@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Determinants of FDI in South Asia<#LINE#>G.M.@Jha,A.@Agrawal,A.@Gupta,A.K.@Mishra<#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-063.pdf<#LINE#> BITS Pilani K. K. Birla Goa Campus, NH 17/B, Zuarinagar, Goa, INDIA<#LINE#>08/12/2012<#LINE#>12/12/2012<#LINE#>  Since the early 90s the countries of South Asia have embarked upon a process of reform and liberalization to open up their economies to foreign investment. Foreign direct investment is seen as a very important parameter in accelerating the process of growth and development in these developing economies and hence, is an important priority for the governments of these nations. A series of initiatives have been undertaken by these countries over the last 20 years to increase the inflow of FDI. But it’s very important to understand the precise set of policy measures that can create maximum and help these countries in achieving their goals. This report analyses the determinants of FDI in South Asia. Six countries – India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Maldives were studied and GDP, Direct Investment, Trade Openness, Real Effective Exchange Rate, Interest Rate and Labour are the parameters taken into consideration. The time period of the study is 1990 to 2010. The econometric results show that Trade Openness, GDP and Direct Investment have a positive impact on FDI whereas Labour had a negative influence. These results can be justified by studying the political and economic developments over the past 20 years. Therefore, if the countries of South Asia want to continue to attract FDI they should focus on bolstering the GDP, strengthening the level of direct investment to improve the infrastructure available and focus on increasing trade openness wherever possible <#LINE#> @ @ Sahoo Pravakar, Foreign Direct Investment in South Asia: Policy, Trends, Impact and Determinants ADB Institute Discussion Paper, 56 (2006) @No $ @ @ Chaturvedi Ila, Role of FDI in Economic Development of India: Sectoral Analysis, International Conference on Technology and Business Management(2011) @No $ @ @ Patil Jayashree – Dake, Analysis of FDI inflows in India, International Journal of Research in Commerce and Management, 2(1) (2012) @No $ @ @ Basudev Sharma Poudel, Promoting Foreign Investment in Nepal: Prospects and Challenges, Ministry of Finance, Nepal (2012) @No $ @ @ Muhammad Arshad Khan and Shujaat Ali Khan, Foreign Direct Investment And Economic Growth In Pakistan: A Sectoral Analysis, Pakistan Institute Of Development Economics Working Papers, 67 (2011) @No $ @ @ Thomas J. Lindblad, Foreign Investment in Southeast Asia in Historical Perspective, Asian Economic Journal,11(1), 61-80 (1997) @No $ @ @ Sirari Arjun Singh and Bohra Narendra Singh, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) In India Service Sector (A Study Of Post Liberalization), International Journal of Economics and Research, 2(2), 10-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mohd. Shamim Ansari and Ranga Mukesh, India’s Foreign Direct Investment: Current Status, Issues And Policy Recommendations, UTMS Journal of Economics, 1(2), 1-16 (2010) @No $ @ @ Singh Kulwindar, Foreign Direct Investment in India: A Critical Analysis of FDI from 1991-2005, The IUP Journal of Public Finance, 4(3), 69-89 (2006) @No $ @ @ Athreye Suma and Kapur Sandeep, Private Foreign Investment In IndiaThe World Economy, 24(3), 399-424 (2001) @No $ @ @ Pami and A.I. Rasheed, Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Activity in India, Indian Economic Review, 33(2), 153-168 (1998) @No $ @ @ Foreign Direct Investment In Southeast Asia: Experience And Future Policy Implications For Developing Countries Report of UNIDO-United Nations Industrial Development Organization Expert Group Meeting (2005) @No $ @ @ Kumar Nagesh, Liberalisation and Changing Patterns of Foreign Direct Investments: Has India's Relative Attractiveness as a Host of FDI Improved?Economic and Political Weekly, 33(22), 1321-1329 (1998) @No $ @ @ Luiz de Mello, 1997. "Foreign direct investment in developing countries and growth: A selective survey," The Journal of Development Studies, 34(1), 1-34 (1997) @No $ @ @ OECD Proceedings, Foreign Direct Investment And Recovery In Southeast Asia, Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development Publishing (1999) @No $ @ @ Aggarwal Aradhna, Regional Economic Integration and FDI in South Asia: Prospects and Problems, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations(2008) @No $ @ @ P.P.A Wasantha Athukorala, The Impact Of Foreign Direct Investment For Economic Growth: A Case Study In Sri Lanka, 9th International Conference On Sri Lanka Studies, 92 (2003) @No $ @ @ Srinivasan P., Kalaivani M. and Ibrahim P., FDI and Economic Growth in the ASEAN Countries: Evidence from Cointegration Approach and Causality Test, Journal of Management Research, 9(1), 38-63 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sharma Kishor, Export Growth In India: Has FDI Played A Role?, Economic Growth Center Yale University, Center Discussion Paper No. 816 (2000) @No $ @ @ Rizvi Syed Kumail Abbas et al, Inflation Targeting as a Plausible Monetary Framework for India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(12), 74-78 (2012) @No $ @ @ Safdari Mehdi and Ramzan Gholami Avati, Investigating the Asymmetric Effects of Government Spending on Economic Growth, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(5), 51-58 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mirza Nawazish and Saeed Mawal Sara, Time Varying Stock Market Volatility: The Case of an Emerging Market, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(11), 41-46 (2012) @No $ @ @ Aggarwal Vijender et al, Micro Finance and Risk Management for Poor in India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2), 104-107 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mehrdad Zarenejad, Investigating the Elasticity of Supply and Demand for Rice Export in Iran, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(10), 12-18 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Explaining Changing Trust Trends in America<#LINE#>April K.@Clark,Michael@Clark,Daniel@Monzin<#LINE#>7-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-076.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Political Science, Purdue University-Calumet, Indiana, UNITED STATES @ Department of Political Science, Northern Illinois University, Illinois, UNITED STATES @ Res. Asst., Dept. of Political Science, Purdue University-Calumet, Indiana, UNITED STATES<#LINE#>24/12/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>It is understood that high levels of generalized trust are necessary for a well-functioning democracy. Since the mid-1980s, however, trust in America has declined dramatically and has not returned to the same levels since. What explains this trend?  We use two approaches to explain changing attitudes toward trust in others using data from the NORC General Social Surveys. First, we conduct age-period-cohort (A-P-C) analyses showing that generational replacement is having a negative impact on trust levels. That is, more trusting generations of Americans have been dying and being replaced by younger, less trusting Americans. Second, we pool cross-sectional survey data to model declining trust, and we show how trust in others is influenced by individual factors, and how these patterns change over time. <#LINE#> @ @ Putnam R.D., Bowling alone: America’s declining social capital, Journal of Democracy,6, 65–78 (1995) @No $ @ @ Putnam R.D, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Simon and Schuster, New York (2000) @No $ @ @ Smith T.W., Factors relating to misanthropy in contemporary American society, Social Science Research,26, 170–196 (1997) @No $ @ @ Rahn W.M. and Transue J.E., Social trust and value change: The decline of social capital in American youth, 1976–1995, Political Psychology19, 545–565 (1998) @No $ @ @ Brehm J., and Rahn W., Individual-level evidence for the causes and consequences of social capital, American Journal of Political Science41, 999–1023 (1997) @No $ @ @ Paxton Pamela, Trust in Decline?, Contexts,4(1), 40-45(2005) @No $ @ @ Fukuyama F., Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity, Free Press, New York (1995) @No $ @ @ Inglehart Ronald, Trust, well-being and democracy, in Warren, Mark E. (ed.) Democracy and Trust, Cambridge University Press, 88-120 (1999) @No $ @ @ Patterson Orlando, Liberty against the democratic state: on the historical and contemporary sources of American distrust, in Mark E. Warren (ed.) Democracy and Trust, Cambridge University Press (1999) @No $ @ @ Uslaner Eric M., The Moral Foundations of Trust, New York, Cambridge University Press (2002) @No $ @ @ Delhey, Jan and Kenneth Newton. Who Trusts? The Origins of Social Trust in Seven Nations, European Societies,5(2), 93-137 (2002) @No $ @ @ Yamagishi Toshio and Yamagishi Midori, Trust and commitment in the United States and Japan, Motivation and Emotion, 18(2), 129-66 (1994) @No $ @ @ Uslaner Eric M., Producing and Consuming Trust, Political Science Quarterly, 115, 569-590 (2000) @No $ @ @ Alesina A. and E. La Ferrara, Who trusts others?, Journal of Public Economics, 85, 207-234 (2002) @No $ @ @ Shaleva Anna., How Does External Conflict Impact Social Trust? Evidence from the 9/11 Attacks as a Natural Experiment in the US (2011) Available at SSRN: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1769023 (2011) @No $ @ @ Zak P. and S. Knack, Trust and Growth, Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, 111(470), 295-321 (2001) @No $ @ @ Rotter J.B. Interpersonal trust, trustworthiness, and gullibility, American Psychologist,35, 1–7 (1980) @No $ @ @ Robinson Robert V. and Elton F. Jackson, Is Trust in Other Declining in America? An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis, Social Science Research,30, 117-145 (2001) @No $ @ @ Kramer R.M., The sinister attribution error: Paranoid cognition and collective distrust in organizations,Motivation and Emotion,18, 199-230 (1994) @No $ @ @ Clark April K. and Marie Eisenstein, Interpersonal Trust: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis Revisited. Social Science Research Available at: http:/ /dx.doi.org /10.1016 /j.ssresearch.2012.09.006 (2012) @No $ @ @ Taylor Paul, Cary Funk and April K. Clark, Americans and Social Trust: Who, Where and Why? Pew Research Center, Social and Demographic Trends Report available online: http://pewsocialtrends.org/pubs/414/americans-and-social-trust-who-where-and-why (2007) @No $ @ @ Mannheim Karl, The problem of generations. In The new pilgrims, ed. Philip G. Altbach and Robert S. Laufer, Reprint, New York: David McKay, 101-37 ([1928] 1972) @No $ @ @ Jennings M. Kent and Richard G. Niemi, Generations and Politics: A Panel Study of Young Adults and Their Parents.  Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 118-123 (1981) @No $ @ @ Glaeser E., Laibson D., Scheinkman J. and Soutter C., What is social capital? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 65, 811-846 (2000) @No $ @ @ Uslaner Eric M., Daphna Canetti-Nisim and Ami Pedahzur, Terrorism and Trust: Sustained Violence and the Social Fabric in Israel (paper presented for the Midwest Political Science Association) (2005) @No
<#LINE#>Parallel Education System: A Micro-Level Study of Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>Chandra Kanta@Das<#LINE#>14-17<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-069.pdf<#LINE#>Raghunathganj High School, Raghunathganj, Murshidabad, West Bengal, INDIA<#LINE#>23/12/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2013<#LINE#>  Education is the basic empowerment tool for the weaker section of society. Infrastructural development of the schools is getting maximum priority under the financial assistance from different schemes. But, the quality of education in the different Govt. aided schools is degraded. As a result of this the parallel education system likeprivate schools and private tuitions are getting priority in the society of West Bengal. This parallel system is trying to collapse the school education system. The present research article brings the ground truth reality about the emergence of the parallel education system from the point of view of Murshidabad district in West Bengal. <#LINE#> @ @ Kundu S.K., Regional Disparities of Primary Educational Facilities in Murshidabad District of West Bengal, India: Some Findings, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2( 8), 81-90 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rana K., Das S., Sengupta S. and Rafique A., State of Primary Education in West Bengal, Economic & Political Weekly, May 31 (2003) @No $ @ @ Pritchett L. and Pande V., Making Primary Education Work for India’s Rural Poor: A Proposal for Effective Decentralization,Social Development Papers, South Asia Series, Social Development Department, World Bank, USA, (2006) @No $ @ @ Gupta R., Factors Underlying Marks in Madhyamik Examination of West Bengal, Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology,  32(2), 99-10 (2006) @No $ @ @ Sachar R., Social, Economic and Educational Status of the Muslim Community of India- A Report, Prime Minister’s High Level Committee, Cabinet Secretariat, Government of India (2006) @No $ @ @ Selected Educational Statistics: 2003-04, Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India, Obtained from Bureau of Applied Economics and Statistics, Kolkata, 66 (2006) @No $ @ @ Basumatary R.,School Dropout across Indian States and UTs: An Econometric Study, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 1(4), 28-35 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Assessing the Economic Impact of Water Pollution - A Case Study of Musi River Hyderabad, India<#LINE#>Pullaiah@Cheepi<#LINE#>18-23<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-066.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Economics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, INDIA<#LINE#>20/12/2012<#LINE#>10/1/2013<#LINE#>  The Millennium Development Goals measure ‘access to improved drinking water using an indicator that defines access as the presence of an improved water source within 1 kilometer of a person’s dwelling. Water Pollution is one of the major problems in the urban and peri-urban areas in the world; it shows the positive and negative effect on the environment as well as human. The main source of pollution of the river is untreated or partially treated domestic and industrial wastewater from the urban area of Hyderabad. This paper mainly focuses on the four villages under Musi river downstream villages namely pratapa singaram, Enkiryala, surapally and Aroor among these four villages. Here I am using two sets of questioners one is household and second village questioner and ten persent of the random sampling in each village. The people spend more income on buying of fresh water. In Pratapa Singaram the annual expenditure is Rs.1,08,000/-, Enkiryala is Rs. 7,79,640/-, Surapally is Rs. 6,33,600/- and Aroor is Rs. 16,92,000, total water expenditure  in the selected villages is Rs./- 32,30,000, in this selected villages most of the households were daily engaged on fetching of water from various locations of the nearby villages, the income pattern of the selected villages were indicate that their income spend more on buying fresh water this shows that the negative impact on the downstream villages people income. <#LINE#> @ @ United Nations World Water Development Report(2003) @No $ @ @ http://www.export.gov.il/uploadfiles/02_2012/indiawater.pdf Avalon Global Research, Water and Waste Water Treatment Opportunity in India, An Overview (2011) @No $ @ @ Charmes J., A Review of Empirical Evidence on Time Use in Africa from UNSponsored Surveys. In Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa (WorldBank Working Paper No. 73), ed. C.M. Blackden and Q. Wodon, 39-72. WashingtonD.C., The World Bank (2006) @No $ @ @ Iven S., Does Increased Water Access Empower Women? Development, 51, 63-67 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hadjer, K., T. Klein., M. Schopp., Water consumption embedded in its social context, north-western Benin. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 30, 357-64 (2005) @No $ @ @ Blackden C.M., Q. Wodon., Gender., Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank Working Paper No. 73, Washington D.C.: The World Bank Boulder, CO: Westview Press (2006) @No $ @ @ Sujatha T., Shatrugna V., Vidyasagar P., Begum N., Padmavathy N.S., Reddy G.C.K. and Rao. G.V.N.  Timed activity studies for assessing the energy expenditure of women from an urban slum in South India. In Food and Nutrition Bulletin 24(2), 193-99(2003) @No $ @ @ Dufant A., Women Carrying Water: How it affects Their Health. Waterlines 6(3), 23-25 (1988) @No $ @ @ Pullaiah cheepi “Impact of pollution of Musi River Water in Down Stream Villages-A Study”. Unpublished Ph.D Thesis submitted to Department of Economics, Osmania University, Hyderabad India (2009) @No
@Research Article
<#LINE#>Contemporary Agriculture Issues from Dakshina Kannada: A Field View<#LINE#>Ashwini@Shannikodi<#LINE#>24-28<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-078.pdf<#LINE#>  School of Social Work, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, INDIA<#LINE#>27/12/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>  This paper was written as a part of my PhD dissertation on the Karnataka Organic Farming Policy implemented by the Government of Karnataka in 2004, were I have interfaced between the policy- project and narrated the existing constraints of the development project in village level. A village is a powerful idea for analysis in social science discipline, as it gives the researcher an opportunity to explore the socio-economic, political, cultural dynamics of the society. It brings out the interconnected and intra-connected dynamics between the communities, social structure and peripheries of the communities. The villages have their own historical, cultural narratives and they create an interesting 'field' for an anthropological enquiry for exploring the agrarian society. Through an ethnography approach, I try to narrate the existing contemporary agriculture issues in Dakshina Kannada. The explorative study tries to understand the agriculture issues of Bettadka village in Dakshina Kannada district and reflects on development and agriculture from the region. <#LINE#> @ @ Census 'Dakshina Kannada district' retrieved from http://www. census2011.co.in/census/district/ 252-dakshina-kannada.html on December 15 2012 (2011) @No $ @ @ Government of Karnataka 'Karnataka Human Development Report - 2005', Planning and Statistics Department, Bangalore (2006) @No $ @ @ Damle C.B., Land Reforms and Changing Agrarian Relations, Rawat Publications, Jaipur (1993) @No $ @ @ The Hindu, 'Concerns over decline in paddy cultivation' retrieved from http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/concern-over-decline-in-paddy cultivation/article634977.ece?css=print  on December 18 2012 (2010) @No
<#LINE#>Women Desertees: Post-Desertion Problems<#LINE#>Renuka E.@Asagi,Dr S.A.@Kazi<#LINE#>29-33<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-055.pdf<#LINE#>Department of MSW Karnataka State Women’s University Bijapur, Karnataka, INDIA @ Dept. of Social Work and dean of Social sciences, Karnataka State Women’s University Bijapur, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>25/10/2012<#LINE#>2/11/2012<#LINE#>  The aim of this paper is to highlight and analyze the post-desertion problems that the women desertees encounter after desertion. to be specific, the objectives were : to know the accommodation pattern of desertees and their financial problems, to know their attitude towards remarriage; to know the problems of mothers with regard to raising children; to know the public attitudes towards women desertees and to know whether working  women are exploited at the work place. The data were collected of by interviewing a sample of 400 women desertees refected from all over the district .the data revealed that 55 and 45 percents stayed with their parents and kins and in rented houses, respectively Most of the respondents were poor. They were working as labourers.it was observed that except 25 percent, 30 and 45 percents of them had indifferent and unfavourable attitude towards remarriage. Raising of children was a big problem. Women deserties were looked down upon bye the public and were sexually exploited by the contraitors, supervisors and owners of households. In short, the post-desertion of status of the respondents is poor, low and humiliations.  <#LINE#> @ @ Fonseca, Counselling for Marital Happiness, Bombay: Mantakal (1966) @No $ @ @ Mehta R., Divorced Hindu Women, Vikas: New Delhi (1975) @No $ @ @ Choudhary J.N., Divorce in Indian Society, Jaipur: Printwell (1988) @No $ @ @ Srinivasan Vidya, Deserted Wives in the Slums of Madras City – A Pilot Study, The Indian Journal of Social Work, 48, 287-295 (1987) @No $ @ @ Kulkarni S. and Sneha Bhat, Issues and Concerns of Deserted women in Maharashtra, EWP Vol. XLV No. 38 (2010) @No $ @ @ Singh G and S.Gill, Problems of Widowhood, The Indian Journal of Social Work 47, 67-71 (1986) @No $ @ @ Lerner SH, Effects of Desertion on Family Life Social Case Work, 3-8 (1954) @No $ @ @ Ivan F. Nye and F.M. Berado, The Family: Its Structure and Function, McMillan Publishing Company Inc., New York  (1973) @No $ @ @ Shyamala Pappu,  Welfare of Deserted, Separated and Divorced Women, Encyclopedia of Social Work in India, New Delhi, Government of India (1967) @No $ @ @ Bharat Shalini Single-parent Families – Conseqences for Single-Parents, The Indian Journal of Social Work, 49,227-238 (1988) @No $ @ @ Kumari R., Women-headed Households in Rural India, New Delhi: Radian (1989) @No $ @ @ Leela D. Satya, Women-headed Families Problems, Coping Patterns, Support System and Some Related Policy Matters” in Shalini Bharat (ed) Research on Families with Problems in India, TISS, Bombay, 1, 88-102 (1991) @No $ @ @ Nagesh H.K. and Katti A.P., A Socioeconomic Study of Widows in Northern Karnataka in HV Nagesh, PS Nair and AP Katti (eds) Widowhood in India, Dharwad: SDME Trust and Janata Shikshana Samiti(1988) @No $ @ @ Pothen S., Divorce: Its Causes and Consequences in Hindu Society, New Delhi: Shakti Books (1986) @No $ @ @ Baber Ray E., Marriage and the Family, New York: McGraw Hill (1953) @No $ @ @ Locke J.H. and Klausner W., Adjustment of the Divorced in Later Marriages, in Readings in Marriage and the Family, (ed) by Landis and Landis (1952) @No $ @ @ Aushotosh Mukherjee, Marriage, Separation and Divorce, Calcutta: Sarkar (1988) @No $ @ @ Thomes M.M., Children with Absent Fathers, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 89-96 (1968) @No $ @ @ Davis K., Human Society, McGraw Hill (1964) @No $ @ @ Ogburn W.F. and Nimkoff M.F., Technology and the Changing Family, Boston: Houghton Miffin Company (1955) @No $ @ @ Thakur J., A Sociological Study of Divorce: Its Causes and Consequences with Special Reference to Gulbarga District, unpublished Thesis, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-Karnataka (2010) @No $ @ @ Choudhary J.N. Children in Single Parent Families: in (Eds) Sushma Sood and J.N.Choudhary, Marriage, Family and Socialization, Jaipur, Arihant (1994) @No $ @ @ Amato P.R. and B. Keith, Separation from a Parent during Childhood and Adult Socioeconomic Attainment, social Forces, 70, 187-206 (1991) @No $ @ @ Hetherington E.M., M. Cox and R. Cox, Achievement and Intellectual Functioning in Children in One-parent Households” in Janet T. Spencer (eds), Achievement and Achievement Motives, San Francisco, WH Freeman (1983) @No $ @ @ Amato P.R., Single Parent Families in India and the United States, in Sood and Choudhary (ed), Marriage, Family and Socialization, Jaipur, Arihant. (1992) @No
<#LINE#>Domestic Violence against Women: An Analysis<#LINE#>R.H.@Waghamode,Bhavana@Desai,J.L.@Kalyan<#LINE#>34-37<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-077.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Criminology and Forensic Science, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>  Violence against women is partly a result of gender relations that assumes men to be superior to women. Given the subordinate status of women, much of gender violence is considered normal and enjoys social sanction. Violence includes physical aggression, sexual abuse, and psychological violence. In extreme, but not unknown cases, death is the result. These expressions of violence take place in a man-woman relationship within the family, state and society. , the problem of violence against women is a result of a long standing power imbalance between men and women. This is not a present problem rather it has its deep roots inserted since few decades. The government and voluntary organizations are making efforts towards ending violence against women which will be impossible if a common man is not supportive.  This paper is an overview about domestic violence and here we have made an attempt to analyze the statistical data on violence against women. <#LINE#> @ @ Wahed Tania and Bhuiya Abbas, Battered Bodies and Shattered Minds: Violence against Women in Bangladesh’, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 126, 341-354 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sheela Saravanan, Violence against Women in India, Institute of Social Studies Trust, 1-7, 53-64 (2000) @No $ @ @ Heise Pitanguy and Germain Violence against Women: The Hidden Health Burden, World Bank Discussion Paper. Washington. D.C. The World Bank (1994) @No $ @ @ Karlekar M., Domestic Violence, Economic and Political Weekly, 33(27), 1741-1751 (1998) @No $ @ @ Kalyan J.L., Violence against Women an Analytical Approach, South Asian Journal of Human Rights, 7, 47-52, (2011) @No $ @ @ UNICEF, ‘Domestic Violence Against Women And Girls’ (Internet), Available from www.unicef-irc.org/ publications/pdf/digest6e.pdf @No $ @ @ National Crime Records Bureau, Crime in India, Available from www.ncrb.nic.in(2011) @No $ @ @ Gundappa. A and Dr. Rathod. P. B, Vioence aginst Women in India: Preventive Measures, Indian Streans Research Journal, 2(IV), (2012) @No $ @ @ Shambhu. Ghatak, Violence against Women in India (Internet). Available from www conversationsforabetterworld.com accessed 11.22.2012 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ahuja. R, Crime against Women, Rawat Publications, Jaipur, (1987) @No
<#LINE#>Juvenile Justice - A Hard Look<#LINE#>D.@Haveripeth Prakash<#LINE#>38-40<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJSS-2012-067.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Criminology and Forensic Science, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad, Karnatak, INDIA<#LINE#>21/12/2012<#LINE#>9/1/2013<#LINE#>  Juvenile Justice in India is governed by the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000. It is a successor to the Juvenile Justice Act, 1986 and has been enacted to correct glaring loopholes that were a characteristic feature of its predecessor, through entirely not without failings of its own. These statutes have been enacted in the recent past with not even a time gap of a quarter of a century as against present times. This chapter explores the situation of juvenile justice in India. The paper focuses on the issue of age determination – possibly the biggest loophole when it comes to misusing the statute that was legislated with the intent of being child friendly and the objective of meeting the requirements of conventions on the rights of the child. <#LINE#> @ @ Sharma R.N., Criminology and Penology, Surjeet Publications, New Delhi, 80 (2008) @No $ @ @ Witerdyk A. John., Juvenile Justice System: International Perspectives, 266, (2004) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Juvenile Justice Act, 1986’ and The juvenile Justice (Care and protection) Act, 2000’ Publication Division, New Delhi (2000) @No $ @ @ Government of India (The Apprentices) Act, 1850’ Publication division, New Delhi (1850) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Indian Penal code (1860) Publication division New Delhi, section 82, 83, (1860) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Reformatory School Act, Publication division New Delhi (1876) @No $ @ @ Madras Children Act, (1920), Bengal Children Act, (1922) Bombay Children Act (1924) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Children Act, (1960) Publication division New Delhi (1960) @No $ @ @ Andenwalla, Mahrukh, Child and Protection and Juvenile Justice System: for Juvenile in conflict with Law, Children India Foundation (2006) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Juvenile Justice (care and Protection of children) Act, Publication division, New Delhi (2000) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Indian Penal code, Publication division, New Delhi. Section 82 and 83, (1860) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘The Juvenile Justice (care and Protection of children) Act, (2000), Publication division, New Delhi. Section 49(1), (2000) @No $ @ @ Government of India, ‘Supreme Court cases’, In Jaya mala V. Hom  Secretary, (2010)  Bhoop Ram V. state of UP case, (1989)Babloo Passi and V. state of Jharkhand, (2010)In Umesh Chandra. V. state of Rajastan, (2005) Arnit Das V. state of Bihar (2000) @No $ @ @ Government of India,  ‘Supreme Court cases’,  Bhoop Ram V. state of Up, (1989)and Arnit Das V. state of Bihar (2000) @No