@Research Paper
<#LINE#>A Study on Physical, Socio-Economic and Cultural Status of Tatinapara Village in Labpur Community Development Block of Birbhum District in WB, India<#LINE#>Kartick Chandra @Mandal <#LINE#>1-10<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJSS-2022-005.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Education, Netaji Subhas Open University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>8/2/2022<#LINE#>9/7/2023<#LINE#>Physical and Socio-Economic  development in an area is a multi-dimensional component in a society  .Physical and socio-economic development is controlled by many factors such as income level, educational level, physical condition, health condition, demographic characteristics, etc. This research paper concentrated on Physical, Socio-economic and Cultural status of Tatinapara Village in Labpur Community Development Block of Birbhum District in West Bengal, India. The main objective of the present work is to find out the actual physical socio-economic and cultural status of the village area through different aspects and determine the problem of the village and recommend some solutions to overcome the obstacles. The method of the study is based on field survey that is both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Primary database for the research work have been collected from door to door field survey with the help of pre-planned questionnaire and the secondary data has been collected from various authentic sources. After collecting the data  it has been analyzed and interpreted  through the proper way according to the needful. The results found that the economic condition of the village is satisfactory. 85% of the total population is below poverty level and can fulfill their basic needs. The social and cultural status of the village is good according to the study but the educational profile of Tatinapara Village is also satisfactory but Development is going on. In this research paper besides finding out the physical socio-economic and cultural status of Tatinapara Village some recommendations has been shown to get rid of the present problems. The study concluded that conciseness of the villagers about own problems and proper use of natural resources in sustainable way is the main push factor of development in rural areas.<#LINE#>Razali, N. M., & Rashid, M. F. (2021).@A framework for incorporating the global environment of rural community.@In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science,  Vol. 881, No. 1, p. 012057. IOP Publishing.@Yes$Islam, M., & Mustaquim, M. D. (2014).@Socio-Economic Status of Rural Population: An Income Level Analysis.@Asian academic research Journal of multidisciplinary, 1(24), 99-106.@Yes$Ismail, M., & Mustaquim, M. (2013).@Socio-Economic Profile of Bhairabpur Village in Malda District, West Bengal.@International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 3(11), 27.@Yes$Debbarma R. & Khare N. (2021).@An overview on Socio-economic status of Gomati District, Tripura, India.@Akshar Wangmay, 9(Special Issue-1), 30-36.@No$Mustaquim, M. & Islam, M. (2014).@Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Inhabitants of Udaypur Village, Malda District, West Bengal.@Indian Streams Research Journal, 4(1), 1-13.@Yes$Government of West Bengal (Year-2007-2011) (2011).@District Statistical Hand Book.@retrieved from  http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook@No$Census of India (2011).@District Census Hand book Birbhum.@Series 20, Part XII A. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, Retrieved 14 February 2022.@No$Government of West Bengal (2009).@District Human Development Report, Birbhum.@retrieved from  http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Human%20Development%20Report@No$Saha B. (2015).@Socio Economic Status of Bengutia Village, Birbhum District.@International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 4(12), 49-52.@No$Report (2019).@District Survey Report of Birbhum District, West Bengal@Prepared by RSB Green Development & Laboratories Pvt. Ltd.@No$Report (2021).@Series, A. I. R. T. India Meteorological department, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India.@@No$Barman, N. (2017).@Socio-Economic Prospect of Jagrarpar Part–II Village in Dhubri District, Assam–A Case Study.@International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 4(1), 468-472.@Yes$Hajiya G., Yeshodha L. & Suresh Babu S. (2019).@Socio-Economic Status of Kothagodapalli Panchayat, Hosur block, Krishnagiri district, Tamilnadu. (Case study).@International Journal of Engineering Development and Research, 7(1). 485-490.@No
<#LINE#>Exploring the contribution of Community Radio to improvement of Sanitation in Wa Municipality, Ghana<#LINE#>Lydia @Fordjour,Kwabena @Badu-Yeboah,Africanus Lewil @Diedong <#LINE#>11-18<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJSS-2022-025.pdf<#LINE#>C/o New Times Corporation, Ghana, Ring Road West Industrial Area, P. O. Box 2638, Accra, Ghana@Department of Governance and Development Management, SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, P. O. Box WA 64, Wa, Ghana@SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, Department of Communication Studies, P. O. Box WA 64, Wa, Ghana<#LINE#>22/11/2022<#LINE#>6/5/2023<#LINE#>The study explores the contribution of Radio Progress to improvement of sanitation in Wa Municipality in Ghana. Through a qualitative research approach, three communities were sampled for the study: Kagu, Dandafuri and Mangu. Data collection instruments used were face-to-interviews, focus group discussions and observations. The study examined the nature of collaboration between Radio Progress and its stakeholders on sanitation issues in Wa Municipality. The study revealed that the involvement of community members in the production of sanitation programmes in Radio Progress’s sanitation broadcast is quite low. It was found that community members’ inability to appreciate the outcome of sanitation broadcast was because of their limited involvement in the issues discussed. The study concludes that Radio Progress needs to adhere to the tenet of participation by ensuring that inputs of stakeholders are integrated in sanitation programmes to create the expected improvement of sanitationin targeted communities.<#LINE#>GSS (2021).@Ghana 2021 Population and Housing Census General Report: Volume 3M. Accra: Ghana Statistical Service.@@Yes$Kosoe, E. A. & Osumanu, I. K. (2018).@Entertaining risks to health: the state of human faecal matter management in Wa, Ghana.@Ghana Journal of Development Studies, 15(1), 151.@Yes$Musa, E. (2015).@Addressing Open Defecation Sanitation Problem: The case of Dry Toilet Implementation in the WA Municipality, Ghana.@@Yes$Mansour, G., & Esseku, H. (2017).@Situation analysis of the urban sanitation sector in Ghana.@Urban Sanitation Research Initiative Ghana: Accra, Ghana, 3(1), 33-49.@Yes$Ahmed, A. (1998).@National communication campaign on sanitation of Bangladesh.@24th WEDC Conference. Bangladesh.@Yes$Mtimde, L. (2000).@Sustainability for Community Radio.@A paper presented at the Namibia Community Broadcasting Conference.@Yes$Jennings, V. E. & Weideman, V. (2015).@Community Radio Sustainability, Policies and Funding.@UN: UNESCO; Section for Media Development and Society.@No$World Bank. (2011).@The World Bank.@Retrieved April 29, 2022, from The World Bank: https://www.worldbank. org/en/news/feature/2011/01/03/as-ghana-grows-demand-for-water-follows@No$Osumanu, I. K., Kosoe, E. A., & Ategeeng, F. (2019).@Determinants of open defecation in the Wa municipality of Ghana: empirical findings highlighting sociocultural and economic dynamics among households.@Journal of environmental and public health.@Yes$Wellington, N. L., Larbi, E., & Appiah, J. (2011).@Innovative approaches to implementing CLTS in an urban setting: Successful lessons from piloting the approach in a small town of Lekpongunor in the Dangme West District of Ghana.@In 22nd Mole Conference, Accra, Ghana.@Yes$Oduro, Y. A. (2015).@Analysis of Sanitation Promotion Strategies of Kaneshie Market Complex, Accra.@MPhil Thesis.@Yes$Amadu, M. F., & Alhassan, A. (2018).@Community radio in rural development in Northeastern Ghana: the experiences of radio Gaakii in the Saboba district.@International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 7(5), 1-12.@Yes$Rogers, E. M. (2003).@Diffusion of innovations/everett m. rogers.@NY: Simon and Schuster, 576.@Yes$Greenhalgh, T., Robert, G., Macfarlane, F., Bate, P., Kyriakidou, O., & Peacock, R. (2005).@Storylines of research in diffusion of innovation: a meta-narrative approach to systematic review.@Social science & medicine, 61(2), 417-430.@Yes$Seeger, H. (2018).@Diffusion of Innovations and public communication campaigns: An examination of the 4R nutrient stewardship program.@Illinois State University.@Yes$Hickling, S., & Bevan, J. (2010).@Scaling up CLTS in sub-Saharan Africa.@Tales of shit: Community-Led Total Sanitation in Africa, 61.@Yes$Kar, K., & Chambers, R. (2008).@Handbook on community-led total sanitation.@@Yes$Plsek, P. E., & Greenhalgh, T. (2001).@The challenge of complexity in health care.@Bmj, 323(7313), 625-628.@Yes$Giesler, M. (2012).@How doppelgänger brand images influence the market creation process: Longitudinal insights from the rise of botox cosmetic.@Journal of Marketing, 76(6), 55-68.@Yes$Diedong, A. L., & Naaikuur, L. (2012).@Ghana@Global Media Journal-African Edition, 6(2), 123-147.@Yes$Muñiz, S. (2010).@Participatory development communication: between rhetoric and reality.@Glocal times (15).@Yes$Inagaki, N. (Ed.). (2007).@Communicating the impact of communication for development: Recent trends in empirical research.@@Yes$Mhagama, P. (2015).@Donor funding to community radio stations in Malawi and its impact on their performance.@Journal of Southern African Studies, 41(6), 1301-1314.@Yes$Okunna, C. (1995).@Small participatory media technology as an agent of social change in Nigeria: a non-existent option?.@Media Culture Society, 17, 615-627.@Yes$Holland, J. and Blackburn, J. (1998).@Whose Voice? Participatory Research and Policy Change.@Rugby: Practical Action Publishing.@Yes$Mosse, D. (2005).@Global governance and the ethnography of international aid.@The aid effect: Giving and governing in international development, 1-36.@Yes$Bessette, G. (2004).@Involving the community: A guide to participatory development communication.@Idrc.@Yes$Muchire, P. W. (2014).@The Role of Participatory Communication in Water, sanitation and Hygiene (Wash): a Case Study of Community Led Total Sanitation (Clts) Approach in Kaptembwo and Kwa Rhoda Settlements in Nakuru (Doctoral dissertation).@@Yes$Nabembezi, D., Nabunya, H., Abaliwano, J., & Ddamulira, D. (2007).@Harnessing the power of community radio broadcasting to promote accountability, transparency, and responsiveness of water, sanitation and hygiene service provision in Uganda.@@Yes$WSUP, Water (2018).@Smart enforcement of sanitation by-laws in Ghana: Policy Brief.@Accra.@No$Gordon, J. (2016).@How community broadcasting is funded: a useful resource for community broadcasters.@@Yes$Ribot, J. C., & Peluso, N. L. (2003).@A theory of access.@Rural sociology, 68(2), 153-181.@Yes$Fraser, C., & Restrepo-Estrada, S. (2002).@Community radio for change and development.@Development, 45(4), 69-73.@Yes$Faisal, A. M., & Alhassan, A. (2018).@Community access and participation in community radio broadcast: Case of Radio Gaakii, Ghana.@Journal of Development and Communication Studies, 5(2), 85-102.@Yes$Malik, K. K., & Bandelli, D. (2012).@Community Radio and Gender-Towards an Inclusive Public Sphere.@In Brisbane: India Media Symposium: Public Spheres, the Media & Social Change.@Yes$Dixit, A. (2008).@Communication is Incomplete without Feedback.@Indore Institute of Law, 2(1), 2581-2590.@Yes$Akpabli, K. (2020) (edited).@Plenty talk dey 4 Ghana. Radio eye plural broadcastin & democracy.@Accra: Anansesem Publications.@No$Naaikuur, L. (2020).@Exploring the contributions of community radio to local governance in Wenchi Municipality, Ghana.@@Yes$Alumuku, P. T. (2006).@Community radio for development: The world and Africa.@Paulines.@Yes$Fox, J. (2019).@Community radio@Springer.@Yes
<#LINE#>The incidence and management of jaundice in newborns in FMC, Ovom Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria<#LINE#>Fente @A.E.,Aduema @W. <#LINE#>19-22<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-020.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Human Physiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria@Department of Human Physiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria<#LINE#>20/8/2023<#LINE#>26/9/2023<#LINE#>Neonatal jaundice is one of the occurring things that give rise to the number of deaths and the unhealthy state among newborns in underdeveloped nations that require urgent intervention to reduce its burden. The aim of the study therefore was to determine incidence of newborn jaundice among infant child in Federal Medical Centre, Ovom Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. A descriptive retrospective study design was used to collate data from case files for more than four year period (2009-2012). SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data collated. Result indicated an incidence of 10.2% over the study period with highest incidence in 2011(13.0%) and the least incidence in 2009 (5.2%). Photo therapies with chemotherapy (47.0%) were the commonest means of management while exchange blood transfusion alone (1.2%) was the least form of management. Management outcome was successful in 71.7% of cases while 4.1% of the babies died. The need for mothers to ensure urgent antenatal and postnatal care and immediate intervention following observation of jaundice in a neonate was emphasized.<#LINE#>Berk, D.P. and Korenblat, M.K. (2007).@Cecil Textbook of Medicine.@23rd Edition, pp.233-245.@Yes$Chime, H. E., Egenede, J. A., & Arute, J. E. (2012).@Prevalence of neonatal jaundice on central hospital, Warri, delta state, Nigeria.@International journal of health research, 4(4), 123-126.@Yes$Ezechukwu, C. C., Ugochukwu, E. F., Egbuonu, I., & Chukwuka, J. O. (2004).@Risk factors for neonatal mortality in a regional tertiary hospital in Nigeria.@Nigerian Journal of clinical practice, 7(2), 50-52.@Yes$Wang, M., Hays, T., Ambruso, D. R., Silliman, C. C., & Dickey, W. C. (2005).@Hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by a high titer anti‐group B IgG from a group A mother.@Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 45(6), 861-862.@Yes$Slusher, T. M., Angyo, I. A., Bode-Thomas, F., Akor, F., Pam, S. D., Adetunji, A. A., ... & Stevenson, D. K. (2004).@Transcutaneous bilirubin measurements and serum total bilirubin levels in indigenous African infants.@Pediatrics, 113(6), 1636-1641.@Yes$Zabeen, B., Nahar, J., Nabi, N., Baki, A., Tayyeb, S., Azad, K., & Nahar, N. (2010).@Risk factors and outcome of neonatal jaundice in a tertiary hospital.@Ibrahim Medical College Journal, 4(2), 70-73.@Yes$Haque, K. M., & Rahman, M. (2000).@An unusual case of ABO-haemolytic disease of the newborn.@Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin, 26(2), 61-64.@Yes$Fu C., Luo S., Li Q., Xie B., Yang Q., Geng G. & Fan X. (2018).@Newborn screening of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Guangxi, China: determination of optimal cutoff value to identify heterozygous female neonates.@Scientific reports, 8(1), 833.@Yes$Olusanya, B. O., Akande, A. A., Emokpae, A., & Olowe, S. A. (2009).@Infants with severe neonatal jaundice in Lagos, Nigeria: incidence, correlates and hearing screening outcomes.@Tropical Medicine & International Health, 14(3), 301-310.@Yes$Sarici, S. U., Yurdakök, M., Serdar, M. A., Oran, O., Erdem, G., Tekinalp, G., & Yigit, S. (2002).@An early (sixth-hour) serum bilirubin measurement is useful in predicting the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia and severe ABO hemolytic disease in a selective high-risk population of newborns with ABO incompatibility.@Pediatrics, 109(4), e53-e53.@Yes$Azubuike, J. C., & Nkanginieme, K. E. O. (Eds.). (1999).@Paediatrics and child health in a tropical region.@African Educational Services Nigeria, pp596. ISBN: 9782411760, 9789782411761.@Yes$Ogunlesi, T. A. (2007).@The incidence and outcome of bilirubin encephalopathy in Nigeria: a bi-centre study.@Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 16(4), 354-359.@Yes$Awe, O. O., Olawade, D. B., Afolalu, T. D., Wada, O. Z., & Alabi, D. D. (2021).@Prevalence of Jaundice among Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwestern Nigeria.@Adv Pediatr Neonatol Care.@Yes$Olusanya, B. O., Osibanjo, F. B., Mabogunje, C. A., Slusher, T. M., & Olowe, S. A. (2016).@The burden and management of neonatal jaundice in Nigeria: a scoping review of the literature.@Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 19(1), 1-17.@Yes$Abolurin, O. O., Adekoya, A. O., Ogunlesi, T. A., Ajibola, E. D., Adekanye, T. E., & Adeniran, E. M. (2021).@Pattern of serum bilirubin changes following double volume exchange blood transfusion in neonates at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria.@Pan African Medical Journal, 39(1).@Yes
@Research Article
<#LINE#>An Analysis of the Financial Impact of Covid-19 on the Residents of Kolkata, India<#LINE#>Nilabhra Rohan @Das <#LINE#>23-31<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-007.pdf<#LINE#>19, Raj Krishna Pal Lane, Kolkata – 700075, India<#LINE#>9/4/2023<#LINE#>10/5/2023<#LINE#>As the Corona virus continues to wreak havoc over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs, a rise in unemployment, loss of jobs, and financial instability insurgents a fear of insufficient supply of industrially mass-produced products, and unaffordability as collateral. Must the average middle-class man now reconsider his purchase decisions? Is he successfully obtaining daily essentials and necessities for the same retail price he used to?<#LINE#>He, F. Deng, Y. Li, W. (2020).@Corona disease 2019: What we know?.@Journal of Medical Virology, 92(7), 719-725. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25766.@Yes$Das, G. K. (2020).@Lock Down for Virus Pandemic -Causes and Effects in the Past and Present, Frontier.@@No$Zhang, L. Jackson, C. B. Mou H. et al. (2020).@SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein D614G mutation increases virion spike density and infectivity.@Nature Communications,11 (6013), 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19808-4.@Yes$Utomo, I. H. (2022).@Risks Due to Pandemic and Legal Protection for Customers, AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis, 2(3), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.37481/jmh. v2i3.479@undefined@Yes$Das, G.K. (2021).@Environmental Hazards for Lockdown and Social Distancing in the COVID-19 Crisis.@Indian Science Cruiser, 35 (3), 9-25.@Yes$Das, G.K. (2020).@Tourism in Trouble amid COVID-19 Crisis in West Bengal, Frontier.@@Yes$Das, G.K. (2020).@Corona Crisis: Tale of Sona, Ram, Uttam and others, Frontier.@@No$Zancajo, A. Verger, A. Bolea, P. (2022).@Digitalization and beyond: the effects of Covid-19 on post-pandemic education policy and delivery in Europe.@Policy and Society, 41(1), 111-128. https://doi.org/10.1093/ polsoc/puab016@Yes$Orji, I. J. Ojadi, F. Okawara, U. K. (2022).@The nexus between e-commerce adoption in a health pandemic and firm performance: The role of pandemic response strategies.@Journal of Business Research, 145, 616-635. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010294@Yes$Haktanir, A. Can, N. Seki, T. Kurnaz, M. F. Dilmaç, B. (2022).@Do we experience pandemic fatigue? Current state, predictors, and prevention.@Current Psychology, 41, 7314-7325.@Yes$Clafi, M. B. Hultberg, A. Yams, N. B. (2022).@Post-Pandemic Office Work: Perceived Challenges and Opportunities for a Sustainable Work Environment.@Sustainability, 14(1), 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/su140 10294@Yes$Saha, S. M. Pranty, S. A. Rana, M. J. Islam, M. J. Hossain, M. E. (2022).@Teaching during a pandemic: do university teachers prefer online teaching?.@Heliyon, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08663@Yes$Das, G.K. (2020).@Paddy Sowing and Migrant Labourer in West Bengal, Frontier.@@No$Das, G.K. (2020).@Social Restrictions or Herd Immunity, Frontier.@@No
<#LINE#>In the Shadows of Jihad: Illuminating the Influence of Substance Abuse on Jihadist Behavior<#LINE#>Zohreh @Mehravipour <#LINE#>32-38<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-019.pdf<#LINE#>Voodooliy Publishing House, Isfahan, Iran<#LINE#>16/8/2023<#LINE#>15/9/2023<#LINE#>This topic delves into the profound impact of Terror Management Theory (TMT) on risk behavior, substance abuse, and the emergence of terrorism. TMT posits that individuals grappling with the anxiety of mortality seek avenues to mitigate this unsettling sensation. Consequently, some individuals resort to engaging in risk-taking behaviors, such as substance abuse, and even resorting to acts of terror. Moreover, TMT underscores the significance of cultural worldviews in bolstering self-esteem and diminishing death anxiety. This comprehensive exploration unravels the intricate interplay between TMT, risk behavior, substance abuse, and the intricate web that connects them to terrorism. By delving into these psychological mechanisms, this topic sheds light on the multifaceted nature of human responses to mortality salience and offers insights into potential avenues for psychological intervention and mitigation strategies. Understanding these dynamics holds the key to fostering safer and more resilient societies in the face of these complex challenges.<#LINE#>Herrington, L. (2021). Understanding Islamist terrorism in Europe: Drugs, Jihad, and the pursuit of martyrdom. Routledge.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Iannaccone, L. R. (2006). The market for martyrs. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion, 2(4), 1-28.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Solomon, S., Greenberg, J., & Pyszczynski, T. (1991). A terror management theory of social behavior: The psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 24, pp. 93-159). Academic Press.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods. Oxford university press.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Creswell J. W. (2014). Educational research: planning conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (Fourth edition. Pearson new international). Pearson.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (1986). The causes and consequences of a need for self-esteem: A terror management theory. In Public self and private self (pp. 189-212). New York, NY: Springer New York.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Kastenbaum, R. (2007). Death Anxiety, Encyclopedia of Stress (Second Edition), Academic Press, p. 717–22. ISBN 9780123739476,@undefined@undefined@No$Malinauskaite, I., Slapikas, R., Courvoisier, D., Mach, F., & Gencer, B. (2017). The fear of dying and occurrence of posttraumatic stress symptoms after an acute coronary syndrome: a prospective observational study. Journal of health psychology, 22(2), 208-217.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Burke, B. L., Martens, A., & Faucher, E. H. (2010). Two decades of terror management theory: A meta-analysis of mortality salience research. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(2), 155-195.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Schimel, J., Landau, M., & Hayes, J. (2008). Self‐esteem: A human solution to the problem of death. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(3), 1218-1234.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), 281.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Mehravipour, Z., Shemirani, N., & Mokariyanpour, E. (2018). Endless Smoking; Test of Terror Management Theory and Risk Perceptions on Smoking Behavior. Test of Terror Management Theory and Risk Perceptions on Smoking Behavior (August 28, 2018).@undefined@undefined@Yes$Mehravipour Z, Shemirani N. (2019). Impact of drought on human attitudes; Terror Management Theory on Studying Drought. International Research Journal of Social Sciences. ISSN 2319–3565 [Internet].@undefined@undefined@Yes$Z. Mehravipour, personal communication, January 8, (2015). Herat, Afghanistan.@undefined@undefined@No$Z. Mehravipour, personal communication, October 15, (2013). Herat, Afghanistan.@undefined@undefined@No$Jessop, D. C., Albery, I. P., Rutter, J., & Garrod, H. (2008). Understanding the impact of mortality-related health-risk information: A terror management theory perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(7), 951-964.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Nagar, M., & Rabinovitz, S. (2015). Smoke your troubles away: Exploring the effects of death cognitions on cannabis craving and consumption. Journal of psychoactive drugs, 47(2), 91-99.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., Simon, L., & Breus, M. (1994). Role of consciousness and accessibility of death-related thoughts in mortality salience effects. Journal of personality and social psychology, 67(4), 627.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., Rosenblatt, A., Veeder, M., Kirkland, S., & Lyon, D. (1990). Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldview. Journal of personality and social psychology, 58(2), 308.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Z. Mehravipour, personal communication, July 21, (2021). Herat, Afghanistan.@undefined@undefined@No$Z. Mehravipour, personal communication, (2013 up to 2022) Afghanistan@undefined@undefined@No
@Case Study
<#LINE#>A Critical study on student’s perception of online education in India<#LINE#>Appanna N. @Jirnal <#LINE#>39-42<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJSS-2022-061.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Sociology, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka State, India<#LINE#>12/12/2022<#LINE#>27/4/2023<#LINE#>Due to COVID-19, education institutes shifted to online modes of instruction and assessment to keep a safe social distance. There has been a tremendous shift towards online learning through the Indian Government’s digital initiatives. Online courses exploded over the past couple of years in popularity, satisfying the needs of almost educational institutions. ‘Online education’ refers to a method of instruction wherein students engage in learning through the use of internet-connected computers at home. The study aims to analyse student’s perceptions of online education in India. Receptiveness towards online learning in India during the COVID-19 lockdown period was significantly higher for student’s from urban areas compared with rural areas. With the advent of the ‘National Education Policy (NEP)’ 2020, online education has become very relevant at this stage. The policy recognises the potential advantages of such measures but stipulates that the digital gap must be addressed before it can be fully implemented in the Karnataka State.<#LINE#>Srivastava, E., & Agarwal, N. (2013).@E-learning: New trend in Education and Training.@International Journal of Advanced Research, 1(8), 797-810.@Yes$Kamil, W. A., Fadahl, Z. A., Shukur, B. S., Al-khafaji, N. J., & Azeez, N. M. H. (2014).@Mobile school: Face-to-face learning interface for Iraqi students in Malaysia.@In 2014 Fourth International Conference on Digital Information and Communication Technology and its Applications (DICTAP) (pp. 132-137). IEEE.@Yes$Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2017).@Digital Compass Learning: Distance Education Enrollment Report 2017.@Babson survey research group.@Yes$Anderson, T., & Dron, J. (2011).@Three generations of distance education pedagogy.@International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 12(3), 80-97.@Yes$College Dekho (2022).@Affordable online education for the common man.@Retrieved from https://www.collegedekho.com/news/affordable-online-education-for-the-common-man-20228/@No$Dabbagh, N., & Bannan-Ritland, B. (2005).@Online learning: Concepts, strategies, and application.@Pearson.@Yes$Dallas, A. Z. (2010).@Learning style and online education.@Campus-Wide Information Systems, 23(5), 325-335.@Yes$Diaz, D. P., & Cartnal, R. B. (1999).@Comparing student learning styles in an online distance learning class and an equivalent on-campus class.@College Teaching, 47(4), 130-135.@Yes$Garrison, D. R., & Kanuka, H. (2004).@Blended learning: Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education.@The Internet and Higher Education, 7(2), 95-105.@Yes$Gilliam, N. H. (2015).@How Mentors Can Improve Online Graduate Students Attrition Rates.@E-Learn Magazine, 1535-394X/15/02-2735931.@Yes$Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., Bakia, M., & Jones, K. (2010).@Evaluation of evidence-based practices in online learning: A meta-analysis and review of online learning studies.@US Department of Education.@Yes$Moore, M.G. (1989).@Three types of interaction.@The American Journal of Distance Education, 3(2), 1-6.@Yes$Diana Oblinger, E. D. U. C. A. U. S. E., Oblinger, J., Roberts, G., McNeely, B., Windham, C., Hartman, J., ... & Kvavik, R. (2005).@Educating the next generation@Vol. 272. Brockport Bookshelf, Book.@Yes$Pashler, H., McDaniel, M., Rohrer, D., & Bjork, R. (2008).@Learning styles: Concepts and evidence.@Psychological science in the public interest, 9(3), 105-119.@Yes$Picciano, A. G. (2017).@Theories and frameworks for online education: Seeking an integrated model.@Online Learning Journal, 21(3), 166-190.@Yes
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>The Quad an Anti-Beijing Club (ABC) and its future trajectory: Is it important for Bangladesh?<#LINE#>Md. Saddam @Hossain,Md. Salman @Hossain,Jobaida @Gulshanara,Li @Yun <#LINE#>43-48<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJSS-2022-019.pdf<#LINE#>Institute of South Asian Studies, Sichuan University, China@Independence Researcher, Bangladesh@Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh@School of language & Literature, Jiangxi Normal University, China<#LINE#>18/7/2022<#LINE#>29/8/2023<#LINE#>In this present time, the world is facing many political crises such as the US-China trade war; COVID-19, Vaccine domination and Russia-Ukraine war are the most prominent. A different topic, known as Quad, is currently being discussed in international politics. What is the future of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, sometimes known as the Quad, and how was it established to achieve dominance or capture? And why is Bangladesh and other developing nations’ participation vital. In order to better understand the Quad and its future course, this essay also tries to emphasize how crucial it is for Bangladesh to participate. Additionally, determining Bangladesh’s interests in the Quad, the capabilities Bangladesh can contribute, and formulating participation are other crucial lines of inquiry. The results indicate that Bangladesh’s capacity limits its potential Quad engagement, and that its faster-growing economic contributions would be capability-focused, such as raising maritime awareness and fostering consensus in the consultative process through Bangladeshi diplomacy.<#LINE#>Hossain, M. S., Zhang, H., Hosain, M. S., & Yun, L. (2020).@Rohingya Refugee Crisis: Security Concerns for Bangladesh.@South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics, 8(2), 24–34.@Yes$Baruah, D. M. (2022).@India in the Indo-Pacific: New Delhi’s Theater of Opportunity.@@Yes$Buchan, P. G., & Rimland, B. (2020).@Defining the Diamond: The Past, Present, and Future of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue.@Center for Strategic and International Studies, March, 1–16.@Yes$The White House (2021).@Quad Leaders.@Joint Statement: “The Spirit of the Quad”.@Yes$OECD (2020).@The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on jobs and incomes in G20 economies.@ILO-OECD Paper Prepared at the Request of G20 Leaders Saudi Arabia’s G20 Presidency 2020, 46. Accessed on: 23.3.2022.@Yes$Diehl, J. (2021).@Indo-Pacific deterrence and the Quad in 2030.@Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, 4(2), 97-122.@Yes$Samaranayake, N. (2019).@China@Washington: United States Institute of Peace.@Yes$Nagy, D. S. (2020).@Quad Plus?.@Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, Special Issue, 195.@Yes$Caseloads, R. (2022).@A Disrupted Recovery and Higher Inflation.@IMF. Available online: https://www. imf. org/en/Publications/WEO, (2022/01), 25.@Yes$Hossain, S., & Hosain, S. (2019).@US-China trade conflict: The bottom line.@Journal of Business and Economic Management, 7(6), 243-249.@Yes$Okyere, F. O. (2021).@Central African Republic.@Journal of International Peacekeeping, 24(3-4), 305-335.@Yes$STIMSON. (2022).@Chinas evolving strategy discourse on India.@https://www.stimson.org/2022/chinas-evolving-strategic-discourse-on-india/ . Accessed on: 19.5.2022.@No$Shi, W., & Ye, M. (2021).@Chinese Capital Goes Global: The Belt and Road Initiative and Beyond.@Journal of East Asian Studies, 21(2), 173-192.@Yes$Kose, M. A., Lakatos, C., Ohnsorge, F., & Stocker, M. (2017).@The U.S. Economy and the World.@Policy Research Working Paper, February. http://documents. worldbank.org/curated/en/649771486479478785/pdf/WPS7962.pdf. Accessed on: 23.3.2022.@No$Hosain, S., & Hossain, S. (2019).@One Belt One Road Initiative: a revolution on regional and global development.@Journal of Sustainable Development Studies.@Yes$Chen, C., Jiang, Z., Li, N., Wang, H., Wang, P., Zhang, Z., ... & Chen, W. Q. (2022).@Advancing UN Comtrade for physical trade flow analysis: review of data quality issues and solutions.@Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 186, 106526.@Yes$Parker, S., & Chefitz, G. (2018).@Debtbook diplomacy.@Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, 24.@Yes$Hossain, S., & Xi, Y. Z. (2022).@The Rohingya Refugee Crisis: Environment and Health Concerns for Bangladesh.@Saudi J. Humanities Soc Sci, 7(6), 247-256.@Yes$Dailies, C. (2021).@Selections From Regional Press.@8. Accessed on: 1.7.2022.@No$PTI. (2021).@Bangladesh receives 5,00,000 doses of Chinese COVID-19 vaccine as gift.@The Hindu, pp. 2-3.@No$Mintu Chowdhury & Chattogram Bureau (2022).@Bangladesh is gearing up to open its first river tunnel by the end of 2022.@BD News 24, pp. 1.@No$Pohit, S., & Taneja, N. (2003).@India’s Informal Trade with Bangladesh: A Qualitative Assessment.@The World Economy, 26(8), 1187–1214. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9701.00568. Accessed on: 25.6.2022.@Yes$KUMAR, R. (2014).@India s Foreign Policy under Modi Government.@Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(3), 105–122. https://doi.org/10.14782/sbd.201439375. Accessed on: 23.3.2022.@Yes$Noolkar-Oak, G. (2017).@Geopolitics of water conflicts in the Teesta River basin.@Amsterdam: Both ENDS, 57. Accessed on: 23.3.2022.@Yes$Sawan, C. R. S. (2020).@Problems and prospects of maritime security cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region: a case study of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS).@Visiting Navy Fellows, 9.@Yes$Rahman, M., Rahman, D. H., & Shadat, W. B. (2007).@BCIM economic cooperation: Prospects and challenges. Dhaka: Centre for Policy Dialogue.@@Yes$Graham, E., Pan, C., Hall, I., Kersten, R., Zala, B., & Percy, S. (2018).@Debating the quad.@The Centre of Gravity Series, 39, 1–25.@Yes
<#LINE#>Feminization of HIV/AIDS epidemiology in Cameroon and Chad: A desk research<#LINE#>Ange Maïn-Ndeiang @Laoungang,André @Wamba <#LINE#>49-60<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-010.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Curricula and Evaluation, Faculty of Education, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon@Medical Anthropologist, Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.B 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon<#LINE#>24/4/2023<#LINE#>4/5/2023<#LINE#>HIV/AIDS epidemiology is a social and public health problem which carried a heavy burden and is a leading factor to high morbidity and mortality in the world. This paper aimed at investigating the feminization of HIV/AIDS in Chad and Cameroon and exploring factors behind it in those two countries. This present study used a desk kind of literature review and involved 42 articles and national surveys. The results revealed that in Cameroon and Chad, women were at higher risk of being infected with the HIV/AIDS and various factors ranging from individual level to socioeconomic as well as cultural and institutional level explained this vulnerability. The article concludes by calling upon the stakeholders to take measures and commitments in order to decrease the trend of the HIV/AIDS epidemic among women in Cameroon and Chad.<#LINE#>Awofala, A. A., & Ogundele, O. E. (2018).@HIV epidemiology in Nigeria.@Saudi journal of biological sciences, 25(4), 697-703.@Yes$Agbor, E., & Tambi, D. (2014).@Determinants of the HIV/AIDS epidemics prevalence in Cameroon.@International Journal of Research and Review, 1(2), 8-19.@Yes$UNAIDS. (2022).@Global HIV statistics.@Fact sheet.@No$UNAIDS. (2014).@Global statistics.@Fact sheet.@No$Kang’ethe, S. M. & Chikono, G. (2014).@Exploring feminization of HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe: A literature review.@Journal of Human Ecology, 47(2), 139-145.@Yes$Pinckney, L. (2016).@The feminization of HIV/AIDS in Yunnan, China.@Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection, 2292. 37p.@Yes$Chiwuba, I. A. (2021).@Feminization of the HIV/AIDS epidemics in Africa: Ethical case of persistent discrimination on women.@Philosophy and Praxis, 11(1), 107-122.@Yes$Harris, K., Hosegood, V., & Channon, A. A. (2014).@Gender disparity in HIV prevalence: A national-level analysis of the association between gender inequality and the feminization of HIV/AIDS in sub-saharan Africa.@African Population Studies, 28(2), 1132-1145.@Yes$Rodrigo, C. & Rajapakse, S. (2010).@HIV, poverty and Women.@International Health, 2, 9-16.@Yes$Ferguson, K. E. (2017).@Feminist theory today.@The Annual Review of Political Science, 20, 269-286.@Yes$Lay, K. & Daley, J. G. (2007).@A critical of feminist theory.@Advances in Social Work, 8(1), 49-61.@Yes$Thompson, D. (2001).@Radical feminism today.@SAGE Publications, London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi, 172p.@No$Hadi, A. (2017).@Patriarchy and gender-based violence in Pakistan.@European Journal of Social Sciences, Education and Research, 10(2), 297-304.@Yes$Turoń, K. & Kubik, A. (2021).@Business innovations in the new mobility market during the COVID-19 with the possibility of open business model innovation.@Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7, 195-217.@Yes$Mboh, B. P. (2019).@Factors influencing gender disparities in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Fako Division Cameroon: Case of Limbe and Buea regional Hospitals.@International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD), 3(6), 738-756.@Yes$Vescio, F., Cappelli, G., Fouda, P. J., Busani, L., Tchidjou, H., Colizzi, V. & Rezza, G. (2013).@Individual and area-based socioeconomic influences on HIV prevalence in Cameroon.@Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 5(2), 70-82.@Yes$Bekolo, C. E., Nguena, M. B., Ewane, L., Bekoule, P. S., & Kollo, B. (2014).@The lipid profile of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in a rural Cameroonian population.@BMC Public Health, 14, 236-244.@Yes$Defo, D., Kouotou, E. A., & Nansseu, J. R. (2017).@Failure to return to receive HIV-test results: the Cameroon experience.@BMC Research Notes, 10, 309-313.@Yes$Kamga, H. L. F., Assob, J. C. N., Njunda, A. L., Fon, P. N., Nsagha, D. S., Atanga, M. B. S., Weledji, P., Puinta, D. P., & Achidi, E. A. (2011).@The kidney function trends in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients at the Nylon District Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.@Journal of AIDS and HIV Research, 3(2), 30-37.@Yes$Luma, H. N., Eloumou, S. A. F., Ekaney, D. S. M., Lekpa, F. K., Donfack-Sontsa, O., Ngahane, B. H., & Mapoure, Y. N. (2016).@Sero-prevalence and correlates of Hepatitis B and C co-infection among HIV-infected individuals in two regional Hospital in Cameroon.@The Open AIDS journal, 10, 199-208.@Yes$Mbaga, D. S., Njiki, B. J., Mbongue, M. C. A., Essindi, J. O., Fodjo, T. L. M., Membangbi, A. E., Makue, N. E., Ngoutane, A., Elang, A. F., Touangnou-Chamda, S. A., Sake, C. S., & Riwom, E. S. H. (2022).@Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in persons living with HIV in Yaounde: A cross-sectional study.@Health Sciences & Disease, 23(6), 31-35.@Yes$Mbanya, D. N., Zebaze, R., Minkoulou, E.-M., Binam, F., Koulla, S., & Obounou, A. (2002).@Clinical and epidemiologic trends in HIV/AIDS patients in a hospital setting of Yaoundé, Cameroon: a 6-year perspective.@International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 6, 134-138.@Yes$Mbonda, P. C., Kuate, C., Njamnshi, A. K., Fogang, Y., Fonsah, J., & Muna, W. (2013).@Etiologic aspects of epileptic seizures of recent onset in HIV-AIDS infected subjects at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (Cameroon).@World Journal of AIDS, 3, 160-167.@Yes$Meka, A. F. Z., Billong, S. C., Diallo, I., Tiemtore, O. W., Bongwong, B., & Nguefack-Tsague, G. (2020).@Challenges and barriers to HIV service uptake and delivery along the HIV care cascade in Cameroon.3 PanAfrican Medical Journal, 36(37).@undefined@Yes$Njozing, N. B., Miguel, S. S., Tih, P. M., & Hurtig, A.-K. (2010).@Assessing the accessibility of HIV care packages among tuberculosis patients in the Northwest Region, Cameroon.@BMC Public Health, 10, 129-138.@Yes$Oyong Akom, C. N. & Nwagbo, D. F. E. (2022).@Socio-cultural determinants of HIV/AIDS transmission: Implications for prevention in Fundong Health District of the North West Region of Cameroon.@Health Care Current Reviews, 10(7), 301-309.@Yes$Anoubissi, J. D., Gabriel, E. L., Nde, C. K., Fokam, J., Tseuko, D. G., Messeh, A., Moussa, Y., Nkenfou, C. N., Bonono, L., Billong, S.C., & Nfetam, J. B. E. (2019).@Factors associated with risk of HIV-infection among pregnant women in Cameroon: Evidence from the 2016 national sentinnel surveillance survey of HIV and Syphilis.@PLoS ONE, 14(4), e0208963.@Yes$Kongnyuy, E. J. & Wiysonge, C. S. (2008).@Association between fertility and HIV status: what implications for HIV estimates?@BMC Public Health, 8, 309-315.@Yes$Kongnyuy, E. J., Soskolne, V., & Adler, B. (2008).@Hormonal contraception, sexual behaviour and HIV prevalence among women in Cameroon.@BMC Women’s Health, 8, 19-23.@Yes$Kongnyuy, E. J., Mbu, E. R., Mbopi-Keou, F. X., Fomulu, N., Nana, P. N., Tebeu, P. M., Tonye, R. N., & Leke, R. J. I. (2009).@Acceptability of intrapartum HIV counselling and testing in Cameroon.@BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 9:9-14.@Yes$Mbu E. R., Kongnyuy, E. J., Mbopi-Keou, F. X., Tonye, R. N., Nana, P. N., & Leke, R. J. I. (2008).@Gynaecological morbidity among HIV positive pregnant women in Cameroon.@Reproductive Health, 5:3-7.@Yes$Wirsiy, F. S., Nsagha, D. S., Njajou, O., & Besong, J. (2019).@Prevalence and associated risk factors of HIV among pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers in the Kumbo West Health District of Cameroon.@Journal of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, 5(2), 074-083.@Yes$Institut National de la Statistique (INS). et ORC Macro. (2005).@Enquête Démographique et de Santé du Cameroun 2004.@Calverton, Maryland, USA: INS et ORC Macro, 479p.@Yes$Ministère de la Santé Publique. (2020).@Évaluation de l’impact du VIH sur la population au Cameroun (CAMPHIA) 2017-2018: Rapport final.@Yaoundé : MINSANTE, DROS, 306p.@Yes$Institut National de la Statistique (INS) et ICF. International. (2012).@Enquête Démographique et de Santé et à Indicateurs Multiples du Cameroun 2011.@Calverton, Maryland, USA: INS et ICF International, 576p.@Yes$Institut National de la Statistique (INS) et ICF. (2020).@Enquête Démographique et de Santé du Cameroun 2018.@Yaoundé, Cameroun et Rockville, Maryland, USA: INS et ICF, 739p.@No$Bekolo, C. E., Kouanfack, C., Ateudjieu, J., Bechem, E. T., Ndeso, S. A., Tendengfor, N., Nsagha, D. S., & Choukem, S. P. (2023).@The declining trend in HIV prevalence from population-based surveys in Cameroon between 2004 and 2018: myth or reality in the universal test and treat era?@BMC Public Health, 23, 479-487.@Yes$Institut National de la Statistique, des Études Économiques et Démographiques (INSEED), Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP) et ICF International. (2016).@Enquête Démographique et de Santé et à Indicateurs Multiples (EDS-MICS 2014-2015).@Rockville, Maryland, USA: INSEED, MSP et ICF International, 655p.@No$Yandai, F. H., Moussa, A. M., Bolti, M. A., Oumar, D. A., Adanaou, H., Attimer, K., Alio, H. M., Traore, K. A., & Barro, N. (2023).@HIV and Seroconversion among pregnant women at the University Hospital of Mother and Child in Chad.@Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 11, 106-115.@Yes$Adair, T. (2008).@HIV status and age at first marriage among women in Cameroon.@Journal of Biosocial Science, 40(5), 743-760.@Yes$Bertrand, N. A. S. (2016).@The socioeconomic determinants of the prevalence HIV/AIDS among women in Cameroon.@African Journal of Economic Review, IV(2), 188-202.@Yes$Mbu, E. R., Takang, W. A., Fouedjio, H. J., Joan, E., Fouelifack, F. Y., Tumasang, F. N., Tonye, R. N., & Leke, R. J. I. (2014).@Reproductive health needs of women living with HIV/AIDS in Yaounde, Cameroon.@World Journal of AIDS, 4, 8-14.@Yes$Njabanou, N. M., Atashili, J., Mbanya, D., Mbu, E. R., Ikomey, G. M., Kefie, C. A., Kinge, T. N., Etogo, D., Adimora, A. A., & Ndumbe, P. M. (2011).@Sexual behavior of HIV-positive women in Cameroon.@Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 12(2), 98-102.@Yes$Budhwari, H., Hearld, K. R., Dionne-Odom, J., Manga, S., Nulah, K., Khan, M., Welty, T., Welty, E., Tita, A. T. (2019).@HIV status and contraceptive utilization among women in Cameroon.@Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 18, 1-7.@Yes$Mumah, J. N. & Jackson-Smith, D. (2014).@Why are the benefits of increased resources not impacting the risk of HIV infection for high SES women in Cameroon?@PLoS ONE, 9(6), e100507.@Yes$Adair, T. (2008).@HIV status and age at first marriage among women in Cameroon.@Journal of Biosocial Science, 40(5), 743-760.@Yes$Fonchingong, C. C., Mbuagbo, T. O., & Abong, J. T. (2004).@Barriers to counselling support for HIV/AIDS patients in South-western Cameroon.@African Journal of AIDS Research, 3(2), 157-165.@Yes$Fiorentino, M., Sow, A., Sagaon-Teyssier, L., Mora, M., Mengue, M.-T., Vidal, L., Kuaban, C., March, L., Laurent, C., Spire, B., & Boyer, S. (2021).@Intimate partner violence by men living with HIV in Cameroon: Prevalence, associated factors and implications for HIV transmission risk (ANRS-12288 EVOLCAM).@PLoS ONE, 16(2):e0246192.@Yes$Fiorentino, M., Sagaon-Teyssier, L., Ndiaye, K., Suzan-Monti, M., Mengue, M.-T., Vidal, L., Kuaban, C., March, L., Laurent, C., Spire, B., & Boyer, S. (2019).@Intimate partner violence against HIV-positive Cameroonian women: Prevalence associated factors and relationship with antiretroviral therapy discontinuity – results from the ANRS -12288 EVOLCam survey.@Women’s Health, 15, 1-12.@Yes$Parcesepe, A. M., Cordoba, E., Gallis, J. A., Headly, J., Tchatchou, B., Hembling, J., Soffo, C., & Baumgartner, J. N. (2021).@Common mental disorders and intimate partner violence against pregnant women living with HIV in Cameroon: A cross-sectional analysis.@BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21, 178-191.@Yes$Decker, M. R., Lyons, C., Billong, S. C., Njindam, I. M., Grosso, A., Nunez, G. T., ... & Baral, S. (2016).@Gender-based violence against female sex workers in Cameroon: prevalence and associations with sexual HIV risk and access to health services and justice.@Sexually transmitted infections, 92(8), 599-604.@Yes$Ngangue, P., Gagnon, M.-P., & Bedard, E. (2017).@Challenges in the delivery of public HIV testing and counselling (HTC) in Douala, Cameroon: providers perspectives and implications on quality of HTC services.@BMC International Health and Human Rights, 17, 9-17.@Yes$Kameni, B. S., Nansseu, J. R., Bigna, J. J., Tatah, S. A., & Seyler, C. (2022).@Evaluation of strategies for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Cameroon: a mixed qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional analysis from the Adamawa region of Cameroon.@BMC Public Health, 22, 2459-2468.@Yes$Atanga, P. N., Ndetan, H. T., Achidi, E. A., Meriki, H. D., Hoelscher, M., & Kroidi, A. (2017).@Retention in care and reasons for discontinuation of lifelong antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of Cameroonian pregnant and breastfeeding HIV-positive initiating ‘Option B+’ in the South West Region.@Tropical Medicine and International Health, 22(2), 161-170.@Yes$Nonga, B. N., Billong, S. C., Tjek, P., Mve, V., Tiyou, C., Berthy, A., Ombotto, S., & Alla, F. (2016).@Factors that may influence adherence in a University based program for the prevention mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Yaoundé – Cameroon.@International Journal of Tropical Disease & Health, 14(3), 1-6.@Yes$Nudelman, A., Teri, D. T., & Ouattara, Y. (2018).@Gender and culture-related barriers to access to mother and infant health services in the far North of Cameroon.@Anthropological Researches and Studies, 8, 112-124.@Yes$Campany, L. N. S., Amaral, D. M., & dos Santos, R. N. O. L. (2021).@HIV/aids in Brazil: the feminization of the epidemic under analysis.@Revista Bioética, 29(2), 374-383.@Yes$Kang’ethe, S. M. (2015).@Exploring feminization of HIV/AIDS and Millennium Development Goals (MDG) with examples from Botswana and South Africa.@Journal of Human Ecology, 49(3), 211-217.@Yes$Nyalapa, M. & Conn, C. (2019).@HIV/AIDS among young women in Malawi: A review of risk factors and interventions.@Pacific Health, 2, 1-12.@Yes$Ramjee, G. & Daniels, B. (2013).@Women and HIV in Sub-saharan Africa.@AIDS Research and Therapy, 10, 30-39.@Yes$Sia, D., Onadja, Y., Nandi, A., Foro, A., & Brewer, T. (2014).@What lies behind gender inequalities in HIV/AIDS in sub-saharan Africa countries: evidence from Kenya, Lesotho and Tanzania.@Health Policy and Planning, 29, 938-949.@Yes$Bassols, A. M. S., Boni, R. D., & Pechansky, F. (2010).@Alcohol, drugs, and risky sexual behavior are related to HIV infection in female adolescents.@Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatra, 32(4), 361-368.@Yes$Frew, P. M., Parker, K., Vo, L., Haley, D., O’Leary, A., Diallo, D. D. et al. (2016).@Socioecological factors influencing women’s HIV risk in the United States: qualitative findings from the women’s HIV SeroIncidence study (HPTN 064).@BMC Public Health, 16, 803-821.@Yes$Wodi, B. E. (2005).@Gender Issues in HIV/AIDS Epidemiology in Sub-Saharan Africa.@Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women@Yes$Hlongwa, M., Peltzer, K., & Hlongwana, K. (2020).@Risky sexual behaviours among women of reproductive age in a high HIV burdened township in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.@BMC Infectious Diseases, 20(1), 1-9.@Yes$Kawuki, J., Kamara, K., & Sserwanja, Q. (2022).@Prevalence of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone: a 2019 nationwide survey.@BMC infectious diseases, 22(1), 1-9.@Yes$Glynn, J. R., Pönnighaus, J., Crampin, A. C., Sibande, F., Sichali, L., Nkhosa, P., Broadbent, P., & Fine, P. E. M. (2001).@The development of the HIV epidemic in Karonga District, Malawi.@AIDS, 15(15), 2025-2029.@Yes$Shaw, S. A. & El-Bassel, N. (2014).@The influence of religion on sexual HIV risk.@AIDS Behav, 18, 1569-1594.@Yes$Kabir, R., Alradie-Mohamed, A., Ferdous, N., Vinnakota, D., Arafat, S. Y., & Mahmud, I. (2022).@Exploring Women’s Decision-Making Power and HIV/AIDS Prevention Practices in South Africa.@International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16626.@Yes$Elly, A. D., Musa, S., & Kafunjo, B. J. (2022).@Prevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among teenage mothers delivered at Mulago Hospital – A cross-sectional study.@Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 16, 661-670.@Yes$Bongaarts, J. (2007).@Late marriage and the HIV epidemic in sub-saharan Africa.@Population Studies, 61(1), 73-83.@Yes$Fagbamigbe, A. F., Adebayo, S. B., & Idemudia, E. (2016).@Marital status and HIV prevalence among women in Nigeria: Ingredients for evidence-based programming.@International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 48, 57-631@Yes
<#LINE#>Tribal health Care in India: A systematic Review of Practices and Beliefs<#LINE#>Satrughan @Behera,Rathi Kanta @Kumbhar <#LINE#>61-65<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-011.pdf<#LINE#>Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India@Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India<#LINE#>26/4/2023<#LINE#>28/7/2023<#LINE#>The current study aims to investigate the health status and medical practices of Indian tribal people. The factors influencing the tribal people’s health & attitudes about health care in India were examined & identified, and the patterns of all of these practices & beliefs were examined through a systematic examination of the literature. One of the crucial stages of tribal development, tribal health has long been neglected and misused. Without giving their beliefs and traditions in healthcare the appropriate consideration, tribal development cannot be realized in its purest form. Using Google Scholar and PubMed, a variety of electronic databases were searched, and the studies carried out and released between 2000 and 2021 were examined. Specific keywords were used to look through the published research. Both qualitative as well as quantitative studies were incorporated into the current study after conducting a systematic evaluation. The analysis's observations highlight the tribal people's poor state of health. The data also shows that tribal people's use of traditional medical practices is declining while contemporary healthcare systems have not yet been adopted.<#LINE#>Kumar, M. M., Pathak, V. K., & Ruikar, M. (2020).@Tribal population in India: A public health challenge and road to future.@Journal of family medicine and primary care, 9(2), 508.@Yes$Azeez, E. A., & Sebastian, A. (2016).@Development and cultural distortion: Assessing the impacts of development programmes and policies on the medicinal practice of Baiga community of Chhattisgarh.@Contemporary Voice of Dalit, 8(1), 82-89.@Yes$Sebastian, A., & Azeez, E. A. (2014).@Development induced displacement and its cost on social capital: A case study from Chhattisgarh.@Development displacement and marginalization, 38-57.@Yes$Balgir, R. S. (2011).@Genetic disease burden, nutrition and determinants of tribal health care in Chhattisgarh state of Central-East India: A status paper.@Journal of Health and Allied Sciences.@Yes$Negi, D. P., & Singh, M. M. (2018).@Tribal health and health care beliefs in India: A systematic.@Int J Res Soc Sci, 8, 1.@Yes$Balgir, R.S. (2006).@Tribal Health Problems, Diseases Burden and Ameliorative Challenges in Tribal Communities with special emphasis on Tribes of Orissa. Tribal Health: Proceedings of National Symposium. Regional Medical Research Centre for Tribals.@Indian Council of Medical Research. 161-176.@Yes$Basu, S. (2000).@Dimension of Tribal Health in India.@Health and Population- Perspectives and Issues, 23(2), 61-70.@Yes$Chopra, K. & Makol, N. (2004).@Common Health Problems Encountered by the Tribal Community in Bastar District.@Health and Population- Perspective and Issues, 27(1), 40-48.@Yes$Sachdev, B. (2012).@Perspective on Health, Health Needs and Health Care Services among Select Nomad Tribal Population of Rajasthan, India.@Antrocom Online Journal of Anthropology, 8(1), 73-81.@Yes$Mishra, M. (2012).@Health Status and Diseases in Tribal Dominated Villages of Central India.@Health and Population- Perspective and Issues, 35(4), 157-175.@Yes$Agrawal, S. (2013).@Disadvantageous Situation of Tribal Women and Children of Orissa, India: A Special Reference to Their Health and Nutritional Status.@Journal of Community Nutrition and Health, 2(1), 3-14.@Yes$Mishra, S., Kusuma, Y.S., and Babu, B.V. (2013).@Concepts of Health and Illness: Continuity and Change among Migrant Tribal Community in an Eastern Indian City.@Anthropological Notebooks, 19(3), 61-69.@Yes$Islary, J. (2014).@Health and Health Seeking Behaviour among Tribal Communities in India: A Socio-Cultural Perspective.@Journal of Tribal Intellectual Collective India,  2(1), 1-16.@Yes$Panda, S., & Guha, A. (2014).@Lodhas of West Bengal: a case study.@The Tribal Tribune, 6(2).@Yes$Ghosh, S. & Malik, S.L. (2009).@Assessment and Administration of Health in a Tribal Community of India.@The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology, 3(2), 1-22.@Yes$Verma, M.K. & Shah, A. (2014).@Health, Tradition and Awareness: A Perspective on the Tribal Health Care Practices.@Research Process, 2(2), 82-91.@Yes$Meena, A.K. (2014). Health Status of Tribal Women in Rajasthan. Tribal Health Bulletin. 21(1).25-31.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Negi, C.S., Nautiyal, S., Dasila, L., Rao, K.S., &Maikhuri, R.K. (2003).@Ethnomedicinal Plants Uses in a Small Tribal Community in a Part of Central Himalaya, India.@Journal of Human Ecology, 14(1), 23-31.@Yes$Uniyal, S. K., Singh, K. N., Jamwal, P., & Lal, B. (2006).@Traditional use of medicinal plants among the tribal communities of Chhota Bhangal, Western Himalaya.@Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 2, 1-8.@Yes$Shukla, R., Chakrarvarty, M. & Gautam, M.P. (2008).@Indigenous Medicine Used for Treatment of Gynecological Disorders by Tribals of Chattisgarh, India.@Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2(12), 356-360.@Yes$Sikdar, M. & Dutta, U. (2008).@Traditional Physiotherapy among the Nath People of Assam.@Stduies on Ethno-Medicine, 2(1), 39-45.@Yes$Negi, D. P., & Azeez, E. A. (2021).@Diminishing traditional methods and inaccessible modern healthcare: the dilemma of tribal health in India.@Journal of Health Research, 36(5), 867-877.@Yes$Prakash, N., Ansari, M.A., Punitha, P.A. & Sharma, P.K. (2014).@Indigenous Traditional Knowledge and Usage of Folk Bio-Meicines among Rongmei Tribe of Temenglong District of Manipur, India.@Afr Journal Traditional Complement Alternative Medicine, 11(3), 239-247.@Yes$Dutt, H. C., Bhagat, N., & Pandita, S. (2015).@Oral traditional knowledge on medicinal plants in jeopardy among Gaddi shepherds in hills of northwestern Himalaya, J&K, India.@Journal of ethnopharmacology, 168, 337-348.@Yes$Mahapatro, M., & Kalla, A. K. (2000).@Health seeking behaviour in a tribal setting.@Health Popul Perspect Issues, 23(4), 160-169.@Yes$Kumar, N. (2017).@A study on health status and perception of Illness among Irulas—Tribal people of Nilgiri District of Tamil Nadu.@Imp. J. Interdiscip. Res, 3(3), 1208-1362.@Yes$Ballabh, B., & Chaurasia, O. P. (2007).@Traditional medicinal plants of cold desert Ladakh—Used in treatment of cold, cough and fever.@Journal of ethnopharmacology, 112(2), 341-349.@Yes$B., Chaurasia, O. P., Ahmed, Z., & Singh, S. B. (2008).@Traditional medicinal plants of cold desert Ladakh—used against kidney and urinary disorders.@Journal of ethnopharmacology, 118(2), 331-339.@Yes$Bhasin, V (2003).@Sickness and Therapy among Tribals of Rajasthan.@Studies of Tribes and Tribals, 1(1), 77-83.@Yes$Jain, S. & Agarwal, S. (2005).@Perception of Illness and Health Care among Bhills: A Study of Udaipur District in Southern Rajasthan.@Studies of Tribes and Tribals. 3(1), 15-19.@Yes$Katewa, S.S., Chaudhary, B.L. & Jain, A. (2004).@Folk Herbal Medicines from Tribal Area of Rajasthan, India.@Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 92, 41-46.@Yes$Raj Pramukh, K.E. & Palkumar P.D.S. (2006).@Indiginous Knowledge: Implications in Tribal Health and Disease.@Studies of tribes and Tribals, 4(1), 1-6.@Yes$Sharma, U.K., Pegu, S., Hazarika, D. & Das A. (2012).@Medico-Religious Plants used by Hajong Community of Assam, India.@Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 143. 787-800.@Yes$Singh, Narender (2014).@Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh, India: An Anthropological Study.@Tribal Health Bulletin, 21(1), 37-42.@Yes
<#LINE#>Labor and Wages in Bangladesh: Trends, Challenges, and Policy Implications<#LINE#>Masoud @Ahmad <#LINE#>66-74<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-015.pdf<#LINE#>International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Shitakundu, Chattogram, Bangladesh<#LINE#>7/7/2023<#LINE#>2/8/2023<#LINE#>This review article examines the trends and challenges in labor and wages in Bangladesh, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of the labor market and its implications for workers and the economy. The study begins with a comprehensive background on the labor market in Bangladesh, including its size, significance, and historical development. It highlights key sectors and industries employing a significant labor force and provides an overview of the wage structure and labor conditions in the country. The review objectives focus on identifying the key issues and challenges related to labor and wages in Bangladesh, addressing gaps in the existing knowledge, and contributing to a better understanding of the labor market situation. The study emphasizes the significance of studying labor and wages in Bangladesh, discussing the socio-economic implications of labor market dynamics and wage trends. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of evidence-based decision-making and the role of the study in informing stakeholders, policymakers, researchers, and the public. The article conducts a comprehensive literature review, discussing existing studies on labor and wages in Bangladesh, key theories, frameworks, and identified gaps in the literature. The methodology section outlines the research design, data collection methods and sources, variables, and data analysis techniques used in the study. The findings highlight the historical overview of labor market development, wage trends over time, employment patterns, and the impact of globalization and international trade on labor and wages. The article also addresses challenges in the labor market, such as the informal labor sector, gender disparities, labor rights, and the importance of education and skills development. Moreover, the study explores factors influencing labor and wages, including government policies, trade unions, foreign direct investment, and technological advancements. It discusses their implications for labor market dynamics, wage levels, and employment opportunities. The review concludes by providing policy implications for labor market reforms, strategies to address wage disparities and improve labor conditions, and the importance of social protection and safety nets. It emphasizes the need for enhancing skills and promoting entrepreneurship to create a competitive labor force. Overall, this review article contributes to the existing knowledge on labor and wages in Bangladesh, identifies research gaps, and provides recommendations for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers to create a more inclusive and sustainable labor market.<#LINE#>Hossain, M., Islam, I., & Kibria, R. (1999).@South Asian economic development: Transformation, opportunities and challenges.@@Yes$Alharthi, M., & Hanif, I. (2020).@Impact of blue economy factors on economic growth in the SAARC countries.@Maritime Business Review, 5(3), 253–269.@Yes$Alam, G. M., Hoque, K. E., Khalifa, M. T. B., Siraj, S. B., & Ghani, M. F. B. A. (2009).@The role of agriculture education and training on agriculture economics and national development of Bangladesh.@Afr. J. Agric. Res, 4(12), 1334-1350.@Yes$Mahmud, M., Otsuka, K., Sawada, Y., & Yamada, E. (2018).@Development transformation in Bangladesh: An overview.@Economic and Social Development of Bangladesh: Miracle and Challenges, 3–26.@Yes$Mian, M. E. U. (2020).@A study on competitiveness of ready-made garments for export-led economic growth in bangladesh: issues and challenges (Doctoral dissertation, University of Saskatchewan).@@Yes$Eyraud, F., & Saget, C. (2005).@The fundamentals of minimum wage fixing.@International Labour Organization.@Yes$Hossain, K. A., Haque, S. M., & Haque, A. E. (2015).@An analysis of the determinants of wage and salary differentials in Bangladesh.@South Asia Economic Journal, 16(2), 295–308.@Yes$Islam, N., & Noman, A. N. K. (2015).@Estimated Regional Disparity for Northern Bangladesh.@IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 20(11), 59–63.@Yes$Sarker, A. R., & Khan, J. A. (2013).@Informal workers in Bangladesh: An analysis from socio-economic perspective.@Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 3(6), 42–48.@Yes$Ahmed, S., & Maitra, P. (2010).@Gender wage discrimination in rural and urban labour markets of Bangladesh.@Oxford Development Studies, 38(1), 83–112.@Yes$Slam, S. (2016).@Feminization of employment and gender inequality of Bangladesh labor market: The case of garment industries.@Developing Country Studies, 6(2), 157–168.@Yes$Kalam, I., & Amin, M. (2016).@Trends of women’s participation in economic activity of Bangladesh: Status and Disparity.@European Scientific Journal, 12(35), 50–58.@Yes$Afrin, S. (2014).@Labour Condition in the Apparel Industry of Bangladesh: Is Bangladesh Labour Law 2006 Enough?.@Development Country Studies, 4(11).@Yes$Kapsos, S. (2008).@The gender wage gap in Bangladesh.@ILO Asia-Pacific Working Paper Series.@Yes$Nordman, C. J., Sarr, L. R., & Sharma, S. (2015).@Cognitive, non-cognitive skills and gender wage gaps: Evidence from linked employer-employee data in Bangladesh.@@Yes$Bhuiyan, M. Z. A. (2012).@Present status of garment workers in Bangladesh: An analysis.@IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 3(5), 38–44.@Yes$Farhana, K., Syduzzaman, M., & Munir, M. S. (2015).@Present status of workers in ready-made garments industries in Bangladesh.@European Scientific Journal, 11(7).@Yes$Yunus, M., & Yamagata, T. (2012).@The garment industry in Bangladesh.@Dynamics of the Garment Industry in Low-Income Countries: Experience of Asia and Africa (Interim Report). Chousakenkyu Houkokusho, IDE-JETRO, 6, 29.@Yes$Mondal, M. S. H. (2017).@Urban informal economy in Bangladesh: a case study on a mobile vegetable vendor in Dhaka city.@The Qualitative Report, 22(11), 2893-2903.@Yes$Strober, M. H. (1990).@Human Capital Theory: Implications for HR Managers.@Industrial Relations, 29(2), 214–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990. tb00752.x@Yes$Dickens, W., & Lang, K. (1985).@Testing Dual Labor Market Theory: A Reconsideration of the Evidence (No. w1670; p. w1670).@National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w1670@Yes$Assaad, R. (1993).@Formal and informal institutions in the labor market, with applications to the construction sector in Egypt.@World Development, 21(6), 925–939. https://doi. org/10.1016/0305-750X(93)90052-B@Yes$Khatun, F., Saadat, S. Y., Ashraf, K., Ashraf, K., & Taki, M. A. T. (2022).@Skills gap and youth employment in Bangladesh: An exploratory analysis.@Centre for Policy Dialogue.@Yes$Kono, H., Sawada, Y. & Shonchoy, A. S. (2018).@Primary, secondary, and tertiary education in Bangladesh: achievements and challenges.@Economic and Social Development of Bangladesh: Miracle and Challenges, 135-149.@Yes$Ekkehard, E., International Labour Organization, Merola, R., & Reljic, J. (2022).@Labour market policies for inclusiveness: A literature review with a gap analysis.@ILO. https://doi.org/10.54394/SEPQ5405@Yes$Khan, Md. R., & Rammal, H. G. (2022).@The role of trade unions in promoting CSR in Bangladesh’s ready-made garments sector: The post-pandemic scenario.@Management Decision, 60(10), 2786–2800. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/MD-12-2021-1686@Yes$Aidt, T., & Tzannatos, Z. (2002).@Unions and Collective Bargaining: Economic Effects in a Global Environment.@Washington, DC: World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-5080-3@Yes$Ahammad, T., Shanta, F., Hossain, M. M., & Naim, M. J. (2017).@Trade Unions and Industrial Relations in Bangladesh: Human Resource Aspect.@International Journal of Latest Engineering and Management Research, 2(10), 1-7.@Yes$Chowdhwry, M., Rana, M., & Shao, Y. (2016).@Foreign direct investment determinants in Bangladesh ready-made garments industry.@Clear International Journal of Research in Commerce & Management, 7(3).@Yes$Badiuzzaman, M., & Rafiquzzaman, M. (2020).@Automation and Robotics: A Review of Potential Threat on Unskilled and Lower Skilled Labour Unemployment in Highly Populated Countries.@International Business Management, 14(1), 16-24.@Yes
<#LINE#>Impact of Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana Scheme -A review<#LINE#>V. @Sankar,K. @Sameeha,B. Pooja @Shri,A. Rasitha @Safrin,M. Mansura @Ashika,R. @Subash,S. @Akilandeswari <#LINE#>75-79<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-017.pdf<#LINE#>Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India@Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India@Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India@Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India@Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India@Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India@Srinivasan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Samayapuram, Trichy, India<#LINE#>13/7/2023<#LINE#>20/8/2023<#LINE#>With the support of the Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs) and Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited (IDPL), the Department of Pharmaceuticals of the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers launched the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) campaign to provide the general public with high-quality medications at reasonable costs. PMBJP stores have been established to offer generic medications, which are less expensive yet have the same quality and effectiveness as more expensive branded medications. All people can purchase medications at "Jan Aushadhi Medical Store" at reasonable costs, especially the impoverished. This is done to decrease unexpected healthcare costs and increase knowledge about generic drugs among the general public. Generate demand for generic pharmaceuticals by utilising medical experts. Show people that outstanding quality does not always come at a high price by fostering knowledge and awareness. Provide all of the commonly used generic drugs that cover all therapeutic areas. The programme was created to ensure that patients have access to effective pharmaceuticals and to boost the supply of high-quality generic medications in order to expand coverage, reduce out-of-pocket medication expenditures, and revise the cost of treatment as a unit per person. Raise awareness of generic pharmaceuticals through education and publicity to guarantee that quality isn't solely connected with high prices.<#LINE#>FDA (2023).@Generic Drugs.@https://www.fda.gov/drugs/ generic-drugs, 28 April 2023.@No$Accessible meds (2023).@Generic Medicines.@https://accessiblemeds.org/generic-medicines,29April 2023.@No$EMA (2023).@Glossary Generic Medicine.@https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/glossary/generic-medicine, 2 May 2023.@No$Pharmeasy blog (2023).@Benefits of Generic-Medicines You Must Know.@https://pharmeasy.in/blog/benefits-of-generic-medicines-you-must-know, 2 may 2023.@No$Bhargava, A., & Kalantri, S. P. (2013).@The crisis in access to essential medicines in India: key issues which call for action.@Indian J Med Ethics, 10(2), 86-95.@Yes$GoI. (2023).@Pradhan Mantra Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana.@https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/pradhan-mantri-bhartiya-janaushadhi-pariyojana 3 may 2023@No$Orubu, E. S., Robert, F. O., Samuel, M., & Megbule, D. (2019).@Access to essential cardiovascular medicines for children: a pilot study of availability, price and affordability in Nigeria.@Health Policy and Planning, 34 (Supplement_ 3), iii20-iii26.@Yes$Bhargava, A., & Kalantri, S. P. (2013).@The crisis in access to essential medicines in India: key issues which call for action.@Indian J Med Ethics, 10(2), 86–95.@Yes$National Health Systems Resource Centre (2019).@National health accounts estimates for India (2016–17).@@Yes$Yazici, E., Cilli, A. S., Yazici, A. B., Baysan, H., Ince, M., Bosgelmez, S., ... & Erol, A. (2017).@Antipsychotic use pattern in schizophrenia outpatients: correlates of polypharmacy.@Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health: CP & EMH, 13, 92.@Yes$Insight son India (2023).@Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana.@https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/10/08/ pradhan-mantri-jan-aushadhi-yojana, 5 may 2023@No$Mantri, N., Joshi, N. K., Bhardwaj, P., Manda, B., Joshi, V., Singh, K., & Passi, R. (2022).@Assessment of e-aushadhi program (drug inventory e-health initiative in Rajasthan) using benefit evaluation framework.@Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 11(5), 2038.@Yes$Alexopoulos, G. S., Streim, J., Carpenter, D., & Docherty, J. P. (2004).@Using antipsychotic agents in older patients.@The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 65, 5-99.@Yes$Pillarella, J., Higashi, A., Alexander, G. C., & Conti, R. (2012).@Trends in use of second-generation antipsychotics for treatment of bipolar disorder in the United States, 1998–2009.@Psychiatric services, 63(1), 83-86.@Yes$Government of India (2023).@NPPA has fixed ceiling prices of 355 medicines.@Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers. 2021. 25 May 2023.@Yes$Drishtiias (2024).@Janaushadhi Sugam Mobile App.@https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/janaushadhi-sugam-mobile-app, 1 June 2023@No$Polsky, D., Doshi, J. A., Bauer, M. S., & Glick, H. A. (2006).@Clinical trial-based cost-effectiveness analyses of antipsychotic use.@American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(12), 2047-2056.@Yes$Economic Times (2023).@Jan aushadhi ugam app review -fast responsive in good option for purchasing medicines at affordable Prices.@https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ magazines/panache/jan-aushadhi-sugam-app-review-fast-responsive-ui-good-option-for-purchasing-medicines-at-afforadable-prices/articleshow/75503302.cms?from=mdr, 1 June 2023@No$Puvvada, R. K., Gupta, S., Tang, C. Y., Althubyani, A. N., Jois, M., Higgs, P., ... & Thomas, J. (2021).@Factors affecting self-medication practices among people living with type 2 diabetes in India-A systematic review.@Metabolism Open, 9, 100073.@Yes$Roy, V., Singhal, S., Tayal, H., & Dubey, A. P. (2021).@Availability of pediatric formulations in public health care system in India: a case study.@The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 88, 227-234.@Yes
@Short Review Paper
<#LINE#>Reflection of Rural Space Transformation in Bollywood Cinema: An exploratory study of the last six decades<#LINE#>Sandeep @Bhatt,Vipul @Tiwari,Rishabh @Bhardwaj <#LINE#>80-86<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJSS-2023-016.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Media and Mass Communication, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India@Dept. of Media and Mass Communication, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India@Dept. of Media and Mass Communication, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India<#LINE#>11/7/2023<#LINE#>9/8/2023<#LINE#>This paper delves into the influence of Bollywood cinema as a mass medium on Indian audiences, using symbols and signs to convey meanings and create a Mise en scène of space, environment, and events. Through this medium, the cinema reflects viewers' social vision and merges imagination and reality. The study focuses on the changing pattern of the rural social landscape, which encompasses outdoor natural locations linked with a village, its culture, public amenities, residents, and social, economic, and political issues. The study analyzes the quality of the representation of rural landscapes over a decade-long period (1960-2022), with one iconic film story based on the rural landscape chosen from each decade. The analysis assesses the visuals that reflect the rural landscape and the challenges depicted within the story. This exploration not only provides guidelines for rural development policymakers but also examines the impact of cinema on the visual literacy and perception of audiences. The paper's detailed content analysis of the selected six films, one from each decade, will explore the idea of an Indian village and its portrayal through the language of aesthetics and cinema. By doing so, this study aims to provide insights into how Bollywood cinema influences the audience's perception of rural life and landscape, and how it shapes their understanding of social and economic issues.<#LINE#>Bouzida, F. (2014).@The semiology analysis in media studies: Roland Barthes Approach.@In International conference on social sciences and humanities, 8(10).@Yes$Anderson, K. E. (2010).@Film as a reflection of society: interracial marriage and Stanley Kramer’s Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner in late 1960s America.@SURG Journal, 4(1), 23-29.@Yes$Dix, A. (2020).@Beginning film studies.@In Beginning film studies (second edition). Manchester University Press.@Yes$Gokulsing, K. M., & Dissanayake, W. (1998).@Indian popular cinema: A narrative of cultural change.@London: Trentham Books.@Yes$Romer, D., Jamieson, P., Bleakley, A., & Jamieson, K. H. (2014).@Cultivation theory: Its history, current status, and future directions.@The handbook of media and mass communication theory, 115-136.@Yes$IMDb.com. (2013).@International Movie Database.@Retrieved from http://www.imdb.com/@No$Krippendorff, K. (2018).@Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology.@Sage publications.@Yes$Aayog, N. I. T. I. (2018).@Strategy for new India@undefined@Yes$75.@National Institution for Transforming India, New Delhi. https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/201901/Strategy_for_New_India_2.pdf@undefined@Yes$Rawat, P. L. (1970).@History of Indian Education.@Ram Prasad and Sons. Agra: India@No$Government of India (2000).@Economic Survey 1999-2000.@Retrieved from https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/ budget_archive/es99-2000/welcome.html@No$Government of India (2014).@Yojana: March.@Retrieved from http://yojana.gov.in/Recent_archive_english/March- 14.pdf@No$Government of India (2023).@Personal Data Protection Bill [PDF document].@Retrieved from https://gpdp.nic.in/ downloadFile.html?id=404&OWASP_CSRFTOKEN=891L-TPFY-JLMD-BXD2-B7DV-XE9X-BKTT-TJ9I@No$Journals of India (2019).@LPG reforms in India.@Retrieved from https://journalsofindia.com/lpg-reforms-in-india/@Yes$Himanshu, H., Jha, P. & Rodgers, G. (2016).@The changing village in India: Insights from longitudinal research. Oxford University Press.@@No$Ganjoo Shweeta (2021).@How women in villages are using technology for supporting their families.@Hindustan Times. Retrieved fromhttps://tech.hindustantimes.com/ tech/news/ how-women-in-villages-are-using-technology-for-supporting-their-families-71615220852042.html@No$Times of India (2021).@1,800 deaths in 8 months: Sharp rise in farm suicides in Maharashtra.@Times of India. Retrieved from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ mumbai/1800-deaths-in-8-months-sharp-rise-in-farm-suicides-in-maharashtra/articleshow/94820572.cms@Yes$Dhareshwar, A. (2016).@How Rural is Hindi Cinema.@@Yes$Book Gokulsing, K. M., & Dissanayake, W. (1998).@Indian popular cinema: A narrative of cultural change.@London: Trentham Books.@Yes