@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Empowering Employment in Aurangabad District of Bihar (India): A Policy approach through MSMEs<#LINE#>Rahul @Kumar,Rajni Kant @Ojha,Pritam @Kumar <#LINE#>1-8<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJSS-2025-015.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Economic Studies and Policy, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya- 824236, Bihar, India@Department of Economic Studies and Policy, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya- 824236, Bihar, India@Department of Economic Studies and Policy, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya- 824236, Bihar, India<#LINE#>1/8/2025<#LINE#>21/9/2025<#LINE#>The role of MSMEs is vital when it comes to employment determination and Its impact on overall employment. This research examines the extent of job creation in Aurangabad District through Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The primary focus of this work is to determine whether MSMEs genuinely play a critical role in job creation. The district industry centre of Aurangabad's official website served as the study's primary secondary data source. For this study, employment is considered a dependent variable; the explanatory variables are investment and the number of registered units. Time-series data from 1984 to 2018 are used. Cointegration, Error Correction Mechanism (ECM), and the Engel-Granger Cointegration test are utilised as econometric tools. This study provides a trend analysis of MSMEs and elaborates on how small and medium-sized enterprises can continue to create jobs in the Aurangabad district of Bihar. The study also satisfies the need to explore the labour relations of MSME enterprises in developing economies like India. Policy proposals aim to augment the contribution of MSMEs to employment by enhancing access to capital, advancing infrastructure development, and implementing skill training programs. Streamlining corporate procedures and fostering digital adoption are recommended to enhance business convenience and ensure sustainable development.<#LINE#>Rajeevan, N., Sulphey, M. M., & Rajasekar, S. (2015).@The critical role of micro, small & medium enterprises in employment generation: An Indian experience.@Asian Social Science, 11(24), 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ ass.v11n24p258@Yes$Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A. & Levine, R. (2005).@SMEs, Growth, and Poverty: Cross-Country Evidence.@J Econ Growth, 10, 199–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-005-3533-5@Yes$Shelly, R., Sharma, T., & Bawa, S. S. (2020).@Role of micro, small, and medium enterprises in the Indian economy.@International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 10(5), 84. https://doi.org/10.32479/ ijefi.10459@Yes$Ministry of MSME, Government of India (2022).@Annual report 2021.@Development Commissioner.@No$Ahmed, A., & Verma, N. M. P. (2018).@An analysis of growth and performance of MSMEs in Jammu and Kashmir.@Advance and Innovative Research, 93.@Yes$Ministry of Finance, Government of Bihar. (2021).@Bihar economy survey 2021–22.@@No$Ministry of MSMEs, Government of India. (2018).@Bihar State Industrial Profile 2018–19.@MSMEs Development Institute.@No$Prakash, B. (2019).@Growth and performance of micro, small and medium enterprises in India: A case study of Bihar.@Growth.@Yes$Ministry of MSMEs, Government of India. (2019).@District profile Aurangabad 2019–20.@MSMEs Development Institute.@No$Prasad, C. S. (2004).@Small and medium enterprises in global perspective: Employment generation and WTO vision 2012.@New Century Publications.@Yes$Deijl, C., de Kok, J., & Veldhuis-Van Essen, C. (2013).@Is small still beautiful? Literature review of recent empirical evidence on the contribution of SMEs to employment creation.@Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).@Yes$Birch, D. L. (1979).@The job generation process (Vol. 302).@Cambridge, MA: MIT Program on Neighborhood and Regional Change.@Yes$Liedholm, C., & Mead, D. C. (1987).@Small-scale industries in developing countries: Empirical evidence and policy implications.@No. 1094-2016-88092.@Yes$Bharti, R. K. (1978).@Industrial estates in developing economies.@National.@Yes$Aremu, M. A., & Adeyemi, S. L. (2011).@Small and medium scale enterprises as a survival strategy for employment generation in Nigeria.@Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(1), 200.@Yes$Brown, C., Hamilton, J. T., & Medoff, J. L. (1990).@Employers large and small.@Harvard University Press.@Yes$Smallbone, D. (1998).@SME, employment generation, and regional development.@In Global local interplay in the Baltic Sea region (Papers from the 5th International Nordic-Baltic Conference, Pamu, 1998).@No$Little, I. M. (1987).@Small manufacturing enterprises in developing countries.@The World Bank Economic Review, 1(2), 203–235.https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/1.2.203@Yes$Biggs, T., Ramachandran, V., & Shah, M. K. (1998).@The determinants of enterprise growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from the Regional Program on Enterprise Development.@World Bank RPED Discussion Paper, 103, 283–300.@Yes$Decker, R., Haltiwanger, J., Jarmin, R., & Miranda, J. (2014).@The role of entrepreneurship in US job creation and economic dynamism.@Journal of Economic Perspectives, 28(3), 3–24.DOI: 10.1257/jep.28.3.3@Yes$Smallbone, D., Piasecki, B., Venesaar, U., Todorov, K., & Labrianidis, L. (1998).@Internationalisation and SME development in transition economies: An international comparison.@Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006800@Yes$Ayyagari, M., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Maksimovic, V. (2011).@Small vs. young firms across the world: Contribution to employment, job creation, and growth.@World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (5631).@Yes$IFC. (2013).@IFC jobs study: Assessing private sector contributions to job creation and poverty reduction.@International Finance Corporation.@No$ILO. (2013).@Global employment trends 2013: Recovering from a second jobs dip.@International Labour Organization.@No$Greene, W. H. (2003).@Econometric analysis.@Pearson Education India.@Yes$Wooldridge, J. M. (2013).@Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (5th ed.).@South-Western Cengage Learning.@Yes$Engle, R. F., & Granger, C. W. (1987).@Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing.@Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 251–276.https://doi.org/10.2307/1913236@Yes$NITI Aayog. (2023).@Electricity access in rural India: Annual report.@Retrieved from https://niti.gov.in/rural-electricity-2023.@No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Regional Puppetry traditions for Social development in India and their role in Folklore preservation<#LINE#>Rishabh @Bhardwaj,Debjani @Chakraborty,Roopinderjit @Kaur,Deepika @Rawat <#LINE#>9-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJSS-2025-011.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Journalism and Mass Communication, YS College, Barnala, Punjab, India@Dept. of Journalism and Mass Communication, YS College, Barnala, Punjab, India@YS College, Barnala, Punjab, India@Dept. of Journalism and Mass Communication, Tula’s Institute, Dehradun, India<#LINE#>29/5/2025<#LINE#>17/8/2025<#LINE#>Puppetry has been an integral part of India's rich cultural heritage, serving as both a form of entertainment and a medium for social communication. Various regional puppetry traditions, such as Kathputli of Rajasthan, Tholu Bommalata of Andhra Pradesh, Bommalattam of Tamil Nadu, and Putul Nach of West Bengal, have played a crucial role in addressing social issues, educating communities, and preserving folklore. This study explores how traditional puppetry has been utilized as a tool for social development in India, particularly in promoting literacy, health awareness, and social reform. Moreover, puppetry serves as a living archive of folklore, passing down myths, legends, and moral narratives from generation to generation. By blending storytelling, music, and visual artistry, regional puppetry forms help sustain cultural identity and reinforce moral values. However, with the rise of digital media and modern entertainment, traditional puppetry faces challenges in maintaining its relevance. This research examines the efforts being made to revitalize puppetry, including government initiatives, NGO interventions, and digital adaptations. By analyzing the role of regional puppetry traditions in both social development and folklore preservation, this study highlights the importance of sustaining these traditional art forms as powerful tools for education, cultural continuity, and community engagement.<#LINE#>Baird, B. (1973).@The art of the puppet.@Macmillan Publishing.@No$Majaron, E. (2000).@Puppetry in education and therapy.@UNIMA International Puppetry Journal, 4, 12–17.@No$Pandey, A. (2017).@Puppetry as a means of communication in rural India.@Journal of Rural Studies, 6(2), 45–52.@No$Slater, M. (2012).@The power of puppetry in communication.@Media and Arts Research Journal, 10(3), 89–97.@No$Anindita, R. (2017).@Puppetry in India: A traditional art form in modern times.@National Book Trust.@No$Rangarajan, M. (2011).@Environmental education through puppetry: A case study from Andhra Pradesh.@Indian Journal of Environmental Studies, 18(2), 101–108.@No$Seltman, C. (1982).@Women and performance in Indian puppetry.@Gender and Culture, 7(4), 201–213.@No$Chattopadhyay, A. (2017).@Theatre of shadows: Indian puppetry traditions.@Seagull Books.@No$River, M. (2021).@Performing the environment: Puppetry and ecological storytelling.@Performance Research, 26(5), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/13528165.2021.1980229@No$McLachlan, C., Fleer, M., & Edwards, S. (2009).@Early childhood curriculum: Planning, assessment and implementation.@Cambridge University Press.@No$Moula, Z. (2021).@Puppetry for children@British Journal of Social Work, 51(2), 600–617. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcaa 010@No$Jasim, H. (2017).@The effect of storytelling on English language learners.@International Journal of Humanities and Social Science.@No$Boulton, M. (2010).@Teaching through storytelling.@Teaching & Teacher Education, 26(8), 1734–1742.@No$Simon, S., Naylor, S., Keogh, B., Maloney, J., & Downing, B. (2008).@Puppets promoting engagement and talk in science.@International Journal of Science Education, 30(9), 1229–1248.@Yes$Roshanzadeh, M., Zadeh, M. M., & Mohammadi, H. (2020).@The effect of puppetry on preoperative anxiety in children: A clinical trial.@Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 51, e74–e79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.01.003.@No
<#LINE#>Crime against Women in India: A Study of Barrier to Empowerment and SDGs Progress<#LINE#>Abhishek @Bhagra <#LINE#>14-19<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJSS-2025-012.pdf<#LINE#>Research Scholar, Department of Sociology & Social work, H.P. University, Shimla- 5, HP, India<#LINE#>1/6/2025<#LINE#>29/7/2025<#LINE#>The increasing crime and violence against women in India is a matter of grave concern. Women's violence is not just a problem of the present society but has a history that spans centuries. Women have historically faced many sorts of oppression and exploitation. However, in the present times, this problem is becoming more complex and severe. The increasing violence against women in Indian society presents a horrifying scenario. The violence against women is seen in various forms and situations. The world is leading in technical breakthroughs, luxurious life and others the proportion of eve teasing, sexual assault, gang rape, murder after rape and other crime against women is also increasing. Rape and brutal murders have become very common nowadays. Dowry deaths, battering, bride burning, cyber crimes and other forms of violence have become part of daily life in modern Indian society. Criminal acts targeting women has significantly increased in independent India. The parallel growth in criminality against women is impeding the country's social, political and economic advancement. The paper argues that the growing crime against women in India represents a major obstacle to their empowerment and hinders progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).<#LINE#>Gajjar, N. B. (2017).@Women empowerment in India: Issues and challenges.@International Journal of Research in All Subjects in Multi Languages, 5(12), 6–10.@No$Sama, A. A. (2017).@Women empowerment: Issues and challenges.@The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 4(3), 149–161.@No$Baijal, N., & Alam, M. (2017).@A study of issues and challenges of women empowerment in India.@The Creative Launcher: An International, Peer Reviewed, Refereed, E-Journal in English, 2(1), 75–83.@Yes$Mangoli, R. N., & Tarase, G. G. (2009).@Crime against women in India: A statistical review.@International Journal of Criminology and Sociological Theory, 2(2), 292–302.@Yes$Golden, D. M. (2004).@It’s not all in my head: The harm of rape and the Prison Litigation Reforms Act.@Cardozo Women’s Law Journal, 11(1), 37–60.@Yes$Janaki, M. C., & Manikanta, T. (2014).@Crime against women – A qualitative analysis.@International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 3(12), 213–223.@Yes$Pratibha, L. (2017).@A study on issues and challenges of women empowerment in India.@Global Journal of Research Analysis, 6(9), 138–140.@Yes$Sama, A. A. (2017).@Women empowerment: Issues and challenges.@The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 4(3), 149–161.@Yes$Rani, S. (2021).@Women empowerment in India: Issues and challenges.@International Journal of Economics, Finance and Sustainable Development, 3(1), 75–84.@Yes$Singh, S., & Antra, S. (2020).@Women empowerment in India: A critical analysis.@Tathapi – UGC Care Journal, 19(44), 227–253.@Yes$World Health Organization (2014).@Global status report on violence prevention 2014.@Geneva: World Health Organization.@Yes$United Nations (2015).@Violence against women.@In The world’s women (Chapter 6). New York, NY: United Nations.@Yes$Goel, A. (2004).@Violence and protective measures for women development and empowerment.@New Delhi: Deep and Deep Publications.@No$Cruz, A., & Klinger, S. (2011).@Gender-based violence in the world: Overview and selected annotated bibliography (Working Paper 3/2011).@Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Organization.@Yes$Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India (2016).@India year book.@New Delhi, India.@No$Dwivedi, N., & Sachdeva, S. (2019).@Gender-based violence in New Delhi, India: Forecast based on secondary data analysis.@Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 25(4), 262–268.@Yes$Heise, L. (1994).@Violence against women: The hidden health burden (World Bank Discussion Paper).@Washington, DC: World Bank. Modified by the Congressional Research Service.@Yes$Ghooi, R. B., & Deshpande, S. R. (2013).@Violence against women in India: A case for research in tackling the menace. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256065 223@undefined@No$Lolayekar, A. P., Desouza, S., & Mukhopadhyay, P. (2022).@Crimes against women in India: A district-level analysis (1991–2011).@Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37, NP7289–NP7314. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520 934426@Yes$Kumar, S., & Kuncharam, S. R. (2020).@Determinants of women empowerment responsible for reducing crime against women in India.@Violence and Gender, 7(4), 182–187.@Yes$Koenig, M. A., Stephenson, R., Ahmed, S., Jejeebhoy, S. J., & Campbell, J. (2006).@Individual and contextual determinants of domestic violence in North India.@American Journal of Public Health, 96(1), 132–138.@Yes$United Nations General Assembly (2015).@Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development.@@Yes$Pooja, B. S., Guddattu, V., & Rao, K. A. (2024).@Crime against women in India: District-level risk estimation using the small area estimation approach.@Frontiers in Public Health, 12, 1362406. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh. 2024.1362406@Yes$United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime & UN Women. (2023).@Gender-related killings of women and girls: Global estimates of female intimate partner/family-related homicides in 2022.@@Yes$World Health Organization (2021).@Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018: Global, regional and national prevalence estimates for intimate partner violence against women and global and regional prevalence estimates for non-partner sexual violence against women.@Geneva, Switzerland.@Yes$International Institute for Population Sciences & ICF. (2021).@National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019–21: India.@@Yes$National Statistical Office. (2019).@Household social consumption on education in India: NSS 75th round (July 2017 – June 2018).@@Yes$World Economic Forum (2024).@Global gender gap report 2024.@Geneva: World Economic Forum.@Yes$National Crime Records Bureau (2020).@Crime in India 2019.@New Delhi: Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.@Yes$Bhattacharyya, A., Haidar, S. K., & Banerjee, S. (2021).@Determinants of crime against women in India: A spatial panel regression analysis.@Millennial Asia, 12(1), 1–31.@Yes$Anjumshaheen, & Dev, K. (2014).@A spatial and temporal analysis of crime against women in India.@Human Rights International Research Journal, 2(1), 322–328.@No$National Crime Records Bureau (2023).@Crime in India 2022: Statistics on crimes against women.@@Yes$Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (2019).@Measures taken by Government to prevent crime against women.@@No
<#LINE#>Development and Outreach of Quality Educational Multimedia Content at IGNOU to Meet the NEP 2020 Goals: Challenges and way forward<#LINE#>Jatinder Jit @Kour,Moumita @Das,K.D. @Prasad <#LINE#>20-26<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJSS-2025-013.pdf<#LINE#>Electronic Media Production Centre, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi-110068, India@National Centre for Innovation in Distance Education, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi-110068, India@Electronic Media Production Centre, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi-110068, India<#LINE#>12/7/2025<#LINE#>9/8/2025<#LINE#>The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), a premier ODL university with a national and international reach, follows a multimedia approach for instruction, which includes Audio-Visual (AV) Aids, and social media. The Electronic Media Production Centre (EMPC) at IGNOU is a Centre which extensively uses digital, satellite and Internet based technologies to produce, deliver and disseminate quality educational content to millions of its learners and the masses. It also designs innovative need-based interventions to meet the new and emerging challenges of the new age learners. This paper reviews the preparedness of EMPC in producing and delivering quality educational multimedia content and enhancing outreach in the changing scenario of educational needs of the learners in the light of the NEP-2020.It analyses and identifies the existing challenges in the way of maximizing access and reach of the audio and video (multimedia) content to the learners. The paper further recommends the new way forward with the vision of realizing the vibrant and immersive ODL ecosystem in the country.<#LINE#>MoE (2022).@National Education Policy.@p 35. https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/ files/ NEP_Final_English_0.pdf.@No$Kour, J. J. (2019).@Usefulness of Teleconferencing for Nursing Distance Students in India.@Asian Journal of Distance Education, 14 (1), 77-87.@Yes$Meyer, Richard E. (2002).@Introduction to Multimedia Learning.@In: The Psychology of Learning and Motivation. Vol 41. Elsevier Science, USA. 85-139.@No$Damani, K. & Mitchell, J. (2020).@Radio: Rapid Evidence Review.@@Yes$Dikshit, H.P.  (2003).@Vice-Chancellor’s Report.@New Delhi: IGNOU.@No$Arulchelvan, S., & Viswanathan, D. (2008).@Radio, Television and the Internet providing the Right to Education in India.@Asian Journal of Distance Education, 6(1), 39-52.@Yes$Chaudhary, S.S., & Bansal, K. (2000).@Interactive radio counselling in Indira Gandhi National Open University.@Journal of Distance Education, 15 (2), 37-51.@Yes$Saglık, A. P. D. M., & Ozturk, A. P. D. S. (2001).@Television as an Educational Technology: Using Television at Open Education Faculty, Anadolu University.@Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 2(1). 74-82.@Yes$Reyna, J., Hanham, J., & Meier, P. (2018).@The Internet explosion, digital media principles and implications to communicate effectively in the digital space.@E-Learning and Digital Media, 15(1), 36-52.@Yes$Zachos, G., Paraskevopoulou-Kollia, E.-A., & Anagnostopoulos, I. (2018).@Social Media Use in Higher Education: A Review.@Education Sciences, 8(4), 194.@Yes$IGNOU 2021.@Annual Report.@New Delhi: IGNOU.@No$IGNOU 2022.@Annual Report.@New Delhi: IGNOU.@No$Garg, S.C. and Sharma, R. C. 2005.@Educational Media Strategy at Indira Gandhi National Open University, India.@In: Usha V. Reddi and Sanjaya Mishra, Editors Perspectives on Distance Education.  Educational Media in Asia. 125-136.@Yes$EMPC 2024.@New Initiatives.@@No$Roy, M., and Ghosh, C. K. (2013).@Electronic Media Learning Materials of Indira Gandhi National Open University, India: An Analytical Study.@Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 14 (4), 210-221.@Yes$Ashuni, K. (2024).@Digital divide in the Digital Age – A qualitative study of distance learners of IGNOU.@Asian Journal of Distance Education, 19(2), 168-186.@Yes$Ayyagari, R. (2017).@Effectiveness of video teleconferencing in distance teaching learning_ A comparative study of IGNOU and BRAOU.@PhD Thesis.@No$Kour, J, J. (2019).@Impact of Information and Communication Technologies ICTs on Students Learning in IGNOU.@PhD Thesis.@No
<#LINE#>Development of Social Sciences and its Trajectory of Convolutions: An Assessment<#LINE#>Nahida Begum @N. <#LINE#>27-34<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJSS-2025-018.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Political Science, Maharani Womens’ Arts, Commerce and Management College, Sheshadri Road, Bangalore-560001, Karnataka, India<#LINE#>6/9/2025<#LINE#>30/9/2025<#LINE#>Social sciences are intensely entrenched in our society and institutions. They investigate the behaviour of human beings in all its respects. It is due to the contributions made by the social sciences to the society that it’s been feasible for the governments of the day to comprehend the behaviour of man and his demands. The myriad methods devised by the social scientists have provided immense assistance to the countries to address the plethora of predicaments facing humanity. This paper focuses on the impact the social sciences have cast on the development of man and his society. It highlights the various reports associated with social sciences and throws light on the challenges confronting social sciences that comprise of procedural, theoretical and infrastructural. The innumerable challenges it is grappled with required to be addressed instantaneously. An impetus for the development of social sciences is the need of the hour as this kind of an enhanced contribution would undeniably assist the government in formulating better policies and comprehend peoples’ predicaments and address them on time.<#LINE#>World Social Science Report (1999).@UNESCO Publishing.@@Yes$Christakis Nicholas A (2012).@A New Kind of Social Science for the 21st Century”.@www.edge.org@No$Yadav Bupendra (2006).@Wither the Social Sciences.@Economic and Political Weekly, 41(36), 3845-3848.@Yes$Chalam K. S (2002).@Rethinking Social Sciences.@Economic and Political Weekly, 37(10), 921-922.@No$World Social Science Report (2010).@Knowledge Divides.@International Social Science Council, UNESCO Publishing.@Yes$World Social Science Report (2013).@Changing Global Environments.@International Social Science Council, UNESCO Publishing.@Yes$World Social Science Report (2016).@Challenges to inequality: Pathways to just world.@UNESCO Publishing.@Yes$Mukherjee Aditya (2013).@Challenges to the Social Sciences in the 21st Century: Some Perspectives from the South.@Economic and Political Weekly, VOL XLVIII NO 37.@Yes$Stewart Jenny (2010).@The Sad Fate of the Social Sciences.@Australian Quarterl: Australian Institute of Policy and Science. 4-8@Yes$Singh Yogendra (2106).@Changing Discourses in Social Sciences: Relevance of Radhakamal Mukherjee.@Sociological Bulletin, 65(1), 3-18.@Yes$Open Learn (2021).@Facing the challenges in the social sciences.@https://www.open.edu/openlearn/society-politics -law/sociology/the-social-social-science/content-section-2.1 accessed on 02-08-2021@Yes$Loewenstein, G., Musante, K., & Tucker, J. A. (2019).@Future directions in social science a workshop on the emergence of problem-based interdisciplinary.@Virginia Tech Applied Research Corporation.@Yes$Johnson Carol, Mackie Vera and Suzuki Tessa Morris (2105).@The Social Sciences in the Asian Century.@Beyond Divisions and Towards Internationalism: Social Sciences by Sujata Patel: ANU Press.@Yes