@Research Paper <#LINE#>Knowledge and Attitude of the Benenificiaries of Livestock Development for Livelihood Support (Ldls) Programme in Goat Farming in Wayanad District of Kerala, India<#LINE#>G.N.@Chethan,Senthil R.@Kumar ,P.J.@Rajkamal, Chandra Mohan <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-216.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, INDIA @ KVASU Centre for Wildlife Studies, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, INDIA<#LINE#>24/8/2014<#LINE#>11/2/2015<#LINE#> A questioner survey was conducted among150 beneficiaries of Livestock Development for Livelihood Support (LDLS) programme to understand the knowledge and attitude of the LDLS programme beneficiaries in goat farming in Wayanad district of Kerala state. The study revealed that majority of the beneficiaries had moderately favourable attitude (42.67%) towards goat farming and also moderately knowledgeable (42.00%) in goat farming. Further investigation on beneficiaries’ knowledge level revealed that only few beneficiaries had adequate knowledge about breeding, housing and health care aspects of goat farming. Comparatively higher proportion of beneficiaries had adequate knowledge about feeding and managemental practices of goats. <#LINE#> @ @ Gopala G.T., Veeranna K.C. and Radder S.K. Constraints in goat farming in Bidar district of Karnataka state, Res. J. Ani. Husbandry and Dairy Sci.,1(2), 80-82 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mohan B., Sagar R.L. and Singh K., Factors related to promotion of scientific goat farming, Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu.,9(3), 47-50 (2009) @No $ @ @ Rajkumar N.V. and Kavithaa N.V., Constraints in goat farming perceived by farm women in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. Int. J. Sci., Environ. Technol, 3(1), 116-122 (2014) @No $ @ @ Moreki J.C. and Kopano T., Evaluation of Performance of the Poverty Alleviation Component of Livestock Management and Infrastructure Development Support Programme in Letlhakeng Sub-district, Botswana, Online International Interdisciplinary Res. J., , 166-178 (2014) @No $ @ @ Rajkamal P.J. and Kunzru O.N. A scale to measure attitude of farmers towards goat rearing, J. Ext. Edu .9, 2177-2182 (1998) @No $ @ @ George P.R., Ranganathan T.T., Simon S. and PradeepC.A., Knowledge of farm women of Wayanad district, Kerala about goat rearing practices, Indian J. Anim. Res., 44 (1), 61-63 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mahanjana A.M. and Cronje P.B. Factors affecting goat production in a communal farming system in the Eastern Cape region of South Africa, South African Journal of Animal Science, 30(2), 149–154 (2000) @No $ @ @ Kavithaa N.V., Jiji R.S. and Rajkumar N.V., Knowledge and attitude of the members of women self – help groups in goat farming in Thrissur district, Int. J.Sci., Environ. Technol., 3(1), 198–202 (2014) @No $ @ @ Pezzanite L., Neary M., Hutchens T. and Scharko P., Common diseases and health problems in sheep and goats. News letter. Volume AS-595-W. Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service, West Lafayette. (2011) @No <#LINE#>Impact of Social Networking Site on the Separate State Movement of Bodoland: A Descriptive Analytical Study<#LINE#>Rachan@Daimary<#LINE#>7-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-267.pdf<#LINE#> M.A (MCJ) INDIA<#LINE#>15/10/2014<#LINE#>30/12/2014<#LINE#> The study will deal with the comparative evaluation of representation of Bodo movement in different media and how does the representation of the agenda on separate state vary across ranges of other media and SNS, mainly in this paper Facebook is highlighted as a social networking site. We cannot avoid the implication of SNS in influencing mass for an action. At the same time the binary of inclusive and exclusive nature of SNS cannot be undermined. The study will be significant to analyse the role of media in influencing the agenda of separate Bodo state and the changing dynamics of Bodo movement in connection of the incorporation of new media platform for agenda making. <#LINE#> @ @ Musahari, Premananda, Political identity crisis of the Bodos and their Bodoland Movemen, December 2011(2011) @No $ @ @ Kumar Nath, Manoj, Bodo Insurgency in Assam: New accord and new problems (Institute for Defence studies and analysis) 27(4),(2003) @No $ @ @ Borah Tinam, Advocating Adivasi Voices, Dissertation Submitted in Tezpur University (2012) @No $ @ @ Neelamalar M. And Chitra P., New media and society: A Study on the impact of social networking sites on Indian youth, Dept. of Media Sciences, Anna University Chennai, India (2009) @No $ @ @ Stephen Kemmis, Participatory action research and the public sphere, Charles Sturt University, Australia; Published online: 30 November 2006 (2006) @No $ @ @ Thomas Ryberg and Ellen Christiansen, Community and Social Network Sites as Technology Enhanced Learning Environments, Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark, 17(3),(2008) @No $ @ @ Alireza Azimi and Abouzar Abbaspour Ghomi, Social Networks Privacy Issues That Affect Young Societies, Bangkok December 2011 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharyya Arpita, Understanding the Historical Conflicts behind Today’s Violence in Assam, 29August, 2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ Roger D. Wimmer and Joseph R. Dominick, Mass Media Research: An Introduction, 3 February 2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ Alessandro Cecconi, Research Paper on Social Networking: Research Paper on Social Networking, Management and Evaluation of Instructional Technology and Distance Education Programs, Nova Southeastern University, 5 April, 2008 (2008) @No $ @ @ Dean Jodi, Why the net is not public shaper, Constellations, 10(1),(2003) @No $ @ @ Jürgen Gerhards and Mike S. Schäfer, Is the internet a better public sphere? Comparing old and new media in the US and Germany, SAGE, new media and society xx(x) I18, 2009 (2009) @No $ @ @ Baruah, Sanjib, India against Itself: Assam and the Politics of Nationally, Oxford University Press; New York, 177 (1999) @No $ @ @ Sabina Yeasmin and Khan Ferdousour Rahman, Triangulation' Research Method as the Tool of Social Science Research, BUP Journal,1(1), ISSN: 2219-4851, September 2012(2012) @No <#LINE#>The economic Effects of Democracy in Pakistan: An Empirircal Analysis<#LINE#>GhulamRasool@Lakhan,Shoaib@Ali,Aneela@Sultana<#LINE#>14-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-290.pdf<#LINE#>FUUAST, PAKISTAN @ Applied Economics Research Centre, PAKISTAN <#LINE#>9/11/2014<#LINE#>22nd/12/2014<#LINE#> Pakistan is facing political and economical problems which directly or indirectly effects on people. Soon after the independence, representatives failed to build a healthy political system in a country which affects badly the whole economy. Current study emphasizes on the role of democracy in Pakistan using time series macroeconomic and democracy related variables. The study utilizes the regression technique for estimating the relationship and shows that democracy and durability of democracy effects economic growth positively and internal conflicts effects negatively the economic growth. The study also proposes some valuable policy implications which help policy makers to understand the reality. <#LINE#> @ @ Timothy Besley and Robin Burgess, Land Reform Poverty Reduction and Growth: Evidence from India, Quarterly Journal of Economics 115 (2000) @No $ @ @ Jose Tavares and Romain Wacziarg, How Democracy Affects Growth, European Economic Review, 45 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ahmed Mushq Mobarak, Democracy Volatility and Development, Review of Economics and Statistics 87 (2005) @No $ @ @ Roberto Rigobon and Dani Rodrik, Rule of Law, Democracy, Openness, and Income: Estimating the Interrelationships NBER Working Paper, 10750 (2004) @No $ @ @ Alberto Ades and Rafael Di Tella, The New Economics of Corruption: A Survey and Some New Results, in Paul Heywood, ed., Political Corruption Oxford: Basil Blackwell,(1997) @No $ @ @ James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few and How Collective Wisdom Shapes Business, Economies, Societies, and Nations, New York: Doubleday(2004) @No $ @ @ Helliwell, John F, Empirical Linkages between Democracy and Economic Growth, British Journal of Political Science, 42(2), 225-248 (1994) @No $ @ @ Barro, Robert J., Democracy and Growth, Journal of Economic Growth, , 1–27 (1996) @No $ @ @ Chowdhurie-Aziz, Monali, Political Openness and Economic Performance, unpublished paper, University of Minnesota, (1997) @No $ @ @ Tavares Jose and Romain Wacziarg, How Democracy Fosters Growth, Harvard University, August (1996) @No $ @ @ Olson, Mancur, The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation, and Social Rigidities, Yale University Press(1982) @No $ @ @ Przeworski and Limongi, Political Regimes and Economic Growth, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 51-69 (1993) @No $ @ @ Huntington, Samuel P., Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven, Conn, Yale University Press(1968) @No $ @ @ Tavares Jose and Wacziarg Romain, How democracy affects growth, European Economic Review, 45, 1341-1378 (2001) @No $ @ @ Helliwell John, Empirical Linkages Between Democracy and Economic Growth, British Journal of Political Science,24, 225-248 (1994) @No $ @ @ Przeworski Adam and Limongi Fernando, Political Regimes and Economic Growth, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7(3), 51-69 (1993) @No $ @ @ Nelson Michael A and Singh Ram D., Democracy, Economic Freedom, Fiscal Policy and Growth in LDCs: A Fresh Look: Economic Development and Cultural Change Chicago: The University of Chicago 677-696 (1998) @No $ @ @ Feng Yi., Democracy, Political Stability and Economic Growth, British Journal of Political Science, 27(3), 391-418 (1997) @No $ @ @ Polterovich Victor and Popov Vladimir, Democratization, Quality of Institution and Economic Growth. New Economic Growth, Tiger Working Paper, 102 (2007) @No <#LINE#>Determinants of Psychological Well-being among Retirees<#LINE#>K.Neeta@Sharma,S@Karunanidhi,T.Chitra<#LINE#>19-26<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-294.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Psychology, University of Madras, Chennai-600 005, INDIA @ A, N. No. 105A, Sivan Koil Street, Kodambakkam, Chennai-600 024, INDIA <#LINE#>13/11/2014<#LINE#>22nd/1/2015<#LINE#> Retirement is considered as a major transition and a source of stress in a retiree’s life. The present study aimed at investigating the influence of psychosocial factors, leisure time activities, family structure, and length of retirement on the psychological well-being of retirees. The study was ex-post facto in nature and the sampling method adopted was simple random sampling. The total sample comprised of 200 (97% male) retirees with good health status living in home environment whose age ranged from 60-73 years and annual income ranged from Rs. 70,000 to Rs. 1,50,000. The respondents’ duration of retirement was from one and a half years to fifteen years. The psychosocial variables studied were attitude towards old age, retirement specific self-esteem, rigidity, goal directedness, social support, household decision making, and life regrets. Various demographic data including family structure, length of retirement, and leisure time activities details were also collected from personal data sheet. Data were collected personally by the researcher using standardized scales. Data were analyzed using multiple regression, partial correlation and discriminant analysis. The results indicated that retirement specific self-esteem, dispositional rigidity, goal-directedness, social support (reliable alliance and reassurance of worth), regretfulness, leisure time activities, and family structure were the significant predictors of psychological well-being of retirees. The selected variables put together explained 93% of variance in the psychological well-being of retirees. Discriminant analysis revealed that the retirees with low and high psychological well-being found to differ on attitude towards aging, retirement specific self-esteem, dispositional rigidity, goal directedness, perceived social support, household decision making, regretfulness, and leisure time activities. The study had implications for identifying and training retirees for better psychological well-being. <#LINE#> @ @ Diener E. and Diener C., Factors Predicting the Subjective Well-being of Nations, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69 851–864 (1995) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization, Preamble to the constitution of the World Health Organization, In Official records of the World Health Organization, No. 2, p. 100, Ginebra: World Health Organization (1948) @No $ @ @ Chadha N.K. and Van Willigen J., The Life Scale: The Development of a Measure of Successful Aging, Indian Journal of Gerontology, 9(3and4), 83-90 (1995) @No $ @ @ Bharadwaj R., Retirement and Aging: A Longitudinal Psycho-Social Analysis(Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), Delhi University, (1997) @No $ @ @ Crawford R.D., Retirement and Disengagement, Human Relations, 24, 255-278 (1971) @No $ @ @ Burgees E.W., The Transition from Extended Families to Nuclear Families. In Clark Tibbitts (Eds.), Handbook of Social Gerontology, Chicago: University of Chicago Press (1960) @No $ @ @ Shanas E., Old People in Three Industrial Societies, New York: Atherton Press (1968) @No $ @ @ Szinovacz M.E., Female Retirement: Effects on Spousal Roles and Marital Adjustment, Journal of Family Issues, 1, 423-440 (1980) @No $ @ @ Moen P., The Gendered Life Course, In L. K. George and R. H. Binstock (Eds.), Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences (5th ed., pp. 179–196), San Diego, CA: Academic Press (2001) @No $ @ @ Walker I.W., Kimmel D.C. and Price K.F., Retirement Style and Satisfaction: Retirees are All Alike, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 12(4),267-273 (1981) @No $ @ @ Bosse R., Aldwin C.M., Levenson M.R. and Exerdt D.J., Mental health Differences among Retirees and Workers: Findings from the Normative Aging Study, Psychology and Aging, 2(4) 383-389 (1987) @No $ @ @ Miller S.M., Child and the Aged: Attitudes Contact and Discriminative Ability, The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 19(1), 47-53 (1984) @No $ @ @ Erikson E., Identity and Life Cycle, Psychological Issues, 1-171 (1959) @No $ @ @ Brink T.L., Pastoral Care for the Aged: A Practical Guide, Journal of Pastoral Care, 31(4), 264-272 (1977) @No $ @ @ Pfeiffer E., Physical, Psychological and Social Correlates of Survival in Old Age, Prediction of Life Span: Recent Findings, Lexington, M.A. (1971) @No $ @ @ Raghani V. and Singh N.K., A Survey of Problems of Retired Persons, Indian Journal ofGerontology, 2(1and2), 34-37 (1970) @No $ @ @ Desai K.G. and Naik H.M., Problems of Retired People in Greater Bombay, Bombay: Tata Institute of Social Sciences (1970) @No $ @ @ Goudy, W.J. Powers, E. A., Keith, P.M. and Reger, R.A., Change in Attitude towards Retirement: Evidence from a Panel Study of Older Males, Journal of Gerontology, 35 (6),942-948 (1980) @No $ @ @ Theriault J., Retirement as a Psychosocial Transition: Process of Adaptation to Change, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 38(2) 153-170 (1994) @No $ @ @ Crowley J.E., Longitudinal Effects of Retirement on Men’s Well-being and Health, Journal of Business and Psychology, 1(2) 95-113 (1986) @No $ @ @ Spreitzer, E., and Snyder, B.E., The Relative Effects of Health and Income on Life Satisfaction, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 10(3) 110-120 (1980) @No $ @ @ Andrews F.M. and Withey S.B., Social Indicators of Well-being: American Perceptions of Life Quality, New York: Plenum (1976) @No $ @ @ Harris L., The Myth and Realities of Aging in America, Washington, D.C: National Council in Aging (1975) @No $ @ @ Reddy L.K., A Study of Some Factors related to Attitudes towards Aging and the Aged (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), S.V. University, Tirupati (1990a) @No $ @ @ Rieske B., Felgner K. and Meinhold L., Personality Characteristics Promoting Life Satisfaction, Zeitscchrift fur Alternforschuna, 40(4), 217-224 (1985) @No $ @ @ Liang J. and Jay G., Financial Strain and Psychological Well-being among the American and Japanese Elderly, Psychology and Aging, 6(2), 170-181 (1991) @No $ @ @ Francis D., The Significance of Work Friends in Later Life: Process, Change and Social Support, Journal of Aging Studies, 4(4), 405-434 (1990) @No $ @ @ Ramamurti P.V. and Gnanakannan I., Rigidity-Flexibility Characteristics of Secure and Insecure Individuals, Journal of Psychological Researches, 16(2), 54-55 (1972) @No $ @ @ Ramamurti P.V., Jamuna D. and Reddy L.K., Empirical Constituents of Meaningful Retirement, Journal of Social Change, 21(4), 191-198 (1993) @No $ @ @ Robbins S. Payne C. and Chartrard J.M., Goal Instability and Later Life Adjustment, Psychology and Aging, 447-450 (1990) @No $ @ @ Cutrona C.E., Russell D. and Rose J., Social Support and Adaptation to Stress by the Elderly, Psychology and Aging, 1,47-54 (1986) @No $ @ @ De Genova M.K., Reflections of the Past: New variables Affecting Life Satisfaction in Later Life, Educational Gerontology, 19,191-201 (1993) @No $ @ @ Butler R., The life Review: An Interpretation of Reminiscence in the Aged Psychiatry, Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes, 26 65 – 96 (1963) @No $ @ @ Steinkamp M.W. and Kelly J.R., Social Integration, Leisure Activity, and Life Satisfaction in Older Adults: Activity theory revisited, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 25 293-307 (1987) @No $ @ @ Fallowfield L., The Quality of Life: The Missing Measurement in Health Care, Souvenir Press (1990) @No $ @ @ Cobb S., Social support as a Moderator of Life Stress, Psychosomatic Medicine, 38, 300-314 (1976) @No $ @ @ Holloway A. and Youngblood R., Survival after Retirement, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 22(1), 110-115 (1986) @No $ @ @ Jamuna D. and Ramamurti P.V., Old Age Disability Scale, Journal of Psychometry, 3 (1), 21-26 (1990) @No $ @ @ Palmore E., Facts on Aging: A Short Quiz, Gerontologist, 17,315-320 (1977) @No $ @ @ Rosenberg M., Society and the Adolescent Self-ImagePrinceton, NJ: Princeton, University Press (1965) @No $ @ @ Chadha N.K., Manual for Dimensions of Rigidity Scale, Department of Psychology, Delhi University, Delhi (1986) @No $ @ @ Smith L.C. and Robbins S.B., Validity of the Goal–Instability Scale: Modified as a Predictor of Adjustment in Retirement Age Adults, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35(3), 325-329 (1988) @No $ @ @ Russell D. and Cutrona C.E., Manual for the Social Provision Scale: A Multidimensional Measure of perceived Social Support, Iowa: Department of Psychology, Iowa State University (1987) @No $ @ @ Van Willigen J. and Chadha N.K., Schedule of Household Decision making(Unpublished Paper at Department of Psychology), Delhi University (1988) @No $ @ @ Adelmann P.K., Psychological Well-being and Homemakers versus Retiree Identity Among Older Women, Sex Roles, 29(3-4), 195-212 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ramamurti P.V., A Study of Some Factors Related to the Adjustment of Urban Aged Men (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), S.V. University, Tirupati (1968a) @No $ @ @ Holahan C.K., Relation of Life Goals at Age 70 to Activity Participation and Health and Psychological Well-being among Terman's Gifted Men and Women, Psychology and Aging, 3,286-291 (1988) @No $ @ @ Payne E.C., Robbins S.B. and Dougherty L., Goal Directedness and Older Adults Adjustment, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38 (3), 302-308 (1991) @No $ @ @ Cassel J., The Contribution of the Social Environment to Host Resistance, American Journal of Epidemiology, 10 (4), 107-123 (1976) @No $ @ @ Shah S. and Mahajan A., Leisure Time Activities among the Aged: A Comparative Study, Social Science International, 7 (2) 12-24 (1990) @No $ @ @ Bevil C.A., O' Connor P.C. and Matton P.M., Leisure Activity, Life Satisfaction and Perceived Health Status in Older Adults, Gerontology and Geriatrics Education, 14(2)3-19 (1993) @No $ @ @ Reddy L.K. and Ramamurti P.V., Attitudes towards the Aged and Adjustment towards Aging, Journal of Psychological Researches, 33(1) 82-84 (1988) @No $ @ @ Bhatia H.S., Aging and Society: A Sociological Study of Retired Public Servants, Udaipur,The Arya's Book Centre Publishers (1983) @No $ @ @ Soodan K.S., Aging in India, Calcutta: Minerva Associates Pvt. Ltd. (1975) @No $ @ @ Richardson V. and Kilty K.M., Adjustment to Retirement: Continuity Vs Discontinuity, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 33(92) 151-169 (1991) @No <#LINE#>Pregnancy Complications and Birth Outcome: Do Health Care Services Make a Difference?<#LINE#>Mousumi@Gogoi<#LINE#>27-35<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-297.pdf<#LINE#> International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, INDIA < $ @ @ @No $#LINE#>20/11/2014<#LINE#>13/1/2015<#LINE#> Complications of pregnancy are generally the symptoms and problems that are related to pregnancy and child birth. Many women face some minor health problems while some women who unfortunately get faced with more serious complications during pregnancy. The paper attempts to study the effect of pregnancy complications on birth outcomes and its association with utilization of maternal health care services using third round of District level household and facility survey data (DLHS-3). Multivariate and factor analysis has performed to see the interrelationship between complications in terms of their common underlying dimensions like reproductive health complications. Finding shows that, more than half of the studied women were suffering from any type of complications during pregnancy and were inthe younger age cohort and those were residing in rural areas. It also shows a relationship of pregnancy complications on adverse birth outcome. It has found from the study that women with any pregnancy complications had a more chances of delivering still birth compared to women without any complication. Women having complications like paleness/giddiness and swelling of hands and feet during pregnancy, reportedmore of delivered still births. Near about 59 percent of women gone for full ANC check-ups (three ANC visit, TT injection and IFA tablets/syrup). Result shows that having any complication during pregnancy couldalso lead tocomplications at deliverysuch as labour related complications. Difference has found among Maternal Health Care service receivers and non-receiverson birth outcome. Prevalence of delivered still-birth has found higher among non-receivers compared to service receivers. Therefore, it needs a greater attention to improve health care services and awareness among common people and also requires the proper monitoring, both during and after pregnancy, in order to improve maternal and foetal outcomes by providing good health care services. <#LINE#> @ @ World Health Organization (WHO), Pregnancy Exposes Women in poor states to 200-fold risk of death, compared with rich ones, Populi, 27(2), 4 (2000) @No $ @ @ Stanton C., Lawn J.E., Rahman H., Wilczynska K.K. and Hill K., Stillbirth rates: Delivering estimates in 190 countries, Lancet, 367 9521) 1487-94 (2006) @No $ @ @ GabryschS.and Campbell O., Still too far to walk: literature review of the determinants of delivery service use, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, , 34 (2009) @No $ @ @ Turan J.M., Johnson K. and Polan M.L., Experiences of women seeking medical care for obstetric fistula in Eritrea: implications for prevention, treatment, and social reintegration, Global Public Health, 2(1), 64-77 (2007) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization (WHO), Beyond the numbers: Reviewing maternal deaths and complications to makepregnancy safer, (2004) @No $ @ @ EC/UNFPA, Making Pregnancy and Childbirth Safer [fact sheet]. EC/UNFPA Initiative for Reproductive Health in Asia in cooperation with the German Foundation for World Population, (2000) @No $ @ @ International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and macro international, National Family Health survey (NFHS-3), 2005-06: India: I. Mumbai: IIPS, (2007) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization (WHO), Division of Reproductive Health: World Health Day Technical Report, Organization Geneva (1998) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization (WHO), World Health Report 1999: Making a Difference, World Health Organization Geneva (1999) @No $ @ @ Matthews Mathai, Reviewing Maternal Deaths and Complications to Make Pregnancy and Childbirth Safe, Regional Health Forum, 9(1), (2005) @No $ @ @ Datta K.K., Sharma R. S., Razack P.M.A., Ghosh T.K. and Arora R.R., Morbidity pattern amongst rural pregnant women in Alwar, Rajasthan-a cohort study, Health and Population Perspectives and Issues,, 282-292 (1980) @No $ @ @ Bhatia J.C. and Cleland J., Determinants of use of maternal care in a region of south India, Health Trans, Rev., 5(2), 127-142 (1995a) @No $ @ @ Wong E.L., Popkin B.M., Gullkey D.K. and Akin J.S.,Accessibility, quality of care and prenatal care use in the Philippines, Social Science and Medicine, 24, 927-944 (1987) @No $ @ @ McKinlay J.B., Some approaches and problems in the study and use of services: an overview. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 13, 115-152 (1972) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Antenatal Care in Developing Countries: Promises, Achievements and missed Opportunities- An Analysis of Trends, Levels and Differentials 1990-2001, WHO, Geneva (2003) @No $ @ @ Harrison K.A., The Political Challenge of Maternal Mortality in the Third World. Maternal Mortality and Morbidity - A Call to women for action, Special Issue, May 28 (1990) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW): Reproductive and Child health Programme: Schemes for Implementation, Department of Family Welfare, New Delhi, (MOHFW). (1998b): Family Welfare Programme in India, Year Book, 1996-97, Department of Family Welfare, New Delhi, (MOHFW), (1997) @No $ @ @ Abou Zahr C., Prolonged and obstructed labour. In:Murray CJL and Lopez AD, eds. Health dimensions of sex and reproduction: the global burden of sexually transmitted diseases, maternal conditions, perinatal disorders, and congenital anomalies, WHO (1998) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Reproductive and Child Health –II programme. New Delhi: Government of India, (2008) @No $ @ @ Ramasubban R. and Jejeebhoy S., Women's reproductive health in India. New Delhi, Rawat Publications, (2000) @No $ @ @ Filippi V., Goufodji S., Sismanidis C., Kanhonou L., Edward F., Ronsmans C., Alihonou E. and Patel V., Effects of severe obstetric complications on women’s health and infant mortality in Benin, Tropical Medicine and International Health, 15(6),733-742 (2010) @No <#LINE#>Unending Oppressions: Illustrations of Women Victimization in Kashmir, India<#LINE#>Soubiya Yousuf@Bhat<#LINE#>36-40<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-302.pdf<#LINE#> CCAS, University of Kashmir, J and K, INDIA<#LINE#>26/11/2014<#LINE#>19/1/2015<#LINE#> Ever since the issue of crime against women came to fore there has been a myriad literature discussing this problem. The issue of crime against women is prevalent in almost every society regardless of the religion, nationality, culture and tradition. Similarly, women in Kashmir have suffered a great deal ever since the separatist struggle became violent in 1989-90. Since past two decades, the cases registered as crime against women have shown an upward trend in the Kashmir valley. The paper will therefore attempt to give a picture of the genesis of this grave issue in the valley. Moreover, it will also depict the changing social structure and consequent impact on Kashmiri women. <#LINE#> @ @ Durkheim E., TheRules of Sociological Methodand Selected Texts on Sociology and its Method. (Ed. Steven Lukes. Trans. W. D. Halls). New York: Free Press, (1982) @No $ @ @ Lerner G., The Creation of Patriarchy. New York: Oxford University Press, (1986) @No $ @ @ Goldberg S., The Inevitability of Patriarchy, New York: William Morrow, (1974) @No $ @ @ Mill J.S., TheSubjection of Women, New York: D. Appleton and Company, (1870) @No $ @ @ Roy A., Ali T., Bhat H., Chatterji A.P., Khatun H. and Mishra P., Kashmir: The Case for Freedom, London: Verso, (2011) @No $ @ @ Widmalm S., Kashmir in Comparative Perspective: Democracy and Violent Separatism in India. New York: Routledge, (2002) @No $ @ @ This conflict, as is often argued, has its origins in the unfinished partition of 1947 (1974) @No $ @ @ B.A. Dabla., Social Impact of Militancy in Kashmir. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House, (2012) @No $ @ @ In 2008, the Indian government and the JandK government made an agreement to transfer 99 acres of forest land to Shri Amarnath Shrine Board in Kashmir to set up temporary shelters and facilities for the hindu pilgrims. This created a controversy, with demonstrations from the Kashmir valley against the land transfer and protests from the Jammu region supporting it (2008) @No $ @ @ In 2010 the Indian army claimed to have killed three "Pakistani infiltrators" but it was later revealed to be a case of a fake encounter, wherein three young men from Baramulla district had been lured and killed by the Indian army in a staged encounter (2010) @No $ @ @ B.A. Dabla., Multi-Dimensional Problems of Women in Kashmir. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House, (2007) @No $ @ @ Greater Kashmir, Acid Attack on Girl. Retrieved from http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/ 2013/Jan/3/acidattack-on-girl-2-youth-held-81.asp (2013) @No $ @ @ Greater Kashmir, Eve Teasers Crush Teenage Girl to Death Arrested, Retrieved from http://www. greaterkashmir.com/news/2009/May/5/-eve-teasers-crush-teenage-girl-to-death-arrested--5.asp(2009) @No $ @ @ Greater Kashmir, Police Crack Teenage Girl’s Murder Case in Islamabad, Retrieved from http://www. greaterkashmir.com/news/2014/Feb/6/police-crack-teenage-girl-s-murder-case-in-islamabad-52.asp(2014) @No $ @ @ Greater Kashmir, Man Divorces Wife for Resisting Fetal Sex Determination; Delivering Daughters. Retrieved from http://www.greaterkashmir.com /news/2013/Sep/21/mandivorces-wife-for-resisting-fetal-sex-determinationdelivering-daughters-25.asp(2013) @No $ @ @ Greater Kashmir, Police Cracks Murder Case of Budgam Girl, Retrieved from http://www. greaterkashmir.com/news/2014/Jun/14/police-cracks-murder-case-of-budgam-girl-68.asp(2014) @No $ @ @ Vashistha S., Crime against Women, New Delhi: K.K. Publications (2012) @No $ @ @ Cohen L. and Felson M., Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach, AmericanSociologicalReview,44, 588-608 (1979) @No $ @ @ Jewkes R., Intimate Partner Violence: Causes and Prevention. TheLancet,359 9315), 1425 (2002) @No $ @ @ Engineer A.A., Islam, Women and Gender Justice, NewDelhi: Gyan Publishing House, (2013) @No $ @ @ Garcia V. and Clifford J., Female Victims of Crime, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, (2010) @No <#LINE#>Gender Related Educational Development Index (GEDI) of Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) India<#LINE#>Tusi@Das,Saswati@Mookherjee<#LINE#>41-47<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-306.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geography, Lady Brabourne College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, INDIA<#LINE#>2/12/2014<#LINE#>16/1/2015<#LINE#> Literacy is an indispensable means to acquire skills for improving socio-economic development of well being. The present research paper is Gender Related Education Development Index of Kolkata Municipal Corporation which studies the gender disparity in literacy level in Kolkata Municipal Corporation. For this analysis GEDI or gender development index has been used. On the basis of GEDI value spatial and temporal analysis has done. Here census data of 2001 and 2011 of Kolkata Municipal Corporation have used for this analysis. In Kolkata Municipal Corporation there is a minimum change in GEDI value (2001 to 2011). In 2001 GEDI value was 0.75 and in 2011 it was 0.80 which shows the value is near to 1. It reflects a maximum achievement with perfect gender equality. The percentage of GEDI value changes is 6.67% which is low. The main objective of this study is to measure the gender differences in respect of education with the help of Gender Related Education Development Index at ward level of Kolkata Municipal Corporation. <#LINE#> @ @ Chitragar L.S. and Hurakadli M.S., Gender Disparities in Literacy Pattern in the Malaprabha Command Area Karnataka State – A Geographical Approach, Global Research Analysis, 2(10), 36-41 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kaushik K.A. and Kaushik K., Gender Gap in Literacy Rate in Mathura District U.P A Geographical Study, European Journal of Business School 1(9), 95-107 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumari N., Gender Related Development Index (GEDI) of Bihar, Geographical Review of India, 69(1), 39-45 (2007) @No $ @ @ Nayak T.L., Gender Disparities in the Levels of Literacy Rate in Karnataka- A District Level Analysis, Geographical Review of India, 73(3), 239-256 (2011) @No $ @ @ Joshi H., Gender- Related Education Index at Village Level: Methodology and Measurement: A Case Study Khamnor of Panchayat Samities of Rajasthan District, Geographica Review of India, 73(3), 283-285 (2011) @No $ <#LINE#>A Study of the Present Situation of the Traditional Handloom Weavers of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India<#LINE#>Tanusree@Shaw<#LINE#>48-53<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-310.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Anthropology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, kolkata-700019, INDIA<#LINE#>8/12/2014<#LINE#>3/2/2015<#LINE#> The Handloom is a traditional industry of India and it provides employment opportunities to millions of people in the rural and urban belts of our country. After industrialization, the handloom industry has been decline. Most of the problems faced by handloom industry are perpetual in nature and hence to sustain the cultural and economic importance of the industry the present study is an attempt to understand the various problems of Handloom Weavers of Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. The problems are invention of new technology (power-loom), capitalist control, drop off in wages, increased price of yarn, and so on. The present study is descriptive in nature. The data have been collected through the in-depth interview, semi structured interview, case study and focused group discussion. <#LINE#> @ @ Annual Report of Ministry of Textile. Retrieved from http://texmin.nic.in/annualrep/ar_10_11_english.pdf. (2010-11) @No $ @ @ Niranjana S., Thinking with Handlooms: Perspectivesfrom Andhra Pradesh, Economic and Political Weekly, 39(6), 553-563 (2004) @No $ @ @ Ganguly-Scrase R., Paradoxes of Globalization, Liberalization, and Gender Equality: The Worldviews of the Lower Middle Class in West Bengal, India, Gender and Society, Sage Publications, 17(4), 544-566 (2003) @No $ @ @ Roy T., Acceptance of Innovations in Early Twentieth-Century Indian Weaving, The Economic History ReviewNew Series, 55(3), 507-532 (2002) @No $ @ @ Khanna S., Technical Change and Competitiveness in Indian Textile Industry, Economic and Political Weekly, 24 (34), M103-M111 (1989) @No $ @ @ Goswami O., Sickness and Growth of India’s Textile Industry: Analysis and Policy Option, Economic and Political Weekly, 25(44), 2429-2439 (1990) @No $ @ @ Harnetty P., Deindustrialization’ Revisited: The Handloom Weavers of the Central Provinces of India, 1800-1947. Modern Asian Studies, Cambridge University Press,25(3), 455-510 (1991) @No $ @ @ Mizuno K., Rural Industrialization in Indonesia: A Case Study of Community-based Weaving Industry in West Java, Occasional Paper Series, Tokyo: Institute of Development Economies, 31,114 (1996) @No $ @ @ Roy T., Development or Distortion? Powerlooms in India 1950-97,Economic and Political Weekly, 33(16)(1998a) @No $ @ @ Roy T., Growth and Recession in Small-Scale Industry: A Study of Tamil Nadu Powerlooms, Economic and Political Weekly, 34(44), 3137-3145 (1999) @No $ @ @ Haynes E.D., Artisan Cloth-Producers and the Emergence of Powerloom Manufacture in Western India 1920 -1950, Past and Present. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society, 172, 170-198 (2001) @No $ @ @ Srinivasulu K., Handloom Weavers’ Struggle for Survival, Economic and Political Weekly, 29(36), 2331-2333 (1994) @No $ @ @ Mukund K., Indian Textile Industry in 17th and 18thCenturies: Structure, Organisation and Responses, Economic and Political Weekly, 27(38), 2057-2065 (1992) @No $ @ @ Narasaiah L. and Krishna T., Crisis of Handloom Industry. New Delhi: Discovery Publishing House, (1999) @No $ @ @ Gurumoorthy T.R. and Rengachary R.T., Problems of Handloom Sector, In Soundarapandian. M (Eds.), Small Scale Industries: Problems. New Delhi: Concept Publishing House, 1, 168-178 (2002) @No $ @ @ Mathiraj S.P. and Raj Kumar P., Analytical study onHandloom products production and marketing, Tamilnadu Journal of Cooperation, 69-73 (2008) @No $ @ @ Tripathy S.G., Odisha Handlooms: Problems and Perspectives, Orissa Review, 54-56 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mukherjee S.,Looms of Doom,Outlook India,(2004,September 27)@No <#LINE#>Analysis of Loan Disbursement to Agricultural Sector by Regional Rural Bank in Sirsa District of Haryana, India<#LINE#>Kiran@Bala,Reena<#LINE#>54-57<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-323.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Economics, Central University of Haryana, Mahindergarh, INDIA @ Department of Economics, CDLU, Sirsa, Haryana, INDIA<#LINE#>19/12/2014<#LINE#>29/1/2015<#LINE#> The Indian Banking Sector has been the backbone of the Indian economy over the past few decades and the importance of the rural banking in the economic development of a country cannot be overlooked. Without the development of rural economy, the objectives of economic planning cannot be achieved. Hence, banks and other financial institutions are considered to be played a vital role for the development of the rural economy in India. Following the recommendations of the Narasimhan Working Group (1975), Regional Rural Banks were set up to meet the challenges of institutional credit both short and long term. This paper attempts to analyze the loan disbursement to agricultural sector and its compound growth rate during disbursement period. The study has been conducted in Sirsa district of Haryana and based on secondary data collection. The analysis revealed that Regional Rural BankÂ’s has been quite successful in disbursing agricultural loan in district Sirsa. The percentage of disbursement has fluctuated during the period under reference. In year 2005-06 percentage of agricultural disbursement is very high. Even total agricultural disbursement out of total disbursement has been found to be very low. Growth rates of agricultural sector loan has been 7.94 percent where as the total disbursement has risen with the growth rate of 9.28 percent. Both the disbursement has increased at 1 percent significant level. <#LINE#> @ @ Mishra Aswini Kumar, Gadhia Jigar N., Kar Bibhu Prasad, Patra Biswabas and Anand Shivi, Are Private Sector Banks More Sound and Efficient than Public Sector Banks? Assessments Based on Camel and Data Envelopment Analysis Approaches, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(4),28-35 (2013) @No $ @ @ Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh, Mohammad Paseban and RoyaCheshmikhani, Surveying Effective factors for Outstanding Bank and Present Solutions for decreasing that by system dynamics (Case study: Mellat bank in west Azarbaijan), Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(9),29-39 (2013) @No $ @ @ Afzal Ayesha and Mirza Nawazish, The Impact of Financial Liberalization on the Credit System of Pakistan: Historical Perspective, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(3), 74-80 (2013) @No $ @ @ Dr Sharma Usha, Role of Credit Disbursement Policies of Regional Rural Banks in the Sustainable Development of H.P. Economy- An Empirical Study, International Journal of Marketing Financial Services and Management Research,2(4), 156-175 (2013) @No $ @ @ Aggarwal Vijender, Aggarwal Rachna and Khanna Parul, Micro Finance and Risk Management for Poor in India”, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(2), 104-107 (2012) @No $ @ @ Afolabi J.A., Analysis of Loan Repayment among Small Scale Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria, Journal of Social Science, 22(2), 115-119 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ibrahim M. Syed, Role of Indian Regional Rural Banks in the Priority Sector Lending-An Analysis, International Journal of Management and Technology, 1(1), 85-98 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sidhu R. S. and Gill Sucha Singh, Agricultural credit and Indebtedness in India: Some Issues, Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 61(1), 11-35 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mohan Rakesh, Agricultural Credit in India: Status, Issues and Future Agenda, Reserve bank of India Bulletin, 993-1007 (2004) @No $ @ @ Narasimhan V.K. and Goel Mridula, Capital Adequacy and its Relevance to the Indian Banking Sector: A Study of Four Indian Banks, International Research Journal of Social Sciences,2(11),1-5 (2013) @No @Research Article <#LINE#>The Role of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) with special reference to U.S. Rivalry towards Central Asia<#LINE#>Faisal@Javaid,MamnoonAhmed@Khan<#LINE#>58-63<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-291.pdf<#LINE#> FUUAST, Karachi, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>8/11/2014<#LINE#>14/1/2015<#LINE#> It examines the emergence of Chinese headed and Russian backed the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The SCO member states occupy a territory over 60 percent of the world’s land mass; have a population more than one third and nearly 45 percent world’s energy reserves. It provides brief introduction (such as formation, structure, aims, principles and challenges) of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In this research article, it is analysis the SCO’s role in Central Asia and also discuss about challenges for Unites States. <#LINE#> @ @ Shahabuddin, Syed. Ahsan, Lubna. Ahmed Khan, Mamnoon. Marketing Strategy of Siemens Engineering Company in Chinese Business Environment, Research Journal of Engineering Sciences, 3(9), 7-11 (2014) @No $ @ @ Yom Sean L. Power Politics in Central Asia: The Future of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Harvard Asia Quarterly, 4, 48–54 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lanteigne M., In media res: the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a security community, Pacific Affairs,79(4), 608-608 (2006) @No $ @ @ Peimani, Hooman. Conict and Security in Central Asia and the Caucasus. ABC-CLIO, LLC, the United States of America, 319-320 (2009) @No $ @ @ Qian, HU. Chinese Practice in Public International Law, Chinese Journal of International Law,2(2), 684-685 (2002) @No $ @ @ Hawkins Charles and Love Robert, New great game Chinese views on central Asia: Central Asia Regional Security Issues, Economic and Political Challenges. Foreign Military Studies Office Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, 2005, Proceedings of the Central Asia Symposium Monterey, California, August 7-11, 119-119 (2005) @No $ @ @ Moylan William J., The King of Terror. Xlibris Corporation, United States of America , 195-195 (2013) @No $ @ @ Peimani, Hooman. Conict and Security in Central Asia and the Caucasus. ABC-CLIO, LLC, USA, 321-321 (2009) @No $ @ @ Shahabuddin Syed. Ahmed Khan, Mamnoon. Ali, Ashgar. Mushtaque and Khurram, The Role of Multimedia Super Corridor in the cyber development of Malaysia, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3(4), 33-37 (2014) @No $ @ @ Ahmad, Ishtiaq. Shanghai Cooperation Organization: China, Russia, and Regionalism in Central Asia. Social Sciences Research Council, Dubai School of Government, University of Dubai, UAE, Conference on ‘Inter-Asian Connections’, 21-23, 6-7 (2008) @No $ @ @ Zhuangzhi, Sun. New and Old Regionalism: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Sino-Central Asian Relations, The Review of International Affairs,3(4), 607-607 (2004) @No $ @ @ Yom, Sean L. Power Politics in Central Asia, Harvard Asia Quarterly, 6(4), Autumn, 52-53 (2002) @No $ @ @ Rashid, Ahmed. Jihad, The Rise of Militant Islam in Central Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 137-156 (2002) @No $ @ @ Wu, Guoguang. China Turns to Multilateralism: Foreign Policy and Regional Security. Routledge, USA and Canada, 112-112 (2008) @No $ @ @ Tolipov, Farkhod. On the Role of the Central Asian Cooperation Organization within the SCO, Central Asia and Caucasus, 3(27), 152-153 (2004) @No $ @ @ Lanteigne, Marc. The Development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a Security Community, Pacific Affairs,79(4), 619-619 (2006) @No $ @ @ Allison, Roy, Regionalism, Regional Structures and Security Management in Central Asia, International Affairs,80(3), 479-479 (2004) @No $ @ @ Maksutov, Ruslan, The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: A Central Asian Perspective. A SIPRI Project Paper, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, August 11-12 (2006) @No $ @ @ Huang, Hsin. Hsiao, Michael. Lin, Cheng-Yi. Rise of China: Beijing’s Strategies and Implications for the Asia-Pacific. Routledge, USA and Canada, 174-175 (2009) @No $ @ @ Shahabuddin, Ahsan, Lubna. Tradition and Memory in Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude, Research Journal of Language, Literature and Humanities,1(5), 1-7 (2014) @No $ @ @ Qingguo JIA, The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: China's Experiment in Multilateral Leadership. Slavic-Eurasian Research Center, Sapporo, Japan, June,115-115 (2007) @No $ @ @ Burghart, Dan. The New Nomads? The American Military Presence in Central Asia, China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly,5(2), 11-12 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kavalski Emilian, THE NEW CENTRAL: the Regional Impact of International Actors, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd, Singapore, 129-130 (2010) @No $ @ @ Hesebruege Jan Argo, The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: A Holy Alliance For Central Asia?, AlNakhlah, The Fletcher School Online Journal for issues related to Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization, Article-2, spring, 2-5 (2004) @No $ @ @ Guang, Pan. Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the Context of the International Antiterrorist Campaign Central Asia and the Caucasus, 21(3), 6-7 (2003) @No $ @ @ Shahabuddin, Ahsan, Lubna. Khan, Mahrukh. Nature vs Nurture in Mark twain’s Novel Puddn’ Head Wilson: An Overview of Community Environment, Research Journal of Family, Community and Consumer Sciences,2(8), 11-13 (2014) @No $ @ @ Yom, Sean L. Power Politics in Central Asia, Harvard Asia QuarterlyAutumn, 6(4), 51-52 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lukin, Aleksandr. Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Problems and Prospects. International Affairs, 37-37 (2003) @No $ @ @ Abhijit Bora, Science Communication through Mass Media, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(1), 10-15 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rumer B., In Central Asia at the End of Transition M.E. Sharpe. London, 141141 (2004) @No $ @ @ Minj Hemant Prakash, Role of Knowledge and Information in Promoting Sustainable Development, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(2),52-58 (2013) @No <#LINE#>Discrimination of Dalit Christians: A Social Justice Perspective<#LINE#>S.@Kannan<#LINE#>64-70<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-298.pdf<#LINE#><#LINE#>22/11/2014<#LINE#>5/1/2015<#LINE#> The region of Tamil Nadu which consists of multi dimensional character and multi-layered structure attracted the attention of many social scientists particularly in the issue of discrimination against Dalit Christians. In this region Conversion to Christianity took place among all the communities, However, conversation among Dalits took very widely (70% of the converted Christians are Dalits) in order to improve their socio-economic status in the society. The; studies conducted by various social scientists reveal that the change in religion significantly improved their economical and educational status of Dalits. But the caste discrimination systematically followed against the Dalits even after conversion to Christianity. The present study focused on such an issue took place in Eraiyur village of Villupuram distrcit, the Dalit Christians of about 150 families complained that they were discriminated against in offering worship at the Annai Shahaya Mary church at Eraiyur. Since Vanniyar Christians constituted majority, numbering about 2000 families, they go preference in all church functions and Dalit Christians were relegated to the background. This study provides a precise analysis of Dalit discrimination and demonstrates between the two communities in concerned with social justice perspective. In the concluding section explicit implications for future policy development are presented that are designed to ensure that Dalit Christians are not further discriminated. <#LINE#> @ @ Jost J.T., and Kay A.C., Social justice: History, theory, and research. In S.T. Fiske, D. Gilbert, and G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbookofsocialpsychology 5th edition, 2, 1122-1165, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, (2010) @No $ @ @ Solomon Robert C. and Murphy Mark C., What Is Justice? Classic and Contemporary Readings (Second Edition), New York: Oxford University Press, (2000) @No $ @ @ Vivekanand Jha, Caste, Untouchability and Social Justice: Early North Indian Perspective, Social Scientist, 25(11),19-30, (1997) @No $ @ @ Bakshi P.M., Constitution of India, New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing, (2010) @No $ @ @ Krishna Iyar, B.R. Ambedkar Centenary, Social Justice and the Undone vast Justice, Delhi: B.R Publication, (1991) @No $ @ @ Bell L.A., Theoretical foundations for social justice education. In M. Adams, L. A. Bell, and P. Griffin (Eds.), Teaching for diversity and social justice, 3–15, New York, NY: Routledge, (1997) @No $ @ @ Jha G.M., Trehan S., Rao G., Vishwanath B., Sarin R. and Monga A., Mandal Commission: Equity and Liberty, International Research Journal of Social Sciences,2(6),35-38, (2013) @No $ @ @ Miller D., Principles of social justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, (1999) @No $ @ @ District Census Handbook, Villupuram, New Delhi: Census of India (2001) @No $ @ @ More J. B. P., Hindu Christian Interaction in Pondicherry, 1700- 1900. Contributions to Indian Sociology, 32(1), 1 97-121, (1998) @No $ @ @ The Hindu, Monday, March 10, Chennai Edition (2008) @No $ @ @ The Hindu, Monday, May 30, Chennai Edition (2010) @No $ @ @ Senapati Tushar Kanti, Human Rights and Dalits in India: A Sociological Analysis, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 3(3), 36-40, (2014) @No $ @ @ Clarke, Sathianathan, Conversion to Christianity in Tamil Nadu: Conscious and Constitute Community Mobilization towards a Different Symbolic World Vision, In Rowena Robinson and Sathianathan Clarke (Eds.), Religious Conversion in India: Modes, Motivations, And Meanings, Delhi: Oxford University Publication, (2007) @No $ @ @ Das Suranjan, Health culture of Scheduled caste: A Case Study of Patni in Cachar District of Assam, International Research Journal of Social Sciences,2(12), 35-41 (2013) @No $ @ @ Surendrasingh, Dr. Ambedkar Contribution to Social Justice, Edt. By Prof. M. Shabbir, Jaipur: Rawat Publication, (2005) @No $ @ @ Mohamed Shabbir, Ambedkar on Law, Constitution and social Justice, Jaipur: Rawat Publication, (2005) @No <#LINE#>Foreign Policy Failures and Successes: Comparative Analysis of India and Pakistan<#LINE#>Ahmad@Tooba<#LINE#>71-74<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-299.pdf<#LINE#> Humanities COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari-Pakistan <#LINE#>22/11/2014<#LINE#>23/1/2015<#LINE#> The International political system is a process of definition of various and multiple colors that flow within and under a flagship of a state. States, are not only rational actors, but are rather entities that mark their strategies and objectives through a codification of foreign policy goals and objectives. A foreign policy is a strong determinant that marks the states, position, capability and credibility with other states, in the region and in the International Community. The significance of analyzing this determinant to be as a failure or success being the by-product of states, is to make us realize the limitations, stakes and transitional impacts that are related with this one determinant. The study lays emphasis on four basic factors as a measuring scale of a comparative analysis between Indian and Pakistani foreign policies. Although a complex task, the study depicts a major fault at part of states while formulating the nature of foreign policies within a correlation or causal relationship that with the factors and the objectives set. How, two states that emerged on the face of the earth together are two different stories is a remarkable finding which can be redeemed and found a remedy off if only states realize, accept and comply with the standards that help create these foreign policy trajectories. <#LINE#> @ @ Policy, F. The failed states index, Foreign Policy, 149,56-65 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gojree, U.M. Foreign Policy of India towards China: Principles and Perspectives, International Research Journal of Social Sciences,3(9), 50-58 (2014) @No $ @ @ Hunt, M. H. Ideology and US foreign policy, Yale University Press, (2009) @No $ @ @ Jönsson K., Unity-in-Diversity? Regional Identity Building in Southeast Asia: Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University, (2008) @No $ @ @ Mitra S.K., War and Peace in South Asia: a revisionist view of India-Pakistan relations, Contemporary South Asia, 10(3), 361-379. (2001) @No $ @ @ Amin S.M., Pakistan's foreign policy: a reappraisal: Oxford University Press Oxford. (2000) @No $ @ @ Flanagan R.J., Were communists good human capitalists? The case of the Czech Republic, Labour Economics, 5(3),295-312 (1998) @No $ @ @ Gat A., The return of authoritarian great powers, Foreign Affairs, 59-69, (2007) @No $ @ @ Gardezi H.N., The Post-Colonial State in South Asia: The Case of Pakistan, Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 5(2), 1-7 (1985) @No $ @ @ Zubair M., Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism in Pakistan, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(6), 20-23 (2013) @No $ @ @ Momani B., The IMF, the US War on Terrorism, and Pakistan, Asian Affairs: An American Review, 31(1), 41-51 (2004) @No $ @ @ Hussain T., US-Pakistan Engagement: The War on Terrorism and Beyond (Vol. 31): United States Institute of Peace. (2005) @No $ @ @ Gregory S., The ISI and the War on Terrorism, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 30(12), 1013-1031 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kamrava M. Military Professionalization and CivilMilitary Relations in the Middle East, Political Science Quarterly, 115(1), 67-92 (2000) @No $ @ @ Sewak M., Multi-Track Diplomacy between India and Pakistan: A Conceptual Framework for Sustainable Security (Vol. 30): Manohar Publishers, (2005) @No $ @ @ Talbott S., Engaging India: Diplomacy, democracy, and the bomb: Brookings Institution Press, (2010) @No $ @ @ Papanek G.F. et.al., Baldwin R.E. and Khan A.H., Market or Government: Lessons from a Comparative Analysis of the Experience of Pakistan and India [with Comments], The Pakistan Development Review, 601-646 (1991) @No $ @ @ Kearney A. and Policy F., Globalisation Index, Foreign Policy, 6, 74-81 (2006) @No <#LINE#>Economic Development and Rights in Tajikistan<#LINE#>Pal,Lal JI <#LINE#>75-78<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-309.pdf<#LINE#> Centre for Russian and Central Asian studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, INDIA<#LINE#>6/12/2014<#LINE#>15/2/2015<#LINE#> In this article economic development has been explained through the level of poverty, health facilities, education, economic growth and effort taken by Tajikistan government. Article also identifies the emergence of the rights to the people in the Tajikistan in history. How the economic development is helping rights in the context of accessibility? The study seeks to identify the rights which evolved during the Soviet period. After the disintegration of Soviet Union Tajikistan adopted liberal-democratic model for the development of the country. Under the Constitution of Tajikistan political, economic and socio-cultural rights were made available to the people for development. The study further elaborates the various rights available in the Constitution both in theory and as well as in practice. In this study historical, descriptive and analytical method were used. <#LINE#> @ @ Hammarskjold, Dag, What Now: Another Development, the 1975 Dag Hammarskjold Report on Development and International Cooperation: Prepared on the Occasion of the Seventh Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly, The Dag Hammarskjold Centre, New York (1975) @No $ @ @ Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe (1994) @No $ @ @ (http://amcu.gki.tj/eng/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=73) @No $ @ @ World Data Bank, World Development Indicators-IBRD-ADB annual report (2014) https://dataworldbank. orgdataviews /report /tableview.aspx @No $ @ @ Discussion Paper, Economic Development, External Stocks and Food Security in Tajikistan, International Food Policy research Institute(2012) @No $ @ @ Fact Sheet for Asian Development Bank $Tajikistan (2014) www.adb.org/data/statistics @No $ @ @ Turaeva, O Madina, Lessons from the Crises: Economic Policy Mistakes in Tajikistan, Translated by David Parkar, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and Regional Competence Building for Think Tanks in the South Caucasus and Central Asia, Tajikistan (2012) @No $ @ @ Regulation of Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan, Living Standard Improvement Strategy of the Tajikistan for 2013-2015, Dushanbe (2013) @No $ @ @ Badan, Phool, Dynamics of Political Development in Central Asia, Delhi: Lancers Books (2001) @No $ @ @ Anderson, John, Constitutional Development in Central Asia, Central Asian Survey, 16(3), 301-320 (1997) @No $ @ @ Freedom House Report (2014) https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations_transit/2014/tajikistan#.VNty_VRtx_U. @No <#LINE#>Sunni Militants in Iran: Activities, Ideological Sources and Political Strategies<#LINE#>Hoshang@Noraiee<#LINE#>79-87<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-331.pdf<#LINE#> Hoshang Noraiee Taught International Political Economy-University of Westminster, London, UNITED KINGDOM<#LINE#>27/12/2014<#LINE#>31/1/2015<#LINE#> In this article the activities, ideological and strategic characters of militant Sunni groups in Southeast Iran will be investigated. It will be argued that their ability to survive and their capacity for popularity and action, to a large extent, is associated with strong sense of alienation among the Sunnis in the area, as well as their ethnic and religious networks which exist across borders. These factors have strengthened their positions in the wake of turbulent conditions in adjacent countries, particularly in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The militant groups in the area are not homogeneous and vary from quietists and ethnic-religious nationalists to sectarian and global-oriented Jihadists. Nearly all these militants in the marginal corner of Southeast Iran have adopted a strong anti-Shia approach, which was influenced politically and ideologically by radical Deobandis as well as Wahabbis and Salafists. Their strategies have shifted overtime but mostly focused on near enemy. With serious threats imposed by ISIS along western borders, the Shia regime in Iran has become more aware of the dimension of problems in Southeast Iran, particularly the area of Sistan and Baluchistan<#LINE#> @ @ Younesi A., Doulat Natawanest be aqqalyathay-e qawmi wa mazhabi ostandari wa vazarat bedahad [The Government could not offer Ministerial and Provincial Governorship to the Religious and Ethnic Minorities]. BBC Persia. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk /persian/iran/2013/12/ 131204_l39_younesi_minorities_appointments.shtml. Accessed 13 August 2014 (2013) @No $ @ @ Noraiee H., Is ISIS a threat to the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript in preparation, (2014) @No $ @ @ Hegghammer T., Jihadi-Salafi or revolutionaries? On religion and politics in the study of militant Islamism. In R. Meijer (Ed.), Global Salafism; Islam's new religious movement 244-266. 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Available from: http://sunni.rr.nu/fa/articles.aspx?selected_article_no=12815 Accessed 29 December 2010 (2010) @No $ @ @ Narui K., Sokhanguy-e jondollah pardeh az moameleh penhany-e dastigiri-e Rigi bardasht [Jondollah’s spokeperson revealed the secret deals about arrest of Rigi]. Available from: http://taftan313.blogspot.co.uk/2010/03/ blog-post_08.html. Accessed 10 January 2013 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kohlmann E., NEFA Foundation: New Zawahiri audio - From Kabul to Mogadishu, [Blog post], Available from: http://counterterrorismblog.org/2009/02/nefa_foundation_new_zawahiri_a.php. Accessed 10 October 2011 (2009) @No $ @ @ Perry M., False flag, Foreign policy Available from http://foreignpolicy.com/2012/01/13/false-flag/. Accessed 4 September 2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mojahed. Jundallah military commander Maulvi Abdul Jalil to convey the message to testify Qanbar Zahi [Blog post]. Available from: http://m0jahed.wordpress.com/ 2012/03/29/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85-% D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85% DB%8C-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9% 84%D9% 84%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AE% D8% B5% D9%88%D8%B5-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B4/ Accessed 10 October 2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sunni News, Bayniy-e Ealane mojodyat-e Jaish al-Husain (raz) dar Baluchistan. [Statement declaring the existence of Jaish al-Hussain (RA) in Baluchistan], Sunni-News. Available from: http://sunninews.org/FA/articles.aspx? selected_article_no=19288. Accessed 2 October 2012 (2011) @No $ @ @ Ansar Fighters Movement. Harkat-e Ansar-e Iran [Blog]. Available from: http://ansariran.blogspot.co.uk/, Accessed 2 October 2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jundollah, Jundallah's Matyrs, Available from: http://shohada111.blogspot.co.uk/. Accessed 10 January 2013 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ansar Fighters Movement, Shaheed Hamza [Photograph]. Available from: http://ansariran.blogspot.co.uk/ 2012/10 /blog-post_561.html. 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(2012, September 21), One of the regime's mercenaries killed by Mujahideen, [Blog post]. Available from: http://ssiran.wordpress.com/ 2012/09/. Accessed 2 October 2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ BBC. Torror-e emam Jomaeh Rask dar ostan-e sistan wa Baluchistan Terror imams of Friday prayers Rask in Sistan and Baluchestan, BBC News Persia. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/iran/2012/01/120121_l31_sunni_rask_terror_imam.shtml. Accessed 10 December 2014 (2012) @No $ @ @ BBC. Na Arami dar shahr-e Rask-e ostan-e Sistan wa Baluchistan, Unrest in Rask City of Sistan and Baluchestan, BBC News Persia. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk /persian/iran/2012/05/120516_l39_rask_baluchestan_unrest.shtml. Accessed 15 December 2014 (2012) @No $ @ @ Noraiee H., Jadal-e bain-e Jaish-adl wa Jaishe nasr: jihad baray-e koda, jihad baray-e mellat, jihad baray-e qodrat [Disputed between Jaish-e Adl and Jaisjh-e Nsr: Jihad for God, jihad for the nation, jihad for power] Available from: http://www.taptan.com/. Accessed 15 December 2014 (2014) @No $ @ @ Jaishe al-Adl, Elamye sazeman-e Jaish al-Adl; shahdat-e Abdulrauf Rigi ra be khanawadeh an amir-e bozrguar wa mellat-e baluchistan we ahle-sonnat-e azi tasliat miguim Announcement of Jaishe al-Adl organisation. We express our condolences regarding martyrdom of Abdulrauf Rigi to this honourable amir’s family, Baluchistan’s nation and respected Sunnis, [Blog post], Retrieved 15 November 2014, from http://edaalatnews.blogspot.co.uk/ 28August (2014) @No @Review Paper <#LINE#>Changing Equations of India-Pakistan Relations: Unresolved Kashmir Dispute as a Decider Factor <#LINE#>Sandeep@Singh,Amanpreet@Kaur,A mandeep @Singh <#LINE#>88-95<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJSS-2014-320.pdf<#LINE#>, Kaur Amanpreet and Singh Amandeep Centre for South and Central Asian Studies, School of Global Relations, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, INDIA <#LINE#>15/12/2014<#LINE#>24/1/2015<#LINE#> Since the independence and violent partition of two South Asian countries India and Pakistan in 1947, relations between these two have been inflexible, conflictual, distrustful and very risky political stand off in global context in general and in South Asia particular. Moreover, both are closest and bordering neighbors with close literary, social and cultural bonds but remained at great distance from each other. It is doubtless that there are many reasons and factors behind such turbulence situations and unstabilized political environment but Kashmir issue remains the primary factor and problematic for the development of two nations. However, India and Pakistan have always been caught in enduring conflicts, but in recent time, there are certain changes took place due to the change in the leadership and misadventures/infiltration/proxy war in Kashmir valley as their relations seem to be bitterer than ever before which give the space to international organizations to intervene in their disputes and state of affairs. In such situation, Kashmir is being seen as decider factor to Indo-Pak relations. In such context, this paper is an attempt to touch various issues especially Kashmir dispute between these two nations including the understanding of changing nature of their relations for many years while highlighting the role of external powers which would contribute to the transitory nature of their dynamic relations to draw analytical inferences. It also tries to explore the future of Indo-Pak relations while examining attempts made in the direction to normalize their relations. <#LINE#> @ @ Metcalf Barbara D. and Thomas R. Metcalf, A Concise Histiroy of Modern India (2nd edition), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (2006) @No $ @ @ McLeod Duncan, India and Pakistan: Friends, Rivals or Enemies. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Limited, (2008) @No $ @ @ Fadia B.L., Indian Government and Politics, Agra: Shitya Bhawan, (2011) @No $ @ @ Iyer Lakshmi, The Long-term Impact of Colonial Rule: Evidence from India. http://www.econ.yale.edu /conference/neudc03/papers/6c-iyer.pdf. 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