145-151<#LINE#>23.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-18.pdf<#LINE#>College of Material eng. Babylon, University IRAQ@Faculty of Science, King-Abdul-Aziz, University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia<#LINE#>3/10/2011<#LINE#>8/11/2011<#LINE#>Pollution deals with the modification of the natural physical and chemical environment of the earth of human activity. Phenolis one of the most toxic industrial pollutants and even at low concentration it is reported to affect water quality and is harmful tohuman health. The objective of this study is to contribute in the search for less expensive adsorbents and their utilizationpossibilities for agricultural waste by � products such as rice husk, for the elimination of phenol from aqueous solution.Experiments have been conducted to examine the liquid � phase adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution by rice husk RH andactivated rice husk ARH(pretreated by 13 M H2SO4 with 0.5 NaOH and thermally treated at 573k). Fluidized bed columnkinetic and isotherm studies were carried out evaluate the effect pH 2 -10, initial phenol concentration 50 � 200 mg/l ,differentbed height 5 � 30 cm , different temperature 298 � 338 K and different flow rate 1 � 7 cm3/s , with 90 min operated the system. Thesorption data obtained from studies at optimized conditions have been subject Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm studies. The datafits well to both the Langmuir and Freundish isotherm models indicating favorable and monolayer adsorption. X � ray diffractionanalysis , which indicates that the RH and ARH mainly consist of amorphous materials. The adsorbent were characterized usingFTIR, it was found that the pretreatment of rice husk increase the specific surface area and changed the functional groups ,therefore leads to increase the capacity of adsorption.<#LINE#>Mahvi A.H@Application of Agricultural Fibers in Pollution Removal from Aqueous Solution@Int. J. Environ Sci. Tech., 5(2), 275-285 (2008)@No$Nayak P.S. and Singh B.K.@Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solution by Sorption on Low Cost Clay@Desalinating, 20, 771-79 (2007)@No$Al � Husseiny H.A.@improving of Effluent Sewage by Treatment with Local Materials@Msc Thesis, College Eng. Babylon University, Iraq, (2011)@No$Adekola F.A and Adegoke H.I.@Adsorption of Blue � Dye on Activated Carbons produced from Rice Husk@Coconut Shell and Coconut Coirpith, Ife Journal of Science, 7(1), (2005)@No$Cherifi H., Haninia S. and Bentaher F.@Adsorption of Phenol from Waste water Using Vegetal Cords as a new Adsorbent@Desalination, 244, 177- 187 (2009)@No$Daffalla S.B., Mukhtar H. and Shaharun M.S.@Characterization of Adsorbent Developed from Rice Husk@Effect of Surface Functional Group on Phenol Adsorption Journal of Applied Sciences, (2010)@No$Bable S. and Kurniawan T.A.@Low � Cost Adsorbent for Heavy Metals Uptake For Contaminated Water@A review J. Hazard. Mater, 97, 219-243 (2003)@No$El-Said A.G. Badawy N.A. and German S.E.@Adsorption of Cadmium (II) and Mercury (II) on to Natural Adsorbent Rice Husk and Ash (RHA) from Aqueous Solutions@Study in Single and Binary System, Journal of American Science, 6(12), (2010)@No$Safa Y. and Bhatti H.N.@Adsorptive Removal of Direct Dyes by Low Cost Rice Husk, Effect of Treatments and Modification@African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(16), 28�3142 (2011)@No$Ong S.T., Keng P.S., Chong A.W., Lee S.L. and Hung Y.T.@Tartaric Acid Modified Rice Hull as a Sorbent For Methylene Blue Removal@Americal Journal of Environmental Sciences, 6(3), 244-248 (2010)@No$Al-Sultani K.F.@The Removal of Water Pollutants in Fluidized Bed Column by Adsorption@MSc. Thesis, University of Technology, Iraq (1999)@No$Jordan W., Van Barneveld Gelich H. kleinc O.� Boymann M. and VllrichJ., Phenol, Ullmann N.@Encyclopedia of Industrial chemistry@Wiley � VCH Verlag, (2002)@No$Aly Y., Okasha and Ibrahim H.G.@Phenol Removal from Aqueous System by Sorption of Using some Local Waste Materials@EJEAF Che, 9(4), 796 � 807 (2010)@No$Zainal A.S. BT@Adsorption of by Activated Carbon Produced from Decanter Cake B.Sc. Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Eng Unive@rsity Malaysia Pahang (2009)@No$Busca G., Beradinelli S., Resini S., Arrighi C.@Technologies for the Removal of Phenol from Fined Systems@J. Hazardous Materials, 160, 265�288, (2008)@No$Maleki A., Mahvi A. H., Ebrahimi R. and Khan J.@Evolution of Barley straw and its Ash in Removal of Phenol from Aqueous System@Word Appl. Sci. J., 8(3)369-373 (2010)@No$Ahmad H.B., Aleem M. and Anwar T.@Comparative Studies for the Adsorption of Remazol Blue on Rice Husk@Saw Dust and Charcoal, J. Chem . Soc. Pak., 33(4) (2011)@No$Imagawa A., Seto R. and Nagaosa Y.@Adsorption of chlorinated Hydrocarbons from Air and Aqueous Solutions by Carbonized Rice Husk@Carbon, 38, 623 �641, (2000)@No$Aksu Z., Tatli A. and Tunc O.@A Comparative Adsorption/Biosorption Study of Acid Blue 161, Effect of Temperature on Equilibrium and Kinetics Parameters@Chem. Eng. Journal, 142, 33-39 (2008)@No$Langmiur T.@The Constitution and Fundamental Properties of Solid and Liquids@Journal American Chemical Soc., 38, 2221-2295 (2000)@No$Imyim A. and Prapaimrungsi E.@Humic Acids Removal from Water by Aminopropyl Functionalized Rice Husk Ash@Journal of Hazardous Materials, 184, 775-781(2010)@No$Rozainee M., Nogo S., Salema A., Tan K., Ariffin M., Zainura Z.@Effect of Fluidising Velocity on the Combustion of Rice Huslc in a Benc-Scale Fluidiesed Bed Combustor for the Production of Amorphous Rice Husk@Bioresour Technol. 99, 703-713, (2008)@No$Sarvinder T., Parkh B. and Pant K.@Investigation on the Sorption of Aluminum in Drinking Water by Low, Cost Adsorbents@Water SA, 32(1) (2006)@No$Mall I.D., Srivastavan V.C. and Mishre I.M.@Characterization of Mesoporous Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Adsorption Kinetics of Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution onto RHA.@J. Hazard. Mater, B134, 257-267, (2006)@No$Garg V.K., Bansal M., Garg U. and Singh D.@Removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous Solutions Using PreConsumer Processing Agricultural Waste@A Case Study of Rice Husk, Journal Hazard Materials, 162,3125-320 (2009)@No
<#LINE#>Carbon monoxide oxidation on LaCoO3 perovskite type catalysts prepared by reactive grinding<#LINE#>Patel @Femina, Patel @Sanjay <#LINE#>152-159<#LINE#>24.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-19.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, INDIA@Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, INDIA<#LINE#>4/10/2011<#LINE#>9/1/2012<#LINE#>Perovskite oxides are used as promising three way catalysts for the removal of exhaust gases because of their low cost, thermal andmechanical stability at relatively high temperature, great diversity and excellent redox properties The major traditional drawbackof perovskites is the low specific surface area (usually several m2/g) due to their preparation that involves a rather hightemperature (often as high as 8000C) to ensure the formation of the crystalline phase. This suppresses their activity and to somedegree limits their application. A new preparation method called reactive grinding was developed for the synthesis of perovskites atroom temperature via high-energy ball milling resulting in a relatively high surface area. Perovskite type mixed oxides LaCoO3with high specific surface area was prepared by reactive grinding. These catalysts was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),Scanning electron microscope (SEM) - Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX or EDS) and BET surface analysis. Theformation of the perovskite structure has been shown by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for all samples. The catalytic performance of thesamples for carbon monoxide was evaluated. LaCoO3 found significantly more active than a reference sample prepared byconventional synthesis method using amorphous citrate complexes. The activity per unit surface area was found to depend ongrinding conditions and calcinations temperature. These enhanced activities are associated with both rather high surface area andhigh defect density reached by the reactive grinding synthesis method.<#LINE#>Thakur Prabhat Rahul, Mathur Anil and Balomajumder Chandrajit@Biofiltration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) � An overview@Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(8), 83-92 (2011)@No$Bera A. and Hegde M.S.@Recent advances in auto exhaust catalysis@Journal of the Indian Institute of Science, 90(2), 299-325 (2010)@No$Shinjoh H.@Rare earth metals for automotive exhaust catalysts@Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1061-1064 (2006)@No$Zhang R., Villanueva A., Alamdari H. and Kaliaguine S.@Catalytic reduction of NO by propene over LaCO1- xCuxO3 perovskites synthesized by reactive grinding@Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 64, 220-233(2006)@No$Mouza A.A., Peolides C.A. and Paras S.V.@Utilizationof used auto-catalytic converters in small countries: theGreek paradigm@Resources, Conservation andRecycling, 15, 95-110 (1995)@No$Nishita Y., Mizuki J., Tanka H., Uenishi M. andKimura M.@Self-regeneration of palladium-perovskitecatalysts in modern automobiles@Journal of Physicsand Chemistry of Solids, 66, 274 � 282 (2005)@No$He H., Dai H. and Au C.@An investigation on theutilization of perovskite type oxides La1-xSrxMO3(M=Co0.77Bi0.20Pd0.03) as three way catalyst@AppliedCatalysis B: Environmental, 33, 65-80 (2001)@No$Giannakas A., Leontiou A., Ladavos A. and PomonisP.@Characterization and catalytic investigation ofO+CO reaction on Perovskites of the general formulaLaxM1-xFeO3 ( M= Sr and/or Ce) prepared via a reversemicelles micro emulsion route@Applied Catalysis A:General, 309, 254-262 (2006)@No$Fabbrini L., Rossetti I. and Forni L.@Effect of primer onhoneycomb-supported La0.9Ce0.1CoO3�d perovskite formethane catalytic flameless combustion@AppliedCatalysis B: Environmental, 44, 107-116 (2003)@No$Screen T.@Platinum group metal perovskite catalysts �Preparation and Application@Platinum Metals Review,51(2), 87�92 (2007)@No$Seyfia B., Baghalhaa M. and Kazemianb H.@ModifiedLaCoO3 nano-perovskite catalysts for theenvironmental application of automotive CO oxidation@Chemical Engineering Journal, 148, 306�311 (2009)@No$Nishihata Y.@Cleaning up catalyst@News and views,Nature, 418, 138 (2002)@No$Farrauto R. J. and Heck R. M.@Catalytic converter:State of the art and perspective@Catalysis Today, 51,351 - 360 (1999)@No$Belton D.N. and Taylor K.C.@Automobile exhaustemission control by catalysts@Current Opinion in SolidState and Material Science, 4, 97-102 (1999)@No$Matsumoto S.@Recent advances in automobile exhaustcatalyst, Catalysis Today@90, 183-190 (2004)@No$Twigg M.V.@Automotive exhaust emission control@Platinum Metal Review, 47 (4), 157-162 (2003)@No$Koltsakis G.C. and Stamatelos A.M.@Catalyticautomotive exhaust after treatment@Progress in EnergyCombustion Science, 23, 1-39 (2007)@No$Singh U., Li J., Bennett J., Rappe A., Seshadri R. andScott S.@A Pd-doped perovskite catalyst@BaCe1-xPdxO3-d for CO oxidation, Journal of Catalysis, 24,349-358 (2007)@No$Royer S., Berube F. and Kaliaguine S.@Effect of thesynthesis conditions on the redox and catalyticproperties in oxidation reduction of LaCo1-xFexO3@Applied catalysis A: General, 282, 273-284 (2005)@No$Alifanti M., Florea M. and Parvulescu V.I.@Ceriabasedoxides as supports for LaCoO3 perovskitecatalysts for total oxidation of VOC@Applied CatalysisB: Environmental, 70, 400�405 (2007)@No$Luod Y. W. L. and Liu W.@Combustion synthesis andcharacterization of porous perovskite catalysts@Journal of Chemical Science, 119 (3), 237�241 (2007)@No$Zhang R., Villanueva A., Alamdari H. and KaliaguineS.@Cu- and Pd-substituted nanoscale Fe-basedperovskites for selective catalytic reduction of NO bypropene@Journal of Catalysis, 237, 368�380 (2006)@No$Cimino S., Lisi L., Rossi S., Faticanti M. and Porta P.@Methane combustion on perovskites-based structuredcatalysts@Catalysis Today, 59, 19�31 (2000)@No$Ozuomba J.O. and Ekpunobi A.J.@Sol-Gel DerivedCarbon Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells@Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(8), 76-79(2011)@No$Zhang R., Villanueva A., Alamdari H. and KaliaguineS.@Reduction of NO by CO over nanosacle LaCO1-xCuxO3 and LaMn1-xCuxO3@Journal of MolecularCatalysis A: Chemical, 258, 22�34 (2006)@No$Chang Y. and McCarty J.@Novel oxygen storagecomponents for advanced catalysts for emission controlin natural gas fueled vehicles@Catalysis Today, 30, 163-170 (1996)@No$Chicinas I.@Soft magnetic nanocrystalline powdersproduced by mechanical alloying routes@Journal ofOptoelectronics and Advanced Materials, 8 (2), 439-448 (2006)@No$Ghasdi M. and Alamdari H.@CO sensitivenanocrystalline LaCoO3 perovskite sensor prepared byhigh energy ball milling@Sensors and Actuators B, 148,478�485 (2010)@No$Wang Lu C., Liu Y., Chen M., Cao Y., Yong He, WuG., Dai W. and Fan K.@Production of hydrogen bysteam reforming of methanol over Cu/ZnO catalystsprepared via a practical soft reactive grinding routebased on dry oxalate-precursor synthesis@Journal ofCatalysis, 246, 193�204 (2007)@No$Szabo V., Bassir M., Van Neste A. and Kaliaguine S.@Perovskite-type oxides synthesized by reactive grindingPart II: Catalytic properties of LaCo(1-x)FexO3 in VOCoxidation@Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 37,175�180 (2002)@No
<#LINE#>Adsorption Studies of Zn (II) ions from Wastewater using Calotropis procera as an Adsorbent<#LINE#>Vaishnav @Vinod,Daga @Kailash,Chandra @Suresh,Lal @Madan <#LINE#>160-165<#LINE#>25.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-22.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA<#LINE#>11/10/2011<#LINE#>27/2/2012<#LINE#>Increased industrialization and human activities have impacted on the environment through disposal waste containing heavymetals. The presence of heavy metals in the environment can be detrimental to a variety of living species. Metals can bedistinguished from other toxic pollutants, because these are non biodegradable, may undergo transformation, and can have a largeenvironmental, public health, and economic impact. The presence of toxic heavy metal contaminants in aqueous streams, arisingfrom the discharge of untreated metal containing effluents into water bodies, is one of the most important environmental issues.Zinc is an essential mineral, but too much is not beneficial. Symptoms of zinc toxicity include nausea/vomiting, fever, cough,diarrhea, fatigue, neuropathy and dehydration. Adsorption technique is one of the most important technologies for the treatment ofpolluted water from zinc, but seeking for the low-cost adsorbent is the target of this study. Removal of zinc studied using adsorbentprepared from poly vinyl activated charcoal of calotropis procera leaves (PVAC-CP). Batch adsorption experiments performed byvarying adsorbent dose, pH of the metal ion solution and contact time. Adsorption of zinc is highly pH dependent and the resultsindicate that the maximum removal (85.8%) took place at dose 15gm/l in the pH range of 6 and initial concentration of 60 ppm.Kinetic experiments reveal that the dilute zinc solution reached equilibrium within 105 min. the adsorbent capacity was alsostudied the zinc adsorption followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich equation isotherms. Comprehensive characterization ofparameters indicates that PVAC-CP to be an excellent material for adsorption of zinc ion to treat wastewater containing lowconcentration of the metal.<#LINE#>Akporhonor E.E. and Egwaikhide P.A.@ScientificResearch and Essay@2(4), 132-134 (2000)@No$Tiwari R. P., Bala Ramudu P., Srivastava R.K., GuptaM.K., Iran, J. Environ.@Health. Sci@Eng., 2007, 4(3),139-146 (2007)@No$Broadley M.R., White P.J., Hammond J.P., Zelko I. andLux A.@Zinc in plants, New Phytologist@173(4), 677(2007)@No$Hambidge K.M. and Krebs N.F.@Zinc deficiency: aspecial challenge@J. Nutr. 137(4) (2007)@No$Iqbal Ahmad@J.Appl. Sci. Enviorn.Mgt.@9(1), 123-126(2005)@No$Kadirvelu K., Thamaraiselvi K. and Namasivayam C.@Bioresource Techn.@76, 63-65 (2001)@No$APHA@AWWA Standard Methods for Examination ofwater and wastewater 19th Edition Washington DC@(1994)@No$Chand S., Aggarwal V.K. and Kumar P.@Removal ofHexavalent Chromium@(1994)@No$@From the Wastewater by Adsorption. Indian J Environ.Health@36(3), 151-158 (2000)@No$@World Health Organization@Geneva, Guidelines fordrinking Water Quality, (1984)@No$Lanouette K.H.@Heavy Metals Removal@Chem. Eng.,84(21) 73-80 (1977)@No$Freundlich H.@Colloid Capillary Chemistry (London;Metheun)@(1926)@No$Langmuir I J, J.@Amer. Chem. Society@40, 1361 (1918)@No
<#LINE#>Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) For Bus-Based Rapid Transit System (BRTS) Bhopal, MP, India<#LINE#>Rathore @Kanishka Raj,Dhawankar @Aditi,@Gungun <#LINE#>166-171<#LINE#>26.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-23.pdf<#LINE#>MANIT Bhopal, MP, INDIA@MANIT Bhopal, MP, INDIA@MANIT Bhopal, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>12/10/2011<#LINE#>25/1/2012<#LINE#>EIA includes assessing the present status of air, water, land, noise, biological and socio-economic components of environmentbased on secondary data collected from various respective departments. Centrally located, Bhopal, capital city of MadhyaPradesh, is located on a hilly terrain within the Malwa Plateau. With an estimated population of 25 lakhs for the year 2011, itmainly relies on public transport with 48% share of passenger trips; this includes standard buses, mini buses and tempos(magic). Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a high-quality, high-capacity bus service that travels on exclusive lanes along designatedroutes, often compared with the speediness and comforts of a streetcar. BRT buses reducing travel time by 15 to 30 percent andwith proper passenger facilities will surely revolutionize the public transport in Bhopal. While, time saving benefits, fuelsavings, reduction in air pollution and in traffic congestion and noise and vibration reduction fall under the positive impacts,there are some negative impacts on environmental components of this project; which can be seen on three stages: the DesignStage, construction stage and operational stage. This paper predicts possible impacts on different component of environmentduring different phases of BRTS Bhopal and suggests possible mitigation measures for prevention as well as reduction.<#LINE#>Aarti B., Manish G., Rahul M., Rakesh K., Ravi S.and Sachin S.@Efficiency of Bus Rapid Transit Systemin Pune, Kohinoor Business School@Khandala (2010)@No$Walter H.@Bus Rapid Transit: A Cost-Effective MassTransit Technology@Institute for Transportation andDevelopment Policy, New York (2009)@No$@Pimpari-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation@Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed BusBasedRapid Transit System (BRTS) for PCMC (2009)@No$@Institution for Transportation and Development PolicyNewyork@Bus Rapid Transit Planning Guide (2007)@No$@GIDB, AMC, AUDA, CEPT Ahmedabad Bus RapidTransit System@Draft Working Paper-9,Environmental Impact Assessment (2006)@No$@Mehta & Mehta Associates for BMC underJNNURM@City Development Plan (2005)@No$@Bhopal Municipal Corporation@Bus Rapid TransitSystem in Bhopal (2011)@No$@Delhi Integrated Multi-Modal Transit System Ltd.@Delhi BRT System-Survey Report (2008)@No$Jay S., Jones C., Slinn P. and Wood C.@Environmental Impact Assessment: Retrospect andProspect Environmental Impact Assessment Review@27, 287-300 (2007)@No$Lenzen M., Murray, S., Korte, B., Dey, C.@Environmental impact assessment including indirecteffects � a case study using input-output analysis@Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 23, 263-282 (2003)@No$Shepherd A. and Ortolano L.@Strategicenvironmental assessment for sustainable urbandevelopment, Environmental Impact AssessmentReview@16, 321-335 (1996)@No$Fernandes J.@EIA procedure, Landscape ecology andconservation management - Evaluation of alternativesin a highway EIA process@Environmental ImpactAssessment Review, 20, 665-680 (2000)@No
<#LINE#>Study of air pollution tolerance Index of plants growing in Pithampur Industrial area sector 1, 2 and 3, Indore, India<#LINE#>Chouhan @Aarti,Iqbal @Sanjeeda,Maheshwari @R.S.,Bafna @A. <#LINE#>172-177<#LINE#>27.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-26.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Govt. Holkar Science College,Indore,MP, INDIA@Department of Botany, Govt. Holkar Science College,Indore,MP, INDIA@Department of Biochemistry,Govt. Holkar Science College,Indore,MP, INDIA@Department of Biochemistry,Govt. Holkar Science College,Indore,MP, INDIA<#LINE#>13/10/2011<#LINE#>6/1/2012<#LINE#>Clean air, pure water and nutritious food are basic amenities of life but the quality of air, water and land is deterioratingcontinuously. Industrial air pollution is more complex than most other environmental challenges. No physical or chemical methodis known to ameliorate industrial air pollutation. A suitable alternative way is to grow green plants in and around industries.). Airpollution tolerance level differs from plant to plant. Response of plants towards air pollution was assessed by air pollutiontolerance Index (APTI value. We studied air pollution tolerance Index (APTI value) of six plant species i.e Azadirechata indica(Neem) ,Calotropis gigantea, (Aak), Dalbergia sissoo (Shishum), Euginia jambolana(Jamun),Mangifera indica(Aam) and Neriumindicum (Kaner) growing in Pithampur Industrial area sector 1, 2 and 3. The highest APTI was observed in C. gigantea (19.3842)ans lowest in A. indica (7.8796). The highest reduction in APTI was noted in Industrial area sector-3, indicating highest airpollution in that area.<#LINE#>Shannigrahi A.S., Fukushima T. and Sharma R.C.@Tolerance of some plant species considered for greenbelt development in and around an industrial/ urbanarea in India@An overview, Int. J. of Environ. Studies.,2(61), 125- 137 (2004)@No$Ghose M.K. and Majee S.R.@Air pollution caused byopencast mining and its abatement measures in India@J.Enviro, managt., 63(2),193-202 (2001)@No$Agbair P.O. and Esiefarienrhe E.@Air PollutionTolerance Indices (APTI) of some plants aroundOtorogun gas plants in Delta state@Nigeria, J. AppliedSci. Environ.Manage., (13), 11-14 (2009)@No$Odilara C.A., Egwaikhide P.A., Esekhegbe A. andEmua S.A.@Air pollution tolerance indices (APTI) ofsome plant species around llupeju industrial area@LagosJ. Eng. Sci. Appl. 4, 97-101(2006)@No$Lui Y.J. and Ding H.@Variation in air pollutiontolerance index of plants near a steel factroy@Impicationfor landscape plants species selection for industrialareas, WSEAS Trans. on Environ. and Develop, 4, 24-32 (2008)@No$Joshi P. and A. Swami@Physiological responses ofsome tree species.Under road sides automobilepollution stress around city of Haridwar@India, TheEnvironmentalist, 27, 365-374 (2007)@No$Singh and Verma@Phytoremediation of Air Pollutants@A review, In, Environmental BioremediationTechnology, Singh, S.N. and R.D. Tripathi (Eds.),Springer, Berlin Heidelberg., 1, 293-314 (2007)@No$Arnon D.I.@Coenzyme in isolated chloroplast@Polyphenol oxidase in, Beta vulgaris Plant Physiology,24, 1-15 (1949)@No$Singh A.@Practical plants physiology@Kalyanipublishers, New Delhi, 266@No$Abida B. and Harikrishna S.@Evaluation of some treespecies to absorb air pollutants in three industriallocations of South Bengaluru India@E- Journal ofchemistry, 7(S1), 51(2010)@No$Singh S.K. and Rao D.N.@Evaluation of plants for theirtolerance to air pollution. In@Proceedings Symposiumon Air Pollution Control, New Delhi India, 1, 218-224(1983)@No$Tripathi A.K. and Gautam M.@Biochemical parameterof plants as indicator of air pollution@J.Environ.Bio. 28,127-132 (2007)@No$Lakshmi P.S., Sarvanti K.L. and Srinivas N.@Airpollution tolerance index of various plants speciesgrowing in industrial areas@An Int. Biannua J. ofEnviron. Sci., 2, 203-206 (2009)@No$Escobedo F. J., Wagner J. E. and Nowak D. J. Maza DeLe, Rodriguez M. and Crane D.E.@Analyzing the costeffectiveness of Santiago@Chile�s policy of using urbanforest to improve air quality, J. of EnvironmentalManagement., ( 86), 148 � 157(2008)@No$Cheng F.Y., Burkey K.O., Robinson J.M. and BookerF.L.@Leaf extracellular Environ. ascorbate in relation toO3 tolerance of two soyabean cultivars, Environ Pollut.@(150), 355-362 (2007)@No$Swami A., Bhatt D. and Joshi P. C.@Effects ofautomobile pollution on sal (Shorea robusta) and rohini(Mallotus phillipinensis) at Asarori@Dehradun.Himalayan Journal of Environment and Zoology, 18(1), 57 � 61(2004)@No$Larcher W.@Physiological Plant Ecology@Berlin,Springer, (1995)@No$Jyothi J.S. and Jaya D.S.@Evaluation of air pollutiontolerance index of selected plant species alongroadsides in Thiruvananthapuram@Kerala, J.of Environ.Biology., (31) , 379 � 386 (2010)@No$Sasmita Das and Pramila Prasad@Seasonal Variation inair pollution Tolerance Indices and Selection of PlantSpecies for Industrial Areas of Rourkela IJEP.@30 (12),978-988 (2010).@No$Chandawat D.K., Verma, P.U. and Solanki H.A.@airpollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of Tree Species atcross road of Ahmedabad city@Life science Leaflets.,(20), 935-943 (2011)@No$Seyyednejad S.M., Majdian K., Koochak H. andNikneland M.@Air pollution Tolerance Indices of someplants around Industrial Zone in South of Iran@AsianJournal of biological Sciences, 4 (3), 300-305 (2011)@No$Dwivadi A.K. and Tripathi B.D.@pollution toleranceand distribution pattern of plants in surrounding area ofcoal- fired industries@Journal of EnvironmentalBiology, 28(2), 257-263 (2007)@No
<#LINE#>LaCoO3 perovskite catalysts for the environmental application of Auto motive CO oxidation<#LINE#>Patel @Femina,Patel @Sanjay <#LINE#>178-184<#LINE#>28.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-30.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, INDIA@Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, INDIA<#LINE#>15/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#>Perovskite-type oxides were synthesized through conventional citrate methods. The synthesized perovskite materials had thenominal compositions of LaCoO3, LaCo0.8Cu0.2O3, La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 and La0.8Sr0.2Co0.8Cu0.2O3. The catalytic activity of theperovskite samples (for CO oxidation) were measured using a stainless steel reactor with an inlet gas mixture containingexhaust composition as gasoline engine. The prepared perovskite samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption (BET),EDX and XRD analyses. The perovskite catalysts showed good structural and chemical stability and high activity for thecatalytic CO oxidation reaction. The catalyst samples prepared by the citrate method achieved the same CO conversion atlower temperatures than those prepared by the sol gel method. This was attributed to a better-formed perovskite crystals by thecitrate method. Substituted perovskite composition showed higher activity for CO conversions higher than 90%. Hence, for theenvironmental application of the automotive emission control, it can completely eliminate the poisonous CO gas.<#LINE#>Shinjoh H.@Rare earth metals for automotive exhaustcatalysts@Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 408-412,1061-1064 (2006)@No$Thakur Prabhat, Rahul Mathur Anil andBalomajumder Chandrajit@Biofiltration of volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) � An overview@ResearchJournal of Chemical Sciences, 1(8), 83-92 (2011)@No$Heck R. and Farrauto R.@Automobile exhaustcatalysts, Applied Catalysis A: General@221, 443-457 (2001)@No$Traa Y., Burger B. and Weitkamp J.@Zeolite-basedmaterials for the selective catalytic reduction of NOxwith hydrocarbons@Microporous and MesoporousMaterials, 30, 3�41 (1999)@No$Zhang R., Villanueva A., Alamdari H. and KaliaguineS.@Catalytic reduction of NO by propene over LaCO1-xCuxO3 perovskites synthesized by reactive grinding@Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 64, 220-233(2006)@No$Seyfi B., Baghalha M. and Kazemian H.@ModifiedLaCoO3 nano-perovskite catalysts for theenvironmental application of automotive COoxidation@Chemical Engineering Journal, 148, 306-311 (2009)@No$Sharma S., Hegde M., Das R. and Pandey M.@Hydrocarbon oxidation and three-way catalyticactivity on a single step directly coated cordieritemonolith: High catalytic activity of Ce0.98Pd0.02O2@Applied Catalysis A: General, 337, 130�137 (2008)@No$H. Iwakuni, Shinmyou Y., Yano H., Matsumoto H.and Ishihara T.@Direct decomposition of NO into N2and O2 on BaMnO3 � based perovskites oxides@Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 74, 299-306(2007)@No$Ciambelli P., Cimino S., De Rossi S., Lisi L., MinelliG., Porta P. and Russo G.@AFeO3 (A= La, Nd, Sm)and LaFe1-xMgxO3 perovskites as methanecombustion and CO oxidation catalysts: structural@redox and catalytic properties, Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 29, 239�250 (2001)@No$Ciambelli P., Cimino S., Lisi L., Faticanti M., MinelliG., Pettiti I. and Porta P., La,@Ca and Fe oxideperovskites: preparation, characterization andcatalytic properties for methane combustion@AppliedCatalysis B: Environmental, 33, 193�203 (2001)@No$Alifanti M., Blangenois N., Florea M. and Delmon B.@Supported Co-based perovskites as catalysts for totaloxidation of methane@Applied Catalysis A: General,280, 255�265 (2005)@No$Thomas Screen@Platinum group metal perovskitecatalysts � Preparation and Application@PlatinumMetals Review, 51(2), 87�92 (2007)@No$Nishihata Y.@Cleaning up catalyst@News and views,Nature, 418, 138 (2002)@No$Zhang R., Alamdari H. and Kaliaguine S.@Fe-basedperovskites substituted by copper and palladium forNO+ CO reaction@Journal of Catalysis, 242, 241�253(2006)@No$Asuman C., Canan K., Askar K. and Nesrin O.@Catalytic Combustion of Methane over LaaCe�Co(2-a-�)O3�d Perovskite Catalysts@Third Europeancombustion meeting ECM , (2007)@No$Paolo C., Stefano C., Sergio D., Marco F., Luciana L.,Giuliano M., Ida P., Piero P., Gennaro R. and MariaT.@AMnO3 (A=La, Nd, Sm) and Sm1-xSrMnO3perovskites as combustion catalysts: structural@redoxand catalytic properties, Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 24, 243�253 (2000)@No$Ozuomba J. O. and Ekpunobi A. J.@Sol-Gel DerivedCarbon Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells@Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(8), 76-79(2011)@No$Tanakaa H. and Misono M.@Advances in designingperovskite catalysts@Current Opinion in Solid Stateand Materials Science, 5, 381�387 (2001)@No$Strobel R., Baiker A. and Pratsinis S. E.@Aerosolflame synthesis of catalysts@Advanced PowderTechnology, 17(5), 457�480 (2006)@No$Lima R. K. C. de , Batista M. S., Wallau M., SanchesE. A. , Mascarenhas Y. P. and Urquieta-Gonza lez E.A. lez@High specific surface area LaFeCo perovskites� Synthesis by nanocasting and catalytic behavior inthe reduction of NO with CO@Applied Catalysis B:Environmental , 90, 441�450 (2009)@No
<#LINE#>Water Quality Assessment of Raw Sewage and Final Treated Water with Special Reference to Waste Water Treatment Plant Bhopal, MP, India<#LINE#>Kushwah @Ram Kumar,Malik @Suman ,Singh @Archana  <#LINE#>185-190<#LINE#>29.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-64.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Sadhu Vaswani College, Bhopal, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Sadhu Vaswani College, Bhopal, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Sadhu Vaswani College, Bhopal, INDIA<#LINE#>15/11/2011<#LINE#>6/1/2012<#LINE#>This study aims at describing the parameters of waste stabilization technique using anaerobic and facultative ponds. The wastewater samples were taken from raw sewage & final treated water and analyzed physicochemical parameters like conductivity,total hardness and chemical oxygen demand in the 2009. The efficiency of conductivity, total hardness and chemical oxygendemand was significant. The waste water treatment plant system using different materials showed excellent potential forconductivity, total hardness and chemical oxygen demand removal from waste water treatment plant. The results of analysis oftreated water for conductivity, total hardness and chemical oxygen demand (COD) indicate that the final treated water can beused for industrial cooling and agricultural purposes.<#LINE#>Tarundeep G.@Performance monitoring andevaluation of Sewage Treatment Plants based onUASB � Facultative pond Ph. D Thesis@Departmentof Biotechnology and Environment Sciences ThaparUniversity (Punjab) (2010)@No$Perks A.R., Bauer G.A., Devnani S. and BhambaneE.@Wastewater flow monitoring for Mumbai, India@Internal Report for R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd.,Ottawa, Canada, 1�6 (2004)@No$Ou Z., Sun T., Li P., Yediler A., Yang G. and KettrupA.@A production scale ecological engineering systemfor the treatment and reutilization of municipalwastewater in the Inner Mongolia@China, Ecol. Eng.,(9), 71�88 (1997)@No$Bouwer H.@Renovation of wastewater with rapidinfiltration land treatment system@In: Asano T. (Ed.),Artificial Recharge of Groundwater, Butterworth,Boston, 249�282 (1985)@No$Bahgat M., Dewedar M.A. and Zayed A.@Sand-Filtersused for wastewater treatment: build up anddistribution of microorganisms@Water Res., (33),1949 1955 (1999)@No$Jenssen P.D. and Siegrist R.L.@Technologyassessment of wastewater treatment by soil infiltrationsystems@Water Sci. Technol, 22(3/4), 83�93 (1990)@No$Schudel P. and Boller M.@Onsite wastewatertreatment with intermittent buried filters, Water Sci@Technol, 22(3/4), 93�100 (1990)@No$Grady C.P.L. and Daigger G.T.@BiologicalWastewater Treatment@Theory and Application,Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, NY (1997)@No$American Public Health Association (APHA)@Standard methods for the Analysis@7th Edn.,University Press, Washington DC, New York, USA(1989)@No$Government Gazette@Requirements for thepurification of wastewater or effluent@Gazette No.9225, Regulation, 991 (1984)@No$Fatoki S.O., Gogwana P. and Ogunfowokan A.O.@Pollution assessment in the Keiskamma River and inthe impoundmen downstream@Water SA., 29(3), 183-187 (2003)@No$WHO@Guideline for Drinking Water Quality, Vol 1:Recommendations. World Health Organization(WHO)@Geneva, WHO, (1989), Health guidelines foruse of wastewater in agriculture and aquaculture,World Health Organization (1993)@No$Morrison G., Fatoki O.S., Persson L. and Ekberg A.@Assessment of the impact of point source pollutionfrom the Keiskammahoek Sewage Treatment Plant onthe Keiskamma River�pH, electrical conductivity@oxygen demanding substance (COD) and nutrients,Water SA., 27(4), 475-480 (2001)@No$Ogunfowokan A.O., Okoh E.K., Adenuga A.A. andAsubiojo O.I.@Assessment of the impact of pointsource pollution from a university sewage treatmentoxidation pond on the receiving stream-a preliminarystudy@J. App. Sci., 6(1), 36-43 (2005)@No
<#LINE#>Ultrasound assisted semiconductor mediated catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water: Comparative efficacy of ZnO, TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2<#LINE#>Anju @S.G.,Jyothi @K.P.,Sindhu @Joseph,Suguna @Y.,Yesodharan @E.P. <#LINE#>191-201<#LINE#>30.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-79.pdf<#LINE#>School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022 INDIA@School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022 INDIA@School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022 INDIA@School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022 INDIA@School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022 INDIA<#LINE#>26/11/2011<#LINE#>6/1/2012<#LINE#>Sonocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is investigated using ZnO, TiO2 and combination of ZnO and TiO2(ZnO-TiO2) as catalysts, with phenol as the test substrate. The efficacy of the catalysts is in the order ZnO-TiO2 > ZnO > TiO2.The degradation in presence of ZnO-TiO2 is more than the sum of the degradation achieved in presence of the individual oxidesunder identical conditions, thereby demonstrating a synergistic effect. The ratio of the components in the mixed oxide isoptimized. The kinetics of the degradation as well as the influence of various parameters such as catalyst loading, concentrationof the pollutant and pH on the degradation efficiency is evaluated. Maximum degradation is observed in the acidic pH for allcatalysts. H2O2 is formed in the reaction and it undergoes simultaneous decomposition resulting in periodic increase anddecrease in its concentration. This observation of the phenomenon of oscillation in the concentration of H2O2 is the first of itskind in sonocatalytic systems. A mechanism for the degradation of phenol is proposed based on the observations as well as theconcurrent formation and decomposition of H2O2.<#LINE#>Ying-Shih M, Chi-Fanga S, Jih-Gaw L@Degradation ofcarbofuran in aqueous solution by ultrasound and Fentonprocesses: Effect of system parameters and kineticstudy@J Hazardous Mater., 178, 320-325 (2010)@No$Zouaghi R, David B. Suptil J, Djebbar K, Boutiti A,Guittonneau S@Sonochemical and sonocatalyticdegradation of monolinuron in water@Ultrason.Sonochem. 18, 1107-1112 (2011)@No$Torres R.A, Abdelmalek F, Combet E, PetrierC,Pulgarin C@A comparative study of ultrasoniccavitation and Fenton�s reagent for bisphenol A:Degradation in deionised and natural waters@J Hazard.Mater 146, 546-555 (2007)@No$Devipriya S, Yesodharan S@Photocatalytic degradationof pesticide pollutants in water@Solar Energy Mater andSolar Cells, 86, 309-348 (2005)@No$Malato S, Blanco J, Alarcon D.C, Maldonado M.I, ,Fernandez-Ibanez P, Gernjak W@Photocatalyticdecontamination and disinfection of water with solarcollectors@Catalysis Today 122, 137-149 (2007)@No$Joseph C.G, Puma G.L, Bono A, Krishniah D@Sonophotocatalysis in advanced oxidation process: Ashort review@Ultrason., Sonochem. 16, 583-589 (2009)@No$Gogate P.R@Treatment of wastewater streams containingphenolic compounds using hybrid techniques based oncavitation: a review of the current status and the wayforward@Ultrason. Sonochem.15, 1-15 (2008)@No$Torres-Palma R.A, Nieto J.I, Combet E, Petrier C,Pulgarin C@An innovative ultrasaound, Fe2+ and TiO2photo assisted process for bisphenol a mineralization@Water Res. 44, 2245-2252 (2010)@No$Davydov L, Reddy E.P, France P, Smirniotis P@Sonophotocatalytic destruction of organic contaminantsin aqueous systems on TiO2 powders@Appl. Catal.B:Environmental 32, 95-105 (2001)@No$Chen Y.C, Smirniotis P@Enhancement of photocatalyticdegradation of phenol and chlorophenols by ultrasound@Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 41,5958- 5965 (2002)@No$Kritikos D.E, Xekoukoulotakis N.P, Psillakis E,Mantzavinos D@Photocatalytic degradation of reactiveblack 5 in aqueous solutionds: Effect of operatingconditions and coupling with ultrasound irradiation@Water Res. 41, 2236-2246 (2007)@No$Nepiras E.A@Acoustic cavitation: An introduction@Ultrasonics, 22, 25-40 (1984)@No$Poulios I, Avranas A, Rekliti E, Zouboulis A@Photocatalytic oxidation of Auramine O in the presenceof semiconducting oxides@J Chem Technol. Biotechnol.75, 205-212 (2000)@No$Sakthivel S, Neppolian B, Shankar M V, Arabindoo B,Palanichamy M, Murugesan V@Solar photocatalyticdegradation of azodye: Comparison of photocatalyticefficiency of ZnO and TiO2@Solar Energy Mater. andSolar Cells. 77, 65-82 (2003)@No$Anju S.G, Yesodharan S, Yesodharan E.P@Semiconductor mediated sonophotocatalytic degradationof organic pollutants in water@Proc. 23rd Kerala ScienceCongress, Trivandrum 156-157 (2011)@No$Wang J, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Kang P, Xie Y, Lv Y, Xu R,Zhang X@Sonocatalytic degradation of some dyestuffsand comparison of catalytic activities of nanosizedTiO2@nano-sized ZnO and composite TiO2/ZnOpowders under ultrasonic irradiation, UltrasonicsSonochem. 16, 225-231 (2009)@No$Song L, Chen C, Zhang S@Sonocatalytic performance ofTb7O12/TiO2 composite under ultrasonic irradiation@Ultrason. Sonochem. 18, 713-717 (2011)@No$Jain S, Yamgar R, Jayram R.V@Photolytic andphotocatalytic degradation of atrazine in the presence ofactivated carbon@Chem. Eng. Journal, 148, 342-347(2009)@No$Tuziuti T, Yasui K, Sivakumar M, Iida Y@Correlationbetween acoustic cavitation nopise and yielenhancement of sonochemical reaction by particleaddition@J Phys Chem. A 109. 4869-4872 (2005)@No$Pandit A.B, Gogate P.R, Majumdar S@Ultrasonicdegradation of 2.4.6 trichlorophenol in presence of TiO2catalyst@Ultrason.Sonochem. 8, 227-231(2001)@No$Hamdaoui O, Naffrechoux E@Adsorption kinetics of 4-chlorophenol on granulated activated carbon in thepresence of high frequency ultrasound@Ultrason.Sonochem 16, 15-22 (2009)@No$Beckett M.A, Hua I@Impact of ultrasonic frequency onaqueous sonoluminescence and sonochemistry@J.Phys.Chem A 105, 3796-3802 (2001)@No$Chand R, Ince N.H, Gogate P.R, Bremner D.H@Phenoldegradation using 20,300 and 520 kHz ultrasonicreactors with hydrogen peroxide@ozone and zerovalentmetals, Separation and Purification Technology 67, 103-109 (2009)@No$Kuriacose J.C, Ramakrishnan V, Yesodharan E.P@Photoinduced catalytic reactions of alcohols on ZnOsuspensions in cyclohexane: Oscillation in theconcentration of H2O2 formed@Indian J. Chem. 19A,254-256 (1978)@No$Hoffmann A.J, Carraway E.R, Hoffmann M.R@Photocatalytic production of H2O2 and Organicperoxides` on quantum sized semiconductor colloids@Environ. Sci. Technol. 28, 776-785 (1994)@No$Rabindranathan S, Devipriya S,Yesodharan S@Photocatalytic degradation of phosphamidon onsemiconductor oxides@J Hazard. Mater. 102, 217-229(2003)@No$Daneshvar N, Aber S, Dorraji M.S.S, Khataee A.R@Rasoulifard, Preparation and investigation ofphotocatalytic properties of ZnO nanocrystals: Effect ofoperational parameters and kinetic study@World Acad ofSci. Eng. And Technol. 29, 267-272 (2007)@No$Zheng W, Maurin M, Tarr M A@Enhancement ofsonochemical degradation of phenol using hydrogenatom scavengers@Ultrason.Sonochem 12, 313-317(2005)@No$Goel M, Hongqiang H, Majumdar A.S, Ray M.B@Sonochemical decomposition of volatile and nonvolatileorganic compound: A comparative study@Water Res. 38,4247-4261 (2004)@No$Marouani S, Hamdaoui O, Saoudi F, Chiha M@Sonochemical degradation of Rhodamine B in aqueousphase: effect of additives@Chem. Eng. J. 158, 550-557(2010)@No$Madhavan J, Grieser F, Ashokkumar M@Combinedadvanced oxidation processes for the synergisticdegradation of ibuprofen in aqueous environments@JHazardous Mater 178, 202-208 (2010)@No$Wang J, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao G, Zhang G, Ma T, SunW@Investigations on the sonocatalytic degradation ofCongo red catalysed by nanometer rutile powder and various influencing factors@Desalination 216, 196-208(2007)@No$Kaur S, Singh V@Visible light induced sonocatalyticdegradation of Reactive Red dye 198 using dyesensitized TiO2@Ultrason. Sonochem. 14, 531-537(2007)@No$Vijaya laxmi P.N, Saritha Rambabu P.N, Himabindu V@Anjaneyulu Y, Sonochemical degradation of 2 chloro-5methyl phenol assisted by TiO2 and H2O2@J HazardMater. 174, 151-155 (2010)@No$Ou X.H, Lo S.L, Wu C. H@Exploring the interparticularelectron transfer process in the photocatalytic oxidationof 4-chlorophenol@J Hazardous Mater. 137, 1362-1370(2006)@No$Zhow S, Ray A.K@Kinetic studies for photocatalyticdegradation of Eosin B on a thin film of Titaniumdioxide@Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 42, 6020-6033(2003)@No$Neppolian B, Ciceri L, Bianchi C L, Grieser F, Ashokkumar M@Sonophotocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol using Bi2O3/TiZrO4 as a visible lightresponsive photocatalyst@Ultrason. Sonochem 18, 135-139 (2011)@No$Davydov L, Smirniotis P.G@Quantification of theprimary processes in aqueous heterogeneousphotocatalysis using single stage oxidation reactions@JCatal. 191, 105-112 (2000)@No
<#LINE#>Synthesis, Characterization and Hydrophilic Properties of Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 Oxide<#LINE#>Bangale @Sachin,Bamane @Sambaji  <#LINE#>202-206<#LINE#>31.ISCA-ISC-2011-11MatS-01.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidyalaya, Sangli, MS, India@Department of Chemistry, Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidyalaya, Sangli, MS, India<#LINE#>10/9/2011<#LINE#>16/1/2012<#LINE#>This study reports on synthesis of nano sized mixed oxides ZnFe2O4 was prepared by novel self combustion method using urea as afuel. The processing features and the micro structural characteristics of ZnFe2O4 phases formed during self combustion reaction ofthe gels have been investigated by TG-DTA, SEM, XRD, and EDX and TEM. It has been found that the nanoscale compositepowders of ZnFe2O4, directly obtained through the in situ self combustion reactions within the gel are composed of looselyagglomerated particles with sizes of ~100 nm, while these particles themselves are the aggregates of finer ZnFe2O4 and crystallitesof 22- 32 nm in size. The densities of sintered oxides evaluated by different methods are a,roximately same. The superhydrophilicityof the sintered oxides was investigated by wetting experiments, by the sessile drop technique, were carried out at room temperaturein air to determine the surface and interfacial interactions.<#LINE#>Martinelli G., Carotta Cristina M., Ferroni M., SadaokaY. and Traversa E.@Sens. Actuators B Chem@55, 99-110(1999)@No$Tolosa L., Kostov Y., Harms P. and Rao G.@Biotechnol@Bioeng 80 (5), 594-597 (2002)@No$Wittmann C., Kim M.H. and Heinzle J.C.@E.Biotechnol Litt@25 (5), 377-380 (2003)@No$Kim D.H., Yoon J.Y., Park C.H. and Kim K.H.@CO2sensing characteristics of SnO2 thick film by coatingLanthanum oxide@Sens. Actuators B, 26, 61-66 (2000)@No$Marsal A., Cornet A. and Morante R.J.@study of the COand humidity interference in La doped tin oxide CO2gas sensors@Sens. Actuators, B, 94 , 324-329 (2003)@No$Ishihara T., Kometani K. and Takita Y.@Improvedsensitivity of CuO-BaTiO3 capacitive-type CO2 sensorsby additives, Sens. Actuators B@28, 49-54 (1995)@No$Lee M.S. and Meyer J.U.@A new process for fabricatingCO2 sensing layers based on BaTiO3 and additives@Sens. Actuators B, 68, 293-299 (2000)@No$Moseley P.T.@solid state gas sensors@Metas. SciTechnol, 8, 223-237 (1997)@No$Srivastava R. and Dwivedi R. and Srivastava S.K.@Development of high sensitivity tin oxide based sensorsfor gas/odor detection at room temperature@Sens.Actuators B, 50, 175-180 (1998)@No$Tianshu Z., Ruifang Z., Yusheng S. and Xinggin L.@Influence of Sb/Fe ratio and heating temperature onmicrostructure and gas sensing property of Sb2O3-Fe2O3complex oxide semi-conductors@Sens.Actuators B, 32,185-189 (1996)@No$Comini E., Ferroni M, Guidi V., Fagila G, Martinelli G.and Sberverglieri G.@Nanostructured mixed oxidecompounds for gas sensing a@lication, Sens. ActuatorsB, Chem., 84, 26-32 (2002)@No$Rezlescu N., Doroftei C., Rezlescu E. and Popa P.D.@The influence of Sn4+ and /Mo6+ ions on the structure,electrical and gas sensing properties of Mg-FerritePhys@Stat solid A 203, 306-316 (2006)@No$Patil D.R., Patil L.A., Jain G.H., Wagh M.S. and PatilS.A.@Surface activated ZnO thick film resistors forLPG gas sensing@Sens.Transducers J., 74, 874-883(2006)@No$Jin Z., ZhonH.J. and Jin Z.L., Savinell and Liu C.C.@A,lication of nano-crystalline porous tin oxide thin filmfor CO sensing Sens. Actuators B@Chem. 15, 188-194(1998)@No$Ferreira I., Igreja R. ,.Fortunato R. and Martins R.@porous a/hc-Si films produced by HW-CVD as ethanolvapour detector and primary fuel cell@Sens. ActuatorsB, Chem. 103, 344-349 (2004)@No$Gurlo A., Barsan N. and Weimar U.@mechanism ofCO2 sensing on SnO2 and InO3 thick film sensors asrevealed by simultaneous consumption and resistivitymeasurements in the 16th European conference onSolid-state Transducers praque Czech@Republic 15-18Sept, 970-933 (2002)@No$Maffeis T, G., Owen G.T. and Penny M.W., StarkeT.K.H. Clark S.A., Ferkel H. Wilks S.P.@NanocrystallineSnO2 gas sensors response to O2 and CH4 atelevated temperature investigated by XPS@Surf. Sci.520, 29-34 (2002)@No$Rella R., Siciliana P., Capone S., Epifani M., VasanelliL., Liciulli A.@Air quality monitoring by means of SolGelintegrated tin oxide thin film@Sens.Actuators B,Chem. 58, 283-288 (1999)@No$Martins R., Fortunato E., Nunes P.,Fereira I. andMarqunes A.@Zinc oxide as ozone sensors J. A@l. Phys.96, 1398-1408 (2004)@No$Rezlescu N., Iftimie N., Reziescu E., Doroftei C. andPopa P.D.@semiconducting gas sensors for acetonebased on the grained nickel ferrite@Sens. Actuators B,Chem. 114, 427-432 (2006)@No$Dhere S.L. and Latthe S.S., Ka,enstein C., Rao A.V.,J. A@l. Surf. Sci.@256, 3967 (2010)@No$Feng L., Li S., Li H., Zhai J., Song Y., Jiang L. andZhu D.@Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl@41 , 1221(2002)@No$Latthe S.S., Hiroaki Imai, Ganesan V. and Rao A.V., J.A@l. Surf. Sci.@256 , 217 (2009)@No$Chang K.C., Chen Y.K. and Chen H.@Surf. Coat.Technol@202 , 3822 (2008)@No$Crambelli P., et al and Turco@A,l. Catal. B@24, 243(2000)@No$Cullity B.@Elements of X-ray diffraction AddisonWeley@London, 99 (1956)@No$Smith J., Wijn H.P., Phillips N.N. andGloeilampenjabricken@Eindhoven Ferrites Holland@144A, (1959)@No$Venkataraman A., Hiremath A.V., Date K.S. andKulkarni M.S.@Bull. Mater.Sci.24@101 (2000)@No$Kinsman S., Richardson T.H. and Peterson R.V. (NewYork@Academic Press) Systematic materials analysis@Vol. 4, (2000)@No$Klug P.H. and Alexander L.@X-ray diffractionprocedure (New-York, John Wily)@(1962)@No
<#LINE#>Prevalence of Different Factors Responsible for Infertility<#LINE#>Patel @Mital,Jain @Shefali,Jain @Dinesh,Patel @Bhavesh,Phanse @Nandini,Vyas @Priti,Rathore @Pragya <#LINE#>207-211<#LINE#>32.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-61.pdf<#LINE#>PMB Gujarati Science College, Indore, MP, INDIA@Asian Institute of Infertility Management, Indore, MP, INDIA@Asian Institute of Infertility Management, Indore, MP, INDIA@PMB Gujarati Science College, Indore, MP, INDIA@PMB Gujarati Science College, Indore, MP, INDIA@PMB Gujarati Science College, Indore, MP, INDIA@Sanghvi Institute of Management and Science, Rau, Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>17/11/2011<#LINE#>10/3/2012<#LINE#>The present paper deals with investigation of common causes of infertility in human beings. Among the 1000 cases studied at AsianInstitute of Infertility Management and Shefali Jain Test Tube Baby Centre during the period of Oct 2010 to Oct 2011, variedoutcomes were experienced. Among the infertility cases it is very clear that maximum infertility is due to female factors (30.2%).Infertility in females was due to ovulation problem and most infertility cases were seen in age group of 35 to 40. Male factors alsocontributed substantially (19.5%) to infertility. Causes of infertility in males is due to absence of sperm in semen (azoospermia),low count of sperm, motility problem and most infertility cases were seen in age group of 35 to 40. However, in majority ofinfertility cases (37%) the cause of infertility remain unexplained. All the 1000 cases were classified according to their occupationsin to 06 groups. Maximum cases were reported from the group I i.e. academicians, advocates, accountants, bank workers. Farmersstood next in the infertility series. The rest of the groups are at average risk of infertility.<#LINE#>Bongaarts J.A.@Method for estimation offecundability Demography@12, 645-660 (1975)@No$ESHRE Capri workshop@Guidelines to theprevalence, diagnosis@treatment and management ofinfertility, Hum Reprod, 11, 1775-807 (1996)@No$Hull M.G.R., Glazener C.M.A., Kelly N.J., ConwayD.I., Foster P.A., Hinton R.A., et al.@Population studyof causes, treatment and outcome of infertility@BMJ291, 1693-7 (1985)@No$Templeton A., Fraser C. and Thompson B.@Infertility- epidemiology and referral practice@Hum Reprod, 6,1391 (1991)@No$Hull MGR@Infertility treatment, relative effectivenessof conventional and assisted conception methods@Hum Reprod, 7, 785-96 (1992)@No$Howe G., Westhoff C., Vessey M. and Yeates D@Effects of age, cigarette smoking, and other factors onfertility@findings in a large perspective study, BMJ,290, 1697-700 (1985)@No$Mueller B.A., Daling J.R., Weiss N.S. and MooreD.E.@Recreational drug use and the risk of primaryinfertility@Epidemiology, 1, 189-92 (1990)@No$Zaadastra B.M., Seidell J.C., Van Noord P.A. andhabbema J.D., Vrieswijk B. et al@Fat and femalefecundity, prospective study of effect of body fatdistribution on conception rates@BMJ, 306, 484-7(1993)@No$Augood C., Duckitt K. and Templeton A.A.@Smokingand female infertility, A systematic review and metaanalysis@Hum Reprod, 13, 1532-9 (1998)@No$Rosevear S.K., Holt D.W., Lee T.D., Ford W.C.,Wardle P.G. and Hull M.G.@Smoking and decreasedfertilization rates in vitro@Lancet, 340, 1195-6 (1992)@No$Clark A.M., Thornley B., Tomlinson L., Galletley C.and Norman R.J.@Weight loss in obese infertilewoman results in improvement in reproductiveoutcome for all forms of fertility treatment@HumReprod, 13, 1502-5 (1998)@No$Dew J.E., Don R.A., Hughaes G.J., Johnson T.C.,Steigrad S.J.@The influence of advanced age on theoutcome of assisted reproduction@J. Assist ReprodGenet, 15, 210-4 (1998)@No$Nachtigall R.D.@International disparities in accesstinfertility services@Fertil Steril, 85, 871-5 (2006)@No$Rutstein S.O. and Shah I.H. Infecundity@infertility,and childlessness in developing countries. In@DHScomparative reports, Calverton, MD, ORC Macro andthe world health Organization (2004)@No$Nestler J.E., Clore J.N. and Blackard W.G.@Thecentral role of obesity in the pathogenesis ofpolycystic ovary syndrome@Am J Obstet Gynecol,161, 1095-7 (1989)@No$Pasquali R., Patton L. and Gambineri A.@Obesity andinfertility, Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes@14,482-7 (2007)@No$Menken J., Trussell J., Larsen U.@Age and infertility@Science, 233, 1389-94 (1986)@No$Templton A.@Infertility-epidemiology, aetiology andeffective management@HealthBull, 53, 294-8 (1995)@No$ESHRE Capri workshop@Social determinants andhuman reproduction@Hum Reprod, 16,1518-26 (2001)@No$Zenzes M.T.@Smoking and reproduction, genedamage to human gametes and embryos@Hum ReprodUpdate, 6,122-31 (2000)@No$Dorfman S.F.@Tobacco and fertility, ourresponsibilities@Fertil Steril, 89, 502-4 (2008)@No
<#LINE#>Consumer Preferences on Organic and Anorganic Vegetable in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia<#LINE#>Yosini @Deliana <#LINE#>212-218<#LINE#>33.ISCA-ISC-2011-1AFS-08.pdf<#LINE#>Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, INDONESIA<#LINE#>4/10/2011<#LINE#>1/1/2012<#LINE#>Recently consumer back to nature in consuming food. The increasing demand of organic vegetable in supermarket is oneindicator that consumers realized for healthy food. This fenomena occur in many region in Indonesia, especially in big citysuch as Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Palembang, Medan dan Ujung pandang. Organic vegetable are very potential tocultivated, but only few farmer produced organic vegetable, because of the lack information of comsumer preferences.Hopefully, when the farmer get the right information for the consumer needs, the farmer produce the hight profitablevegetable. The purpose of this study to know the description of the characteristics of respondents, who consume organic andanorganic vegetable, how consumer preferences of organic and anorganic vegetable, which are the most dominant attribute ofthese vegetable. The research was conducted in Bandung West Java Indonesia because supermarket in Bandung growthincreased more than other cities in West Java and other provinces in Indonesia ,excluding Jakarta (World Bank,2007). Determination of the respondents conducted in this study is to use simple random sampling to 100 people. Data wasanalysis by Fishbein Model. This research contributes to the goverment policy, consumers of organic product, producers, andinvestors.<#LINE#>Research Center for Agricultural Policy andAgribusiness (CAPAS), UNPAD.@Interim Report ofAMA Project of Manggo and Mangosteen.Collaboration between Research Center forAgricultural Policy and Agribusiness- UNPAD andMichigan State University@USA, 6-9, (2009)@No$@Indonesian Organic Group.@Organic Farm, BogorIndonesia, 1-15 (2010)@No$Kohl.@Marketing of Agricultural Product@PrenticeHall,Inc. New Jersey, USA, 65- 79 (2002)@No$Tirmizi Muhammad Ali. Rechman Kashif-Ur and SaifM. Iqbal.@An Empirical study of consumer impulse buying behavior in local markets@Euro Journal ofSciences Research, 4 (1) 522 � 532 (2009)@No$Engel James F., Roger D. Blackwell and Miniard PaulW.@Consumer Behavior, The McGraw- HillCompanies@Inc. New York (2004)@No$Young Showing@Jane Li Shyh, Huang Yu-Ying andTsai An-Ho.@Analize Word-of- Mouth Effect in Term ofMacro - Behavior : The Herd Behavior in ChineseMarket, Working Paper, 1- 15 (2004)@No$FAO@General concepts and issues in organicagriculture@Environment and Natural ResourcesSeries, No.4. (2005)@No$Britz T. and Ward R.W.@Consumer awareness oforganic products in Spain An a pplication ofmultinomial Logit Models@Food Policy, 34 (3), 295-304 (2009)@No$Gracia A. and Magistris T.@The demand for organicfoods in The South of Italy: A discrete Choice Model@Food Policy, 33, 386-396 (2008)@No$Lockie S., Lyons K., Lawrence G. and Mummery K.@Eating Green motivations behind organic foodconsumption in Australia@Europen Society for RuralSociology, 41(1), 23-40 (2002)@No$Tsakiridou E., Konstantinos M. and TzimitraKalogianniI.@The infuence of consumer characteristicsand attitudes on the demand for organic olive oil@Journal International Food Agribusiness Market, 18,23-31 (2006)@No$Soler F. and Sanched M.@Consumer�s acceptability oforganic food in Spain : Result from an ExperimentalAuction Market@Brithish. Food Journal, 104, 670-687(2002)@No$Frykblom P., and Shogren J.F.@An experimantaltesting of anchoring effects in discrete response@American Journal Agriculture Economics, 16(1), 329-341(2000)@No$Babin B.J. and Babin L.@Seeking something different?,A model of scema typically@consumer affect, purchaseintentions and perceived shopping value, Journal ofBusiness Research, 54 (2), 86 � 96 (2001)@No$Kacen J.J., and Lee J.A.@The influence of culture onconsumer impulse buying behavior@Journal ofConsumer Impuse Buying Behaviour, 12(1), 163 � 176(2002)@No$Dittmar, H. And Drury, J.@Self image - Is it bag ? Aqualitative comparison between ordinary and excessiveconsumers@Journal of Economics Psychology, 21 (2),109 � 142 (2000)@No$Bourn D. and Prescott J.@A comparison of thenutritional value, sensory qualities and food safety oforganically and conventionally produced foods@CriticalReviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 42(1), 1 -34(2002)@No$Gagliardi J.V. and Karns J.S.@Leaching of Escherichiacoli 0157 H7 in Diverse soils under various agriculturalmanagement practices@Applied Environmental Micro,66, 877-883 (2000)@No$Hussein H.S.@On farm factors can decrease risk of E.Coli contamination@Feedstuffs, 13, 18-23 (2000)@No$Kumar Sushil and Jabir Ali@Analyzing the factorsaffecting consumer awareness on organic foods inIndia@Paper presenting at 21th Annual IFAMA WordForum and Symposium on The Road to 2050 :Sustainability as a business opportunity, Frankfurt,Germany, 1-8 (2011)@No$Bora Abhijit@Science communication through massmedia@Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(1), 10-15 (2012)@No
<#LINE#>Glutathione S-Transferase gene polymorphisms (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1) as increased risk factors for asthma and COPD among Isocyanate exposed population of Bhopal, India<#LINE#>Bose @P,Bathri @R. <#LINE#>219-223<#LINE#>34.ISCA-ISC-2011-13MediS-25.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Karond Bypass Road, Bhopal (MP), INDIA-462038@Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Karond Bypass Road, Bhopal (MP), INDIA-462038<#LINE#>30/11/2011<#LINE#>9/1/2012<#LINE#>The release of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in Bhopal, India, caused the worst industrial accident in history. Isocyanates are themost common low molecular weight chemicals to cause asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD),whereas their metabolites may be conjugated with glutathione by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are enzymes involved in the detoxification of hazardous agents. We examined whether polymorphisms in the GSTM1,GSTP1 and GSTT1 genes modify allergic responses to isocyanate exposure, thus increasing risks for the development ofisocyanate related- pulmonary disorders in a cohort of Bhopal. We compared clinical data - including gender, age and smokinghabits - between the 2 groups. The study population consisted of 54 methyl isocyanate exposed subjects. Genotyping thepolymorphisms in the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes was performed using the multiplex PCR. The GSTP1 ILe105Val polymorphismwas determined using PCR-RFLP. GSTP1 genotype was significantly associated with the increased risk of asthma and COPD(RR =1.66, 95%CI, 0.412-3.29 and RR=1.586 ; 95%CI, 0.75-3.33 respectively). Asthmatic had a higher prevalence of theGSTP1Ile105val allele than the COPD group (53.48% and 44.1%, respectively; p =0 .002). Also, the presence of the GSTP1homozygote Val/Val was less common in subjects with asthma (39.53%) than in COPD group (62.79%). Polymorphisms withingenes of the GST superfamily were associated with risk of asthma and COPD in Bhopal population. No differences in genotypefrequencies were perceived in patients stratified by age and gender. GSTM1 and GSTT1 had almost no association. The resultssuggest, for the first time, that the polymorphic GSTs, especially GST(P1), play an important role in inception of ill effectsrelated to exposure to methyl isocyanate. Although about half of the subjects with lower FEV1 had never smoked, smoking wasthe main risk factor for the decreased FEV1 in COPD and asthmatic subjects. Our series of studies identified GST variants as apotential susceptibility locus to asthma and to lower lung function in COPD, asthmatic subjects, which may support thecontention that genetic determinants of lung function influence susceptibility to asthma.<#LINE#>Bessac B.F., Sivula M., Von Hehn C.A., Caceres A.I. ,Escalera J. and Jordt S.E.@Transient receptor potentialankyrin 1 antagonists block the noxious effects of toxicindustrial isocyanates and tear gases@FASEB J., 23(4),1102�1114 (2009)@No$Chen C., Arjomandi M., Tager I.B., Holland N. andBalmes J.R.@Effects of antioxidant enzyme polymorephisms on ozone-induced lung function changes@Eur.Resp. J, 30(4), 677-683 (2007)@No$Hirvonen A., Saarikaski S.T., Linnainmaa K., KoskinenK., Husgafvel-Pursiainen K., Mattson K., Vainio,H.@Glutathione 5-Transferase and /V-AcetyltransferaseGenotypes and Asbestos-Associated PulmonaryDisorders@J.National Cancer Instt., (88), 24 (1996)@No$Gilliland F.D., Li Y.F., Dubeau L., Berhane K. , AvolE., McConnell R. , Gauderman W.J. and Peters J.M.@Effects of Glutathione S-Transferase M1, MaternalSmoking during Pregnancy@and EnvironmentalTobacco Smoke on Asthma and Wheezing in Children,Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med, 166, 457-463 (2002)@No$Zhao L. and Bracken M.B.@Association of CD14 -260(-159) C >T and asthma, a systematic review and metaanalysis.BMC Medical Genetics@12,93 (2011)@No$Hanene C., Jihene L., Jamel A., Kamel H., and Agn`esH.@Association of GST Genes Polymorphisms withAsthma in Tunisian Children@Mediators ofInflammation, 1-6 (2007)@No$Nakamura Y., Miyata M. and Ohba T., et al.@Cigarettesmoke extract induces thymic stromal lymphopoietinexpression, leading to T(H)2-type immune responsesand airway inflammation@J Allergy Clin Immunol,122(6), 1208�1214 (2008)@No$Mannino D.M., Buist A.S., Petty T.L., Enright P.L. andRedd S.C.@Lung function and mortality in the UnitedStates, data from the First National Health and NutritionExamination Survey follow up study@Thorax, 58(5),388�393(2003)@No$Svanes C., Sunyer J. and Plana E, et al@Early lifeorigins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease@Thorax, 65(1), 14�20 (2010)@No$Lakhdar R., Denden S., Kassab A., Leban N., Knani J.,Lefranc G., Miled A., Chibani J.B. and Khelil A.H.@Update in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, roleof antioxidant and metabolizing gene polymorphisms@Exp Lung Res, 37(6), 364-75 (2011)@No
<#LINE#>Surface Tension of Binary Liquid Mixtures at 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K<#LINE#>Shukla @R.K.,Awasthi @Naveen,Gangwar V.S. Singh@V.S. ,Singh@S.K,Srivastava @Kirti <#LINE#>224-231<#LINE#>35.ISCA-ISC-2011-15PhyS-10.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, V.S.S.D.College, Kanpur-208002, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, V.S.S.D.College, Kanpur-208002, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, V.S.S.D.College, Kanpur-208002, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, V.S.S.D.College, Kanpur-208002, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, V.S.S.D.College, Kanpur-208002, INDIA<#LINE#>16/11/2011<#LINE#>2/2/2012<#LINE#>Densities and surface tensions were measured for the binary liquid mixtures formed by benzonitrile, and benzyl alcohol withbenzene at 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure over the whole concentration range. Prigogine-Flory-Pattersonmodel (PFP), Ramaswamy and Anbananthan (RS), model derived by Glinski, Sanchez equation, Goldsack relation and Eberhartmodels were utilized to predict the associational behavior of weakly interacting liquids. The measured properties were fitted toRedlich-Kister polynomial relation to estimate the binary coefficients and standard errors. Furthermore, McAllister multi bodyinteraction model was also used to correlate the binary properties. These non-associated and associated models were comparedand tested for different systems showing that the associated processes yield fair agreement between theory and experiment ascompared to non-associated processes.<#LINE#>Daubert T.E. and Danner R.P.@Physical andThermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals@Hemisphere, New York (1989)@No$Pandey J.D., Rai R.D. and Shukla R.K.@Statisticalsurface thermodynamics of quaternary liquid system@J.Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans I., 85, 331-343 (1989)@No$Poling B.E., Prausnitz J.M. and Connell O.@TheProperties of Gases and Liquids@Macgraw Hill, NewYork (2001)@No$Kahl H. and Enders S.@Calculation of SurfaceProperties of Pure Fluids using Density GradientTheory and SAFT-EOS@Fluid Phase Equilibria, 172, 27-42 (2000)@No$Ramaswamy D., Anbananthan, Acustica 48, 281-282(1981):@Determination of the conditional associationconstants from the sound velocity data in binaryliquid mixtures@J.Chem.Phy. 118, 2301-2307 (2003)@No$Glinski J.@Determination of the conditionalassociation constants from the sound velocity data inbinary liquid mixtures@J.Chem.Phy. 118, 2301-2307(2003)@No$Abe A. and Flory P.J.@The thermodynamic propertiesof mixtures of small non-polar molecules@J.Am.Chem.Soc. 82, 1838-1845 (1965)@No$Prigogine I., Bellemans A., Mathod A.@MolecularTheory of Solutions@North-Holland, Amsterdam(1957)@No$Patterson D. and Rastogi A.K.@The surface tension ofpolyatomic liquids and the principle of correspondingstates@J.Phy.Chem. 74, 1067-1071 (1970)@No$Sanchez I.C.@Liquids Surface tension,compressibility and invariants@J.Chem. Phys. 79, 405(1983)@No$Goldsack D.E. and Sarvas C.D.@Volume fractionstatistics and the surface tensions of non-electrolytesolutions@Can. J. Chem., 59, 2968 (1981)@No$Eberhart J.G.@The surface tension of binary liquidmixtures@J.Phys. Chem., 70, 1183 (1966)@No$Redlich O., Kister A.T.@Thermodynamics ofnonelectrolytic solutions. Algebric representation ofthermodynamic properties and the classification ofsolutions@Ind. Eng. Chem. 40, 345-348 (1948)@No$McAllister R.A.@The viscosity of liquid mixtures@AIChE J. 6, 427-431 (1960)@No$Riddick J.A., Bunger W.B. and Sakano T.K.@Organic Solvents Techniques of Chemistry@4th Ed.Willey: New York (1986)@No$Prigogine I., Saraga L.@Test of monolyer model forsurface tension of simple liquids@J.Chem. Phys. 49,399-407 (1952)@No$Aralaguppi M.I., Jadar C., Aminabhavi, T.M.@Density viscosity, refractive index and soundvelocity in binary mixtures of 2-chloroethanol withmethyl acetate@ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate and nbutyleacetate, J.Chem.Eng.Data, 44, 441 (1999)@No$Shukla R.K., Awasthi N., Kumar A., Shukla A. andPandey V.K.@Prediction of Associational Behaviourof Binary Liquid Mixtures from Viscosity Data@J.Molliq. Liq. 158,131-138 (2011)@No$Ali A. and Tariq M.@Surface thermodynamicbehavior of binary liquid mixtures of benzene + 1, 1,2, 2-tetrachloro ethaneat different temperatures: anexperimental and theoretical study@Phys. Chem. Liq.,46, 47-58 (2008)@No$Rodrignez A., Canosa J. and Tojo J.@Density,refractive index and speed of sound of binarymixtures (diethyl carbonate + alcohols) at severaltemperatures@J.Chem.Eng.Data, 46, 1506 (2001)@No$Shukla R.K. Kumar, Atul. Srivastava, Kirti Singh,Neetu@A comparative study of the PFP and BABmodels in predicting the surface and transportproperties of liquid ternary systems@J. Solution.Chem., 36, 1103-1116 (2007)@No$Pandey J.D., Candra Prakesh, Srivastava Tanu. Soni,N.K. Singh A.K.@Estimation of surface tension ofternary liquid systems by corresponding state groupcontributions method and flory theory@Fluid. Phase.Equilibria. 273, 44-51 (2008)@No$J. Timmermans, J.@Physico Chemical Constants ofPure Organic Compounds@Elsevier, New York,(1950)@No
<#LINE#>Some Aspects of Secondary Charged Particles Produced in 4.5 A GeV/c 28Si-Nucleus Interactions<#LINE#>Shaikh @Sarfaraz Ali,H.@Khushnood <#LINE#>232-237<#LINE#>36.ISCA-ISC-2011-15PhyS-11.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, INDIA@Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, INDIA<#LINE#>15/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#>Attempt has been made to study the characteristics of secondary charged particles produced in 4.5 A GeV/c 28Si-nucleusinteractions. The results reveal that the multiplicity correlations are not linear. These findings do not agree with those reported byseveral workers. However, these correlations may be reproduced quite well by second order polynomial. It is also observed that thedependence of mean normalized, RA and reduced multiplicity, RS on the multiplicity of different charged secondaries is linear up toa certain value and then acquire almost a constant value. Results also reveal that the kth root of central moment increases with theincrease of <NS> and the values of normalized moments do not depend on the nature and energy of the projectiles. Finally, it isobserved that the integral multiplicity distribution of heavily ionizing tracks provides a method for selecting the disintegrationcaused by the projectile due to different target nuclei of nuclear emulsion.<#LINE#>Qasim Raza Khan M.@Ph.D. Thesis submitted to AligarhMuslim University@Aligarh (1988)@No$Saleem Khan et al M.@Multiplicity characteristics of 12Cnucleusinteractions at 4.5 A GeV c-1@Can. J. Phys. 74,651 (1996)@No$Saleem Khan et al M.@Production of secondary chargedparticles in 12C-nucleus reactions at 4.5 A GeV pernucleon@J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 65, 801 (1996)@No$Saleem Khan et al M.@Study of disintegrations caused by4.5 GeV carbon nuclei in nuclear emulsion@NuovoCimento A, 108, 147 (1996)@No$Singh et al Prithipal@Features of relativistic chargedparticles produced in catastrophic destruction of heavyemulsion nuclei at 4.5 A GeV/c@Can. J. Phys. 76, 559(1998)@No$Abd Allah et al N. N.@Non-statistical fluctuations oftarget fragments emitted in high energy nucleus-nucleuscollisions@Can. J. Phys. 80, 119 (2002)@No$El Naghy et al A.@Comparative study for nucleus-nucleusinteractions and modified cascade evaporation model at(4.1-4.5) A GeV/c@APHNS, Heavy Ion Phys.15, 131(2002)@No$Sarfaraz Ali et al Shaikh@Study of totally disintegratedevents caused by 4.5 A GeV/c 28Si with heavy emulsiontargets@Euro Phys. Lett. 65, 773 (2004)@No$Khushnood et al H.@Some aspects of multi particleproduction in 4.5 GeV 28C-nucleus interactions@6thInternational Conference on Physics and Astro Physics ofQuark Gluon Plasma, Dec. 6-10,115 (2010) Goa, India@No$Khushnood et al H.@A study of high energy hadron -nucleus interactions@Can. J. Phys. 61, 1120 (1983)@No$Shakeel et al A.@Multi particle production in 24, 50 and400 GeV/c particle-nucleus interactions@Nuovo Cim.76A, 699 (1983)@No$Khushnood et al H.@Some interesting features of chargedparticles produced in high energy hadron-nucleuscollisions@Can. J. Phys. 68, 67 (1990)@No
<#LINE#>The Study of Mechanisms of Charge Production in Pure and Sensitized Polymer Films<#LINE#>Bhardwaj @M.K.,Khare @P.K. <#LINE#>238-243<#LINE#>37.ISCA-ISC-2011-15PhyS-28.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physics, Govt. College Khategaon, Dist. Dewas, MP, INDIA@Dept. of PG Studies and Research in Physics and Electronics, RD University, Jabalpur, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>15/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#>The mechanisms of charge production in pure and malachite green sensitized Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) samples have been studiedby short circuit thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) measurement and ultraviolet spectroscopy (U.V.) studies. Thesamples were prepared by the casting from solution technique whose thickness measured around 30�m. The samples weresandwiched between similar aluminum electrodes and polarized at temperature 105oC with polarizing fields 20, 30, 40 and50kV/cm. Two peaks current maximum found around at 63�8 and138�7�C for pure, 06 and 7.5% sensitized PVC samples, while forhigher concentration (i.e.10 and 15%) one peak was measured around �65oC in positive direction and the other peak around�140oC in the negative direction. The TSDC spectra have been used to calculate activation energy by initial rise method .Thecalculated activation energies are 0.389-0.719ev for pure PVC and 0.298-1.09ev for sensitized PVC samples. The magnitude ofpeak current increases with polarizing field and temperature, dipolar, space charge and charge transfer complexes mechanismsmay be responsible for this nature. In the case of UV spectra no band appears in pure PVC however the addition of malachitegreen, gives rise four absorption bands around 260, 310, 440, and 630nm.The average effect has been observed in the intensity ofthird (400-450nm) and fourth bands (550-700nm). The formation of charge transfer complexes is evidenced in the UV-visibleabsorption spectra by the appearance and change in the intensity of absorption bands.<#LINE#>Khare P.K. and Chandok R.S@Electrical properties ofmodified grafted polypropylene@Phys Stat. Solidi, 147,509-513 (1995)@No$Khare P.K. et al@Transient current in discharge mode incellulose acetate@polyvinyl acetate blend films, J.Polymer Inter, 34, 407-411 (1994)@No$Sessler G.M.@Electrets, Topics in Applied Physics@33,Berlin (1980)@No$Turnhout J.@Van: Thermally Stimulated DischargeCurrents of Polymer Electrets@Poly. Intr. 106-130,(1975)@No$Bucci C., Fieschi R. and Guidi G.@The Kerr effect inKCL@Phys, Rev, 148, 816-821 (1966)@No$Kessler A., and Caffyn J.@F: Glass structure and iondynamics of led cadmium fluoride metal@J. Phys. C-5,1134-1138 (1972)@No$Saito S., Sasabe H., Nakajima T. and Yoda K.@Thermally stimulated depolarization current in studiesin sodium and barium doped potassium titrate fluoride@J. Polym. Sci., A-26, 1297-1301 (1968)@No$Devis D.K.@Electrification IPPS Conf. Ser@No. 4, 29(1967)@No$Devis D.K.@Carrier transport in polythene@J. of Phys(5), 162-165 (1972)@No$Grass B@Charge Storage in Solid Dielectric@(1964)@No$Fridkinand V.M. and Gheludev I.S.@Photoelectret andPhotographic Process@(1961)@No$E. Sudova, J. Machova, Z. Svobodova, T. Vesely@Negative effects of malachite green and possibilities ofits replacement in the treatment of fish eggs and fish, areview@Veterinarni Medicina, 521(2), 527�539 (2007)@No$Adamec V., Kolloid Z, Z. Polym.@@237, 219-229 (1970)@No$Rasuvaev G.A., Troitskaya L.S. and Troitskii B.@B.:Effects of addition on photodegradation of polymers:Addition of typical ketone sensitizers (acetophenone)@J.Polym.Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed., 9, 26,73 (1971)@No$Verma D.and Bhatnagar C.S.@Indian J. Pure Appl@Phys., 13, 868-871 (1975)@No$Kosaki M., Sugiyama K and Ieda M@J. Appl. Phys.@42@No$Gutman F. and Lynos L.E.@Organic Semiconductor@John Wieleya, Sons, New-York 434-484 (1967)@No$Lal Nand and Srivastva Alok kumar@Removal oftriphenylmethane dye, malachite green by EscherichiaColi K@ISCA Indore, India, 164, (2011)@No$Onoda M., Nakayam H. and Mahendru P., J. phys. D.@@19, 684-689 (1978)@No$Piper W.W. and Williams F.F.@British J. Appl. Phys.@6,569-572 (1955)@No$Srivastava S., Sinha R. and Roy D.@Toxicologicaleffects of malachite green@Aquat Toxicol 66(3), 319�29(2004)@No$Khare P.K. and Shrivastva A.P@Spontaneous currentemission in solution-grown dopedpolymethylmethacrylate films@Thin Solid films, 208,233- 236 (1992)@No$Ragehy N.A. et al.@Spectroscopy Letters@An Inter. J. forRapid Comm., 24(1), 81-97 ( 2006)@No$Martin E.H. and Hirdh J.@Non Crystal Solids@4, 133-136 (1970)@No$Prashant Shukla and Mulayam S Gaur@ThermallyStimulated Discharge Current Spectra and UV-visAbsorption in Polymethylmethacrylate Electret@IranianPolymer Journal, 18(7), 535-541 (2009)@No$Schwartz L.M., Hornig J.F.@Photocurrents generated byintense flash illumination@J. of Phys and Chem. ofSolids, 26(12), 1821�1824 (2002)@No$Khare P.K. and Bhardwaj M.K.@Thermally stimulateddepolarization and ultraviolet spectroscopy study of pureand malachite green sensitized polymer film@Asian. J. ofexp. Sci, 25, 59-60 ( 2011)@No
<#LINE#>Green HRM: People Management Commitment to Environmental Sustainability<#LINE#>Gill @Mandip <#LINE#>244-252<#LINE#>38.ISCA-ISC-2011-18CLM-Com-03.pdf<#LINE#>Maharaja Ranjit Singh College of Professional Sciences, Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>12/11/2011<#LINE#>6/1/2012<#LINE#>The topic of environmental sustainability is attracting increased attention among management scholars. Despite its importance tomanagers, employees, customers and other stakeholders, however, there are very few research studies that consider the role ofhuman resource management systems in organizations striving to achieve environmental sustainability. There is thus a growingneed for the integration of environmental management into human resource management (HRM) � green HRM � research practice.Green HR is the use of HRM policies to promote the sustainable use of resources within business organizations and, moregenerally, promotes the cause of environmental sustainability. Green initiatives within HRM form part of wider programmes ofcorporate social responsibility. Green HR involves two essential elements: environmentally-friendly HR practices and thepreservation of knowledge capital. The objective of this paper is to detail a process model of the HR processes involved in greenHRM on the basis of available literature on green HR. The literature has been classified on the basis of entry-to-exit processes inHRM (from recruitment to exit), revealing the role that HR processes play in translating green HR policy into practice. The paperalso examines the nature and extent of Green HR initiatives undertaken by ITC Limited as a case study.<#LINE#>Anthony, S.,8@Environmental Training Needs Analysis@Training Officer, 29(9), (1993)@No$Beechinor, F.,5@How to reduce your carbon footprint@People Mgmt, 23rd August, (2007)@No$Brio, J.A.D., Fernandez, E., and Junquera, B.,13@Management and employee involvement in achievingan environmental action-based competitive advantage:an empirical study@The Inter. J. of H R M, 18(4),(April), (2007)@No$Brockett, J.@Change agents,16 People Management@23rdNovember, 18-19 (2006)@No$Brockett, J.,17@Prepare now for big rise in �green? jobs@People Management, 17th May (2007)@No$Clarke, E.,3@Power Brokers, People Management@18thMay (2006)@No$Denton, D.K., 10@Employee involvement, pollutioncontrol and pieces to the puzzle@Environ. Mgmnt andHealth, 10(2), (1999)@No$Fernandez, E., Junquera, B. and Ordiz, M.,11@Organizational culture and human resources in theenvironmental issue@The Inter. J. of H R M, 14(4), 634-656 (2003)@No$Govindarajulu, N. and Daily, B.F.,12@Motivatingemployees for environmental improvement@IndustrialMgmnt and Data Sys, 104(4), (2004)@No$James, P.,18@Total Quality Environmental Managementand Human Resource Management@in Wehrmeyer, W.(ed) (1996), op cit., 35-48 (1996)@No$May, D.R. and Flannery, B.L.,9@Cutting Waste withEmployee Involvement Teams, Business Horizons@(September-October), (1995)@No$Milliman, J. and Clair, J.,6@Best Environmental HRMPractices in the US@in Wehrmeyer, W. (ed) (1996), opcit., 49-73, (1996)@No$Oates, A.,2@Industrial Relations and the Environment inthe UK@in Wehrmeyer, W. (ed) (1996), op cit., 117-140, (1996)@No$Phillips, L.,4@Go green to gain the edge over rivals@People Mgmnt, 23rd August, (2007)@No$Ramus, C.A.,21@Organizational Support for Employees:Encouraging Creative Ideas for EnvironmentalSustainability@California Mgmnt Review, 43(3) 85- 105(2001)@No$Rees, S.,19@Action through Ownership: Learning theWay at Kent County Council@in Wehrmeyer, W. (ed)(1996), op cit., 357-375, (1996)@No$Rothenberg, S.,15@Knowledge Content and WorkerParticipation in Environmental Management atNUMMI@J. of Mgmnt Studies, 40(7), 1783-1802(2003)@No$Synder, J.D., 20@More Execs Find Pay Linked to EHSGoals@Environ. Today, (October) (1992)@No$Wehrmeyer, W., (ed)1@Greening People: HumanResources and Environmental Management@Sheffield:Greenleaf Publishing (1996)@No$Wehrmeyer, W. and Vickerstaff, S.,7@Analysis forEnvironmental Training Needs@in Wehrmeyer, W. (ed)(1996), op cit., 339-356, (1996)@No$Wolters, T., Bouman, M. and Peeters, M.,14@Environmental Management and Employment:Pollution Prevention Requires Significant EmployeeParticipation?@Greener Mgmnt Intern., 11 (July) (1995)@No
<#LINE#>Corporate transformation through Leadership: Understanding Macro-Cultural Implications for Indian organizations<#LINE#>Yadav @Anshu,Katiyar @Arpana <#LINE#>253-258<#LINE#>39.ISCA-ISC-2011-18CLM-Com-05.pdf<#LINE#>Institute of Business Management, C.S.J.M. University, Kanpur, INDIA@Institute of Business Management, C.S.J.M. University, Kanpur, INDIA<#LINE#>28/11/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#>India�s phenomenal growth has resulted in the creation of a new business environment that is characterized by new strategy,structure, systems and innovative approaches. With the high rate of growth and entry of new and diverse industries, there is a needto design potent corporate management systems and processes. There is growing evidence that the manifestation of leadership haschanged in the light of the new social and economic circumstances that organizations are facing today. A substantial amount ofempirical research has demonstrated that the leadership role varies considerably as a result of the cultural forces in the countriesor regions in which the leaders function. Given the increased globalization of industrial organizations and increasedinterdependencies among nations, the need for better understanding of cultural influences on leadership and organizationalpractices has become far more relevant. Since effective organizational leadership can lead projects and transactions in differentcultures in times of globalization, cross-cultural research can help to identify leadership issues and challenges and influenceorganizational processes and effectiveness. Keeping in view the aforesaid facts, this  has been undertaken to make ananalysis of macro and micro cultural factors affecting governance in organizations. It emphasizes upon the idea that supportiveleadership takes the responsibility for establishing a sound corporate culture and translates it into best practice and is accountablefor the delivery and effectiveness thereof. The current  reviews the leadership practices around the world to turn organizationsinto corporate brands. This paper attempts to take a preliminary look at those behavioral manifestations of leadership that areunique to Indian culture. In contrast to many Western transnational corporations with high technology capabilities and proprietaryproduct systems, many Asian Indian managers rely extensively upon long-term relationship building in their international businessencounters. Moreover, the Indian approach to good governance and stakeholder satisfaction in wake of globalization andstructural alignment has been taken note of in the current<#LINE#>Senge P.@The Fifth Discipline The Art and Practice ofthe Learning Organization@Doubleday (1990)@No$Deming W. E.@Out of the Crisis CambridgeMassachusetts Institute of Technology@(1988)@No$House R. J., Wright N. S. and Aditya R. N.@Crossculturalresearch on organizational leadership: A criticalanalysis and a proposed theory@In P. C. Earley and M.Erez (Eds.)@No$Hofstede G.@Culture�s consequences Internationaldifferences in work-related values (Abridged ed.)@Newbury Park, CA Sage (1980)@No$Hofstede G.@Culture�s consequences Comparingvalues, behaviors, institutions, and organizations acrossnations (2nd ed.)@Newbury Park, CA, Sage (2001)@No$Hofstede G.@A case for comparing apples withoranges�International differences in values@International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 39(1),16�31 (1998)@No$Graen G. B., Hui C., Wakabayashi M., and Wang Z.M.@Cross-cultural research alliances in organizationalresearch in P. C. Earley@and M. Erez (Eds.), Newperspectives on international industrial/organizationalpsychology ( pp.160-189), San Francisco, C.A. JosseyBass (1997)@No$Miroshnik V.@Culture and international management@Areview, Journal of Management Development, 21(7),521�544, (2002)@No$Cameron K. and Freeman S.@Cultural congruence,strength, and type: Relationship to effectiveness@citedin Meschi P., and Roger, A., Cultural context andsocial effectiveness in international joint ventures,Management International Review, 34(3), 197-215,(1988)@No$Meschi P. and Roger A.@Cultural context and socialeffectiveness in international joint ventures@Management International Review, 34(3), 197-215,(1994)@No$Dastmalchian A., Javidan M. and Alam K.@�Effectiveleadership and culture in Iran: An empirical study�,Applied Psychology: An International Review@50(4),532-558, (2001)@No$Ling W., Chia R.C. and Fang L.@Chinese ImplicitLeadership Theory�@The Journal of Social Psychology,140 (6), 729-739 (2000)@No$Hofstede G.@Culture�s consequences: Internationaldifferences in work-related values@Beverly Hills, CA:Sage Publications (1984)@No$Triandis H.C.@Individualism and collectivism@SanFrancisco, CA West view Press (1995)@No$Schwartz S.H.@Beyond individualism collectivism:New cultural dimensions of values in U@Kim, H.C.Triandis, C. Kagitcibasi, S. Choi, S., and G. Yoon,(Eds.), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, methodand applications 85-119, Thousand Oaks, CA Sage,(1994)@No$Abdalla I.A. and Al-Homoud A.M.@Exploring theImplicit Leadership Theory in the Arabian Gulf states@Applied Psychology An International Review, 50(4)506-531, (2001)@No$Markus H.R. and Kitayama S.@�Culture and the self:Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation�@Psychological Review, 98, 224-253, (1991)@No$Pekerti A. A., Kashlak R., Osman-Gani A. and PekertiA.@�Effects of Culture on Organizational AttributionStyles: A Study of Four Pacific-Rim Nations�@paperpresented to the Academy of Management Meeting,Honolulu, Hawaii, August 5-10 (2005)@No$Cross S.E., Bacon P.L. and Morris M.L.@�The relational-interdependent self-construal and relationships�@Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78 (4)791-808, (2000)@No$Sinha J.B.P.@Patterns of Work Culture, Cases andStrategies for Culture Building@New Delhi, SagePublications (2000)@No$Pillai R., Scandura T.A., and Williams E.A.@Leadershipand Organizational Justice Similarities and Differencesacross Cultures@Journal of International BusinessStudies, 30(4), 763-779 (1999)@No$Kakar S., Kakar S., Kets de Vries, M.F.R., andVrignaud, P.@Leadership in Indian Organizations froma Comparative Perspective@International Journal ofCross Cultural Management, 2(2), 239-250 (2002)@No
<#LINE#>Dr. D. B. Limaye - The Founder of Institutionalized Chemical Research in Western India<#LINE#>Dhumatkar @Abhidha <#LINE#>259-264<#LINE#>40.ISCA-ISC-2011-20SocS-02.pdf<#LINE#>Sathaye College, Mumbai, INDIA<#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>The intelligence of human being, since the beginning of this world has resulted in the growth of science and technology. Scienceand technology have developed according to the interest and needs of humankind. They are having tremendous impact on humanlives. Advances in DNA technology are being seen as significant, reliable, efficient and accurate tools for law enforcement agenciesto fight crimes. DNA evidences are capable of proving guilt of accused or innocence of accused persons wrongly convicted.Forensic DNA Technology has transformed investigative methods of serious crimes due to its remarkable capability to convictwrongdoers or exonerate accused or convicted offenders. One of the most significant and great qualities of DNA evidence is itsability to solve cold cases. More importantly, DNA technology can quickly lead suspicion away by allowing samples of past crimesthat were never solved to be reassessed. This can result in the arrest of suspect(s) years after the crime was committed. In essence,DNA evidence is rapidly becoming irrefutable proof of identification. The question whether DNA is advancing justice becomesrelevant in cases where police, in their efforts, use DNA evidence to find suspects and solve crimes. Certainly, questions of justiceweigh most heavily when the DNA samples of innocent person is taken, stored and analyzed and falls under the lens of suspicion.Therefore, this paper deals with the utility of DNA Technology in criminal investigation process. Advancement of DNA technologytoward a vision of justice is a focal point of this research paper.<#LINE#>Khasagivale V.@Limaye kulavrutant, LimayeKulvishvasta nidhi@Third edition Poona, 632�634,(2001)@No$Limaye S.D. and Joshi C. ed@Rasamaharshi inpublished by Limaye P@Pune, 2-4, 12�21, 50-51(1993)@No$Limaye D.B., M.V. M.P.@@29 October (1967)@No$Kelkar G.R.@Prof. Dattatray Balkrishna LimayeYanchya Karyachi Trotak Mahitee�M@V. P. Pune.8-9,August (1969)@No$Patvardhan N.V.@Telephonic interview@Pune, (2003)@No$Talvalkar T.V.@Yash Yancha Shodh Karit Al@K, 563-565, (1932)@No$@Professor Dattatreya Balkrishna Limaye � A Profile(1887�1971) Prof. D. B. Limaye Centenary July 31@1987, National Seminar on Recent Advances InOrganic Chemistry 31 July and 1 August, 1987Department of Science and Technology, New Delhiand Department of Chemistry, University ofPoona 1, 29, 30, (1987)@No$Deval K.@Anek Bhartiya Sanshodhakhi HalesarkhechUpekshit G. Nasik 9) Limaye D.B.@Rasayan NidhiSthapanvishayak Vishwastipatra (Trust Deed),Kapilashram, Pune, 1- 4,(1930)@No$Limaye D.B., Sahastrabuddhe D.L., Kelkar D.G.@Mahiti ani Vinanti (Appeal for Donation) RasayanNidhi@Pune, (1945)@No$@The fifth Annual Report of Rasayan Nidhi@R,Volume I, (1936)@No$Kai.@Nyaya Murti Ranade Yanchya Taila ChitrasPushpahar@L. s. Poona, (1935)@No$Limaye D.B.@A Note on Lactone Formations inSunlight@J O T U O B, Vol.I, 52 � 53 (1932)@No$Poona R., 8� 12 (1936)@undefined@undefined@No$Wheeler T.S.@Presidential Address@R, Poona, 2 - 8(1936)@No$Deodikar G. B.@Department of Chemistry@Prof.Agharkar Birth Centenary Souvenir 13-14, 39 (1984),@No$@Deval Kunda An Interview@Pune (2003)@No$Limaye D.B., Sahasrabuddhe D.L.@Pra. LimayancheRasayan Mandir - Aantarrashtriya Kirtichi PunyatilSanshodhan Sanstha@K. (1953)@No$@Prof. D.B. Limaye Rasayan Nidhi Fellowship,�@L.V., Vand VI, 138-139, (2006)@No$Joshi Chakrapani@An Interview@Pune (2003)@No$Marathe K. G@an interview@Pune, (2003)@No$. Kumar D.@Science and The Raj@Oxford UniversityPress, New Delhi, 113, 150, 196, 192-194, 198-202,211-223) Abrol, D, (1995)@No$@Colonial Minds or Progressive Nationalist Scientists :The Science and Culture Group@MacLeod R. andKumar D., ed. Technology and the Raj WesternTechnology and Technical Transfers to India 1700-1947, Sage Publications, New Delhi, 265-288, (1995)@No$Dhumatkar A.@Spread of Science in Maharashtra:Colonia Policy and Indian responce (1880-1947)Unpublished Ph. D. thesis@(2012)@No
<#LINE#>Integreted Biodiversity Management - A case study of Melghat Tiger reserve as a protected area, India<#LINE#>Kazi @N.M.  <#LINE#>265-269<#LINE#>41.ISCA-ISC-2011-20SocS-15.pdf<#LINE#>PG and Research Dept. of Geography, SPDM College Shirpur, Dhule, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>30/10/2012<#LINE#>5/1/2012<#LINE#>Recognizing the need to protect tiger, government initiated several measures aimed at conservation and protection of the species.Significant among them were project tiger, a centrally sponsored scheme launched in April 1973 and the India eco-developmentproject (October 1997- June 2004) funded by external agencies. Besides, efforts were made to prevent illegal wildlife trade toensure a viable population of tiger in India. The main activities of project tiger include wildlife management, protection measure,and specific eco-development activities. Twenty eight tiger reserve were created in 17 states between 1973-74 and 1999-2000. theproject tiger directorate (PTD) in the ministry of environment and forests (MoEF) at New Delhi is responsible for providingtechnical guidance, budgetary support, coordination, monitoring, and evolution of project tiger while the management andimplementation of the project rests with the state government concerned. The India eco-development project (IEDP) was a pilotproject initiated with the assistance of the World Bank and the global environment facility to conserve biodiversity through ecodevelopment.The project addressed both the impact of the local population on the protected areas and the impact of the protectedareas on the local population and envisaged to improve the capacity of the protected area management to effectively conservebiodiversity and support collaboration between the states and the local communities in and around ecologically vulnerable areas.Melghat tiger reserve, as a protected area in the state of Maharashtra with the potential to hold viable population of the tiger. It islocated in the central high land biotic province of the deccan bio-geographic zone, a largest and oldest tiger reserve in the statesupports typical dry teak forest of the central India. All protected areas in the country are subject to anthropogenic pressures ofvarious types. The present paper is based on the groundwork of melghat tiger project reserve and secondary data collection withobjectives, need for monitoring tiger and its prey population for assessing the impacts of management interventions of protectedareas as an effective tool for biodiversity conservation.<#LINE#>@Setting Priority for Conservation and Recovery of WildTigers@Technical Assessment, WCS, WWFSmithsonian and NFWF-STF. New York, WashingtonD.C. (2005-2015)@No$Karanth K.U. and Kumar N.S.@Distribution andDynamics of Tiger and Prey Population in Maharashtra@India Fin. Tech. Rep. Centre for Wildlife Studies,Bangalore, India (2005)@No$Karanth K.U. and Mel Sunquist@Prey Selection byTiger, Leopard and Dhole in Tropical Forests@J. AnimalEcology, 64 (4) (1995)@No$Mehta P.@A Study on the Impact of Forestry practiceson Bird Communities of Satpura Hills@Ph.D. Thesis,Saurashtra University (2000)@No$Rodgers W.A. and H.S. Panwar.@Planning a WildlifeProtected Area Network in India@Wild life Institute ofIndia,, Deheradun (1988)@No$Floyed T.J. and david L. Mechand Peter Jordan.@Relating Wolf Scat Content to Prey Consumed@J.Wildlife Management 42 (3), (1978)@No$Ackerman B., Frederick Lindzey and Thomas Hemker@Cougar Food Habits in Southern Utah@J. Wild.Management 48 (1), (1974)@No$@Melghat Tiger Project@field visit and ground work-(2004-2005, 2006-2007 and 2007-2008)@No$@Where can tigers live in future@Framework foridentifying high priority areas for conservation of tigersin the wild. In Riding the Tiger, Tiger Conservation inhuman dominated landscapes Seidensticker, J., Christie,S., and Jackson, P. (Ed). Cambridge University Press@No$Wikramanayake E.D., Dinerstein E. and Robinson J.G.,Karanth K.U., Rabinowitz A., Olson D., Matthew T.,Hedao P., Conner M., Hemley G., and Bolze,@@D (1999)@No$Dinerstein E., Loucks C., Heydlauff A., WikramnaykeE., Brian G., Foreest J., Ginsberg J., Klengendon S.,Leingruber P., T. O?Brien, S. Seindsticker, M. Songer@@(2006)@No
<#LINE#>Lignin recovery, Biochar Production and Decolourisation of Coir pith Black Liquor<#LINE#>Rojith @G.,Bright Singh @I.S. <#LINE#>270-274<#LINE#>42.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-107.pdf<#LINE#>School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, INDIA @School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, INDIA <#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>Coir pith black liquor obtained as a dark brown filtrate from oxidative delignification needs to be decolourised before releasingto open environment. From this liquor industrially valuable lignin was recovered using acid precipitation method. �Biochar�was produced by slow pyrolysis of coir pith at 500oC and 600oC. Water holding capacity and pH of the biochar were estimated.CHNS analysis was carried out to identify the nutrient profile. Structural characterization was done using FTIR and SEMStudies. Biochar produced at 600oC was found to be more suitable for decolourisation of the coir pith black liquor. FTIRanalysis indicated peak changes while SEM analysis indicated surface area and porosity changes. Biochar decolourisationexperiments were carried out on crude coir pith black liquor and also on lignin recovered coir pith black liquor.<#LINE#>Anirudhan T.S., Sreekumari S.S., Bringle C.D@Removal of phenols from water and petroleum industryrefinery effluents by activated carbon obtained fromcoconut coir pith@Adsorption, 15, 439�451 (2009)@No$Ghosh P. K., Sharma U.S., Ravindranath A.D.,Radhakrishnan S., and Ghosh P.@A novel method foraccelerating composting of coir pith@Energy fuels,21,822-827 (2007)@No$Manuel Abad@Patrica Noguera, Physico-chemicalproperties of some coconut coir dusts for use as a peatsubstitute for containerised ornamental plants@Bioresource Technology, 82, 241-245, (2002)@No$Paulraj Kanmani, P. Karuppasamy, Pothiraj C andVenkatesan Arul@Studies on lignocellulosebiodegradation of coir waste in solid state fermentationusing Phanerocheate chrysosporium and Rhizopusstolonifer@African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (24),6880-6887, (2009)@No$Ramadhas A.S., Jayaraj S., Muraleedharan C.@Dualfuel mode operation in diesel engines using renewablefuels: Rubber seed oil and coir-pith producer gas@Renewable Energy., 33, 2077�2083 (2008)@No$Mats Galbe., Guido Zacchi.@Pretreatment ofLignocellulosic Materials for Efficient BioethanolProduction@Adv Biochem Engin/Biotechnol, 108, 41�65(2007)@No$Gould. Michael J.@Studies on the Mechanism ofAlkaline Peroxide Delignification of AgriculturalResidues@Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 27, 225-231 (1985)@No$Fengel, D. and Wegener G.@Wood: Chemistry,ultrastructure, reactions@New York: Walter de Gruyter(1989)@No$Karam J., and Nicell J. A.@Potential applications ofenzymes in waste treatment@Journal of ChemicalTechnology and Biotechnology, 69, 141�153 (1997)@No$Ola Wallberg@Marie Linde, Ann-Sofi J�nsson,Extraction of lignin and hemicelluloses from kraft blackliquor@Desalination, 199, 413�414 (2006)@No$Solange I., Mussatto., Marcela Fernandes., Ine�s C.Roberto@Lignin recovery from brewer�s spent grainblack liquor@Carbohydrate Polymers, 70, 218�223(2007)@No$Solange I. Mussatto, Marcela Fernandes, George J.M.,Rocha., Jos� J.M., �rfao c., Jose A., Teixeira, Ines C.,Roberto.@Production, characterization and applicationof activated carbon from brewer�s spent grain lignin@Bioresource Technology , 101 , 2450�2457 (2010)@No$Namasivayam C., Kavitha D., IR@XRD and SEMstudies on the mechanism of adsorption of dyes andphenols by coir pith carbon from aqueous phase@Microchemical Journa.,l 82, 43 � 48 (2006)@No$Azargohar R and DALAI A.K.@Biochar as a precursorof Activated Carbon@Appl. Biochem and Biotech.1,129-132, (2006)@No$Purevsuren B. and Davaajav Y.@Investigation onpyrolysis of casein.@Journal of Thermal Analysis andCalorimetry, 66, 743-748 (2001)@No$Mohd Salleh M. A., Nsamba Hussein Kisiki.@Gasification of Biochar from Empty Fruit Bunch in aFluidized Bed Reactor@Energies , 3, 1344-1352 (2010)@No$Achugasim D., Osuji L.C. and Ojinnaka C.M.@Use ofpersulfate in the removal of petroleum hydrocarbonsfrom crude oil polluted soils@Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(7),57-67(2011)@No$Anjaneyulu Y., Sreedhara Chary N., Samuel Suman RajD.@Decolourization of industrial effluents � availablemethods and emerging technologies � a review@Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 4, 245�273 (2005)@No$Gierer J.@Chemistry of delignification-Part 2: Reactionsof lignins during bleaching@Wood Sci.Technol,20,1-33(1986)@No$Jairo H. Lora1 and Wolfgang G. Glasser.@RecentIndustrial Applications of Lignin: A SustainableAlternative to Nonrenewable Materials@Journal ofPolymers and the Environment, 10, (2002)@No$James W.Lee., Michelle Kidder., Barbara R., Evans,Sokwon Paik, Buchanan A.C.@Charles T.Garten andRobert Brown, Characterisation of biochars producedfrom cornstovers for soil amendment@Environ. Sci.Technol., 44, 7970�7974 (2010)@No$Ki-Oh Hwang , Lucian A., Lucia@Fundamental insightsinto the oxidation of lignocellulosics obtained fromsinglet oxygen photochemistry@Journal ofPhotochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 168,205�209 (2004)@No$Krishnani K.K. and Ayyappan S.@Heavy MetalsRemediation of Water Using Plants and LignocellulosicAgrowastes@Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 188, 59�84(2006)@No$Muniswaran P and Charyulu@Solid state fermentationof coconut coir pith for cellulose production@EnzymeMicrob. Technology, 16,436-440, (1994)@No$Namasivayam C., Dinesh Kumar M., Selvi K.,Ashruffunissa Begum R., Vanathi T., Yamuna R.T.@�Waste� coir pith�a potential biomass for the treatmentof dyeing wastewaters@Biomass and Bioenergy., 21,477�483 (2001)@No$Neus Angles M.@Jordi Reguant, Ricard Garcia-Valls,Joan Salvado, Characteristics of lignin obtained fromsteam-exploded softwood with soda/anthraquinonepulping@Wood Sci Technol , 37, 309�320 (2003)@No$Pawar M.J., Nimbalkar V.B.@Synthesis and phenoldegradation activity of Zn and Cr doped TiO2Nanoparticles@Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(1), 32-37(2012)@No$Theivarasu Chinniagounder, Mylsamy Shanker andSivakumar Nageswaran.@Adsorptive removal of crystalviolet dye using agricultural waste coco (theobromacacao) shell@Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(7), 38-45(2011)@No
<#LINE#>Emergence of multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: concern about antimicrobial policies<#LINE#>Shah @Manisha N.,Desai @Pratibha B <#LINE#>275-280<#LINE#>43.ISCA-ISC-2011-13MediS-8.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, Shree Ramakrishna Institute of Computer Education and Applied Sciences, M.T.B. college campus, Athwalines, Surat-395 001, Gujarat, INDIA@Department of Microbiology, Shree Ramakrishna Institute of Computer Education and Applied Sciences, M.T.B. college campus, Athwalines, Surat-395 001, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>29/10/2011<#LINE#>1/1/2012<#LINE#>Antimicrobial abuse is a serious risk factor for the emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Multidrug resistant(MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae is an increasing cause of neonatal infections in India and in other developing countries.Objective of this study was designed to monitor temporal change in prevalence of K. pneumoniae as a causative organism forneonatal infections and its antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Neonatal infections are clinical syndromes characterized by signsand symptoms of infections in the first month of life. 550 blood cultures were studied from suspected babies and theprevalence of K. pneumoniae among them was checked with its antimicrobial susceptibility and case fatality rate atDepartment of Microbiology, SRICEAS, Surat, Gujarat. Among 550 suspected neonates in the study period, positivity wasfound in 110 cases. Among them, 23 cases were found due to Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, 60.86% of them were fatal.High degree of resistance to many antibiotics can be seen(%). Most of our strains were shown their resistance to most of thethird generation of cephalosporins used. The incidence of neonatal infections due to K. pneumoniae was higher. All spp. ofK. pneumoniae found as M.D.R., which was in co relevance with the mortality caused by them which knocking and shockingdata, indicating the emergence to check on the cruelty use of antimicrobials in NICUs.<#LINE#>Lawn J.E. et al@Why are 4 million newborn babiesdying each year@Lancet, 364, 399�401 (2004)@No$Saving Newborn Lives@The state of the world�snewborns: a report from saving NewbornLives, Washington DC@Save the Children, (2001)@No$Hyder A.A., Wali S.A., McGuckin J.@The burden ofdisease from neonatal mortality: a review of South Asiaand Sub-Saharan Africa@British journal of obstetricsand gynaecology, 110, 894�901 (2003)@No$@Mother�baby package: a road map for implementationin countries@Geneva, World Health Organization(1993)@No$Stoll B.J.@Neonatal infections: a global perspective@In:Remington J.S., Klein J.O., eds, Infectious diseases ofthe fetus and newborn infant, 5th ed. Philadelphia, WBSaunders, 139�68 (2001)@No$Stoll B.J.@Infections of the neonatal infant. In: NelsonTextbook of Pediatrics@Behrman E.d., Kleigman R.E.,RM, Jenson HB. Philadelphia: W.B.Saunders, 17th ed,623-39 (2004)@No$Edwards M.S.@Postnatal infections In: Fanaoff andMartins Neonatal-perinatal Medicine@8thed.Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 791-804 (2006)@No$Vergnano S., Sharland M., Kazembe P., WansamboC.M.@Heath PT Neonatal sepsis, An internationalperspective@Arch. Dis.Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., 90:F220-F224 (2005)@No$Bark A.F.@Intravenous lines-related sepsis in newbornbabies admitted to NICU in a developing country@JTrop Pediatr, 49(5) 259-7 (2003)@No$Joshi S.G., Ghole V.S., Niphadkar K.B.@NeonatalGram-negative bacteremia. Indian J Pediatr@67(1) 27-32 (2000)@No$Koksal N., Hacimustafaoglu M., bagci S.@Celebi S.Meropenem in neonatal severe infections due tomultiresistant gram-negative bacteria@Indian J Pediatr,68(1) 15-9 (2001)@No$Roilides E., Kyriakides G., Kadiltsoglou I., Farmaki E.,Venzon D., Katsaveli A., Kremeno poulos G.@Septicemia due to multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniaein a neonatal unit: a case-control study@Am J Perinatol,17(1) 35-9 (2000)@No$Luck s., Torny M., d�Agapeyeff K., Pitt A., Heath P.,Breathnach A., Russel Ab.@Estimated early �onsetgroup B streptococcal neonattal disease@Lancet,361(9373)1953-54 (2003)@No$Waheed M., laeeq A., Maqbool S.@The etiology ofneonatal sepsis and patterns of antibiotic resistance@JColl Physicians Surg pak, 13(8) 449-52 (2003)@No$Maksic H., Karic A., Cengic s.@Incidence of early-onsetneonatal sepsis caused by group B streptococcus at thepediatric clinic of the university clinical center inSarajevo@Med Arh, 56 (3)51-3 (2002)@No$Torres J.A., Villegas M.V., Quinn J.P.@Currentconcepts in antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria@Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther.,(5),833-43 (2007)@No$Fanos V., Cuzzolin L., Atzei A., et al@Antibiotics andantifungals in neonatal intensive care units: a review@JChemother,(19) 5-20 (2007)@No$Shakil S., Khan R., Zarrilli R., et al@Aminoglycosidesversus bacteria�a description of the action@resistancemechanism, and nosocomial battleground, J BiomedSci.,(15) 5-14 (2008)@No$Rahman S., Hameed A., Roghani M.T., Ullah Z.@Multidrug resistant neonatal sepsis in Peshhawar,Pakistan@Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., 87(1)F52-F54 (2002)@No$Bhttacharjee A., Sen M.R., Prakash P., Gaur A.,Anuprba S.@Increased prevalence of extended spectrum_ Iactamase producers in neonatal septicaemic cases ata tertiary referral hospital@Indian J. Med. Microbiol.,264(4) 356-360 (2008)@No$Bansal S., Jain A., Agarwal J., Malik G.K.@Significanceof coagulase negative staphylococci in neonates with late onset septicemia@Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol.,47(4) 586-568 (2004)@No$Agnihotri N,, Kaistha N,, Gupta V.@Antimicrobialsusceptibility of isolates from neonatal septicemia JPN@J. Infect, Dis., 57(6) 273- 275 (2004)@No$Lund A.M., Christensen E., Skovby F.@Diagnosis andacute treatment of inborn metabolic diseases in infants@Ugeskrift for Laeger, 164(48) 5613-5619 (2002)@No$Radhy H.@Neonatal sepsis causative agents andoutcome@Thesis submitted to the Iraqi commission formedical specialization 1-36 (2001)@No$Jaber E., AL. Zwaini k.@Neonatal septicemia in theneonatal care unit in AL- Anbar governorate in Iraq@East Med. Health J, 8 (4): 30-36 (2002)@No$Rodriguez M., Canadiani C., Garcia J., et al@Morbidityand Mortality from neonatal sepsis in a tertiary carelevel hospital@Salud publica de Mexico 45 (2):,90-95(2003)@No$Kurnuvilla K. A.@Bacterial Profile of Sepsis in aNeonatal Unit in South India@Indian Pediatr,35851-858(1998)@No
<#LINE#>Stability-Indicating LC Method for the Determination of Epinastine in Bulk Drug and in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form<#LINE#>Ahirrao @V.K.,Pawar @R.P. <#LINE#>281-288<#LINE#>44.ISCA-ISC-2011-14PCS-18.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Deogiri Science College, Aurangabad 431004, MS, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Deogiri Science College, Aurangabad 431004, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>8/12/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#>A novel stability-indicating LC assay method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of epinastine inbulk drugs and in pharmaceutical dosage form in the presence of degradation products generated from forced degradationstudies. An isocratic, reversed phase LC method was developed to separate the drug from the degradation products, using anYMC ODS A- C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 �m) column, and 0.05% v/v trifluroacetic acid and acetonitrile (65:35 v/v) as amobile phase. The detection was carried out at the wavelength of 220 nm. The epinastine was subjected to stress conditionsof hydrolysis (acid, base), oxidation, photolysis and thermal degradation. Degradation was observed for epinastine in base,thermal and in 30% H2O2 conditions. The drug was found to be stable in the other stress conditions attempted. Thedegradation products were well resolved from main peak. The percentage recovery of epinastine was ranged from (99.57%to 100.25%). The developed method was validated with respect to the linearity, accuracy (recovery), precision, specificityand robustness. The forced degradation studies prove the stability indicating power of the method.<#LINE#>Merck Index@Merck and Co@Inc, USA, 13th edn.,(2001)@No$Oshima K., Kazuhito, Asano K., Kanai K., Suzuki M.and Suzaki H.@Influence of epinastine hydrochloride,an H1-receptor antagonist@on the function of miteallergen-pulsed murine bone marrow-derived dendriticcells in Vitro and in vivo, Mediators of inflammation,(2009)@No$Toyoda M., Nakamura M., Nakagawa H.@Distributionto the skin of epinastine hydrochloride in atopicdermatitis patients@European J. of dermatology, 17(1)33-36, (2007)@No$Kanai K., Asano K., Watanabe S., Kyo Y. and SuzakiH.@Epinastine hydrochloride antagonism againstinterleukin-4-mediated T cell cytokine imbalance invitro@Int. Arch Allergy Immuno., 140, 43-52 (2006)@No$Takahashi N., Aizawa H., Inoue H., Matsumoto K.,Nakano H., Hirose T., Nishima S., Hara N.@Effects ofepinastine hydrochloride on cholinergic neuro-effectortransmission in canine tracheal smooth muscle@European Journal of Pharmacology, 358 (1) 55-61(1998)@No$Fraunfelder F.W.@Epinastine hydrochloride for atopicdisease@Drugs Today, 40 (8) 677-683 (2004)@No$Ohtani H., Kotaki H., Sawada Y., Iga T.@Quantitativedetermination of epinastine in plasma by highperformanceliquid chromatography@J. of Chrom. B:Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 683 (2) 281-284(1996)@No$Vera-Candioti L., Olivieri A.C., Goicoechea H.C.@Simultaneous multiresponse optimization applied toepinastine determination in human serum by usingcapillary electrophoresis@Anal Chim Acta, 595 (1-2)310-318, (2007)@No$Ghisleni D.D., Steppe M., Elfrides E.S. Schapoval@Development and validation of Liquid chromatographicand ultraviolet derivative spectrophotometric methodsfor determination of epinastine hydrochloride in coatedtablets@Journal of AOAC International , 90(5) 1266-1271 (2007)@No$Saleh O.A., El-Azzouny A.A., Badawy A.M. andAboul-Enein H.Y.@A validated HPLC method forseparation and determination of epinastinehydrochloride enantiomers@Journal of LiquidChromatography and Related technologies, 33(3) 413-422 (2010)@No$Basaveswara Rao M.V., Reddy B.C.K., Srinivas RaoT., and Kalyani P.@Determination of epinastinehydrobromide assay by potentiometric method@Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 2(2) 361-363, (2009)@No$@International Conference on Harmonization ofTechnical Requirements for Registration ofPharmaceuticals for Human Use@Stability testing ofNew Drug Substances and Products, QIA (R2), (2003)@No$Drug Information Branch (HFD-210)@Validation ofanalytical procedure: Methodology@Step 4 In ICHHarmonized Tripartite Guidelines Q2B. Center forDrug Evaluation and Research, Rockville, MD, (1996)@No$@ICH-Guidelines: Text on validation of analyticalprocedures.@Q2 (R1)@No$Bakshi M., and Singh S.@Development of validatedstability-indicating assay methods critical review@J.Pharm. Biomed Anal., 28, 1011-1040 (2002).@No
<#LINE#>Management of Agriculture Waste from Market Yard Through Vermicomposting<#LINE#>Mane @T.T.,Raskar @Smita S. <#LINE#>289-296<#LINE#>45.ISCA-ISC-2011-1AFS-32.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Baburaoji Gholap College, Sangvi, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA@Lonkar Madhamik Vidhyalaya Mundhawa,Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA<#LINE#>8/8/2011<#LINE#>27/1/2012<#LINE#>Solid waste management has become one of the major problems we are facing today. The rapid increase in the generation of hugequantity of waste is one aspect of the environmental crisis. This is accompanying with recent global development with respect torapid urbanization and population growth which has resulted into generation of large quantity of organic solid waste. TheAgriculture Produce Marketing Committees (APMC�s) are generating large quantity of organic waste from cereals, pulses, fruits,vegetables and in some markets from cattle. The farmers bring the produce to the market from farms without grading and cleaningit. Most of the produce is sold on weight basis, in order to make more profit. Hence the organic waste in the market area increasesand puts pressure on the e system of agricultural solid waste collection and management. Due to these increased volume andweight, most of the waste remain uncollected and starts decaying at the site. As a result the foul odour is spread thought vicinity oftowns and cities. The solid waste collection and disposal system is not efficient. The APMCs are usually located in the centres oftown which creates sanitation, problems and hygiene hazards to the common people. This research paper is concentrated onhandling this problem in simplest, scientific, economical and environmental friendly way to transform waste materials into compostthrough vermicomposting by using an exotic species of earthworm - Eisenia Foetida and Eudrilus euginiae.<#LINE#>Bhiday M.R.@Earthworms in agriculture, Indian Farming@43(12), 31�34, (1994)@No$Kale R. D. and Bano K.@Laboratory studies on age specificfecundity and mortality of earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae@Mitteilungen aus dem Hamber gischen museum and Institut.Ferganzurgsband. (89), 139-148(1994)@No$Bhattacharjee G., Chaudhuri P.S. and Datta M.@Response ofpaddy (Var.Trc- 87-251) crop on amendment of the field withdifferent levels of vermicompost@Asian J. Microbial. Biotech.Environ. Sci., (3), 191-196(2001)@No$Vasanthi D., Kumarasamy K.@Efficacy of vermicompost toimprove soil fertility and rice yield@Journal Indian Society ofSoil Sciences, 42 (2), 268-272 (1999)@No$Albiach R., Canet R., Pomares F. and Ingelmo F.@Microbialbiomass contentand enzymatic activities after the applicationof organicamendments to a horticulturalsoil@Bioresour,Technol., (75), 43-48 Soil Biol. Ecol., (27) 25-27, (2000)@No$Atiyeh R.M., Dominguez J., Sobler S. and Edwards C.A.@Changes in biochemical properties of cow manure during processing by earthworms (Eisenia andrei) and the effects onseedling growth@Pedobiologia, (44), 709-724, (1998)@No$Atiyeh R.M., Arancon, N., Edwards C.A., and Metzger J.D.@Influence of earthworm-processed pig manure on the growthand yield of greenhouse tomatoes@Bioresource Technology,(75), 175-180 (2000)@No$Atiyeh R.M., Subler S., Edwards C.A., Bachman G., MetzgerJ.D. and Shuster W.@Effects of Vermicomposts and Compostson Plant Growth in Horticultural Container Media and Soil@InPedobiologia, (44), 579-590 (2000)@No$Ansari Abdullah A.@Effect of Vermicompost on theProductivity of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Spinach (Spinaciaoleracea) and Turnip (Brassica campestris) World Journal ofAgricultural Sciences@4 (3), 333-336 (2008)@No$Barley K.P. and Jennings A.C.@Earthworms and Soil FertilityIII; the Influence of Earthworms on the Availability ofNitrogen@Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, (10),364-370 (1959)@No$Edwards C.A. and P.J. Bohlen@Biology and Ecology ofEarthworms@3rd Edn., Chapman and Hall, London (1996)@No$Hartenstein R., Neuhauser E. F. and Kaplan D. L.@Reproductive potential of the earthworm Eisenia fetidaOecologia (Berl)@(43), 329-340(1979)@No$ISI Bulletin Manak Bhavan@Bhadur Shah Zafar Marg@NewDelhi (1982)@No$Kale R. D.@Vermicomposting technology in India An answerto shortages in nutrient supplies. In: Earthworms in theprocessing and utilization of organic wastes (Ed. C. A.Edwards)@Publ, J. G. Press, PA, Chapter, 22(2002)@No$Krishnamoorthy R.V. and Vajranabhaiah S.N.@Biologicalactivity of earthworm casts A assessment of plant growthpromoter levels in the casts@Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim.Sci.)., (95), 341-351 (1986)@No$Lalitha R, Fathima K, Ismail S.A.@The impact of biopesticideand microbial fertilizers on productivity and growth ofAbelmoschus esculentus@Vasundara the Earth (1-2), 4-9,(2000)@No$Lee K. E. Earthworms@Their ecology and relationship withsoils and land use@Publ, Hartcourt Brace Jovanorich,Academic Press, Sydney, 411(1985)@No$Orozco F.M., J. Cegarra, L.M. Trujillo and A. Roig@Vermicomposting of coffee pulp using the earthworm Eiseniafetida, Effect on C and N contents and the availability ofnutrient@Biol. Fertil, Soils, (22), 162-166 (1996)@No$Maheswarappa HP, Nanjappa HV and Hegde M.R.@Influenceof organic manures on yield of arrowroot, soil physicochemicaland biological properties when grown as intercrop incoconut garden@Annals of Agricultural Research, 20(3), 318�323 (1999)@No$Parthasarathi K.@Vermicomposts produced by four species ofearthworms from sugar mill wastes (pressmud)@Ind. J. LifeSci., (1), 41-46 (2004)@No$Parthasarathi K. and L.S. Ranganathan@Supplementation ofpressmud vermicasts with NPK enhances growth and yield inleguminous crops (Vigno mungo and Arachis hypogaea)@J.Curr. Sci., (2), 35-41 (2002)@No$Parthasarathi K.@Vermicomposts produced by four species ofearthworms from sugar mill wastes (pressmud)@Ind. J. LifeSci., (1), 41-46 (2004) ,Ranganathan L.S., Vermibiotechnology- From Soil Health to Human Health, Agrobios., India (2006)@No$Reinecke A. J. and Kriel J. R.@Influence of temperature on thereproduction of the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta)@S.Afr. J. Zool. (16), 96-100 (1981)@No$Sreenivas C, Muralidhar S and Rao M.S.@Vermicompost, aviable component of IPNSS in nitrogennutrition of ridgegourd, Annals of Agricultural Research@21(1), 108�113 (2000)@No$Watanabe H. and Tsukamoto J.@Seasonal change in size andstage structure of Lumbricid Eisenia foetida population in afield compost and its practical application as the decomposerof organic waste matter@Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol., (13), 141-146(1976)@No
<#LINE#>Management of Agriculture Waste from Market Yard Through Vermicomposting<#LINE#>Mane @T.T.,Raskar @Smita S. <#LINE#>289-296<#LINE#>45.ISCA-ISC-2011-1AFS-32.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Baburaoji Gholap College, Sangvi, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA@Lonkar Madhamik Vidhyalaya Mundhawa,Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA<#LINE#>8/8/2011<#LINE#>27/1/2012<#LINE#>Solid waste management has become one of the major problems we are facing today. The rapid increase in the generation of hugequantity of waste is one aspect of the environmental crisis. This is accompanying with recent global development with respect torapid urbanization and population growth which has resulted into generation of large quantity of organic solid waste. TheAgriculture Produce Marketing Committees (APMC�s) are generating large quantity of organic waste from cereals, pulses, fruits,vegetables and in some markets from cattle. The farmers bring the produce to the market from farms without grading and cleaningit. Most of the produce is sold on weight basis, in order to make more profit. Hence the organic waste in the market area increasesand puts pressure on the e system of agricultural solid waste collection and management. Due to these increased volume andweight, most of the waste remain uncollected and starts decaying at the site. As a result the foul odour is spread thought vicinity oftowns and cities. The solid waste collection and disposal system is not efficient. The APMCs are usually located in the centres oftown which creates sanitation, problems and hygiene hazards to the common people. This research paper is concentrated onhandling this problem in simplest, scientific, economical and environmental friendly way to transform waste materials into compostthrough vermicomposting by using an exotic species of earthworm - Eisenia Foetida and Eudrilus euginiae.<#LINE#>Bhiday M.R.@Earthworms in agriculture, Indian Farming@43(12), 31�34, (1994)@No$Kale R. D. and Bano K.@Laboratory studies on age specificfecundity and mortality of earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae@Mitteilungen aus dem Hamber gischen museum and Institut.Ferganzurgsband. (89), 139-148(1994)@No$Bhattacharjee G., Chaudhuri P.S. and Datta M.@Response ofpaddy (Var.Trc- 87-251) crop on amendment of the field withdifferent levels of vermicompost@Asian J. Microbial. Biotech.Environ. Sci., (3), 191-196(2001)@No$Vasanthi D., Kumarasamy K.@Efficacy of vermicompost toimprove soil fertility and rice yield@Journal Indian Society ofSoil Sciences, 42 (2), 268-272 (1999)@No$Albiach R., Canet R., Pomares F. and Ingelmo F.@Microbialbiomass contentand enzymatic activities after the applicationof organicamendments to a horticulturalsoil@Bioresour,Technol., (75), 43-48 Soil Biol. Ecol., (27) 25-27, (2000)@No$Atiyeh R.M., Dominguez J., Sobler S. and Edwards C.A.@Changes in biochemical properties of cow manure during processing by earthworms (Eisenia andrei) and the effects onseedling growth@Pedobiologia, (44), 709-724, (1998)@No$Atiyeh R.M., Arancon, N., Edwards C.A., and Metzger J.D.@Influence of earthworm-processed pig manure on the growthand yield of greenhouse tomatoes@Bioresource Technology,(75), 175-180 (2000)@No$Atiyeh R.M., Subler S., Edwards C.A., Bachman G., MetzgerJ.D. and Shuster W.@Effects of Vermicomposts and Compostson Plant Growth in Horticultural Container Media and Soil@InPedobiologia, (44), 579-590 (2000)@No$Ansari Abdullah A.@Effect of Vermicompost on theProductivity of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Spinach (Spinaciaoleracea) and Turnip (Brassica campestris) World Journal ofAgricultural Sciences@4 (3), 333-336 (2008)@No$Barley K.P. and Jennings A.C.@Earthworms and Soil FertilityIII; the Influence of Earthworms on the Availability ofNitrogen@Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, (10),364-370 (1959)@No$Edwards C.A. and P.J. Bohlen@Biology and Ecology ofEarthworms@3rd Edn., Chapman and Hall, London (1996)@No$Hartenstein R., Neuhauser E. F. and Kaplan D. L.@Reproductive potential of the earthworm Eisenia fetidaOecologia (Berl)@(43), 329-340(1979)@No$ISI Bulletin Manak Bhavan@Bhadur Shah Zafar Marg@NewDelhi (1982)@No$Kale R. D.@Vermicomposting technology in India An answerto shortages in nutrient supplies. In: Earthworms in theprocessing and utilization of organic wastes (Ed. C. A.Edwards)@Publ, J. G. Press, PA, Chapter, 22(2002)@No$Krishnamoorthy R.V. and Vajranabhaiah S.N.@Biologicalactivity of earthworm casts A assessment of plant growthpromoter levels in the casts@Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim.Sci.)., (95), 341-351 (1986)@No$Lalitha R, Fathima K, Ismail S.A.@The impact of biopesticideand microbial fertilizers on productivity and growth ofAbelmoschus esculentus@Vasundara the Earth (1-2), 4-9,(2000)@No$Lee K. E. Earthworms@Their ecology and relationship withsoils and land use@Publ, Hartcourt Brace Jovanorich,Academic Press, Sydney, 411(1985)@No$Orozco F.M., J. Cegarra, L.M. Trujillo and A. Roig@Vermicomposting of coffee pulp using the earthworm Eiseniafetida, Effect on C and N contents and the availability ofnutrient@Biol. Fertil, Soils, (22), 162-166 (1996)@No$Maheswarappa HP, Nanjappa HV and Hegde M.R.@Influenceof organic manures on yield of arrowroot, soil physicochemicaland biological properties when grown as intercrop incoconut garden@Annals of Agricultural Research, 20(3), 318�323 (1999)@No$Parthasarathi K.@Vermicomposts produced by four species ofearthworms from sugar mill wastes (pressmud)@Ind. J. LifeSci., (1), 41-46 (2004)@No$Parthasarathi K. and L.S. Ranganathan@Supplementation ofpressmud vermicasts with NPK enhances growth and yield inleguminous crops (Vigno mungo and Arachis hypogaea)@J.Curr. Sci., (2), 35-41 (2002)@No$Parthasarathi K.@Vermicomposts produced by four species ofearthworms from sugar mill wastes (pressmud)@Ind. J. LifeSci., (1), 41-46 (2004) ,Ranganathan L.S., Vermibiotechnology- From Soil Health to Human Health, Agrobios., India (2006)@No$Reinecke A. J. and Kriel J. R.@Influence of temperature on thereproduction of the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta)@S.Afr. J. Zool. (16), 96-100 (1981)@No$Sreenivas C, Muralidhar S and Rao M.S.@Vermicompost, aviable component of IPNSS in nitrogennutrition of ridgegourd, Annals of Agricultural Research@21(1), 108�113 (2000)@No$Watanabe H. and Tsukamoto J.@Seasonal change in size andstage structure of Lumbricid Eisenia foetida population in afield compost and its practical application as the decomposerof organic waste matter@Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol., (13), 141-146(1976)@No
<#LINE#>Isolation and Characterization of Various Fungal Strains from Agricultural Soil Contaminated with Pesticides<#LINE#>Rohilla @S.K.,Salar @R.K <#LINE#>297-303<#LINE#>46.ISCA-ISC-2011-1AFS-26.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa - 125 055, INDIA@Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa - 125 055, INDIA<#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>Twenty three soil samples were characterized for the incidence of fungal strains from pesticides contaminated agriculturalsoils. A total of 59 fungal strains were isolated and 33 fungi were characterized using various isolation and identificationmethods. Soil samples were also characterized for physiochemical properties. The isolated fungal strains were successfullyidentified belonging to the phylum ascomycota (7 genera), deuteromycota (2) and zygomycota (1). Alternaria, Aspergillus,Drechslera and Fusarium were predominant genera. Curvularia, Exserohilum, Humicola, Rhizopus and Torula were themost frequently isolated genera. Rests of the strains were not identified owing to the lack of sporulating structures underpresently used incubation conditions. Such strains were designated as Mycelia sterilia. Further, these species will be used inbiodegradation of commonly used pesticides.<#LINE#>Agnihotri N.P.@Pesticide: Safety Evaluation andMonitoring. All India coordinated Project (AICRP) onPesticide Residues@Indian Agricultural ResearchInstitute, New Delhi, India, 132�142 (1999)@No$Rao D.M.R. and Murty A.S.@Persistence of endosulfanin soils@J. Agri. Food Chem., 28, 1099�1101 (1980)@No$Sethunathan N., Megharaj M., Chen Z., Singh N.,Kookana R.S. and Naidu R.@Persistance of endosulfanand endosulfan sulfate in soil as affected by moistureregime and organic matter addition@Bull. Environ.Conta. Toxicol., 68, 725�731 (2002)@No$Witter J.V., Robinson D.E., Mansingh A. and DalipK.M.@Insecticide contamination of Jamaicanenvironment V. Island-wide Rapid survey of residues insurface and ground water@Environ. Monitor. Assess.,56, 257�267 (1999)@No$Chusaksri S. Sutthivaiyakit S. and Sutthivaiyakit P.@Confirmatory Determination of organochlorinepesticides in surface waters using LC/ APCI/ tandemmass spectrometry@Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 384, 1236�1245 (2006)@No$Hernandez-Rodriguez D., Sanchez J.E., Nieto M.G. andMarquez-Rocha F.J.@Degradation of endosulfan duringsubstrate preparation and cultivation of Pleurotuspulmonarius@World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., Online:doi: 10.1007/s11274-005-9102-4 (2006)@No$Marzio W.D., Saenz E., Alberdi J., Tortorelli M.,Nannini P. and Ambrini G.@Bioaccumulation ofendosulfan from contaminated sediment by Vallisneriaspiralis@Bull. Environ. Conta. Toxicol., 74, 637�644(2005)@No$DeLorenzo M.E. Taylor L.A. Lund S.A. PenningtonP.L. Strozier E.D. and Fulton M.H.@Toxicity andbioconcentration potential of the agricultural pesticideendosulfan in phytoplankton and zooplankton@ArchivesEnviron. Conta. Toxicol., 42, 173�181 (2002)@No$Ramaneswari K. and Rao L.M.@Bioconcentration ofendosulfan and monocrotophos by Labeo rohita andChanna punctate@Bull. Environ. Conta. Toxicol., 65,618�622 (2000)@No$Kumari B., Singh J., Singh S. and Kathpal T.S.@Monitoring of butter and ghee (Clarified Butter Fat) forpesticidal contamination form Cotton belt of Haryana@India, Environ. Monitor. Assess., 105, 111�120 (2005)@No$Agnihotri B.P. Sinha A.P. and Kishan S.@Influence ofinsecticides on soil micro-organisms and their biochemicalactivity@Pesticides, 15(9), 16-24 (1981)@No$Field J.A., De Jong E., Feijoo-Costa G. and De BontJ.A.M.@Screening for ligninolytic fungi applicable tothe biodegradation of xenobiotics@Trends Biotechnol.,11, 44�48 (1993)@No$Kirk T.K. and Farrell R.L.@Enzymatic combustion: themicrobial degradation of lignin@Ann. Rev. Microbiol.,41, 465-505 (1987)@No$Hatakka A.@Biodegradation of lignin@In: Steinb�chelA. (ed.) Biopolymers. Vol 1: Hofrichter M., Steinb�chelA. (eds.) Lignin, Humic Substances and Coal. WileyVCH,Germany, 129-180 (2001)@No$Jackson M.L.@Soil Chemical analysis@Prentice Hall ofIndia, Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 498 (1967)@No$Walkley A., and Black I.A.@An examination of theDegtjareff method for determining organic carbon insoils: Effect of variations in digestion conditions and ofinorganic soil constituents@Soil Sci., 63, 251-263 (1934)@No$Moodie C.D., Smith H.W. and McCreery R.A.@Laboratory Manual for Soil Fertility@Washington StateCollege, Mimeograph, USA (1959)@No$Apinis A.E.@Occurrence of thermophilous micro fungiin certain allvial soils near Nottingham Nova Hedwigia@Zeitschr, Kryptogamenk. 5, 57-78 (1963)@No$Ottow J.C.G.@Rose Bengal as a selective aid in theisolation of fungi and actinomycetes from rationalsources@Mycologia, 64 (2), 304-315 (1972)@No$Gilman J.C.@A manual of soil fungi@Revised 2ndedition, Oxford and IBH publishing Co. (1944)@No$Barnett H.L. and Hunter B.B.@Illustrated genera ofImperfect Fungi@Burgress Publishing Company,Minneapolis, Minnesota, (1972)@No$Ellis M.B.@Dermatacious Hyphomycetes,Commonwealth Mycological Institute@Kew, Surrey,UK, (1976)@No$Domsch K.H. Gams W. and Anderson T.H.@Compendium of soil fungi@Academic press, Asubsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, publisher,(1980)@No$Kushaldas M.B.@Eco-physiological studies onthermophilic fungi from diverse habitats in vidarbharegion@Ph.D. Thesis, Nagpur University (2009)@No$Seth P.K. and Singh A.K.@Degradation of Malathion bymicroorganisms isolated from industrial effluents@Bull.Environ. Conta. Toxicol., 43, 28-35 (1989)@No$Hussain S., Arshad M., Saleem M. and Zahir Z.A.@Screening of soil fungi for in vitro degradation ofendosulfan@World J. Microbiol Biotechnol., 23, 939-945 (2007)@No$Romero M.C., Urrutia M.I., Reinoso E.H. and KiernanA.J.@Wild soil fungi able to degrade the herbicideisoproturon@Revista Maxicana De Micologia., 29, 1-7(2009)@No$Das S.S.M. and Anitha S.@Mycoremediatio ofmoocrotophos@International J Pharma Bio Sci., 2(1),337-342 (2011)@No$Frazar C.@The bioremediation and phytoremediation ofpesticide contaminated sites@national network ofenvironmental studies (NNEMS) fellow, WashingtonDC (2000)@No
<#LINE#>Thermal and Hydrodynamic Analysis of the Impingement Cooling inside a Backward Facing Step Flow<#LINE#>Khudheyer @S. Mushatet <#LINE#>304-309<#LINE#>47.ISCA-ISC-2011-7EngS-Mec%2001.pdf<#LINE#>College of Engineering, Thiqar University, Nassiriya, IRAQ<#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>The heat transfer and fluid flow of multiple confined impinging jets impinge normally to the backward facing step cross flow hasbeen numerically investigated. Different sizes of impinging jets were tested while the channel contraction ratio(SR) was rangedfrom 0.25 to 0.5. The continuity, Navier-Stockes and energy equations were solved numerically. The discretized form of theseequations was obtained by using finite volume method with staggered grid technique. A Fortran built home computer codedepending on SIMPLE algorithm was developed to obtain the numerical results. The standard k-e model is used to treat theeffect of turbulence while the wall functions laws were used to treat the regions near the solid walls. The aim of this study is toshow how multiple confined impinging jets can be a controlling factor to enhance the rate of heat transfer form the hot surfaceof the channel backward facing step flow. The conducted results show that the heat transfer is enhanced significantly whenusing multiple impinging jets. The highest heat transfer was found closer to the region of the facing step. Also the results showthat the rate of heat transfer is increased as the jets sizes increase.<#LINE#>Nobuhide Kasagi Akio Matsunaga@Three- Dimensionalparticle � Tracking � Velocimeter velocimetrymeasurement of Turbulennce Statistics and EnergyBudget in a backward-Facing Step Flow@Int. J. Heatand Fluid Flow, 16, 477-485 (1995)@No$Lio T., Hwang J.@Developing Heat Transfer andFriction in a Ribbed Rectangular Duct with FlowSeparation at Inlet@ASME. J. Heat Transfer, 114, 546-573 (1992)@No$Lio T.M., Hwang G.G. and Chen S.H.@Simulation andMeasurements of Enhanced Turbulent Heat Transfer inChannels With Periodic Ribs on One Principal Wall@International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer, 36, 507-507 (1993)@No$Rau G., Cakan M., Moeller D. and Arts T.@The Effectof Periodic Ribs on The Local Aerodynamics and HeatTransfer Performance of A Straight Cooling Channel@ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 120, 368-375(1988)@No$Han J.C@Heat Transfer and Friction Characteristics inRectangular Channels With Rib Turbulators@ASMEJournal of Heat Transfer, 110, 91-98 (1988)@No$Abe K. and Kondoh T.@A new Turbulent Model forPredicting Fluid Flow and Heat transfer in Separatingand Reattacing flows@37, 139-151 (1994)@No$Srba Jovice and David M. Driver@Backward FacingStep Measurements at Low Reynolds Number@Reh=500, NASA, California 94035-1000 (1994).@No$Ichimiya K. and Hosaka N.@Experimental Study ofHeat Transfer Characteristics Due To ConfinedImpinging Two Dimensional Jet Exp. Thermal andFluid Science@5, 803-807 (1992)@No$Zhang H.Q., Chan C.K. and Lau K.S@NumericalSolution of Sudden Expansion Particle-Laden FlowsUsing an Improved Stochastic Flow Model@NumericalHeat Transfer, Part A, 4089-102 ( 2001)@No$Wang B., Zhang H.Q. and Wang X.L.@Large EddySimulation of Particle Response to Turbulence along itsTrajectory in a Back Word-Facing Step TurbulentFlow@Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 49, 415-420 (2006)@No$Thangam S. and Knight D.@Effect of Step Height onThe Separated Flow Past a Backward Facing Step@Phys. Fluids, 3, 604-606 (1989)@No$Nie J.H. and Armaly B.F.@Three DimensionalConvective Flow Adjacent to a Backward Facing Stepeffectsof Step Height@Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 45,2431-2438 (2002)@No$Rhee G.H. and Sung H.G.@Enhancement of HeatTransfer in Turbulent Separated and Re-AttachmentFlow by Local Forcing@Numerical Heat Transfer, PartA, l37, 733-735 (2000)@No$Jones W.P. and Lunder B.E.@The Prediction ofLaminarization with a Two Equation Model ofTurbulence@J. Heat Mass transfer (1972)@No$Versteege H.K. and Malalasekera W.@An Introductionof Computational Fluid Dynamics, HemisopherePublishing Corporation@United State of America (1995)@No
<#LINE#>Impact of Microbe in Degradation of Bamboo Plantation of Balpakram National Park of Meghalaya with Special Reference to the Parasitic Forms, India<#LINE#>Chakraborty @Ratan <#LINE#>310-312<#LINE#>48.ISCA-ISC-2011-1AFS-12.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany Don Bosco College, Tura, Meghalaya, INDIA<#LINE#>25/10/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#>Most developing countries, especially in Africa, have been characterized by poverty and hunger, a situation that has been traced tothe daily rapid reduction in the quality and quantity of available water resources. Less than 1% of the global water resource isreliably available for human consumption. A larger proportion of this percentage is polluted in most settlements in the developingnations. This therefore necessitates the call for adequate management of the existing source in these countries. The research paperlooked at Nigerian major ecological zones based rainfall amount using normal of 1971 to 2000 with a based period of 2010. Thispaper presents the potentials of adopting the technology in the management of Nigerian surface waters. It envisages that theefficacy of the technology could reduce the present level of slow response to water quality assessment, fund wastage, duplication ofduties, and ensure adequate distribution of good water to the people.<#LINE#>Sujan Singh and Pandey �@A new rust genus on bamboo@Trans. Br. Myco, Soc. 56:301-303 (2000)@No$Shigo A.L.@Biology of decay and wood quality@II. Int.Congress of plant pathology, Minnesota U.S.A (1972)@No$Bakshi B.K and Boyce J.S.@Effects of fungal damage tobamboo@Res. and Ind. 5,38-39 (1960)@No$Sharma P. D.@The Fungi, Rastogi publications@Meerut,(1998)@No$Sarbhay A. K.@Fungi of India@Daya Publishing House.Delhi (1997)@No
<#LINE#>Levels of Glutathione S - Transferase In Different Larval Tissues of Papilio Demoleus<#LINE#>Warade @N. V. <#LINE#>313-316<#LINE#>49.ISCA-ISC-2011-2AVFS-22.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, Shankarlal Khandelwal College, Akola, M.S., INDIA<#LINE#>7/12/2011<#LINE#>16/1/2012<#LINE#>Papilio species are of economic importance, as their larvae are important defoliator of citrus known from almost all the citrusgrowing areas of the world. As a result, the overall vigour and vitality of the citrus plant is reduced considerably. The aim of thepresent article is to study the glutathione S-transferase in different larval tissues of Papilio demoleus. CDNB - conjugationactivity was compared in various fifth instar larval tissues of laboratory reared and field collected Papilio demoleus using CDNB(1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene) as substrate. Different tissues estimated for GST include the midgut, fat bodies, cuticle,haemolymph and the whole body of two days old fifth instar larvae. The GST activity was found highest (648.93 � 0.08 �M mgprotein-1min-1) in fat bodies of field-collected larvae while the corresponding value in the laboratory-reared larvae was 80.19 �0.05 �M mg protein-1min-1, where it showed 8.09 fold increases in GST activity. The fat bodies showed highest GST activitysuggesting that the fat body is the major site of metabolism of insecticide, especially the organophosphate class, whiles the gut,cuticle and haemolymph also plays an important role in the metabolism of insecticide.<#LINE#>Scott J.G.@Investigating mechanism of insecticideresistance, methods strategies, Pesticide Resistance inArthropods@Chapman and Hall, New York, 39 � 57(1990)@No$Hunaiti A.A.; Elbetieha A.M.; Obeidat M.A. and OwaisW.M.@Developmental studies on Drosophilamelanogaster Glutathione S�transferase and itsinduction by oxadiazolone@Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.,25, 1115 � 1119 (1995)@No$Jovanovic Galovic A., Blagojevic D.P., Grubor LajsicG., Worland R. and Spasic M.B.@Role of antioxidantdefense during different stages of preadult life cycle inEuropean corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hubn.)diapause and metamorphosis@Archives of InsectBiochem. and Physio., 55 (2), 79�89 (2004)@No$Wu J.Q.@Acaricide resistance as mediated bydetoxification and target site insensitivity@ResistantPest Management Newsletter, 13 (1), 65 � 70 (2003)@No$Mohan M. and Gujar G.T.@Local variation insusceptibility of the diamondback moth Plutellaxylostella (L.) to insecticides and role of detoxificationenzymes@Crop Prot., 1, 10 (2003)@No$Yu S.J.@Biochemical characterization of microsomaland cytosolic glutathione �S transferases in larvae ofthe fall armyworm@Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith),Pesti. Biochem. and Physio., 72, 100 � 110 (2002)@No$Bradford M.M.@A rapid and sensitive method for thequantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizingthe principle of protein dye binding@Anal. Biochem.,72, 248 (1976)@No$Kranthi K.R., Armes N.J., Rao N.G.V., Raj S. andSunderamurthy V.T.@Seasonal dynamics of metabolicmechanism mediating pyrethroid resistance in H.armigera in Central India@Pesticide Sci., 50, 91- 98(1997)@No$Kao C.H., Hung C.F. and Sun C.N.@Parathion andmethyl parathion resistance in diamondback moth (Lep:Plutellidae) larvae@J. Econ. Entomol., 82, 1299 (1989)@No$Kotze A.C. and Rose H.A.@Glutathione S � transferasein the Australian sheep Blowfly@Lucilia cuprina(wiedemann), Pesti., Biochem. and Physio, 29, 77 � 86(1987)@No$Rajurkar R.B. and Zia H. Khan@Studies on GlutathioneS � transferase in National Pest (Helicoverpa armigera)@Toxicology, 1 � 3, 213 � 214 (2001)@No$Motoyama N., Hayaoka T., Nomura K. and DautermanW.C.@Multiple factors for organophosphorus resistancein the housefly Musca domestica@J. Pestic. Sci., 5, 393(1980)@No$Rose R.L., Barbhaiya L., Roe R. M., Rock G. C. andHodgson E.@Cytochrome P450 � associated insecticideresistance and the development of biochemicaldiagnostic assays in Heliothis virescens@Pesti.,Biochem. and Physio., 51 (3), 178 � 191 (1995)@No$Fragoso D.B., Raul N.C.G. and Sebastiao T.R.@GSTdetoxification as a potential pyrethroid resistancemechanism in the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais@Entomol. Experiement Applica., 109, 21�29 (2003)@No$Leonova I.N. and Slynko N.M.@Life stage variations ininsecticidal susceptibility and detoxification capacity ofthe beet webworm Pyrausta sticticalis L. (Lep:Pyralidae)@Journal of Applied Entomology , 128 (6),419 � 425 (2004)@No$Roush R.T. and Tabashnik B.E.@Pesticide Resistance inArthropods@Chapman and Hall, New York, 58 � 96(1990)@No$Shivankar V.J. and Singh Shyam@Insect pests of citrusintegrated Approach for their Management@IntensiveAgriculture, XXXVI No. 11, 17 � 22 (1999)@No$Vontas J.G., Small G.J. and Hemingway J.@Glutathione S - transferases as antioxidant defenceagents confer pyrethroid resistance in Nilaparvatalugens@Biochemical J., 357, 65 � 72 (2001)@No$Zhang Youjun, Zhang Wenji, Han Xilai and LiXuefeng@Biochemical and physiological mechanismsof insecticide resistance in Helicoverpa armigera(Hubner)@Acta Entomological Sinica, 43 (3), 247 � 253(2000)@No
<#LINE#>Biodiversity of Actinomycetes in Hypersaline soils of Kolhapur district and their screening as potential antibiotic producer, India<#LINE#>Nakade @D. B. <#LINE#>317-319<#LINE#>50.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-21.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of microbiology, govt. Rajaram college,vidyanagar, Kolhapur, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>30/9/2011<#LINE#>30/12/2011<#LINE#>Hyper saline Soil samples from different sites in Kolhapur district of Maharashtra were analysed over a period of one year foractinomycetes population. Microscopic, cultural, biochemical characters, pigmentation, cell wall analysis and spore morphologyand other criteria were used to identify the Actinomycetes isolates. Members of genus Streptomyces were identified by MICRO-ISsoftware1. Isolates other than Streptomyces genus were identified using Bergeys manual of systematic bacteriologyy2.Theactinomycetes species identified are Streptomyces (37),Streptoverticillum (20),Micromonospora (15),Nocardia (13),Microbispora(08),Actinoplanes (5),Planomonospora(04),Kitasatosporia (3).Isolates were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity byAgar overlay technique using two bacterial and four fungal species.Results indicated that the hyper saline soils are rich inbiodiversity of actinomycetes, 4 species showed antifungal activity and 10 showed antibacterial activity.Present study indicated thatthe halophillic actinomycetes have a great potential to be an antibiotic producer and can be explored for antibiotic production.<#LINE#>Richards L.A.@Diagnosis and improvement of Salinealkali soil@USDA Handbook No.60, Wasington, 69-82(1954)@No$Kushner D.J.@the Halobacteriaceae. In the Bacteria, atreatise on structure and function@C.R. Woese and R.S.Wolfe, Academic press, 8, 171-214 (1985)@No$Rodriguez Valera F.@Characteristics and Microbialecology of Hyper saline environment, In HalophilicBacteria@(ed. F. Rodriguez-Valera, CRC press). BocaRaton (Florida), III, 30, (1986)@No$Smit F.B.@An investigation on a taint in ribbons ofbacon, the determination of halophillic Vibrios@(n.sp.)Proc.R.Coc.Queensland,49, 29-53 (1938)@No$Quesda E.A., Ventosa F., Rodriguez Valera And A.Ramos-cormenza@Types and properties of some bacteriaisolated from hypersaline soils@J.Appl.Bacteriol, 53,155-161 (1982)@No$Quesda E.A., Ventosa F., Rodriguez-valera , Megias I.and Ramos-cormenza A.@Numerical taxonomy ofmoderately halophilic bacteria isolated from hypersalinesoils@J.Gen. Microbio, 129, 2649-57, (1983)@No$Quesda E., Valdermma M., Bejar V., VentosaA., Rulzberra quero F. And Ramos ormenza@A. Syst.Appl.Microbiol@9,132-137, (1987)@No$Collins C.H., Lyne P.M. and Granje J.M.@Microbiological methods@Butterworth and Heinemannpub, (1995)@No$Becker B., Lechevalier M.P. and Lechevalier H.A.@Chemical composition of cell wall preparation fromstrains of various form-genera of aerobic actinomycetes@Appl.Microbiol, 13,236-243, (1965)@No$Staneck J.A. and Roberts G.D.@Simplified approach toidentification of aerobic actinomycetes by thin layerchromatography@J.Appl.Microbiol, 28, 226-23, (1974)@No$Gibbs B.M. and Shapten D.A.@Identification methodsfor microbiologists part@B.Academic press, New York,(1968)@No$Portyrata D.A. and Krichevsky M.I., MICRO-IS@Amicrobiological database management and analysissystem@Binary, 4, 31-36 (1992)@No$Williams S.T.,Sharpe M.E. and Holt J.G.@Bergeysmanual of systematic bacteriology@Vol. 4,The Williamsand Wilkins co.Baltimore (1989)Erikson D., studies onsome lake mud strains of Micromonospora, J. Bacteriol,41, 227-300 (1941)@No$Jiang C.L. and Xu L.H.@Diversity of acquaticactinomycetes in lakes of middle plateau,Yunan@China,Appl.Env.Microbiol, 62, 249-253 (1996)@No$Silvey J.K.G. and Roach A.W.@The taste and odourproducing actinomycetes@Crit.Rev.En.control, 5, 233-273, (1975)@No$Cross T. and Al-Diwany L.J.@Streptomycetes withsubstrate mycelia spores@the genus Elytrosporangium.Zentrablatt ,Fur baktriologie, Microbiologie andHypiene, 1, Abteilung, Supplement, 11, 59-65 (1981)@No$Mickovski M.@Microflora of saline soils in Republic ofMacedonia Ann@Fac. Agri. Skopje, 14, 277-298 (1961)@No
<#LINE#>Effect of seed size and weight on seed germination of Alangium lamarckii, Akola, India<#LINE#>Ahirwar @J. R. <#LINE#>320-322<#LINE#>51.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-25.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Govt. College Niwari Dist. Tikamgarh, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>10/10/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#>The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of seed size and weight on seed germination of Alangium lamarckiiThwaites. The data revealed that the large size seeds gave maximum (76.00%) germination followed by medium size (74.00%) andsmall size seeds characterized by low germination percentage (59.00%). It is evident that the germination percentage significantlydeclined with reduction in size and weight of the seeds.<#LINE#>Oudhia Pankaj@Ankol (Alangium lamarckii) asmedicinal herb in Chhattisgarh India@Botanical.com,(2001)@No$Girish B., Shahapurmath G.R., Kumar A.K.K. andGaniger B.S.@Effect of seed size and depth of sowing onseed germination in Sapindus trifoliatus@My Forest, 37,483-489 (2001)@No$Indira E.P., Chand Basha S. and Chacko K.C.@Effect ofseed size grading on germination and growth of Teak(Tectona grandis) seedlings@J. Trop. For. Sci., 12 (1),21-27 (2000)@No$Wood D.W., Longden P.C. and Scott R.K.@Seed sizevariation, its extent, source and significance in fieldcrops@Seed Sci. Technol., 2, 337-352 (1977)@No$Arjunan M.C., Antony K.A. and Ponnammal N.R.@Effect of seed size on germination, viability and seedlingbiomass in Pongamia pinnata Pierre@Van Vigyan, 32,23-28 (1994)@No$Dar Farooq Ahmad@Gera Mohit and Gera Neelu, Effectof seed grading on germination pattern of somemultipurpose tree species of Jammu region@IndianForester, 128 (5), 509-513 (2002)@No$Kumar Devendra@Effect of seed size on germination andseedling performance during storage of neem(Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seeds@Indian Forester, 133(9), 1198-1206 (2007)@No$Mertia R.S. and Kunhamu T.K.@Seed germination trialon Salvodora obeoides Decne@Journal of TropicalForestry, 16 (1), 50-62 (2000)@No$Mutha Neena, Burman Uday, Tiwari J.C. and HarshL.N.@Effect of seed weight on germination and seedlingsquality of Prosopis juliflora (SW) DC@Annals ofAridzone, 33 (3), 253-254 (1994)@No$Nagarajan M. and Mertia R.S.@Effect of Seed Size andsowing depth on germination and seedling growth ofColophospermum mopane (Kirh ex Benth) Kirt ex J.Leon@Indian Forester, 132 (8), 1007-1012 (2006)@No$Negi A.K. and Todaria N.P.@Effect of seed size andseed weight on germination pattern and seedlingdevelopment of some multipurpose tree species ofGarhwal Himalaya@Indian Forester, 123 (1), 32-36(1997)@No$Ponnammal N.R., Arjunan M.C., Gunamani T. andAntony K.A.@Germination and seedling growth of A.indica@Journal of Tree Science, 12 (2), 65-68 (1993)@No$Sharma K.K. and Sood O.P.@Germination behaviour ofseed of Leucaena leucocephala, as influenced byvarious treatments and seed sizes@Van Vigyan, 28 (3),99-105 (1990)@No$Singh V., Shah V.K. and Bana O.P.S.@Effect of conediameter on seed yield, moisture content andgermination in Himalayan Blue pine (Pinus wallichianaA.B. Jacks)@Indian Forester, 122 (2), 150-154 (1996)@No$Singh Nidhi and Saxena A.K.@Seed size variation and itseffect on germination and seedling growth of Jatrophacurcas L.@Indian Forester, 135 (8), 1135-1142 (2009)@No$Singh V. and Shah V.K.@Effect of seed weight ongermination and seedling growth in Silver fir (Abiespindrow )@Van Vigyan, 30, 104-106 (1992)@No$Ghildiyal S.K. and Sharma C.M.@Effect of seed size andtemperature treatments on germination of various seeds@Indian Forester, 131 (1), 57-65 (2005)@No$Manga V.K. and Sen D.N.@Influence of seed traits ongermination in Prosopis cineraria@(L.) MacBride, J.Arid Environ., 31, 371-375 (1995)@No$Suresh K.K., Sekhar I. and Vijayaraghavan@Effect ofseed colour and seed size on seedling quality in Bassialongifolia Linn@My Forest, 39, 179-184 (2003)@No$Swaminathan C. and Srimathi P.@Importance of seedmanagement on germination and seedling growth of fourtropical legumes@Range Mgmt.and Agroforestry, 15(1),43-47 (1994)@No$Lusk, C.H.@Seed size, establishment sites and speciesco-existence in a Chilean rain forest@Jour. VegetationSci., 6, 249-256 (1995)@No
<#LINE#>Microbiological analysis of surface water in Indore, India<#LINE#>Sohani @Smruti,Iqbal @Sanjeeda <#LINE#>323-325<#LINE#>52.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-32.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Holkar Science College, Indore, INDIA@Department of Botany, Holkar Science College, Indore, INDIA<#LINE#>18/10/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#>Water borne bacterial pathogens were isolated from surface waters in Indore, India. The bacterial pathogenic organisms can causeintestinal infections, dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera, and other illnesses. The paper discusses results of bacteriological analysisdone on various water samples taken from different sources in Indore. The water samples collected from different regions of Indorewere found to have significant impurities, considerable deterioration and remarkable variation. In the bacteriological analysis,colliform group of bacteria are differentiated by the presumptive test, confirmed test and completed test. After performing thesetests Gram negative, were non spore forming and rod shaped bacteria having metallic shine or pink with dark centerd colonies onEMB agar indicated positive results. The isolates were characterized and identified as E.coli, Enterobacter, Klebsilla, salmonellaand Shigella. The study therefore, stresses on the need to control the fecal pollution of water bodies.<#LINE#>Sofola T.O., Lawal M@Bacteriological analysis of watersamples from main tasps and domestic water storagetanks in metropolinta Lagos Niger@Med. Pract, 6(3),95-98, (1983)@No$World Health Organization@Guidelines for Drinkingwater quality@Volume 1: 3rd edition, WHO Press,Switzerland (2009)@No$Kondal R.Y.@Analytic study and Microorganismspresent in rain water of different areas@Inter. j. Envir.Sci., 2(1), (2011)@No$Tortora J.G., Funke R.B., Case L.C.@and Microbiologyan introduction Media update of 7 Edn. Includingbibliography and index publisher Daryl Fox@258- 260(2002)@No$Yau J.T.S.@Chemical and microbiological qualities ofThe East River (Dongjiang) water@with particularreference to drinking water supply in Hong Kong, Inter.J.Micro 52(9), 1441�1450 (2003)@No$Okonko Lo., Adejoye Od., Ogunnsi TA., Fajobi EA,Shittu@Microbiological and physico chemical analysisof driffent water sample used for domestic purpose inAbeokuta and Ojota@Lagos stat Nigeria. Afr. J.Biotechnol, 7(3), 617-621 (2008)@No$Abraham W.R.@Megacities as Sources for PathogenicBacteria in Rivers@Inter. J.Micro. (2011)@No$Saleem S., Kamili A.N.@Isolation, identification andseasonal distribution of bacteria in Dal Lake@Kashmir,Inter. j. Envir. Sci., 2(1), 185 (2011)@No$Bharti N. and Katyal D.@Water quality indices used forsurface water vulnerability assessment@Inter. j. Envir.Sci., 2(1), 154 (2011)@No$@APHA Standard method for the examination of waterand waste water 19th ed@American Public HealthAssociations, Washington (1992)@No
<#LINE#>Ethnobotanical Notes on Satpura Hills of Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>Patil @H.M. <#LINE#>326-328<#LINE#>53.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-41.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, V. N. College, Shahada, Dist. Nandurbar, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>30/10/2011<#LINE#>31/12/2011<#LINE#>Present communication deals with some ethno medicinal uses of 21 plant species, by the tribals of Satpura hill region in Nandurbardistrict of Maharashtra. This region is inhibited by tribal communities like Bhil, Valvi, Gavit, Padvi, Mawchi, Konkani, Dhanka,Tadvi, etc. The ethno botanical information on plants viz., botanical name, family (in parenthesis), local name, plant part used andmode of administration is enumerated.<#LINE#>Harshberger, J. W.@Purpose of Ethnobotany : Bot@Gaz.21 (3) : 146-154 (1896)@No$D�Souza M.@Tribal Medicine, Society for Promotion ofWasteland Development@New Delhi, (1992)@No$Bhaskar V.V.@Tribal ecology of Toranmal Forestregion in Satpura hills@Eco. Environ Conserv., 5 (4),307-311, (1999)@No$Patil H.M. and Bhaskar V.V.@Medicinal knowledgesystem of tribals of Nandurbar district@Maharashtra.Indian Journal of Traditional knowledge, 5 (3), 327-330, July (2006)@No$Patil H. M. and Bhaskar V. V.@Medicinal uses of plantsby tribal medicine men of Nandurbar district inMaharashtra@Natural Product Radiance, 5 (2), 125-130, (2006)@No$Cook, T.@The Flora of Presidency of Bombay@(BishanSingh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun) (1965)@No$Shah, G. L.@Flora of Gujrat State, Sardar PatelUniversity VV Nagar@(1978)@No$Patil D. A.@Flora of Dhule and Nandurbar Districts@Maharashtra, Bishan Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, DehraDun, (2003)@No
<#LINE#>Foliar Response of Two Species of Cassia to Heavy Air Pollution Load at Indore City, India <#LINE#>Tiwari @Shweta <#LINE#>329-332<#LINE#>54.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-62.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany P.M.B. Gujarati Science College, Indore, INDIA<#LINE#>18/11/2011<#LINE#>31/12/2011<#LINE#>Plants are constantly exposed to air, they absorb, accumulate and integrate pollutants confining on their foliar surfaces and showspecific response too. The use of plants as monitors of air pollution has long been established, as plants are the initial acceptors ofair pollution. Present study was carried out to find out the effect of air pollutants on morphology, physiology and biochemistry ofCassia siamea Lamk. and Cassia Glauca Lamk growing at two different sites of Indore city viz. Scheme No. 78(Site-I), considered as Low Polluted Area (LPA), in this area there is very low traffic frequency and industries are absent and MR-10 (Site-II) which is Major Road No. 10 of Indore city. There are large number of Industries and heavy traffic frequency in thisarea, so it is considered as a polluted area. The two species growing at polluted site showed reduction in size of leaf, number ofstomata and leaf biomass. Variations in biochemical parameters like chlorophyll in the leaves were found to be pollution load dependent<#LINE#>Rani Mamta, Pal Naresh and Sharma R.K.@Effect ofrailway engines emission on the micro morphology ofsome field plants@Journal of Environmental Biology, 27(2), 373-376 (2006)@No$Jain A. and Sreelatha C.@Morphological studies ofleaves of Azadirachta Indica, Cassia siamea andDalbergia sissoo as affected by dust@J. Bot. Soc. Univ.Sagar, 41, 1-4 (2006)@No$Gupta M.C. and Ghouse A.K.M.@The effects of coalsmoke pollution on the leaf epidermal architecture insolanum melongena L. Variety pusa people long@Environmental pollution Ser. A., (4), 315-21, (1986)@No$Salgare S.A. and throat V.B.@Effect of auto - exhaustpollution at Andheri (west) Bombay on the micromorphology of some tress@Journal of Ecobiology, 2 (4),267-272 (1990)@No$Tiwari S., Syed K., Sikka J. and Joshi O. P.@Airpollution induced changes in foliar morphology of twospecies of Cassia at Indore city@Journal ofEnvironmental Research and Development 2 (3), (2008)@No$Datta S.C. and Sinharoy S.@Leaf surface effects ofenvironmental pollution of putraanjiva ruxburghii@Current Science, 56 (23), (1987)@No$Gunamani T., Guruswamy R. and Saminathan.@Effect ofdust pollution on the dorsal appendages and anatomy ofleaves in some herbaceous plants@J. Swamy Bot. Club, 8(3 and 4) 79-85 (1991)@No$Tripathi A.K. and Gautam M.@Biochemical parametersof plants as indicators of air pollution@J. Environ. Biol, 28 (1), 127- 132 (2007)@No$Joshi P.C. and Swami A.@Air pollution induced changesin the photosynthetic pigments of selected plant species@J. Environ. Biol. 30 (2), 295- 298 (2009)@No$Pawar K., Dube B., Wagela D.K. and Joshi 0. P.@Leadmonitoring in air, soil and foliar deposits at Indore citywith special reference to automobile pollution@J.Environ.Biol, 23 (4), 417-421 (2002)@No
<#LINE#>Ethnomedicinal Herbal Recipes from Satpura Hill Ranges of Shirpur Tahsil, Dhule, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>Patil @Sunil J.,Patil @H.M. <#LINE#>333-336<#LINE#>55.ISCA-ISC-2011-3BS-84.pdf<#LINE#>H. R. Patel Kanya Secondary and Higher Secondary School, Shirpur, Dhule, MS, INDIA@Department of Botany, V. N. College, Shahada, Nandurbar MS,INDIA<#LINE#>30/11/2011<#LINE#>1/1/2012<#LINE#>During the course of ethnobotanical explorations in the Satpura hill ranges of Shirpur tahsil, a large number of plants species havebeen collected which are used by the tribals to cure various ailments. The present paper deals with 23 plant species which areethno-medicinally important. The tribals employ different parts of these plants with different method of preparation and mode ofadministration of medicine.<#LINE#>World Health Organization@Traditional Medicine,Geneva@WHO (1978)@No$Borse S.C., Bhamre P.B. and Patil D.A.@MedicinalPlantlore of the tribals of Dhule (Maharashtra)@Biojournal, 2(1), 47-54 (1990)@No$Yadav V.V. and Bhamre P.B.@Ethno-medico-botanicalstudies of Dhule forests in Maharashtra State@J.Econ.Tax. Bot, 13(2), 455-460 (1989)@No$Cook T.@The Flora of Presidency of Bombay@(BishanSingh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun) (1965)@No$Patil D.A.@Flora of Dhule and Nandurbar Districts@Maharashtra, Bishan Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, DehraDun (2003)@No$Shah G.L.@Flora of Gujrat State@Sardar Patel UniversityVV Nagar (1978)@No$Jain S.K. and Rao R.R.@A Handbook of Field andHerbarium Methods@Today and Tomorrow, Printers andPublishers, New Delhi (1977)@No
<#LINE#>Crystal structure optimization, Semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations and Non-linear optical property of a thiazolo [3, 2-a] pyrimidine derivative<#LINE#>Jotani @Mukesh M.,Baldaniya @Bharat B. <#LINE#>337-340<#LINE#>56.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-103.pdf<#LINE#>Physics Department, Bhavan�s Sheth R. A. College of Science, Khanpur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat,INDIA@Chemistry Department, M. G. Science Institute, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>15/11/2011<#LINE#>31/12/2011<#LINE#>The crystal structure of the title molecule has been analyzed with the help of AM1 semi-empirical calculations to explain the crystalpacking effect and the results were compared with earlier DFT analysis. The electric dipole moment (? ) and static first and secondorder hyperpolarizabilities (? and ??) have been computed using Time Dependent Hartree Fock (TDHF) method incorporated inMOPAC2009 program to inspect the microscopic non-linear optical behaviour of the title compound. This is in good agreementwith the experimentally measured second harmonic generation efficiency of the compound which is 0.36 and 4.17 times to those ofurea and KDP respectively, hence it suggests the non-linear optical behaviour of the material. The intramolecular charge transferinteractions result during the HOMO-LUMO transitions observed from the calculated energy values.<#LINE#>Jotani M.M., Baldaniya B.B. and Jasinski J.P.@CrystalStructure of Ethyl (2Z, 5R)-2-benzylidene-7- methyl-3-oxo-5-phenyl-2@3-dihydro-5H-[1,3] Thiazolo [3,2-a]Pyrimidine-6-carboxylate, J. Chem. Crystallogr., 39,898-901 (2009)@No$Kurtz S.K. and Perry T.T.@J. Appl. Phys.@39, 3798-3813 (1968)@No$Stewart J.P., MOPAC2009@Stewart ComputationalChemistry@Version 8.351w web:http://OpenMOPAC.net@No$Suenaga M. Facio version 14.1.1@ComputationalChemistry environment for MOPAC@GAMES andGAUSSIAN@No$Allouche A. R., Gabedit@A graphical user interface forComputational Chemistry@J. of Comp. Chem.,Doi:10.1002/jcc.21600, (2010)@No
<#LINE#>A Study of Transition Metal Complex of Diuretic Drug and study of its Physico-chemical properties as Potential Therapeutic Agent<#LINE#>Nair @Smita <#LINE#>341-344<#LINE#>57.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-133.pdf<#LINE#>Prestige Institute of Engineering and Science, Indore, M.P. INDIA<#LINE#>30/12/2011<#LINE#>1/1/2012<#LINE#>It has been found that biologically active compounds become more effective and bacterio-static upon chelation with metal ions1.The biological activity of many drugs has been shown to be enhanced on complexing with metal ions, hence promoting their use inPharmacology5. The pharmaceutical action of such �drug complexes� are henceforth studied. In the context of present researchwork, drugs are used as ligands or chelating agents that contain atoms or groups like N, O, P etc that can attach with metals ormetal ions by coordinate linkages to form complexes. . Although a large number of therapeutic agents are known, the literaturesurvey reveals that very little work has been done on the metal complexes of diuretic drugs. The present work deals with thesynthesis of metal complexes derived from diuretic drugs and their physio-chemical analysis to find out ligand- metal ratio of thesecomplexes in solution. The complexes of Mn salts are prepared. For the structure elucidation of these complexes �Monovariationmethod� has been used to ascertain the ligand-metal ratio in the complex. The stability constant of the formed complex wascalculated by molar conductance measurement using Modified Job�s method. The analysis has been carried out usingconductometry and pHmetry. To confirm metal-ligand ratio, conductometric titrations were carried out at room temperature usinganalytical grade metal salts. Titrations were carried out with �systronics conductivity-meter� using dip type conductivity cellhaving cell constant 1 at room temperature. These findings might be useful in the optimization of Amyloride as lead for futuredevelopment of diuretic drugs for hypertension.<#LINE#>Weisman M.H. and Albert. D@American Journal ofMedicine 75@157-164 (1983)@No$Anderson W.F.@Inorganic Chemistry in Biology andMedicine@ACS Symposium series, American ChemicalSociety, Washington DC (1980)@No$Carradona J.P. and Lippard S.J.@Inorganic Chemistry@(1988)@No$Sengupta N.R.@Indian Journal of Chemistry 29@33(1966)@No$Raman N@Antonysamy Transition metal chemistry@1-2,26 (2001)@No$Iqbal S.A., Qureshi R. and Siddiqui S.@Orient Journalof Chemistry@3(3), 276-277 (1987)@No$Iqbal S.A. and Kaushal R.@Journal of Science andResearch@2, 223 (1980)@No$Qualitative Inorganic Analysis@Longmann Green andCo@London Vogel-I,II (1959)@No$Wilkins R.G@Kinetics and Mechanism of Reactions ofTransition metal complexes@Vol-II, (1991)@No$Huhey J.E@Proceedings of the Regional AnnualChemistry Teaching Symposium@52-78 (Reacts 1973)@No
<#LINE#>A calorimetric study on the interaction between Vitamin-B6 and lysozyme<#LINE#>Barzegar @L.,Rezaei Behbehani @G.,Moosavi @M.,Mehreshtiagh @M. <#LINE#>345-347<#LINE#>58.ISCA-ISC-2011-4CS-139.pdf<#LINE#>Chemistry Department, Azad Takestan University, Qazvin, IRAN@Chemistry Department, Azad Takestan University, Qazvin, IRAN@Chemistry Department, Payam Noor University, Abhar, IRAN@Chemistry Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, IRAN<#LINE#>30/11/2011<#LINE#>20/1/2012<#LINE#>The binding reaction between vitamin B6 (B6, pyridoxine) and lysozyme (Lys) was investigated for the first time by isothermaltitration calorimetry (ITC), at pH 7 at 27�C in tris buffer (25mmol.L-1). The enthalpies of LYS+B6 interaction are reported andanalysed in term of the extended solvation model. The thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy changes (?H) and entropy changes(?S) were calculated. These data suggested that hydrophobic interaction was the predominant intermolecular forces stabilizing thecomplex, which was in good agreement with the results of molecular modeling study. It was found that LYS has one noncooperativebinding site for Vitamin B6.<#LINE#>Buck M., Schwalbe H. and Dobson C.M.@Characterizationof Conformational Preferences in a Partly Folded Proteinby Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy Assignment andSecondary Structure Analysis of Hen Egg-WhiteLysozyme in Trifluoroethanol@J.Biochemistry., 34(40),13219-13232 (1995)@No$Ghosh A., Brinda K.V. and Vishveshwara S.@Dynamics ofLysozyme Structure Network: Probing the Process ofUnfolding@J.Biophys., 92(7), 2523-2535 (2007)@No$Zhang Z., Zheng Q., Han J., Gao J., Liu J., Gong T., GuZ., Huang Y., Sun X. and He Q.@The targeting of 14-succinate triptolide-lysozyme conjugate to proximal renaltubular epithelial cells@J.Biomaterial 30, 1372-1381(2009)@No$Croguennec T., Nau F., Molle D., Graet Y L. and BruleG.@Iron and citrate interactions with hen egg whitelysozyme@J. Food Chem.,68(1), 29-35 (2000)@No$Rezaei-Behbehani G., Taherkhani A., Barzegar L.,Saboury A A. and Divsalar A.@Refolding of LysozymeUpon Interaction with �-Cyclodextrin@Journal of SciencesIslamic Republic of Iran., 22(2), 117-120 (2011)@No$Saboury A A.@A Review on the Ligand Binding Studiesby Isothermal Titration Calorimetry@Journal of theIranian Chemical Society, 3(1), 1-21 (2006)@No$Saboury A A.@Application of a new method for dataanalysis of isothermal titration calorimetry in theinteraction between human serum albumin and Ni2@J.Chem. Thermodynamics, 35(12),1975�1981 (2003)@No
<#LINE#>Existing situation of Solid waste management in pune city, India<#LINE#>Mane @T.T.,Hingane Hemalata @N. <#LINE#>348-351<#LINE#>59.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-45.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Baburaoji Gholap College, Sangvi, Pune, MS, INDIA@Shree Vinay Engg. Services Pvt. Ltd. working site Tata Motors Pvt. Ltd. Pimpri Pune, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>30/11/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#>At present the most serious problem of pollution is the direct result of human activity. As soon as large settlement and townsbecome common, the problem of disposal of solid waste arose. India is also experiencing tremendous growth in urban areas.Urban centers of India produce 120,000 tones of solid waste per day. Some metropolitan cities like Bombay, Calcutta, Bangalore,and Pune showing typical urban pollution. Among these Pune is also one of the city which produces large quantity (1000-2000mt/day) of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There is major problem of its disposal and management. Pune Municipal Corporation(PMC) dispose municipal solid waste at Urali Devachi Depot which is 20 km away from pune city. Due to unscientific disposal ofMSW the huge hips are produced at the disposal site. The decomposition of waste produce leachate. This leachate gets percolatedin surrounding ground water. In the present study leachate and well water of near by area is analyzed for the concentration ofchromium and zinc. The analytical data showed that concentration of chromium and zinc in leachate is 5 to 8 mg/l and 10 to 15mg/l respectively which is more than permissible limit of MPCB (Maharashtra Pollution Control Board). The concentration of.chromium and zinc is 5 to 8 mg/l and 6 to 9.5 mg/l in nearby well water. This clearly indicates that there is higher concentration ofthese metals in well water. The people residing in these areas are using well water for drinking, domestic and for agricultural use.It is observed that the people living in this area having health and hygienic problems such as allergic, asthmatic, bronchitis, skinirritation and gastro intestinal diseases. These problems are discussed in this paper.<#LINE#>Y. Anjaneyula@Introduction to Environmental Science@(2005)@No$Dhere A.M. and Pardeshi P.B.@Municipal solid waste disposal inPune city�Current science@(95)6 (2008)@No$Taylan V., Dahiya R.P., Anand S., and Sreekrishnan@Quantification of Methane emission from Solid Waste Disposal inDelhi@Journal of Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 3, 240-259 (2007)@No$CPCB@Management of Municipal Solid Waste@Central PollutionBoard: Delhi, (http://www.cpcb.com) (2000)@No$Chian E.S.K.@Stability of organic matter in landfill leachates@Water Res. 11, 225�232 (1977)@No$Abdul-Wahab S.A.@Modeling Methane and Vinyl chloride in Soilsurrounding landfill@International Journal of EnvironmentalPollution, 21, 339-349 (2004)@No$APHA@Standard Methods for examination of water and wastewater, American Public Health Association AWWA WCPF@Washington, 17th Edition (1998)@No$Baig S., Coulomb I., Courant P., Liechti P.@Treatment of landfillleachate: Lapeyrouse and Satrod case studies@Ozone Sci. Eng, 21,1�22 (1999)@No$Baver L.D., and Gardner W.R.@Soil Physics@John Willey andInc., New York (1972)@No$Baun D.L. and Christensen T.H.@Speciation of heavy metals inlandfill leachate: a review@Waste Manage Res., 22, 3�23 (2004)@No$Coim D.S.@An Digestion of organic fraction of Municipal solidwaste@Indian Journal of Environmental Health, 3, 193-196(1997)@No$Cotton A. and Ali M.@Informal Sector waste recycling@19thWater, Sanitation (1993)@No$EPTRI@Status of solid waste disposal in Metropolis Hyderabad@Environmental Protection Institute, Hyderabad (1995)@No$El-Fadel M., Findikakis A.N. and Leckie J.O.@EnvironmentalImpact of Solid Waste Land Filling@Journal of EnvironmentalManagement, 50, 1-25 (1971)@No$India States of the Environment@Hazardous waste: Specialreference to Municipal Solid Waste Management@133-149 (2001)(http://cpcb.delhi.nic.in)@No$Gosh P.C.@Use of paper mill wastes water as a soil amendment ofacid soils@Sci. and Cult., 32, 312-316 (1966)@No$Stegmann R. and Heyer K.U.@Leachate management: leachategeneration@collection, treatment and costs (2006)@No
<#LINE#>Heavy Metal Analysis of Water of Kaliasote Dam of Bhopal, MP, India<#LINE#>Choudhary @Ranjeeta <#LINE#>352-353<#LINE#>60.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-69.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Sant Hirdaram Girls College, Bhopal-462023, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>18/11/2011<#LINE#>9/1/2012<#LINE#>Present paper deals with the systematic sampling and quantitative analysis of seven heavy metals viz: Cu, Fe, Hg, Zn, As, Cdand Pb in the surface water of Kaliasote water reservoir of Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh). This study was carried out in the monthof May 2011. The sampling station is situated near Shiv Mandir which is most polluted site of dam. The results obtained werecompared with safe limits in ppm for heavy metals laid down by BIS, WHO, ICMR. It was found that the concentration of theheavy metals like Cu, Hg, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were below detectable limits.<#LINE#>Dayal G. and Singh R.P.@Heavy metal content ofmunicipal solid waste in Agra@India, Pollut. Res.,13(1), 83-87 (1994)@No$Jain S. and Salman S.@Heavy metal concentration inhighly eutrophic lake sediments and overlying water@Pollut. Res., 14(4), 471-476 (1995)@No$Pophali S., Siddiqui S. and Khan L.H.@Sources anddistribution of heavy metals in the abiotic componentsof a polluted urban stream@(1990)@No$Agemian H. and Chau A.S.Y.@An atomic absorptionmethod for determination of 20 elements in the lakesediments after acid digestion@Anal. Chem. Acta., 80,61-66 (1975)@No$APHA, AWWA, WEF@Standard methods for theexamination of water and waste water (20th edn.)Washington@DC: American Public HealthAssociation (1998)@No$@ICMR: Manual of standards of quality for drinkingwater supplies@Special report series No. 44, 2ndedition. (1975)@No$World Health Organization@Guidelines for drinkingwater quality-I@Recommendations, 2nd Edi. GenevaWHO, (1993)@No$B.I.S.@Bureau of Indian Standards Drinking waterspecification@Ist revision, ISS 10500 (1991)@No$Hutton M.@Human health concerns of lead, mercuryand arsenic@In: Lead, Mercury, Cadmium and Arsenicin the Environment, Hutchinson T.C. and MeemaK.M. (eds.), Wiley, SCOPE, 85�94 (1987)@No$Nriagu J.O.@A silent epidemic of environmental metalpoisoning@Environ. Pollut., 50, 139�161 (1988)@No$Berma E.@Toxic metals and their analysis@Herden,85, (1980)@No$Moore J.W. and Ramamoorthy S.@Heavy Metals inNatural Waters: Applied Monitoring and ImpactAssessment@Springer-Verlag; New York, 28, 246(1984)@No$@Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water@IS-10500- (1983)@No
<#LINE#>Study on Self-Medication and Self Diet-Management by Women of Indore City, India<#LINE#>Sharma @Sushama,Thakur @Nandita <#LINE#>354-356<#LINE#>61.ISCA-ISC-2011-10HS-16.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Home Science, Govt. Girl�s PG College, Moti Tabela, Indore, MP, INDIA@Department of Home Science, Govt. Girl�s PG College, Moti Tabela, Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>11/10/2011<#LINE#>27/2/2012<#LINE#>Over the past two of three decades a large number of self-management interventions have been developed for a range ofdifferent illness. Three conditions which have placed particular emphasis on self medication and dietary management areoverweight, GI disorders and diabetes. People don�t know the disadvantages of self-medication and diet management. Theydon�t take advice of doctor or dietician for their health problems. This research is has aimed to know the self medication anddiet management practices of women. A statistically adequate sample of fifty women aged 30-50 years belonging to middleincome group were selected from MIG area of Indore City. A questionnaire was formed and filled from them asking questionsabout their health seeking behavior. The subjects were divided into two groups, as per their age as 30-40 years and 40-50 yearsand compared for experimental characteristic using % and Chi test. Obtain in Results show that in both age groups moresubjects are housewife (58% and 66%), have some health problem (62% and 76%) and higher age group has health problemsand have different types of health problems. The highest nutritional problem are overweight, under weight and anemia in that inyounger age group (52%) while older group has mostly metabolic problem (40%) and the difference is significant. Similarlymore of the subject don�t take medical advice from specialist (96% and 76%) and more of them don�t go for the follow upcheckups which is a significant difference. In younger group (80%) and in older group (56%) do not take doctor�s advice whichis significant difference. Similarly both groups of women don�t take dietary advice from dietician (82% and 78%). So, theseresults show that self medication is s common practice which may cause health problems. Among the middle income grouppopulation.<#LINE#>Babar T.S. and Juanita H.@Health seeking behaviourand health service utilization in Pakistan: challengingthe policy makers@J. Public Health, 27 (1), 49�54(2004)@No$Borg M.A. and Scicluna E.A.@Over-the-counteracquisition of antimicrobial drugs in the Maltesegeneral population@Inter. J. Antimicrob. Agents, (20)253-257 (2003)@No$Ahmed S.M., Adams A.M., Chowdhury M. and BhuiyaA.@Changing health seeking behavior in Matlab: dodevelopment interventions matter@Health Policy Plan,(18) 306�315, (2003)@No$Chang F.R. and Trivedi P.K.@Economics of selfmedication:theory and evidence@Health Econ., 12,721-739 (2003)@No$Figueiras A., Caamano F. and Gestal-otero J.J., SociodemographicAchalu, E.D.@The self-medicationhypothesis: a review of the two major theories and theresearch evidence@SMH, Recent Developments on theSelf-Medication Hypothesis, 1(10) (2002)@No$Alao A. O., Westmoreland N., and Jindal S.@Drugaddiction in sickle cell disease: Case report@International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 33(1),2003, 97-101 (2003)@No$@Economic survey of Pakistan. Ministry of Finance@Government of Pakistan (2006-2007) (2007)@No$@Behaviour among street children in Rawalpindi andIslamabad, Pakistan - A qualitative study Child CareHealth Development@31B (5), 525-532 (2005)@No$Aguilar M. C., Gurpegui, M., Diaz, F. J. and De Leon,J.@Nicotine dependence and symptoms inschizophrenia: Naturalistic study of complexinteractions@British Journal of Psychiatry, 186(3)2005, 215-221 (2005)@No$Aharonovich E., Nguyen H. T. and Nunes E. V.@Angerand depressive states among treatment-seeking drugabusers: Testing the psychopharmacological specificityhypothesis@The American Journal on Addictions, 10(4)2001, 327-334 (2001)@No
<#LINE#>Preparation and Studies of Nitrile Rubber Nanocomposites with Silane Modified Silica Nanoparticles<#LINE#>Das @Chayan,Kapgate @Bharat P. <#LINE#>357-360<#LINE#>62.ISCA-ISC-2011-11MatS-05.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, INDIA@Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, INDIA<#LINE#>31/10/2011<#LINE#>9/1/2012<#LINE#>Rubber silica nanocomposites are prepared by mixing nitrile rubber (NBR) with surface modified silica nano particles. Silica nanoparticles are synthesized by sol-gel method that involves hydrolysis followed by condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS).Surface modification of silica particles is done with the treatment of silane coupling agent viz. 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.Presence of silane coupling agent in silica is revealed by IR studies. Thermogravimetric analysis is done to find out silica contentin the composites and to study the thermal properties. Stress strain studies are found to be useful to assess the improvement of themechanical properties of the composites.<#LINE#>Rao K.S., El-Hami K., T Kodaki T., Matsushige K. andMakino K.@A novel method for synthesis of silicananoparticles@Journal of Colloid and Interface Science289, 125�131 (2005)@No$Ibrahim I.A.M., Zikry A.A.F., Sharaf M.A.@Preparationof spherical silica nanoparticles: Stober silica@Journalof American Science, 6(11) (2010)@No$Zhou S., Wu L., Shen W., Gu G.@Study on themorphology and tribological properties of acrylic basedpolyurethane/fumed silica composite coatings@J MaterSci, 39,1593 (2004)@No$Chen Y., Zhou S., Chen G., Wu L.@Preparation andcharacterization of polyester/silica nanocompositeresins, Progress in Organic Coatings@54, 120�126(2005)@No$Stober W. and Fink A.@Controlled Growth ofMonodisperse Silica Spheres in the Micron Size Range@Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,26, 62-69(1968)@No$Brinker C.J. and Scherer G.W.@Sol�gel science, thephysics and chemistry of sol�gel processing@AcademicPress, New York (1990)@No$Ansarifara A., Azharb A., Ibrahima N., Shiaha S.F.,Lawtonc J.M.D.@The use of a silanized silica filler toreinforce and crosslink natural rubber@InternationalJournal of Adhesion and Adhesives 25, 77�86 (2005)@No$Bassett D.R., Boucher E.A., Zettlemoyer A.C.@Adsorption Studies on Hydrated and DehydratedSilicas@Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 27,649-958 (1968)@No$Zau H., Wu S., Shen J.@Polymer/Silica nanocomposites:Preparation@Characterization, Properties andApplications, Chem. Rev., 108, 3893-3957 (2008)@No$Hui R., Yixin Q.U. and Suhe Z.@Reinforcement ofStyrene-Butadiene Rubber with Silica Modified bySilane Coupling Agents@Experimental and TheoreticalChemistry Study, Chinese J. Chem. Eng., 14(1) 93�98(2006)@No$Agostino A., Errico M.E., Malinconico M., Rosa M. D.,Avella M. and Schiraldi C.@Development ofnanocomposite based on hydroxyethylmethacrylate andfunctionalized fumed silica: mechanical@chemico�physical and biological characterization, J Mater Sci:Mater Med 22, 481�490 (2011)@No$Lopattananon N., Jitkalong D. and Seadan M.@Hybridized Reinforcement of Natural Rubber withSilane-Modified Short Cellulose Fibers and Silica@Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 120, 3242�3254(2011)@No$Rahman I.A., Jafarzadeh M., Sipaut C.S.@Physical andOptical properties of organo-modified silicananoparticles prepared by sol-gel@J Sol-Gel SciTechnol, 59, 63-72 (2011)@No$Chaichua B., Prasassarakich P. and Poompradub S.@Insitu silica reinforcement of natural rubber by sol�gelprocess via rubber solution J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 52@219�227 (2009)@No$Mahaling R.N., Jana G.K. and Das C.K.@CarboxylatedNitrile Elastomer/Filler Nanocomposites: Effect ofSilica Nanofiller in Thermal@Dynamic MechanicalBehaviour and Interfacial Adhesion, MacromolecularResearch 13, 306-313 (2005)@No$Nasir M., Poh B.T., Ng P.S.@Effect of ?-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane coupling agent on t90, tensilestrength and tear strength of silica-filled NR, NBR andSBR vulcanizates@Eur. Polym. J, 24, 961-965 (1988)@No
<#LINE#>Evaluation of one Rapid Method for Diagnosis of Malaria The Optional and Better Replacement of Microscopy<#LINE#>Panchal @Hetal K,Desai @Pratibha B. <#LINE#>361-364<#LINE#>63.ISCA-ISC-2011-13MediS-07.pdf<#LINE#>Dolat Usha Institute of Applied Sciences, Valsad; Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, INDIA@Shree Ram Krishna Institute of Comp. Edu. and Applied Sciences; Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>27/9/2011<#LINE#>16/1/2012<#LINE#>Microscopy has been the most trustable technique for the diagnosis of malaria in India. Reduction of morbidity and mortality rateof malaria highly influenced by earlier and proper diagnosis. This study was carried out at Valsad, Gujarat. It involved use ofmicroscopy i.e. field�s stain and detection of Plasmodium falciparum - HRP II antigen, Plasmodium vivax - pLDH antigen detectionby one rapid diagnostic Test (RDT) SD Bioline. Present study was carried out from 966 EDTA anticoagulated samples collectedfrom clinical laboratories and hospitals of Valsad. Microscopic examinations of stained thick and thin films, shows 8.39%, 13.97%,0.21% were detected as Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax and mix respectively. Whereas with Rapid Diagnostic test using HRP II,p-LDH antigens 9.05% and 13.87% were detected as P. falciparum, P. vivax respectively. The study shows reasonable harmonybetween microscopy and RDT. Among two methods RDT was found to have high sensitivity (97.70%) and specificity (98.93%)compared to microscopy. Though the microscopic method is cost effective but laborious and needs an expertise. The RDT resultswere highly accurate and can be used where microscopy is inaccurate or in case of unavailability of expert.<#LINE#>@@http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=170884@No$Lim H.S., and Kim H. S.@Evaluation of diagnosticmethods of re-emerging malaria in Korean patients@Yonsei Medical Journal, 42(1), 84-90, (2001)@No$Parajuli K., Hanchana S., Imwong M., Pukrittayakayamee S., and Ghimire P.@Comparative evaluation ofmicroscopy and polymerase chain reaction for thediagnosis in suspected malaria patients of Nepal@NepalMed Coll J, 11(1), 23-27, (2009)@No$Srivastava H.C., and Yadav R.S.@Malaria outbreaks intribal area of Gujarat state@India, (2000)@No$WHO/CDS/RBM@New perspectives malaria diagnosis,Report of a joint WHO/USAID informal consultation@WHO, Geneva, (2000)@No$Rougemont M., Saanen M.V., and sahli R. et al.@Detection of four Plasmodium species in blood fromhumans by 18S rRNA gene subunit-based and speciesspecificreal-time PCR assays@J Clin Microbiol, 42,5636-43, (2004)@No$Makler M.T., palmer C.J., and Ager A.L.@A review ofpractical techniques for the diagnosis of malaria@AnnTrop Med Parasitol, 92, 419-33, (1998)@No$Basco L.K., Marquet F., Makler M.M., and Bras J.L.@Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, LactateDehydrogenaste Activity and its Application for in vitrodrug Susceptibility Assay, Experimental Parasitology@80, 260-271, (1995)@No$Histidine-Rich Protein II@a Novel Approach to MalariaDrug Sensitivity Testing ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTSAND CHEMOTHERAPY�@46(6), 1658-1664, (2002)@No$Peyron F., Martet G., and Vigier J.P.@Dipstick antigencapture assay for malaria detection@Lancet, 343(8911),1502-1503, (1994)@No$Singh N., Valecha M., and Sharma V. P.@Malariadiagnosis by field workers using an immunechromatographic test@Transactions of the Royal Societyof Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 91(4), 396-397,(1997)@No$World Health Organization@Manual of basic techniquesfor a health laboratory@2nd edition, (2005)@No$World Health Organization@Management ofuncomplicated malaria and the use of antimalarial drugsfor the protection of travellers@Information consultationreport, Geneva, WHO/MAL, 1075-98, (1995)@No$Warhurst D.C., and Williams J.E.@Laboratory diagnosisof malaria@ACP broadsheet no. 148, J. Clin. Pathol, 49,533-538, (1996)@No$Humar A., Ohrt C., Harringhton M.A., Pillai D., andKain C.A.@ParaSight-F test compared with thepolymerase chain reaction and microscopy for thediagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria intravelers@Am J Trop Med Hyg, 56, 44-48, (1997)@No$Uguen C., Rabodonirina M., De Pina J.J., Vigier v,Martet G., Maret M., and Peyron F.@ParaSight - F rapidmanual diagnostic test of Plasmodium falciparuminfection@Bull WHO, 73, 643-649, (1995)@No$Laferi H., Kandel K., and pichler H.@False positivedipstick test for malaria@N Engl J Med, 337, 1635-1636, (1997)@No$Baetoloni A., Strihmeyer M., Sabatinelli G., benucciM., Serni U. and Paradisi F.@False positive ParaSight-Ftest for malaria in patients with rheumatoid factor@Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 92, 33-34, (1998)@No$Mishra B., Samantaray J.C., Kumar A., and Mirdha B.R.@Study of false positivity of two rapid antigendetection tests for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparummalaria@J Clin Microbiol, 37, 1233, (1999)@No$Ndao M., Bandyayera E., and Kokoskin E. et al.@Comparison of blood smear, antigen detection, andnested-PCR methods for screening refugees fromregions where malaria is endemic after a malariaoutbreak in Quebec@Canada. J Clin Microbiol, 42,2694-700, (2004)@No
<#LINE#>Hartmann&#65533;s equation of state for Materials at Extreme Compression<#LINE#>A.@Vijay  <#LINE#>365-367<#LINE#>64.ISCA-ISC-2011-15-PhyS-21.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Applied Sciences, GLNA Institute of Technology, Mathura (U.P.)-281406, INDIA<#LINE#>27/9/2011<#LINE#>16/1/2012<#LINE#>Hartmann�s equations of state formulated for liquids, polymers and nanomaterials have been demonstrated in the present study tosatisfy the thermodynamic constraints at extreme compressions. This reveals the applicability of Hartmann�s equation for materials atvery high pressures. We have also derived expressions for the pressure derivatives of bulk modulus up to third order. The expressionsthus derived have been verified with the help of identities which are valid at extreme compressions. An application of the Hartmannequation has been presented here to predict the pressure-volume-temperature relationships for NaCl crystal and CaSiO3 perovskitemineral. The results obtained in the present study are found to compare well with the experimental data.<#LINE#>Anderson O.L.@Equations of state of solids Geophysicsand Ceramic Sciences@New York Oxford UniversityPress, (1995)@No$Stacey F.D. and Davis P.M.@Phys. Earth Planet. Inter@142, 137 (2004)@No$Stacey F.D.@@Rep. Prog. Phys., 68, 341 (2005)@No$Shanker J. and Singh B.P.@@Physica B 370, 78 (2005)@No$Shanker J., Singh B.P. and Jitendra K.@CondensedMatter Physics@11, 681 (2008)@No$Shanker J., Singh B. P. and Jitendra K.@CondensedMatter Physics@12, 205 (2009)@No$Stacey F.D.@@Rep. Prog. Phys. 73, 046801 (2010)@No$Hartmann B. and Haque M. A.@@J. Appl. Phys. 58, 2831(1985)@No$Hartmann B. and Haque M. A.@@J. Appl. Polymer Sci.30, 1553 (1985)@No$Brostow W., Casta�o V.M., Martinez-Barrera G. andPietkiewicz D.@@Physica B 344, 206 (2004)@No$Stacey F.D.@@Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 89, 219 (1995)@No$Stacey F.D.@@Geophys. J. Int.143, 621 (2000)@No$Shanker J., Dulari P. and Singh P.K.@@Physica B 404,4083 (2009)@No$Brostow W.@@Mater. Res. Innovat. 3, 347 (2000)@No$Brostow W., Casta�o V.M., Martinez-Barrera G. andSaiter J.M.@@Physica B 334, 436 (2003)@No$Wang Y., Weidner D.J. and Guyot F.@@. Geophys. Res.101, 661 (1996)@No$Boehler R. and Kennedy G.C.@@J.Phys. Chem. Solids 41,517 (1980)@No
<#LINE#>Igniting Students&#65533; Potential through Viable Instructional Strategies-A Roadmap for Excellence in Education<#LINE#>Varghese @George Mary,Pandya @R. Shefali <#LINE#>368-370<#LINE#>65.ISCA-ISC-2011-17EduS-04.pdf<#LINE#>Pillai�s College of Education and Research, Chembur, INDIA@Department of Education, University of Mumbai, INDIA<#LINE#>24/11/2011<#LINE#>9/1/2012<#LINE#>The emerging educational horizons in the 21st century world have opened up new vistas of education especially in our country. Theglobal era that we are passing now has undoubtedly its own imperatives on all aspects of education. The schools and colleges aredemanding environments because so many different personalities gather together in a confined area where they are expected tointeract according to established rules of accepted emotional and social behavior. The purpose of teaching is to increase thecapacity to develop new configurations of knowledge grounds to the teacher as well as the students. Each learner has a differentprocess and may not proceed linearly through the teaching learning process, instead makes loops or zigzag. Only an effectiveteaching methodology can create such loops in the cognitive domain of students. The teaching methodology should be strongenough to craft numerous neural connections which can ensure learning assimilations. It is far more important that studentsexplain their thinking to teachers than teachers explain their thinking. In this research the investigator has used Brain-basedLearning as innovative teaching methodology. The Brain-based learning is an interdisciplinary answer to the question of, �What isthe most effective way of the brain�s learning mechanism?� Brain-based learning is an effective teaching technique that representsabstract or complex content matter in to simple and meaningful scaffolds and it has the potential to delay the learning platue sinceit provides great scope for interaction among and between students and teachers. The present research focuses on the �Effect ofBrain-Based Learning on Academic Achievement in Biology, Stress and Study Habits of VIII Standard Students�. The study carriedout with the following objectives; i) to develop instructional material based on the principles of brain-based learning�. ii) Tocompare experimental and control groups on pre-test scores of a) Academic Achievement b) Stress c) Study Habits.iii) To compareexperimental and control groups on post-test scores of a) Academic Achievement b) Stress c) Study Habits. The present study hasformulated the following null hypotheses: 1). There is no significant difference between experimental and control groups on pretestscores of a) Academic Achievement b) Stress c) Study Habits of students .2) There is no significant difference between theexperimental and control groups on post-test scores of a) Academic Achievement b) Stress c) Study Habits of students. The studyreveals that brain-based learning is a constructive, domain specific strategy to holistic education. It has the potential to stimulatethe optimal learning among students in very relaxed and enriched learning environment. The article discusses on the major effectsof Brain-based Learning on the academic achievement, stress and study habits of students and the implications of these researchoutcomes to the benefits of students and teachers as major stakeholders.<#LINE#>Jensen E.@Teaching With the Brain in Mind.Alexandria@Virginia: Association for Supervision andCurriculum Development (1998)@No$Jensen E.@Learning with the Body in Mind. San Diego@California: The Brain Store (2000)@No$Ozden M. and Gultekin M.@Anadolu University TheEffects of Brain-Based Learning on AcademicAchievement and Retention of Knowledge in ScienceCourse Electronic Journal of Science Education@12(1)(2008)@No$Kaufeldt M.@Orchestrating the Learner-CenteredClassroom, Begin with the Brain Chicago@Illinois:Zephyr Press (1999)@No$Pool C.R.@Brain-Based Learning and Students@TheEducation Digest, 63(3), 10-16 (1997)@No$Kovalik S. and Olsen K.D.@How Emotions Run Us,Our Students, and Our Classrooms. NationalAssociation of Secondary School Principals@NASSPBulletin, 82 (598), 29-37 (1998)@No$Rose S.@The Making of Memory@Bantam Books,London, (1992)@No$Sperry R.W.@Brain bisection and consciousness, inHow the Self Controls Its Brain@ed C. Eccles. SpringerVerlag,New York (1966)@No$Sala@Sergio Della, Mind myths: Exploring popularassumptions about the mind and brain@(1999)@No$Carter R.@Mapping the Mind, Phoenix@London, (2004),Originally Weidenfeld and Nicolson (1998)@No$Lyons C.A.@Teaching Struggling Readers: How to UseBrain-Based Research to Maximize Learning@NewHampshire: Heinemann (2003)@No
<#LINE#>Breaking of poverty through sericulture among the tribe-A Socio-Economic study of Dharamjaigarh block of Raigarh Dist, CG, India<#LINE#>Dewangan @S.K.,Sahu @K.R.,Soni @S.K. <#LINE#>371-374<#LINE#>66.ISCA-ISC-2011-20SocS-17.pdf<#LINE#>Joint Collector, Jagdalpur, District Bastar (C.G.) � 494 001, INDIA@Department of Zoology, E. Raghvendra Rao, Govt. P.G. Science College, Bilaspur � INDIA@Department of Rural Technology and Social Development, G.G.U.Bilaspur,C.G., INDIA<#LINE#>2/11/2011<#LINE#>20/1/2012<#LINE#>The present strategy of rural development in India mainly focuses on poverty alleviation, better livelihood opportunities, provisionof basic amenities and infrastructure facilities through innovative programmes of wage and self-employment. Poverty is biggestchallenge in India. Poverty is a social phenomenon in which a section of society is unable to fulfill even its basic necessities.Solution of rural poverty and unemployment can come from land and water based jobs, which even today employ six times. Thefarmers are encouraged to take up non-agriculture practices. In this context sericulture is a better option because it is laborintensive industry. It provides direct or indirect employment to about 7 million people in India. Sericulture requires low investmentand offers high profit. It also provides regular income to farmers throughout the year unlike most other agricultural crops.Sericulture plays a vital role in the flow of income from the urban rich sections of the society to the rural poor. There are more than58 countries practicing sericulture in the world. India is the only Country in the world to produce all the four known varieties ofsilk including Mulberry, Eri, Tasar and Muga. In Chhattisgarh Tropical Tasar and mulberry are reared on commercial scale.Tasar is realy named as Kosa. Sericulture is being practiced by the tribal of traditional Districts of Baster, Raigarh, Bilaspur andSurguja. The study area has about 364 acres under mulberry cultivation. Total area covered under tasar centers is about 3153.25acres. Tasar rearing in forest are covered 4729.88 acres. The total beneficiaries are 5739 out of them 3347 are tribal in thedistrict. In the block only 18 (18%) beneficiaries out of 100 adopted the sericulture as main occupation and rest 82 (82%) assecondary occupation. Out of 100 respondents in block 32% received employment for duration of 100-150 days and 64% for aperiod of 151-200 days and 3% of 201-300 days and the 1% for more than 300 days. The total monthly income obtained from allsources to the families involved in sericulture occupation is average 3840/-. The total monthly expenditure is about 2380/-. Therespondent tribe of study area collects forest minor products and thus they earn income about 5950/- once in year which is asatisfactory amount for poor families. Before having sericulture occupation, the economic condition of 72% of the respondent wasnormal, 8% was bed and 20% was very miserable. The average annual income from the old occupation was Rs. 19350/. Thechange in annual income is reported app. Double which is good in amount.<#LINE#>@Sericulture activities provide a perfect choice for thewomen Srivastav@P. K. et. al. Sericulture and SeriBiodiversity(2005)@No$Baskar H.@Indian Sericulture: Exciting Path AheadInternationalSericultural Commission@India, (2005)@No$Dewangan S.K.@Sericulture - A Tool of Eco-SystemChecking Through Tribal@Journal of EnvironmentalResearch and Development, vol.6 no.1, (2010)@No$@Directorate of Economics and Statistics District WiseSocio Economic Development@Index 2001 ofChhattisgarh State (2001)@No$Saratchandra B.@Strides in Indian Sericultural Scienceand Technology- ISCC-@(2005)@No$@Gupta Rakesh et al Tasar culture showed them the way@Indian silk, Feb (2008)@No$@District Statistics Book@Raigarh, (2005)@No$@Directorate of Gramodyog -Sericulture in Chhattisgarh-@(2004)@No
<#LINE#>Study and Evaluation of user&#65533;s behavior in e-commerce Using Data Mining<#LINE#>Belsare @Satish,Patil @Sunil <#LINE#>375-387<#LINE#>67.ISCA-ISC-2011-5CITS-10.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Computer Science, SCMIPS, Indore, MP, INDIA@Department of Computer Science, SCMIPS, Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>15/10/2011<#LINE#>17/1/2012<#LINE#>Data mining has matured as a field of basic and applied research in computer science. The objective of this dissertation is toevaluate, propose and improve the use of some of the recent approaches, architectures and Web mining techniques (collectingpersonal information from customers) are the means of utilizing data mining methods to induce and extract useful informationfrom Web information and service where data mining has been applied in the fields of e-commerce and e-business (that meansUser�s behavior). In the context of web mining, clustering could be used to cluster similar click-streams to determine learningbehaviors in the case of e-learning or general site access behaviors in e-commerce. Most of the algorithms presented in theliterature to deal with clustering web sessions treat sessions as sets of visited pages within a time period and do not consider thesequence of the click-stream visitation. This has a significant consequence when comparing similarities between web sessions.Wang and Zaiane propose an algorithm based on sequence alignment to measure similarities between web sessions wheresessions are chronologically ordered sequences of page accesses.<#LINE#>Shian-Hua Lin, Chi-Sheng Shih, Meng Chang Chen andet al.@Extracting Classification Knowledge of InternetDocuments with Mining Term Associations: ASemantic Approach@In Proceedings of 21st AnnualInternational ACM SIGIR Conference on Research andDevelopment in Information Retrieval, Melbourne,Australia (1998)@No$Cooley R., Mobasher B. and Srivsatava J.@WebMining: Information and Pattern Discovery on theWord Wide Web@Technical Report TR 97-027,University of Minnesota, Dept. of Computer Science,Minneapolis, (1997)@No$Bray T.@Measuring the Web@In Proceedings of the 5thIntl. WWW Conference, Paris, France (1996)@No$Chen M.S., Han J. and Yu P.S.@Data Mining: AnOverview from a Database Perspective@IEEETransaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 8,866-833 (1996)@No$Perkowitz M. and Etzioni O.@Adaptive Web Sites:Conceptual Cluster Mining@In Proceeding of 16thInternational Joint Conference on Articial Intelligence,264-269, Stockholm, Sweden: Morgan Kaufmann,(1999)@No$Mobasher B. and et al.@Discovery and Evaluation ofAggregate Usage Profiles for Web Personalization@Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2002)@No$Mobasher B.@Web Usage Mining and Personalization,in Practical Handbook of Internet Computing@CRCPress, 15, 1-37 (2004)@No$Ellen@Spertus and ParaSite, Mining StructuralInformation on the Web@In proceedings of 6thInternational WWW Conference, April, (1997)@No$Wee-Keong Ng, Ee-Peng Lim, Chee-Thong Huang,Sourav Bhowmick, Fengqiong Qin@Web Warehousing:An Algebra for Web Information@In Proceedings of theIEEE Advances in Digital Libraries Conference, SantaBarbara, U.S.A., April, (1998)@No$Wang K. and Liu H.@Schema Discovery forSemistructured Data@In Proceedings of InternationalConference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining,Newport Beach, AAAI, Aug. (1997)@No$Nestorov S., Abiteboul S. and Motwani R.@InferringStructure in Semi structured Data@In Proceedings ofInternational Workshop on Management ofSemistructured Data, (1997)@No$Zhou Y., Jin X. and Mobasher B.@A RecommendationModel Based on Latent Principal Factors in WebNavigation Data@In Proceedings of the 3rdInternational Workshop on Web Dynamics, ACM Press,(2004)@No$Bhowmick Sourav S., Madria S.K., Ng W.K. and LimE.P.@Web Bags, Are They Useful in Web warehouse?In proceedings for 5th International Conference onFoundation of Data Organization@Japan, Nov. (1998)@No$O�Malley M.J. and et al.@Fuzzy Clustering of Childrenwith Cerebral Palsy Based on Temporal-Distance GaitParameters@IEEE Trans, ON Rehab. Eng., 5(4), 300-309 (1997)@No$Han J. and Kamber M.@Data Mining: Concepts andTechniques@(2007)@No$Bhowmick Sourav S., Ng W.K. and Lim E.P.@Information Coupling in Web Databases@InProceedings of the 17th International Conference onConceptual Modelling (ER�98), Singapore, November16-19, (1998)@No$World Wide Web Consortium@Document Object Model(DOM) Level 1 Specification@http://www.w3.org/TR/,(1998)@No$Wang K. and Liu H.@Discovering Typical Structures ofDocuments: A Road Map Approach@ACM SIGR,August, (1998)@No$Florescu D., Levy A. and Mendelzon A.@DatabaseTechniques for the World Wide Web@A Survey,SIGMOD Record (1998)@No$Inman V.T., Ralston H.J. and Todd F.@HumanWalking@Baltimore (1981)@No$H. Vernon Leighton and Srivastava J.@Precision amongWWW Search Services (Search Engines): Alta Vista@Excite, Hotbot, Infoseek, Lycos (1997)@No$Han J. and Fu Y.@Discovery of Multi-level AssociationRules. In Proceedings of International Conference onVery Large Databases@pages 420-431, Zurich,Switzerland, Sept, (1995)@No$Backman D. and Rubbin J.@Web log analysis: Finding aRecipe for Success@(1997)@No$Pitkow J.@In Search of Reliable Usage Data on theWWW, In Proceedings of the 6th International WorldWide Web Conference@Santa Clara, California, April,(1997)@No$Baeza-Yates R. and Ribeiro-Neto B.@ModernInformation Retrieval@Addison Wesley, ACM Press(1999)@No$O�Conner M. and Herlocker J.@Clustering Items forCollaborative Filtering. In Proceedings of the ACMSIGIR Workshop on Recommender Systems@Berkeley,CA, USA: ACM Press (1999)@No$Madria Anjay, Bhowmick Sourav S., Ng W.K. and LimE.P.@Center for Advanced Information Systems, Schoolof Applied Science@Nanyang Technological University,Singapore 639798 {askumar, p517026, awkng,aseplim}@No$ntu.edu.sg@undefined@undefined@No$Petrovskiy Ikhail@Faculty of ComputationalMathematics and Cybernetics@Moscow StateUniversity Vorobjevy Gory, Moscow, Russiamichael@No$cs.msu.su@undefined@undefined@No$By Juan D. Vel�squez@PhD University of Tokyo,Assistant Professor@Department of IndustrialEngineering University of Chile jvelasqu@No$dii.uchile.clhttp://wi.dii.uchile.cl/@undefined@undefined@No$@Heikki Mannila Nokia Research Center@P.O. Box 407(Itamerenkatu 11) FIN-00045 Nokia Group, FinlandHeikki.Mannila@No$nokia.com@undefined@undefined@No
<#LINE#>Carbon Credits &#65533; A Step to Sustainable Future of the World<#LINE#> Reddy@Ravuru Narasimha,Y. V. N. @S. Suvikram <#LINE#>388-397<#LINE#>68.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-10.pdf<#LINE#>Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, INDIA@Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), a flexibility mechanism of Kyoto Protocol, discusses trading and transferring ofemission allowances between developing and developed nations. The shift to renewable energy options and low carbontechnologies, in response to the concerns over energy security and climate change, is proceeding more slowly than manywould like. CDM, a project-based system, aims to accomplish the overarching goals of the Protocol. It aims to encouragesustainable development in developing nations and intends to reduce the cost of compliance with the Protocol for developednations. CDM Projects are designed for reducing greenhouse gases and increasing green cover on earth. It involves projectslike energy efficiency, transport, methane recovery, industrial process changes, cogeneration, agricultural sector etc. CDMalso known as �Carbon Trading� or �Carbon Credits� is the way of reducing carbon emissions and gain �CertifiedEmission Reductions� (CERs) for a developing country in return to the technology, funds etc. provided by a developedcountry. In this process World Bank (WB) acts as a referee and provides carbon credits to developed countries. Recentlyheld Carbon Bazaar�10 in New Delhi, India witnessed the presence of huge number of big industrialists and variousgovernment firms across the globe. This shows the concern of the world towards carbon credits. A �Zero Carbon Footprint�initiative carried out successfully at our college has been included in the paper. It includes the calculations of emissions bythe raw materials used in the manufacture of the paper we use, computer we work on, the packaging of our groceries or thedisposables such as cups, cartons and plastic bags from its production till its disposal, be it in their manufacturing processwhich consumes fossil fuel generated electricity or the transportation process which causes more emissions by way of vehicleexhaust. An equivalent number of plants were planted in the university premises which amounted to the net carbon emittedduring the entire event. Some of the registered projects in India, included in this paper, show the initiation of our nationtowards carbon credits. The emergence of a global carbon credit economy is likely to precede a global regulatory systemgoverning climate change and will doubtlessly help to stimulate the emergence of such a global system.<#LINE#>@@http://cdmindia.nic.in/cdm_india.htm@No$@@The Kyoto Protocol,http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php@No$@@http://carbonfinance.org/Router.cfm?Page=FAQ&ItemID=24677@No$@@http://blogs.expressindia.com/showblogdetails.php?contentid=226814@No$@@http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/News-ByIndustry/India-set-to-rake-in-100-billion-throughcarbon-trading/articleshow/4465669.cms@No$@@http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-byindustry/et-cetera/India-a-leading-player-in-carbonbazaar-Germany/articleshow/5914516.cms@No$@@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_Development_Mechanism@No$@@http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/21211/Wara_CDM.pdf@No$@@http://indscanblog.com/@No$@@http://indscanblog.com/2010/05/03/carbon-bazaar-2010-an-event-for-carbon-trading/@No$@@http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/mechanisms/clean_development_mechanism/items/2718.php@No$@@http://www.articlesbase.com/environment-articles/thepower-of-carbon-trading-in-india-893696.html@No$@@http://www.assocham.org/events/recent/showevent.php?id=261@No$@@http://www.cd4cdm.org/@No$@@http://www.cd4cdm.org/Publications/UNEP_CDM%20Baseline%20Meth%20Guidebook.pdf@No$@@http://www.cd4cdm.org/photocredits.htm@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/CDM_Booklet_LR.pdf@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/case_studies.html@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/how_projects_developed/plan_vivo_popup.html@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/manual.html@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/what_is_CDM/index.html@No$@@http://www.cdmcapacity.org/what_is_CDM/rules_remain_decided_popup.html@No$@@http://www.cdmindia.com/@No$@@http://www.cdmindia.com/about-cdm.aspx@No$@@http://www.cogeneration.net/clean_development_mechanism.htm@No$@@http://www.energymanagertraining.com/CDM/HTNewDelhi7May2010BuP6.jpg@No$@@http://www.energymanagertraining.com/CDM/HT02May2010_P10s.jpg@No$@@http://www.energymanagertraining.com/CDM/cdm_main.htm@No$@@http://www.energymanagertraining.com/CDM/cdm_main.htm@No$@@http://www.energymanagertraining.com/CDM/newsletter/2010/IssueNo83May2010.htm@No$@@http://www.gtz.de/en/weltweit/asien-pazifik/31162.htm@No$@@http://www.ieta.org/ieta/www/pages/index.php?IdSitePage=959@No$@@http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/climate-change/emissions-trading/cleandevelopment-mechanism-cdm@No$@@http://www.teriin.org/ee/cdm/cdm.htm@No
<#LINE#>Initiation of Pharmaceutical Factories depending on more Application of Biotechnology on some Medicinal Plants Review Article (In Vitro Production of some Antioxidant, Analgesic, Antibacterial, Antidiabetic agent) <#LINE#>Eman, @A. Alam <#LINE#>398-404<#LINE#>69.ISCA-ISC-2011-13MediS-28.pdf<#LINE#>Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, EGYPT<#LINE#>15/10/2011<#LINE#>10/1/2012<#LINE#>Higher plants are an important source of all type of substances, especially medicines (glycosides, ethereal oils, steroids,flavonoids, anthraquinones, alkaloids, tannins and saponins, etc.,). Traditionally the medicinal plants have been grown andthen the active components extracted and this is likely to remain the normal procedure. However the production of medicinalplants can present problems, which have load to the search for other ways to produce naturally accruing substances: i.Production in the field is strongly dependent on season, weather, climate, diseases and pests. ii. Naturally occurring sources,especially in the tropics and subtropical zones, are becoming limited and some medicinal plants are extremely scarce. iiiTheremay be technical and economic problems in production. iv. Production is labor intensive and therefore costs are high.v. There may be political instability in the country where the plants are available resulting in an interrupted supply. For theabove mentioned reasons, attempts have been made to obtain substances from cell suspension cultures of higher plants,either through accumulation in the callus (biomass) or sometimes by the release into the nutrient medium. In this review wewill discuss in vitro production of some antioxidant, analgesic, antibacterial, antidiabetic agents.<#LINE#>Pierik R.LM.@In vitro culture of higher plants, MartinusNijhoff Publishers@Dordrecht, Netherland, (1987)@No$Dixon R.A. and Gonzales@Plant cell culture, OxfordUniversity Press@Walton Street, Oxford, New York,USA. 2 nd Ed. (1994)@No$Matkowski A.@Plant in vitro culture for the productionof antioxidants � A review@Biotechnology Advances,26, 548- 560 (2008)@No$Eman A. Alam, Gehan H. Amin, Yassin M. ElAyoutyand Mohamed S. Abdel-Hady@Chemical compositionand antibacterial activity studies on callus of Fagoniaarabica L.@Academia Arena, 2(12), 91-106 (2010)@No$Eman A. Alam@Cytological and Ultrastructural studieson callus of Fagonia arabica@New York ScienceJournal, 3(12), 154-157 (2010 a)@No$Eman A. Alam@Phytochemical screening on calli ofFagonia indica and Fagonia bruguieri Dc.@New YorkScience Journal, 3(12), 158-164 (2010 b)@No$Eman A. Alam@In vitro production of callus fromZygophyllum coccineum L.@Academia Arena, 3(1), 6-9 (2011)@No$Aguirre Y.A.G., Zamilpa A., Cortazar M.G. and TapiaG.T.@Adventitious root cultures of Castilleja tenuifloraBenth. as a source of phenylethanoid glycosides@Industrial Crops and Products, 36, 188� 195 (2012)@No$Georgiev M., M�ller J.L., Weber J., Stancheva N. andBley T.@Bioactive metabolite production and stressrelatedhormones in Devil�s claw cell sus-pensioncultures grown in bioreactors@Applied Microbiologyand Biotechnology, 89, 1683� 1691 (2011b)@No$Stancheva N., Weber J., Schulze J., Alipieva K., M�llerJ. L., Haas C., Georgiev V., Bley T. and Georgiev M.@Phytochemical and flow cytometric analyses of Devil�sclaw cell cultures, Plant Cell Tissue and OrganCulture@105, 79�84 (2011)@No$Lubbe A. and Verpoorte R.@Cultivation of medicinaland aromatic plants for specialty industrial materials@Industrial Crops and Products, 34, 785�801 (2011)@No$Sarasan V., Kite G.C., Sileshi G.W. and StevensonP.C.@Applications of phytochemical and in vitrotechniques for reducing over-harvesting of medicinaland pesticidal plants and generating income for therural poor@Plant Cell Reports, 30, 1163�1172 (2011)@No
<#LINE#>DNA Technology: The Technology of Justice - Current and Future Need<#LINE#>Thierry Murangira @B.,Bhakare @Jyoti <#LINE#>405-409<#LINE#>70.ISCA-ISC-2011-18CLM-Com-10.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Law, University of Pune, MS, INDIA@Department of Law, University of Pune, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>The intelligence of human being, since the beginning of this world has resulted in the growth of science and technology.Science and technology have developed according to the interest and needs of humankind. They are having tremendousimpact on human lives. Advances in DNA technology are being seen as significant, reliable, efficient and accurate tools forlaw enforcement agencies to fight crimes. DNA evidences are capable of proving guilt of accused or innocence of accusedpersons wrongly convicted. Forensic DNA Technology has transformed investigative methods of serious crimes due to itsremarkable capability to convict wrongdoers or exonerate accused or convicted offenders. One of the most significant andgreat qualities of DNA evidence is its ability to solve cold cases. More importantly, DNA technology can quickly leadsuspicion away by allowing samples of past crimes that were never solved to be reassessed. This can result in the arrest ofsuspect(s) years after the crime was committed. In essence, DNA evidence is rapidly becoming irrefutable proof ofidentification. The question whether DNA is advancing justice becomes relevant in cases where police, in their efforts, useDNA evidence to find suspects and solve crimes. Certainly, questions of justice weigh most heavily when the DNA samples ofinnocent person is taken, stored and analyzed and falls under the lens of suspicion. Therefore, this paper deals with theutility of DNA Technology in criminal investigation process. Advancement of DNA technology toward a vision of justice is afocal point of this research paper.<#LINE#>Yawer Qazalbash@DNA Evidence and ItsAdmissibility@24 (2006)@No$Parikh and Mishra@The principles of MedicalJurisprudence@Medical and Forensic Science, DNA testand Toxicology,11(2007)@No$@The CODIS Unit manages the Combined DNA IndexSystem (CODIS) and the National DNA Index System(NDIS) and is responsible for developing@providing,and supporting the CODIS Program to federal, state,and local crime laboratories in the United States andselected international law enforcement crimelaboratories to foster the exchange and comparison offorensic DNA evidence from violent crimeinvestigations, (2010)@No$Sheldon Krimsky and Tania Simoncelli@GeneticJustice: DNA data banks@Criminal Investigations, andcivil liberties, 306-307 (2011)@No$Edward Connors@Convicted by jury exonerated byScience@IPT Journal, (10) (1998)@No$Abichandani R.K.@New Biology and CriminalInvestigation@(2010)@No$Sharma Abhijeet@Guide to DNA Test in PaternityDetermination and Criminal Investigation@260 (2007)@No$Heydon J.D.@Cross on Evidence@795, (2000)@No$@@http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id. visitedon 11th Sept, (2010)@No$@@293 F. 1013, 1014, D.C. Cir, (1923)@No$@The Frye decision was that the lie detector test was nottrustworthy for the reason that it had not obtained�general acceptance� in the relevant scientificcommunity@Its meaning test is indefinable. In fact, theFrye test brought a lot of debate in by Judges, whetherthe scientific evidence should be admitted in legalsystem or not. For many years, the Frye test was citedin both civil and criminal cases, but it was applied mostfrequently in criminal cases, (1923)@No$@@447NW422, Minn (1989)@No$@The Castro judgment provides the intention that DNAidentification evidence of exclusion is more providingreasonable basis of admissibility than DNAidentification evidence of inclusion@In Castro, the courtruled that DNA tests could be used to show that bloodon Castro�s watch was not his, but tests could not beused to show that the blood was that of his victim,Accessed on 14th June, 2010, See also, DNATechnology in Forensic Science, Committee on DNATechnology in Forensic Science, USA Board ofBiology, Commission on Life Science, NationalResearch Council of USA (1992)@No$Adhikary Jyotimor@DNA Technology inAdministration of Justice@56-57 (2007)@No$KSN Reddy@The Essentials of Forensic Medicine andToxicology@387 (2004)@No$Kantak M.P., Ghodkirekar M.S. and Perni S.G.@Utilityof Daubert guidelines in India@Journal of the IndianAcademy of Forensic Medicine, 26 (2004)@No$Madan Gopal Kakkad vs. Naval Dubey and another 3@@SSC 204 (1992)@No$Pillay V.V.@Textbook of Forensic Medicine andToxicology@14th ed., 89 (2004)@No$Vij K.@Textbook of Forensic Medicine (Principles andPractice)@1st ed., 134 (2001)@No$State of Gujarat v. Kishnbhai, MANU/GJ/0506 /2005(In this case the police was criticized for not havingemployed DNA test during investigation@It wasobserved, in case of rape, where injuries on the vaginaof the victim are so grave and serious, in our opinion,either pubic hair or semen of the accused ought to havebeen found from the body of the victim@@No$R.R. Gopal v.@State of Tamil Nadu@AIR1997 SC 264,@No$542 U.S. 177, (2004)@undefined@undefined@No$Hiibel v.@Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada,Humboldt Country et al.@U.S. Supreme Court, NO03-5554, decided June, 2 (2004)@No$National Institute of Justice (NIJ)@Convicted by JuriesExonerated by Science@Case study in using DNAevidence to establish innocence after trial. Reportreleased, (2009)@No$Susan Price Livingston@DNA Database of ConvictedFelons, OLR Research Report@(2002)@No$Special Report on@Using DNA to Solved Cold Cases,published by the National Institute of Justice (U.S.Department of Justice)@(2002)@No
<#LINE#>NGOs and their Role in Development of Science-In Development of Rural Women Entrepreneurship <#LINE#>Kittur @Parveen,Hundekar @S.G <#LINE#>410-414<#LINE#>71.ISCA-ISC-2011-20SocS-27.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Studies in Commerce, Karnatak University, Dharwad. Karnataka, INDIA @Department of Studies in Commerce, Karnatak University, Dharwad. Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>16/9/2011<#LINE#>11/1/2012<#LINE#>Women entrepreneurship is an emerging reality in the world. In the coming years one of the biggest challenges to the world will beretaining the rural population by employing them in some kind of activity. In India women constitute at least half of the population.Unless entrepreneurship among the rural population becomes economically rewarding through the intervention of NGOs andSHGs, it will be difficult to attract and retain the rural women for any kind of engagement or activities in the rural areas. TheNGOs in India are functioning to a great extent especially in rural areas. The NGOs and SHGs are working in the right direction totrain rural women entrepreneurs and empower them in order to eradicate poverty in rural areas. Taking the issue of NGOs andtheir role in developing science, this research paper reveals and examines the development of rural women entrepreneurship whichindirectly develops a system in rural women.<#LINE#>Allen E., Minnit M., Langouitz N.@GlobalEntrepreneurship Monitor@2005 Report on Women andEntrepreneurship GEM Publication, (2006)@No$Barrett M.A.@Feminism and Entrepreneurship: FurtherReflection on Theory and an Australian Study@Frontiersof Entrepreneurship Research, 1994 Edition, (1995)@No$Brezeal D. V.@Managing an EntrepreneurialOrganization, Environment@Journal of BusinessResearch, 1, 55-68 (1996)@No$Brown C.@Entrepreneurial education Teaching Guide,Kansas City M O:Kauffman Centre for EntrepreneurialLeadership Clearing House on EntrepreneurshipEducation@(2000)@No$Buttner E. H. and Moore D. P.@�Women�sOrganizational Exodus to Entrepreneurship: SelfReportedMotivations and Correlates with Success�@Journal of Small Business Management, 35 (1) 34-47(1997)@No$Dubini P.@The Influence of Motivations andEnvironment on Business Startups: Some Hints forPublic Policies@Journal of Business Venturing 4, 11-26(1988)@No$Gelin M.@The Importance of Gender in Starting andManaging a Small Business@Houston PsychiatricSociety, (2005)@No$GEM,@Report on Women and Entrepreneurship, GlobalEntrepreneurship Monitor@(2005)@No$Hisrich R. D. and Brush C.@Women and MinorityEntrepreneurs: A Comparative Analysis (Eds) JohnHornaday@Edward Shills, Jeffrey Timmons, and KarlVesper, Wellesley, Mass.: Frontiers ofEntrepreneurship Research Babson Center forEntrepreneurial Studies, 566-587(1986)@No$Jaimie S, P., Sullivan C. C., Halbrendt and Qingbin W.@An Exploratory Study of How Rural FemaleEntrepreneur View Success, University of VermoutPublication@(1998)11. Kjeldsen J. and Nielson K.@No$Kutanis O.R.@Gender Factor in Entrepreneurship:Female Entrepreneurs@Paper Presented in 11thManagement and Organisation Congress, Afyon,Turkey: 59-69 (2003)@No$Kutanis O. and Bayraktaroglu@Female Entrepreneurs:Social Feminist Insights For Overcoming The Barriers.Stream 19: Gender Perspectives and Management@Turkey. Sakarya University (2002)@No$Mistick B.K.@The feminization of Entrepreneurship (ACase for a Women�s Model in Fostering EconomicDevelopment)@The National Educational Center forWomen in Business (1997)@No$Olutunla G. T.@Entrepreneurship for EconomicDevelopment: Inaugural Lecture Series 27@Delivered atthe Federal University of Technology, Akure, (2001)@No$Ojo J.A.T.@Small and Medium EnterprisesDevelopment and SMIES Effective ImplementationStrategies@Lagos, The CIBN Press (2004)@No$Okunade E. O.@Influence of Leadership Role onWomen Activites in Women based Rural DevelopmentProjects in Osun State@Research Journal of SocialSciences. 2, 14-22 (2007)@No$Schutte J.L., Boshoff, A.B. and Bennett, H.F.@Measuring the Effectiveness of the WomenEntrepreneurship: An Investigation into CurriculumAlignment towards Building Capacity@Entrepreneurship Research, 669-687 (1995)@No$Simpson S.M.@Women Entrepreneurs, Women atWork: Psychological and Organizational Perspectives,Editors: Jenny Firth-Cozens and Michael A. West@Philadelphia: Open University (1993)@No$Stevenson L.@�Some Methodological ProblemsAssociated with Researching Women Entrepreneurs�@Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 439-446 (1990)@No$Thomson S.@Women�s Entrepreneurship Developmentin Micro and Small Enterprises, A case Study in theUkraine@A Paper Presented to the School ofInternational Training, International Studies,Organizations, and Social Justice, Geneva, Switzerland,(2002)@No$United Nation@Entrepreneurship and e-BusinessDevelopment for Women, United Nations Pulicactions@Thailand, (2006)@No$Usman L. K.@Women Entrepreneurship: AnExploration of Factors Militating Against ActiveParticipation of African Rural Women@Paper Presentedat the African Entrepreneurship Seminar Held at theTranscorp Hilton, (2008)@No$Wang C., Walker E. A. and Redmond J.@�OwnershipMotivation and Strategic Planning in Small Business�.Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability@11, (4) (2006)@No$Wiklund J. and Shepherd D. A.@Entrepreneurial SmallBusiness: A Resource-Based Perspective@Chelternham,UK: Edward Elger Publishing (2005)@No
<#LINE#>An Enhanced Approch for Content Based Image Retrieval<#LINE#>Patheja @P.S.,Waoo @Akhilesh A.,Maurya @Jay Prakash <#LINE#>415-428<#LINE#>72.ISCA-ISC-2011-5CITS-08.pdf<#LINE#>BIST, Bhopal, MP, INDIA@BIST, Bhopal, MP, INDIA@BIST, Bhopal, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>6/10/2011<#LINE#>5/1/2012<#LINE#>Image classification is perhaps the most important part of digital image analysis. Retrieval pattern-based learning is the mosteffective that aim to establish the relationship between the current and previous query sessions by analyzing image retrievalpatterns. We propose a new feedback based and content based image retrieval system. In this new approach we use neuralnetwork based pattern learning to achieve effective classification and with neural network we use decision tree algorithm tomake less complex mining of images. That approach is more effective and efficient way for image retrieval.<#LINE#>Gupta Neetesh, Singh R.K. and Dubey P.K.@A NewApproach for CBIR Feedback based image classifier@International Journal of Computer Applications (0975� 8887) 14(4), (2011)@No$Gilbert Adam D., Chang Ran, and Xiaojun Qi@Aretrieval pattern-based inter-query learning approachfor content-based image retrieval@Proceedings of 2010IEEE 17th International Conference on ImageProcessing, (2010)@No$Chih-Wei Hsu, Chih-Chung Chang, and Chih-Jen Lin@Department of Computer Science National TaiwanUniversity@Taipei 106, A Practical Guide to SupportVector Classication, Taiwan, Initial version, 2003,(2010)@No$Ajitha Gladis K.P. and Ramar K.@A Novel Method forContent Based Image Retrieval Using theApproximation of Statistical Features@MorphologicalFeatures and BPN Network, IEEE computer societyICCIMA, 148, 179-184 (2007)@No$Liu P., Jia K., Wang Z. and Lv Z.@A New andEffective Image Retrieval Method Based on CombinedFeatures@Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Image andGraphics, I, 786-790 (2007)@No$Tienwei Tsai@Te-Wei Chiang and Yo-Ping Huan,Image Retrieval Approach Using Distance@ThresholdPruning, IEEE Trans. On Image Processing, 12, 241-249 (2007)@No$Guoqiang Peter Zhang@Neural Networks forClassification, A Survey IEEE transactions on systems,man, and cybernetics�part C@applications andreviews, 30(4), (2000)@No$Banzhaf W., Nordin P., Keller R.E. and Francone F.D.@Genetic Programming: An Introduction, MorganKaufmann@San Francisco, CA, (1998)@No$Richard M.D. and Lippmann R.@Neural networkclassifiers estimate Bayesian a posteriori probabilities@Neural Comput., 3, 461�483, (1991)@No$Duda P.O. and Hart P.E.@Pattern Classification andScene Analysis@New York, Wiley (1973)@No
<#LINE#>Performance Interoperability between RDBs and OODBs<#LINE#>Shukla @Brahma Datta,Gupta @V.K. <#LINE#>419-421<#LINE#>73.ISCA-ISC-2011-5CITS-13.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Computer Science, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA@Department of Computer Science, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA<#LINE#>11/10/2011<#LINE#>27/2/2012<#LINE#>Object-oriented databases and relational database are becoming more and more popular for applications to support the complexityand the irregularity of the real-world entities. Object-Oriented Databases (OODBs) have been designed to support large andcomplex programming projects. The data accuracy, consistency, and integrity in OODBs are extremely important for developersand users. In Object Oriented Data Model each record is represented by object. The basic element of an object-oriented databaseis the object. A relational database allows the definition of data structures, storage and retrieval operations and integrityconstraints. In such a model the data and relations between them are organized in tables. A table is a collection of records andeach record in a table contains the same fields. Object-oriented database systems began developing in the mid-80�s out of anecessity to meet the requirements of applications beyond the data processing applications which were served by relationaldatabase systems. In this paper, the Achievements and weaknesses of both database models and the Special problems found in theboth model are discussed. This paper deals with different constraints in object-oriented databases and relational database.<#LINE#>Codd E. F.@A Relational Model of Data for LargeShared Data Banks@Communications of theACM, (1970)@No$Bertino, Elisa@Data Hiding and Security in ObjectOrientedDatabases@In proceedings EighthInternationalConference on Data Engineering, 338-347, (1992)@No$Rothnie J.B. and Goodman N.@A Survey of Researchand Development in distributed database ManagementSystems@Proc. Third Int. Conf. on VLDB, (1977)@No$Bernstein P. and Goodman N.@Concurrency Control inDistributed Database Systems@ACM ComputingSurveys 13/2, (1981)@No$Tamer M. , Ozsu and Patrick Valduriez@Principles ofDistributed Database Systems@Second Edition.Prentice-Hall, (1999)@No$Boot G.M.@The distributed System Environment@McGraw-Hill, (1981)@No$Jeffrey D. Ullman@Principles of Database andKnowledge-based Systems@2nd edition, ComputerScience Press, Vol.1, (1982)@No$Bell, David and Jane Grisom@Distributed DatabaseSystems@Workinham, England: Addison Wesley,(1992)@No$Woo, Thomas Y.C., and Simon S. Lam@Authorizationin Distributed Systems: A Formal Approach, InProceedings 1992 IEEE Symposium on Research inSecurity and Privacy@33-51(1992)@No$Elmasri Navathe@Database Concepts By PearsonEducation@(2011)@No$Colloly.@Data base Concepts By Pearson Education@(2011)@No$Coronel Rob@Introduction to Database Concepts@(2011)@No
<#LINE#>Approaches for Deadlock Detection and Deadlock Prevention for Distributed systems<#LINE#>Gupta @Dhiraj,Gupta @V.K. <#LINE#>422-425<#LINE#>74.ISCA-ISC-2011-5CITS-15.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Computer Science, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA@Department of Computer Science, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA<#LINE#>11/10/2011<#LINE#>27/2/2012<#LINE#>In today environment Distributed database is mainly used by large organization for their striking features. When we developa deadlock detection and prevention approaches for distributed database. A deadlock is a condition in a system where aprocess cannot proceed because it needs to obtain a resource held by another process but it itself is holding a resource thatthe other process needs. The same conditions for deadlocks in uniprocessors apply to distributed systems. Unfortunately, asin many other aspects of distributed systems, they are harder to detect, avoid, and prevent. Deadlocks are a fundamentalproblem in distributed systems. Deadlock detection is more difficult in systems where there is no such central agent andprocesses may communicate directly with one another. Deadlock detection and resolution is one among the major challengesfaced by a Distributed System. In this paper, we discuss deadlock detection techniques and present approaches for detectingdeadlocks in Distributed Systems. We wish that our paper had served as a survey of the important solutions in the fields ofdeadlock for distributed system.<#LINE#>Chandy K.M. and Misra J.@A distributed algorithm fordetecting resource deadlocks in distributed systems. InProc.@A CM SIGA CT-SIGOPS Syrup. Principles ofDistributed Computing, ACM, New York, 157-164(1982)@No$Tamer M. Ozsu and Patrick Valduriez@Principles ofDistributed Database Systems@Second Edition,Prentice-Hall, (1999)@No$Bernstein P. and Goodman N.@Concurrency Control inDistributed Database Systems@ACM ComputingSurveys 13/2 (1981)@No$Gligor V.D. and Shattuck S.H.@Deadlock detection indistributed systems@IEEE Trans. Softw., Eng. SE-6, 5435-440 (1980)@No$Dijkstra N.W, and Scholten C.S.@Termination detectionfor diffusing computations@Inf. Process. Lett., 11(1), 1-4 (1980)@No$Goldman B.@Deadlock detection in computer networks@Tech. Rep. MIT-LCS-TR185, Massachusetts Instituteof Technology, Cambridge, Mass., (1977)@No$Gray J.N.@Notes on database operating systems. InOperating Systems: An Advanced Course@LectureNotes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, NewYork, 60, 393-481 (1978)@No$Science Dept.@Univ. of Texas at Austin, July (1981). 7.HOARE@C.A.R. Communicating sequential processes.Commun. ACM21, 8, 666-677 (1978)@No$Marsland T.A., and Isloor S.S@Detection of deadlocksin distributed database systems@(1980)@No$Chandy K.M. and Misra J.@A Distributed Algorithm fordetecting Deadlocks in Distributed Systems@157-164(1982)@No$Elmasri Navathe@Database Concepts By PearsonEducation@(2011)@No$Colloly.@Data base Concepts By Pearson Education@(2011)@No$Coronel Rob@Introduction to Database Concepts@(2011)@No
<#LINE#>Concurrency Issues of Distributed Advance Transaction Process <#LINE#>Sheetlani @Jitendra,Gupta @V.K.  <#LINE#>426-429<#LINE#>75.ISCA-ISC-2011-5CITS-20.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Computer Science, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA @Department of Computer Science, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA <#LINE#>11/10/2011<#LINE#>27/2/2012<#LINE#>The transactional model for distributed system has been around for many years and it is considered a well-established andmature technology. The traditional transaction model, although suitable for conventional database applications such asbanking and airline reservation systems, does not provide much flexibility and high performance when used for complexapplications such as object oriented systems, long-lived transactions, or distributed systems. Nested transactions have beenproposed to overcome the limitations of flat transaction model. Nested transactions extend the notion that transactions areflat entities by allowing a transaction to invoke atomic transactions as well as atomic operations. They provide safeconcurrency within transaction, allow potential internal parallelism to be exploited and offer an appropriate controlstructure to support their execution. In this paper we describe distributed database system and their transaction process. Inthis paper we also describe advance-nested transactions where the transactions from one system interact with thetransactions from another system. Such nested transactions can expect to become more important with the introduction ofnetwork operating systems and heterogeneous distributed database systems. Finally, we will study about concurrency issueof nested transaction with respect to distributed database.<#LINE#>Tamer M. Ozsu and Patrick Valduriez@Principles ofDistributed Database Systems@Second Edition.Prentice-Hall (1999)@No$@Distributed Transaction Processing on an OrderingNetwork By Rashmi Srinivasa@Craig Williams, Paul F.Reynolds (2002)@No$Moss E.B.@Nested transactions: An approach to reliabledistributed computing@Ph.D. dissertation,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,MA, USA (1981)@No$Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, and NathanGoodman@Concurrency Control and Recovery inDatabase Systems@Addison-Wesley (1987)@No$Bernstein P. and Goodman N.@Concurrency Control inDistributed Database Systems@ACM ComputingSurveys 13/2, (1981)@No$Kaur Manpreet@Transaction Processing in DistributedDatabases@Amritsar College of Engg. andTech,Amritsar Sheetlani Jitendra, Jangde Manoj,Concurrency Control in Distributed Transactionprocess., Prabandhan and Taqniki 04, 271-274 (2010)@No$Sheetlani Jitendra, Jangde Manoj@Timely Computingbase Transaction in DBMS.@Shodh 04, 5 (2010)@No$Sheetlani Jitendra, Jangde Manoj@Concept andTechnique of Transaction process of DistributedDatabase Management system.@advancement incomputational technique and application 01, 190-194(2011)@No$Sheetlani Jitendra and Jangde Manoj@NestedTransaction Management in distributed database@CGTTM, LNCT Indore, (2011)@No$Elmasri Navathe@Database Concepts By PearsonEducation@(2011)@No$Colloly.@Data base Concepts By Pearson Education@(2011)@No$@Coronel Rob Introduction to Database Concepts@(2011)@No$Sheetlani Jitendra, Gupta Dhiraj@World of DBMS@(2009)@No
<#LINE#>Applications of DSTATCOM Using MATLAB/Simulation in Power System<#LINE#>Bhattacharya @Sourabh <#LINE#>430-433<#LINE#>76.ISCA-ISC-2011-7EngS-EC-06.pdf<#LINE#>NIIIST Bhopal, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>17/10/2011<#LINE#>7/1/2012<#LINE#>D-STATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) is a shunt device which is generally used to solve power quality problems indistribution systems. D-STATCOM is a shunt device used in correcting power factor, maintaining constant distribution voltageand mitigating harmonics in a distribution network. D-STATCOM is used for Grid Connected Power System, for VoltageFluctuation, for Wind Power Smoothening and Hydrogen Generation etc. This paper D-STATCOM is used in Marine PowerSystem for Power Quality Improvement. Relevant solutions which applied nowadays to improve power quality of electricnetwork according to the five aspects of power quality- harmonics, fluctuation and flick of voltage, Voltage deviation,unbalance of 3-phase voltage and current frequency deviation. Simulation is done using Sim Power Systems ofMATLAB/Simulink to validate the proposed global system. The measurement system containing two main parts: - Hardwarepart and the virtual part- software (Recording, Processing, Graphical interfacing). In this paper we are concluding the result ofsoftware parts only. The performance of the proposed DSTATCOM system is validated through simulations using MATLABsoftware with its Simulink and Power System Blockset (PSB) toolboxes.<#LINE#>Xiaoyan Xu@Min He and Huayao Zheng, Study ofElectric Power Quality Improvement in ShipNetworks@Industrial Electronics and Applications,2006 1ST IEEE Conference, 1-6, (2006)@No$Gupta R. and Ghosh A.@Frequency-DomainCharacterization of Sliding Mode Control of anInverter Used in DSTATCOM Application@IEEETransactions on Circuits and Systems�I: RegularPapers, 53(3), 662-676 (2006)@No$Sundar G., et.al.@Digital Simulation of D-STATCOMfor Voltage Fluctuation@International Journal ofEngineering Science and Technology, 2(5), 1131-1135 (2010)@No$@Improvement of Power Quality in Electric ship powersystem Using Controller of D-statcom@InternationalJournal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 2(2)(2011)@No$Wasiak I., Mienski R., Pawelek R. and Gburczyk P.@Application of DSTATCOM compensators for mitigation of power quality disturbances in lowvoltage grid with distributed generation ElectricalPower Quality and Utilisation@IEEE 9th InternationalConference on Digital Object Identifier, 1-6 (2007)@No$Karanki S.B., Nagesh G., Mishra M.K. and KumarB.K.@A hybrid topology for reducing DC link voltagerating in DSTATCOM applications Energytech@2011IEEE Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/EnergyTech. 2011, 5948517, 1�6 (2011)@No$Singh B., Adya A., Mittal A.P., Gupta J.R.P. andSingh B.N.@Application of DSTATCOM forMitigation of Voltage Sag for Motor Loads in IsolatedDistribution Systems Industrial Electronics, 2006IEEE International Symposium on Digital ObjectIdentifier@10.1109/ISIE.2006.295846, 3, 1806 - 1811(2006)@No$Singh A. and Singh B.@Performance evaluation ofpower converters with distribution static compensator,Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems(PEDES) and 2010 Power India@2010 JointInternational Conference on Digital ObjectIdentifier, 1109/PEDES.2010.5712484, 10, 1-5 (2010)@No$Anuradha K., Muni B.P. and Kumar A.D.R.@Controlof Cascaded H-Bridge Converter based DSTATCOMfor High Power Applications Power Electronics@Drives and Energy Systems, 2006, PEDES@No$Karanki S.B., Nagesh G., Mishra M.K. and KumarB.K.@A hybrid topology for reducing DC link voltagerating in DSTATCOM applications Energytech, 2011IEEE Digital Object Identifier:10.1109/EnergyTech. 2011. 5948517, 1-6 (2011)@undefined@No
<#LINE#>Recovery of Nickel from Spent Ni/Al2O3 Catalysts using Acid Leaching, Chelation and Ultrasonication<#LINE#>Oza @R.,Patel @S. <#LINE#>434-443<#LINE#>77.ISCA-ISC-2011-8EnvS-54.pdf<#LINE#>Chemical Engineering Department, Institute Of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad�382 481, INDIA@Chemical Engineering Department, Institute Of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad�382 481, INDIA<#LINE#>7/11/2011<#LINE#>13/1/2012<#LINE#>Supported nickel catalysts, containing 2.5% to 20% of nickel metal, are widely used in chemical industry for hydrogenation,hydrotreating, and steam-reforming reaction. These catalysts have specific life and are subsequently discarded due to itsdeactivation owing to coke deposition on its surface. Disposal of spent catalyst is a problem as it falls under the category ofhazardous industrial waste and also it requires compliance with stringent environmental regulations. Also the cost and demandof nickel has been rising significantly. In this context recovery of nickel can serve both of the important issues. This review cumresearch work focuses on the recovery of nickel from spent nitrogenous catalyst using conventional acid leaching & chelationroute and a novel technique Ultrasonication developed & implemented successfully by the authors. Using ultrasonicationtechnique significantly faster recovery of nickel salt (50 minutes) was accomplished compared to chelation route (7-8 h) andacid leaching (5-6 h). The %recovery and purity is significantly high for ultrasonication route compared to conventional acidleaching and chelation technique. The recovered nickel salts can be recycled for the preparation of fresh catalysts and promisesto be a good industrial process for handling 1-2 t per batch of spent nickel catalyst.<#LINE#>Singh B.@Treatment of spent catalyst from thenitrogenous fertilizer industry - A review ofthe available methods of regeneration@recovery and disposal, J. Hazard. Mater.,167(1-3), 24-37 (2009)@No$Oza R. Shah N. and Patel S.@Removal ofNickel from Spent Catalysts usingUltrasonication Assisted Leaching@J. Chem.Technol. Biotechnol., 86(10), 1276-1281(2011)@No$Oza R. Shah N. and Patel S.@Nickel Recoveryfrom Spent Ni/Al2O3 Catalysts using NitricAcid Solution@Asian J. Water, Environ.Pollut,. 8(3), 29-35 (2011)@No$Oza R. Shah N. and Patel S.@Extraction ofNickel from Spent Catalyst using EDTA as Chelating Agent@Nat. Environ. Pollut.Technol., 10(2), 197-200 (2011)@No$Vuyyuru K. R. Pant K. K. Krishnan V. V. andNigam K. D. P@Recovery of Nickel fromSpent Industrial Catalysts Using ChelatingAgents@Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49(5), 2014�2024 (2010)@No$Kolosnitsyn V. S. Kosternova S. P.Yapryntseva O. A. Ivashchenko A. A. andAlekseev S. V.@Recovery of nickel withsulfuric acid solutions from spent catalysts forsteam conversion of methane@Russian J. Appl.Chem., 79, 539�543 (2006)@No$Ivascan S. and Roman O.@Nickel recoveryfrom spent catalyst. I Solvation process@Bu1Inst Politeh Iasi Sect 22, 47�51 (1975)@No$Sinka G. Vigvari M. Koracsi G. Legal T.Gyalasi I. and Gabor G.@Recovery of Ni fromspent catalyst@Hung Teljes HU, 46, 556(1988)@No$Al-Mansi N. M. and Abdel Monem N. M@Recovery of nickel oxide from spent catalyst,Waste Manage.@22, 85�90 (2002)@No$Pamela A. Mukharjee T. K. and SundaresanA. M.@Reduction roasting � sulphuric acidleaching of nickel from a spent catalyst@MetalMineral. Process., 3, 81�92 (1991)@No$Sahu K. K. Agarwal A. and Pandey B. D.@Nickel recovery from spent nickel catalyst@J.Waste Manage. Res., 23, 148�154 (2005)@No$Matkovic V. Markovic B. Sokic M. andVuckovic N.@Recycling of spent nickel basedcatalysts@Acta Metallurgica Slovaca., 12,284�288 (2006)@No$Chaudhary A. J. Donaldson J. D. BoddingtonS. C. and Grimes S.G.@Heavy metals inenvironment: part II@A hydrochloric acidleaching process for the recovery of nickelvalue from a spent catalyst, Hydrometall.,34,137�150 (1993)@No$Bosio V. and Vierra M. and Donati E.@Integrated bacterial process for the treatmentof a spent nickel catalyst@J. Hazard. Mater.,154(1-3), 804-810 (2008)@No$Santhiya D. and Ting Y.@Bioleaching of spentrefinery processing catalyst using Aspergillusniger with high-yield oxalic acid@J.Biotechnol., 116(2), 171-184 (2005)@No$Shinohara Y. and Mitsuhasli M.@Leaching ofvaluable metal in waste desulfurizationcatalyst@Japan kokai, 76 82�86 (1976)@No$Floarea O. Mihai M. Morarus M. Kohn D. andSora M.@Filtration: physical models andoperating conditions@Rev Chim (Bucharest),42 553 (1991)@No$Vicol M. Heves A. and Potoroaca M.@Recovery of nickel from spent catalysts@CombinatuldeIngrasaminteChimicePiatraNeamt,112, 832 (1986)@No$Manoliu C. Olara I. Zugravescu P. Serdaru M.and Popescu E.@Metal recovery from spentNi/AlO3 catalyst@Rom. Ro., 87, 980 (1985)@No$Ghanem R. Farag H. Eltaweel Y. and OssmanE.@Recovery of nickel from spent catalyst bysingle and multi-stage leaching process@Int. J.Environ. Waste Manag., 2(6), 540�548 (2008)@No$Molnar L. Sinka G. Szentgyorgyi G. andLukacs P.@Ni recovery from spenthydrocracking catalyst@Hung Teljes HU, 46,565 (1988).@No$Kitakatsu N. Maurice V. Hinnen C. andMarcus P.@Surface hydroxylation and localstructure of NiO thin films formed on Ni(111)@Surf. Sci., 407(1-3), 36-58 (1998)@No$Kitakatsu N. Maurice V. and Marcus P.@Localdecomposition of NiO ultra-thin films formedon Ni(111)@Surf. Sci., 411(1-2), 215 (1998)@No$Jesus J. C. Carrazza J. Pereira P. and Zaera F.@Hydroxylation of NiO films: the effect ofwater and ion bombardment during theoxidation of nickel foils with O2 undervacuum@Surf. Sci., 397(1-3), 34-47(1998)@No$Christel L. Pierre A. and Abel D. A-M. P.@Temperature programmed reduction studies ofnickel manganite spinels@Thermochim Acta.,306(1-2), 51-59 (1997)@No$Richardson J. T. Scates R. and Twigg M. V.@X-ray diffraction study of nickel oxidereduction by hydrogen@Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,246(1), 137-150 (2003)@No$Sharma S. K. Vastola F. J. Walker P. L. Jr.@Reduction of nickel oxide by carbon: I.Interaction between nickel oxide and pyrolyticgraphite@Carbon., 34(11), 1407-1412 (1996)@No$Liu S. Xu L. Xie S. Wang Q. and Xiong G.@Partial oxidation of propane to syngas overnickel supported catalysts modified by alkalimetal oxides and rare-earth metal oxides@Appl. Catal. A:Gen., 211(2), 145-152 (2001)@No$Sehested J. Carlsson A. Janssens T. V. W.Hansen P. L. and Datye A. K.@Sintering ofNickel Steam-Reforming Catalysts onMgAl2O4 Spinel Supports@J. Catal., 197(1),200-209 (2001)@No$Pfender E.@Thermal Plasma Technology:Where Do We Stand and Where Are WeGoing?@Plasma Chem. Plasma Process,19(1), 1-31 (1999)@No$Tanahashi N. Takeuchi A. and Tanaka K.@Metal Recovery From the Waste MagnesiaChromiaBricks With Arc Plasmas@J. Eng.Res. Technol., 123(1), 76-80 (2001)@No$Chatterjee P. K, Datta A. B and Kundu K. M.@Fluidized bed gasification of coal@Can. J.Chem. Eng., 73(2), 204-210 (1995)@No$Herguido J. Corella J. and Gonzalez-Saiz J.@Steam gasification of lignocellulosic residuesin a fluidized bed at a small pilot scale@Effectof the type of feedstock, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,31(5), 1274-1282 (1992)@No$Judd M. R.@In: 2nd International Coal & GasConversion Conference@Pretoria, 23 (1987)@No$Liu S. Xiong G. Yang W. Xu L. Xiong G. andLi C.@Partial oxidation of ethane to syngasover nickel-based catalysts modified by alkalimetal oxide and rare earth metal oxide@Catal.Lett. 63(3-4), 167-171 (1999)@No$Huff M. Torniainen P. M. and Schmidt L.D.@Partial oxidation of alkanes over noble metalcoated monoliths@Catal. Today, 21(1), 113-128 (1994)@No$Wong F. F. Lin C. M. Chang C. P. Huang J.R. Yeh M. Y. and Huang J. J.@Recovery andReduction of Spent Nickel Oxide Catalyst viaPlasma Sintering Technique@Plasma Chem.Plasma Process., 26(6), 585-595 (2006)@No$Fischer K. Bipp H. P. Riemschneider P.Leidmann P. Bieniek D. and Kettrup A.@Utilization of biomass residues for theremediation of metal-polluted soils@Environ.Sci. Technol., 32(14), 2154�2161 (1998)@No$Steele M.C. and Pichtel J.@Ex-situ remediationof a metal contaminated superfund soil usingselective extractants@J. Environ. Eng., 124(7),639�645 (1998)@No$Papassiopi N. Tambouris S. and KontopoulosA.@Removal of heavy metals from calcareous contaminated soil by edta leaching@Water AirSoil Pollut., 109(1-4), 1�15 (1999)@No$Garrabrants A. C. and Kosson D. S.@Use of achelating agent to determine the metalavailability for leaching from soils and wastes@Waste Manage., 20(2-3), 155�165 (2000)@No$Kim C. and Ong S. K.@Recycling of leadcontaminatedEDTA wastewater@J. Hazard.Mater., 69(3), 273�286 (1999)@No$Wasay S. A. Barrington S. and Tokunaga S.@Organic acids for the in situ remediation ofsoils polluted by heavy metals: soil flushingcolumns@Water Air Soil Pollut., 127(1-4),301�314 (2001)@No$Bergers P. J. M. and de Groot A. C.@Theanalysis of EDTA in water by HPLC@WaterRes., 28(3), 639�642 (1994).@No$Kari F. G. and Giger W.@Modeling thephotochemical degradation ofethylenediaminetetraacetate in the river Glatt@Environ. Sci. Technol., 29(11), 2814�2827(1995)@No$Goel S. Nigam K. D. P and Pant K, K,@Extraction of Nickel from spent catalyst usingfresh and recovered EDTA@J. Hazard. Mater.,171(1-3), 253-261 (2009)@No$Vadamalar R. Mani D. and Balakrishnan R.@Ultrasonic Study of Binary Liquid Mixtures ofMethyl Methacrylate with Alcohols@Res.J.Chem.Sci., 1(9), 79-82 (2011)@No$Mason T.J.@Advances in Sonochemistry,Elsevier Science Publishers@New York, 1�6(1990�2001)@No$Suslick K. S.@Ultrasound: its Chemical,Physical and Biological Effects@VCH, NewYork (1988)@No$Crum L. A., Mason T.J., Reisse J. and SuslickK. S.@Sonochemistry and Sonoluminescence@Kluwer Academic Publishers (1999)@No