@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Socio-economic Changes of Women through Kudumbasree - A Study from Puthenvelikkara (Gp) of Kerala State, India <#LINE#>Kenneth@Kalyani,P.C.@Seena<#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-JSS-2012-024.pdf<#LINE#> School of Counselling, Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Sriperumbudur, Tamilnadu, INDIA @ Department of Social Work, Sri Sankara University, Kalady, Kerela, INDIA <#LINE#>9/8/2012<#LINE#>14/9/2012<#LINE#>  Kudumbashree is a multi-faceted women based participatory poverty eradication programme jointly initiated by Government of Kerala and NABARD.  It is implemented by community based organizations (CBOs) of poor women in co-operation with Local Self Government Institutions. Mission of Kudumbasree: “To eradicate absolute poverty in ten years through concerted community action under the leadership of local governments, by facilitating organisation of poor for combining self help with demand led convergence of available services and resources to tackle the multiple dimensions and manifestation of poverty holistically”. Reaching out to the families through women and reaching out to the society through families. In this manuscript the author made an indebt exploration of the various programmes that were introduced in order to enhance and empower the women from the below poverty line of puthanvelikkara gram panchayath of Ernakulum District of Kerela state. Self prepared questionnaire is administered among them to assess their socio economic development after the participation in Kudumbasree.  The finding reveal that economic development is the base for other development. Collective effort has been recognized as tenets of women empowerment, women empowerment leads to sustainable social development,  Economic development of women leads to better living status in the family, educational, nutritional, and the health needs of the children were well satisfied and economic independence through kudumbasree improved the social participation of its members. <#LINE#> @ @ John Brohman Popular Development. Rethinking the theory and practice of Development, Cambridge, Blackwell (1996) @No $ @ @ Parpart J., Who is the 'other'? A Post modern Feminist Critique of Women and development Theory and Practice, Development and Change, (24)1, 439- 64 (1993) @No $ @ @ Hahner J., Recent research on Women in Brazil, Latin American Research Review,(20)1, 163-79 (1985) @No $ @ @ Geisler G., Silences speak louder than claims: gender, household and agricultural development in Southern Africa World Development, (21)2, 1965-80 (1993) @No $ @ @ Geisler G., Silences speak louder than claims: gender, household and agricultural development in Southern Africa World Development, (21)2, 1965-80 (1993) @No $ @ @ Siva Prakash C.S. and Chandarsekar K.S., SHGs and socio-economic empowerment: A descriptive analysis based on Kudumbashree project in Kerala International Journal of Business and Management Tomorrow,2(2), 1-10 (2012) @No $ @ @ Catherine Sauvaget, Kunnambath Ramadas, Jean-Marie Fayette and Gigi Thomas, Somanathan Thara and Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Socio-economic factors and longevity in a cohort of Kerala State, India. Indian Journal of Medical Research, (133)1, 479-486 (2011) @No $ @ @ Nidheesh K.B., Study on the changing process of Kerala women through Kudumbashree in Kerala. International NGO Journal, (4)8, 352-361 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sharma Pramila, Fulekar M.H. and Pathak Bhawana, E-Waste- A Challenge for Tomorrow, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, (1)3, 86-93 (2012) @No $ @ @ www.kudumbashree.org, 15.07.2012 (2012) @No $ @ @ www.sjsry-kudumbashree.org, 24.07.2012 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Constraint of Family Structure in Youth Progress: A Study of Urban Slum of Lucknow District, India<#LINE#>Arti@Shukla,Neetu@Singh<#LINE#>6-9<#LINE#>2.ISCA-JSS-2012-027.pdf<#LINE#>Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Bihar, RaibareliRoad, Lucknow, INDIA<#LINE#>17/8/2012<#LINE#>24/8/2012<#LINE#>  Family structures are defined in terms of their internal composition. The number of members that integrate each model and their relationship, the marital status of the parents and if there is the responsibility of rising of youth. This study was carried the objective: Tomapout demographic characteristics, environmental behaviorand socio-economic assessment among youth in the study. This study was conducted on 110 youth (15 to 24 years) age group of urban slum area of Lucknow city. The duration of the study was 11 months (July 2011 – May 2012). The approaches adopted for the study was multistage random sampling to cover the area of study (Ambedkar Nagar, Rajabazar, Aishbagh from Zone 2 and Sarojini Nagar 1stand 2nd, Kharika, Hind Nagar, Sharda Nagar From Zone 5). The tools in the present study were predesigned and pretested questionnaire for family level information .There were 59 male respondents and 51 female respondents participate in that educational achievement test therefore 6 family included. The highest number of intact family in slum area of Lucknowcity. Regarding to belongingness of family a majority of study subjects lived in intact family. Youth were involved in education and working field. Mostly youth involved in the working area so that they alive their own life neatly and cleanly.  <#LINE#> @ @ Angelina G.G., Family structure and prevalence of behavioural problems among Nigerian adolescents, thecounsellor,17(1), 154-154(1999) @No $ @ @ Agrawal Y.P, Primary Education in Delhi! How Much Do the Children Learn? National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration New Delhi (2000) @No $ @ @ Castro F.A., and doroton A.K., Understanding the spatial patterns in a slum community, A Case Study, 1-3 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chandrasekhar S., Growth of Slums, Availability of Infrastructure and Demographic Outcomes in Slums: Evidence from India (2005) @No $ @ @ Schneider B., Family matters: family structure and child Outcomes, 3 (2005) @No $ @ @ United nations statistics division, (UNSD) (2012) @No $ @ @ www.Singleparents.about.comDated at 24/11/11(2011) @No $ @ @ www.popcouncil.orgDate at 26/11/11 (2011) @No $ @ @ www.youthportal.gov.in/statistics Datedat27/11/11 (2011) @No $ @ @ www.tcpomud.gov.in Dated at 15/4/2012 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>Adjustment Problems among the Married Women Police Personnel<#LINE#>R.@Mangaleswaran<#LINE#>10-16<#LINE#>3.ISCA-JSS-2012-029.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Social Work, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, INDIA<#LINE#>23/8/2012<#LINE#>27/8/2012<#LINE#>  The nature of job of police is very complex to work. It requires fullest dedication and commitment on employing people. While working they face several hardship from both in job as well with family life. Though there might be many problems they face on day to day life, but there can be numerous adjustment problems they faced, that to the married women. They need to take care the profession and family. In this connection, an attempt has been made to study the adjustment problems of married women police personnel and their association with socio-economic variables. The data were collected using Ramamurthy Adjusment Inventory. It consists of five dimensions namely, health, home, emotional, self and social adjustment problems. The study was descriptive in nature. The data was collected from all the married women police personnel available during the time of data collection in Tiruchirappalli District. The scoring was classified as low and high using median score. The findings show that almost in all dimensions and overall adjustment problems, the respondents have high level of adjustment problems. It may be due to the dual role performed by the individuals. There is a need for counseling and recreational centre exclusively for women police personnel.  <#LINE#> @ @ Sarita Sahay., Tribal Women in the New Profile, Anmol Publications, New Delhi (2002) @No $ @ @ Rita Sood., Changing Status and Adjustment of WomenManak Publications, New Delhi/Jaipur (1991) @No $ @ @ Mies M., Indian Women and Patriarchy, Concept Publications, New Delhi (1980) @No $ @ @ Gorwaney N., Self Image and Social Change: A Study of Female Students, Sterling Publishers, Delhi (1977) @No $ @ @ Chakraborrty K., The Conflicting Worlds of Working Mothers, Progressive Publishers, Calcutta (1978) @No $ @ @ Kapur P., Marriage and Working Woman in India, Vikas Publication, Delhi (1970) @No $ @ @ Jha K.N., Women Towards Modernization, Janaki Prakashan, Patna (1985) @No $ @ @ Khanna G., et al., Indian Women Today, Vikas Publications, New Delhi (1978) @No $ @ @ Mehta R., Divorced Hindu Women, Vikas Publications, Delhi (1975) @No $ @ @ Yogendra Singh., Indian Sociology: Social Conditioning and Emerging Concerns, Vistaar Publications, New Delhi (1986) @No $ @ @ Akila D., Family adjustment among women police at Tiruchirappalli. Unpublished thesis. Tiruchirappalli: Bharathidasan University (2002) @No $ @ @ Mangaleswaran, R., Adjustment problems among police personnel at Tiruchirappalli, unpublished thesis. Trichy: Bharathidasan University (1995) @No $ @ @ Mangaleswaran, R., and Gabriel, M, Socio-demographic determinants of Security-Insecurity feelings among women police personnel working in rural police stations of Tiruchirappalli, The PMU Journal of Humanities and Sciences, , 105-111 (2010) @No 
<#LINE#>Modeling India's National Anthem: A Statistical Approach <#LINE#>Soubhik@Chakraborty,Saurabh@Sarkar,Swarima@Tewari,Mita@Pal<#LINE#>17-24<#LINE#>4.ISCA-JSS-2012-035.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Applied Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi-835215,INDIA <#LINE#>05/9/2012<#LINE#>08/9/2012<#LINE#>  A major strength of statistics lies in modeling. Modeling a musical structure or performance is both an interesting and challenging endeavour given that the true model is not only complex but unknown even to the composer. On the other hand, although statistical models are neither perfect nor unbiased, it should be understood that i. we can at least make the data objective or nearly so ii. the true model may have multiple parameters and we usually do not have explicit knowledge about them nor we know how or in what functional way they enter the model and iii. doing a stochastic realisation of this deterministic true model (the decision process of the composer is deterministic as any musical sequence of notes is planned and not random) is within the scope of statistics including controlling the errors in the model. The present work highlights our maiden attempt to model the national anthem of India using a simple exponential smoothing. The fit is found to be explaining the note progression well enough with a smoothing factor 0.716404. Should such a model work well for the national anthem of any other country, it is of interest to see how the smoothing factor varies. Experimenting with other sophisticated models like Kalman filter where the smoothing factor is not fixed but varying is also of interest. <#LINE#> @ @ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jana_Gana_Mana (2012) @No $ @ @ Holt C. C., Forecasting Trends and Seasonal by Exponentially Weighted Averages". Office of Naval Research Memorandum 52, (1957) reprinted in Holt, C. C. (January–March 2004)  Forecasting Trends and Seasonal Exponentially Weighted  Averages, International Journal of Forecasting 20(1), 5–10 (2004) @No $ @ @ Brown, R. G., Smoothing Forecasting and Prediction of Discrete Time Series. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall (1963) @No $ @ @ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_smoothing (2012) @No $ @ @ Chakraborty, S., Ranganayakulu, R., Chauhan, S., Solanki, S. S. and Mahto, K. A  Statistical Analysis of Raga  Ahir Bhairav. Journal of Music and Meaning, Vol. 8, sec. 4,   http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/show Article.php?artID=8.4 (2009) @No $ @ @ Adiloglu K., Noll T. and Obermayer K., A Paradigmatic Approach to Extract the melodic Structure of a Musical Piece, Journal of New Music Research,35(3), 221-236  (2006) @No $ @ @ Chakraborty, S., Krishnapryia, K., Loveleen, Chauhan, S., Solanki, S. S. and Mahto, K., Melody,  Revisited: Tips from Indian Music Theory, International Journal of Computational Cognition,  8(3), 26-32 (2010) @No 
<#LINE#>Standardized Educational Test for Diagnose the Development Level of Creative Mathematical Thinking Qualities <#LINE#>Havarneanu@Geanina<#LINE#>25-33<#LINE#>5.ISCA-JSS-2012-037.pdf<#LINE#>  University “Al. I. Cuza”, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, ROMANIA <#LINE#>14/9/2012<#LINE#>1/10/2012<#LINE#>  We propose a standardized educational test, developed according to the methodology created by L. Crocker and J. Algina (1986) which aims to diagnose the development level of creative mathematical thinking qualities. The standardized test requires a pre-test, which includes the analysis and ascertainment of the items quality, calculation of the difficulty coefficient and discrimination coefficient for each item. In addition, pre-testing involves the setting of the several qualities of the test - objectivity, applicability, reliability and validity. <#LINE#> @ @ Crocker L. and Algina J., Introduction to Classical and Modern Test Theory, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, (1986) @No $ @ @ Radu I.T., Evaluarea în proesul didactic, Editura Didactici Pedagogic, Bucureti, (2000) @No $ @ @ Gliner A.J. and Morgan G.A., Research methods in applied settings: an integrated approach to design and analysis, Routledge, New Jersey, 265-315, (2000) @No $ @ @ Raorane A.A., Kulkarni R.V. and Jitkar B.D., Association Rule–Extracting Knowledge Using Market Basket Analysis, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2), 19-27 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mousavi T. and Seyed A., Training Model for Business Performance Improvement: the Case of Iran, Research Journal of Recent Sciences 1(7), 45-51 (2012) @No $ @ @ Anastasi, A., Psychological testing, Mac Millian Publish, Co., Inc., New York,109-157 (1976) @No $ @ @ Evans G., Pronouns, quantifiers, and relative clauses (I), in Collected Papers, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 76-153 (1985) @No $ @ @ Havârneanu C., Metodologia cercetrii  tiinifice în tiinele sociale, Ed. Erota, Iai (2000) @No $ @ @ Stan E., Pedagogie postmodern, Editura Institutul European, Iai, 192 (2004) @No $ @ @ Nabizadeh T., GharibT.Z., Dorbanai F. and Yaghoobi J.A., Investigating the Effects of Job Experience, Satisfaction, and Motivation on Organizational Commitment-Case Study, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(7), 59-67(2012) @No $ @ @ Shrivastava N. and Lodhi S.S., Overview of Non-redundant Association Rule Mining, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2), 108-112 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bora A., Science Communication through Mass Media, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(1), 10-15 (2012) @No $ @ @ Stoica-Constantin A., Creativitatea pentru studen it is  profesori, Editura Institutului European, Iasi (2004) @No $ @ @ Muresan P., Invatarea eficienta is rapida, Editura Ceres, Bucuresti (1990) @No $ @ @ Stoica-Constantin A., Caluschi, M., Evaluarea creativitatii,  Editura Performantica, Iasi (2005) @No $ @ @ Campbell D.T. and Fiske D.W., Convergent and ant Validation by the Multitrait-multimethod Matrix, Psychological Bulletin, 56(2) (1959) @No 
@Research Article
<#LINE#>Exploring the Cultural / Spiritual Histories of the Q'echi' Maya and Yoruba-Caribbean People in the Americas: Maya Feminine Spirituality and Shango as Symbols of Cultural / Spiritual Preservation and Transnationalistic Unity<#LINE#>D.@Hudson<#LINE#>34-42<#LINE#>6.ISCA-JSS-2012-017.pdf<#LINE#> Colorado School of Mines, UNITED STATES <#LINE#>19/7/2012<#LINE#>18/8/2012<#LINE#>  This review article utilizes the concept of oppositional consciousness to shed light on how the Q’echi’ Maya of northern Guatemala and people of Yoruba ancestry in the Caribbean actively resisted and preserved their cultural/spiritual traditions in the face of Roman Catholic Christianity in the Americas.  Specifically, this article will sketch the spiritual/cultural histories of the Q’echi’ Maya in the northern highlands of Guatemala, with focused attention given to the Q’echi’ Maya of Copal’aa and Coban, communities located in Alta Verapaz, and Yoruba-descended people in the Caribbean. This controlled comparison will highlight the similarities of how these two peoples resisted and transformed attempts by colonial powers to pacify them with Roman Catholic Christianity and instead transformed Roman Catholic icons and symbols into symbols of resistance and activism. Moreover, this work will argue that both the Q’echi’ Maya in northern Guatemala  and people of Yoruba ancestry in the Caribbean were able to effectively resist Roman Catholic Christianity because of the presence of a highly developed pantheon of energies and deities in their own spiritual traditions.  Finally, this work will demonstrate how these peoples drew upon the feminine aspects of their spiritual realities in their traditions which emphasize a dynamic of complementarity when they were either forced to engage with Roman Catholic Christianity or incorporated their Indigenous spirituality with Roman Catholic Christianity. This work seeks to make these connections more explicit and thus contribute to the growing field of Hemispheric Studies.<#LINE#> @ @ Lara I., Bruja Positionalities,: Towards a Chicana/Latina Spiritual Activism, Resistant and Activist Spirituality, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, 4(2) (2005) @No $ @ @  Gomez-Barris M. and Irazabal C., Transnational Meanings of La Virgen de Guadalupe: Religiosity, Space and Culture at Plaza Mexico, Culture and Religion, 10(3), 339-357 (2009) @No $ @ @ Aldama A., Disrupting Savagism: Intersecting Chicana/o, Mexican Immigrant, and Native American Struggles for Self-Representation, Duke University Press, Durham, North Carolina, 3 (2001) @No $ @ @ Pozo M., Review of Methodology of the Oppressed, St. John’s University Humanities Review, 1.2 (2003) @No $ @ @ Watanabe J. and Fischer E., Pluralizing Ethnography: Comparison and Representation in Maya Cultures, Histories, and Identities. School of American Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico (2004) @No $ @ @ MacLeod M., an Outline of Central American Colonial Demographics, Historical Demography of Highland Guatemala I. West and Augelli, University of Arizona Press (2004) @No $ @ @ Perera V., Unfinished Conquest: The Guatemalan Tragedy, University of California Press, Berkeley, California (1993) @No $ @ @ Perera V., Unfinished Conquest: The Guatemalan Tragedy, University of California Press, Berkeley, California (1993) @No $ @ @ Barrett  L., Soul-Force: African Heritage in Afro-Caribbean Religion,  Anchor Press, Garden City, New York, 79 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bisnauth D., History of Religions in the Caribbean, Kingston Publishers Limited, Kingston, Jamaica, 1-12 (1989) @No $ @ @ Bolling L., Conversations with Howard Thurman, Part 2., The Howard Thurman Educational Trust, San Francisco, California (1978) @No $ @ @ Mitchell M., Religion and the Discovery of Self: Howard Thurman and the Tributaries of the Deep River, The Religion Factor: An Introduction to How Religion Matters, Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville, Kentucky, 86 (1996) @No $ @ @ Brandon G., Santeria from Africa to the New World: The Sell Memories, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, 104-120 (1993) @No $ @ @  Fisher R., West African Religious Traditions: Focus on the Akan of Ghana, Orbis Books, Maryknoll, New York, 138-42 (1998) @No 
<#LINE#>Women in Afghanistan: Caught in the Middle <#LINE#> Nairruti@Jani <#LINE#>43-47<#LINE#>7.ISCA-JSS-2012-030.pdf<#LINE#> Division of Social Work  Florida Gulf Coast University, UNITED STATES  <#LINE#>23/8/2012<#LINE#>31/8/2012<#LINE#>  The international human rights principles established after World War II guaranteed civil liberties and fundamental freedom for everyone, but women in Afghanistan have always remained an exception.  The U.S. war to end the Taliban rule in Afghanistan only exacerbated the suffering of the Afghan women.  This article focuses on the sociocultural dynamics that play a pivotal role in current affairs between American political ideology and Middle Eastern cultures.  The article derives its theoretical framework from the concept of homo sacer, gender and development theory, and capability theory to explain the sociocultural context and need for social welfare intervention in Afghanistan.  <#LINE#> @ @ Brodsky A.E., With all our strength; The revolutionary association of the women of Afghanistan, Routledge, 52-58 (2003) @No $ @ @ Boserup E., Women’s role in economic development, Earthscan (1989) @No $ @ @ Rai S., Gender and development: theoretical perspectives, The women, gender and development reader, 28-37 (1997) @No $ @ @ Agamben G., Homo sacer: Sovereign power and bare life, Stanford University Press (1995) @No $ @ @ Barakat S. and Strand A., Forced migration and dilemmas of humanitarian assistance: Challenges for applied research, Norwegian Journal of Geography, 54(3), 133–136 (2000) @No $ @ @ Leander N., Sanctioning aid: Relief, rights and aid conditionality. Case study: Afghanistan Unpublished master’s thesis (2000) @No $ @ @ Ellis D., Women of the Afghan war, Praeger (2000) @No $ @ @ Barchay J. and Cingel P., Restructuring resilience: Emerging voices, Women and Language, 24(1), 54–58 (1999) @No $ @ @ Moser C., Gender planning and development (2nd ed.), Mackays of Chatham (1995) @No $ @ @ Chowdhry G., Engendering development? Women in Development (WID) in international development regimes, Feminism/postmodernism/development, 32 (1995) @No $ @ @ Rai S., Gender and political economy of development. Polity Press (2002) @No $ @ @ Sen A., Inequality reexamined, Clarendon Press (1992) @No $ @ @ Sen A., Human rights and economic achievements,The East Asian challenges to human rights (1999) @No $ @ @ Kabeer N., Reversed realities: Gender hierarchies in development thought, Verso (1994) @No $ @ @ Johnson C. and Leslie, J., Afghans have their memories: A reflection on the recent experience of assistance in Afghanistan, Third World Quarterly, 23(5), 861–874 (2002) @No $ @ @ Cramer C. and Goodhand J., Try again, fail again, fail better? War, the state, and the post-conflict challenge in Afghanistan, Development and Change, 33(5), 885–909 (2002) @No $ @ @ Nussbaum M., Sex and social justice, Oxford University Press (1995) @No $ @ @ Dreze J., and Sen A., Hunger and public action, Clarendon Paperbacks (1989) @No $ @ @ Fisk R., Don’t mention the war in Afghanistan. The Independent (2003) @No $ @ @ Schmitt C., Constitutional theory,  Duke University(2008) @No $ @ @ Benjamin W., Critique of violence, Reflections: Essays, aphorisms, autobiographical writings, 277–300, (1969) @No $ @ @ UNESCO, Education under attack, United Nations (2010) @No 
<#LINE#>Human Rights Non-Governmental Organisations: Protection and Promotion of Human Rights in Sri Lanka<#LINE#>Haans J.@Freddy<#LINE#>48-54<#LINE#>8.ISCA-JSS-2012-031.pdf<#LINE#> Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development Sriperumbudur, Tamilnadu, INDIA <#LINE#>29/8/2012<#LINE#>11/9/2012<#LINE#>  Human rights in recent years has received immense attention and increased discussion over whose rights do we talk about and who protects and promotes human rights. Human rights non-governmental organisations, with their unsparing accounts and reports of human rights practices in countries across the world have no doubt contributed to the growth in protection and promotion of human rights both at the international and national level. This article seeks to examine whether human rights non-governmental organisations and their activities in Sri Lanka has played an important role in improving respect, protection and promotion of  human rights practice within the nation. It finds that protection and promotion of human rights in the country is minimal due to the interference of the government in the activities of the organisations while attempting to promote the rights of the people in the country. This article uses the data collected to prove that human rights non-governmental organisations play a very minimal role in protecting and promoting human rights in Sri Lanka.  <#LINE#> @ @ Goel O.P., Strategic Movement and Policy Issues of NGOs. Isha Books Delhi, 228-29 (2004) @No $ @ @ Goel O.P., Strategic Movement and Policy Issues of NGOs. Isha Books Delhi, 229 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sanyal Bishwapriya, NGO’s Self- Defeating Quest for Autonomy, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 5(54), 21-32(1997) @No $ @ @ Dharmarajan Shivani, NGOs as Prime Movers, Sectoral Action for Social Development, Konark Publishers New Delhi, 1 (2001) @No $ @ @ Goel O.P., Strategic Movement and Policy Issues of NGOs. Isha Books Delhi, 28 (2004) @No $ @ @ Goel O.P., Strategic Movement and Policy Issues of NGOs. Isha Books Delhi, 29-31 (2004) @No $ @ @ Thakur Ramesh, Human Rights: Amnesty International and the United Nations, Journal of Peace Research, 31(2), 143 (1994) @No $ @ @ Vincent R.J., Human Rights and International Relations.University of Cambridge Press, Great Britain, 97 (1986) @No $ @ @ Kiyoteru Tsutsui and Min Wotipka, Christine ‘Global Civil Society and the International Human Rights Movement, Citizen Participation in Human Rights International Non-governmental Organizations, Social Forces, 83(2), 587-91 (2004) @No $ @ @ Dharmarajan Shivani, NGOs as Prime Movers, Sectoral Action for Social Development, Konark Publishers, New Delhi, 209-10 (2001) @No $ @ @ Dharmarajan Shivani, NGOs as Prime Movers, Sectoral Action for Social Development, Konark Publishers, New Delhi, 210 (2001) @No $ @ @ The 1503 procedureis the oldest human rights complaint mechanism in the United Nations system. Under the 1503 procedure, the Commission on Human Rights has the mandate to examine a consistent pattern of proven gross violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms occurring in any country of the world. Any individual or group claiming to be the victim of such human rights violations may submit a complaint, as may any other person or group with direct and reliable knowledge of such violations. The individual, group or organization should also have reliable direct evidence of the human rights violation it is complaining (2000) @No $ @ @ United Nations, Human Rights Questions and AnswersUnited Nations, New York, 45 (1987) @No $ @ @ Dharmarajan Shivani, NGOs as Prime Movers, Sectoral Action for Social Development. Konark Publishers New Delhi, 211 (2001) @No $ @ @ Goodhand Jonathan and Lewer Nick, Sri Lanka: NGOs and Peace-Building in Complex Political Emergencies, Third World Quarterly, 20(1), 69-87 (1999) @No $ @ @ Interview Conducted by Haans J Freddy with a Professor in Colombo University, on 4/10/ 08 in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Executive Director of the Home for Human Rights on 12/10/08 in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Chairman of the Law and society Trust on 28/09/08 in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Executive Director of INFORM on 03/10/08 Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Director of the Consortium of Humanitarian Agencies on 05/10/08 in Colombo Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Human Rights First The Role of Human Rights NGOs in Relation to ICC Investigations, Discussion Paper,  New York: Human Rights First, 4-5 (2004) @No $ @ @ Based on interviews conducted with executive members of HRNGOs in Sri Lanka between 27/09/08 to 24/20/08 (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Executive Director Consortium of Humanitarian Agencies on 03/10/08 in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Executive Director of Centre for Policy Alternatives on 1/10/08 in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with the Executive Director of Home for Human Rights on 29/09/08 in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2008) @No $ @ @ Dharmarajan Shivani, NGOs as Prime Movers, Sectoral Action for Social Development. New Delhi: Konark Publishers, 209-10 (2001) @No $ @ @ Interview conducted by Haans J Freddy with a professor in Peradeniya University, Kandy on 6/10/08, in Kandy, Sri Lanka (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>In -House Campus Training Programs can change the Prospect of Engineering College Students with the Special Reference to Madhya Pradesh, India <#LINE#>Vinod@Bhatt,Dipti@Joshi<#LINE#>55-59<#LINE#>9.ISCA-JSS-2012-032.pdf<#LINE#>  Amity University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA <#LINE#>30/8/2012<#LINE#>22/9/2012 <#LINE#>  The In house campus training refines skills set to meet the industrial demands by connecting the academic knowledge with the skills required to work in the industry. The In house campus training program helps to bridge the skill gap between the needs of the industry and the academia production. The program must understands the employer needs, variable sector specific skills and training requirements that improve business performance, articulate business expectations in education institutions and engagement of industry leaders with technical education institutions. Globalization and industry has further increased the demand of such programs. Today, the world is getting smaller; the countries are dependent on one another for exchange of goods and services. Imports of commercial services have become important in recent times. The growth of an individual is therefore essential for the growth and the prosperity of a nation. The in house training program can not only help an individual to bend easily to the people at his work place but also to the people of the outside world. A positive change has to be brought about by the colleges and universities so that the students can face the challenges of life. The in house campus training program can help him in developing his personality and in boosting his confidence so that he can lead a contended and satisfactory life.    <#LINE#> @ @ Lochana Meena, and Gitoshree, Task Based Teaching: Learning English without Tears, Asian EFL, 8(3) ( 2006) @No $ @ @ Harris Michael, Self-assessment of language learning in formal settings,  ELT Journal,  51(1) (1997) @No $ @ @ Fang Fan, A Discussion on Developing Students Communicative Competence in College English Teaching in China, JLTR,  1(2) (2010) @No $ @ @ Fareen J., Al Muzzamil, Namakkal KCT, Designing Communicative Needs Based Syllabus for EST Students to meet their demands of Professional Communication, ESP World, Issue, 30( 9) (2010) @No $ @ @ Aydinli Mathews Julie, Problem-Based Learning and  Adult English Language Learners, Caela (2007) @No $ @ @ Al-Tamimi Atef, Shuib Munir, Motivation And Attitudes Towards Learning English: A Study of Petroleum Engineering Undergraduates At Hadhramout University of Sciences And Technology, GEMA, 9(2)(2009) @No $ @ @ Yadav Shalini, communication Techniques, university Science Press, New Delhi (2010) @No $ @ @ Rai Urmila and Rai S.M., Business Communication, Himalaya Publishing House PVT.LTD. Mumbai (2009) @No $ @ @ Rao Nageshwar, Communication Skills.Mumbai, Himalaya Publishing House PVT.  LTD (2009) @No $ @ @ Ashraf Rizvi M., Effective Technical Communication, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi (2008) @No $ @ @ Koneru Aruna, effective Technical Communication, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi (2008) @No $ @ @ Sinha K.K., Business Communication, Galgotia Publishing Company, New Delhi (2008) @No $ @ @ Raman Meenakshi and Singh Prakash, Business Communication, 1st edition, Oxford University Press, New Delhi. (2006) @No $ @ @ Gupta N. and Mahajan P., Business Communication, sahitya Bhavan Publication, Agra (2005) @No $ @ @ Summers J. and Smith B., Communication skills handbook, Wiley and Sons, Milton, Qld (2004) @No $ @ @ Malouf D., How to create and deliver a dynamic presentation, 2nd ed, Business and Publishing, Warriewood, NSW (2001) @No $ @ @ Comfort J. and Utley D., Effective presentations, Oxford University Press, Oxford (Book and Video) (1995) @No $ @ @ Beisler F., Scheeres H. and Pinner D., Communication skills, 2nd ed, Longman Cheshire, Melbourne (1993) @No 
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Proposal for Incorporation of Nutrition Science in First Year Undergraduate Medical Curriculum in India <#LINE#> M.S.@Somannavar<#LINE#>60-62<#LINE#>10.ISCA-JSS-2012-045.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biochemistry, KLE University’s J N Medical College Belgaum, Karnataka, INDIA<#LINE#>11/8/2012<#LINE#>21/8/2012<#LINE#>  Health and nutrition are intimately and intricately connected. Effective use of dietary interventions and nutritional advice is integral part of the art and science of effective clinical care. The general public and patients approach doctors as the most reliable and trusted source of information on diet and nutrition. Surprisingly very little attention has been given to the formal training provided to doctors in this area. First-year in medical course is an excellent avenue for introducing basic concepts in nutrition. Purpose of this paper is to suggest incorporation of Nutrition science in first year MBBS curriculum. Teaching learning will be accomplished according to following three domains: Cognitive domain (Knowledge of basic physiological and biochemical aspects of nutrition science), Affective domain (appreciate the importance of good nutrition in reducing the incidence of diseases) and Psychomotor domain (measuring anthropometric parameters, calculating body mass index etc)Lectures sessions of 45 minute to 1 hour will be developed for each topic area to address cognitive objectives and will be divided between Physiology and Biochemistry faculty. Reading assignments on the content area will be provided to students and informed about the reference books. Demonstrations and practical sessions of 1 hour duration weekly will be incorporated to meet the psychomotor objectives. Small group discussion sessions of one hour per week will be conducted to achieve affective objective and also to give feedback to students. This proposed clinical nutrition curriculum will be of horizontal integration between Biochemistry and Physiology. By incorporating this plan in First year MBBS curriculum student will develop knowledge, attitude and skills regarding science of nutrition with better clinical correlation.<#LINE#> @ @ Jackson A.A., Human nutrition in medical practice: the training of doctors, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,60, 257–263 (2001) @No $ @ @ Jacob J.T. and Bamji M.S., Nutrition security in India: who exactly is in charge? Editorial, Indian J Med Res.131,733-735, June (2010) @No $ @ @ Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases, Report of a WHO Study Group. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1990(WHO Technical Report Series, No. 797)  @No $ @ @ Kurpad A.V. and Gopalan S. Symposium June 2008, available at http://www.nutritionfoundationofindia, Accessed June 2, 2011. @No $ @ @  Kushner R.F., Barriers to providing nutrition counseling by physicians: a survey of primary care practitioners, Prev Med., 24, 546–52 (1995) @No $ @ @ Stafford R.S., Farhat J.H., Misra B. and Schoenfeld D.A., National patterns of physician activities related to obesity management, Arch Fam Med,9, 631–8 (2000) @No $ @ @ Nawaz H., Adams M.L. and Katz D.L., Physician-patient interactions regarding diet, exercise, and smoking,Prev Med., 31, 652–7, (2000) @No $ @ @ Association of American Medical Colleges, 2004 medical school graduates questionnaire, All schools report, Internet: http://www.aamc.org/ data/gq/allschoolsreports/2004.pdf (accessed 10 June 2011) @No $ @ @  Krebs N.F. and Primak L.E., Comprehensive integration of nutrition into medical training, Am J Clin Nutr 83(suppl), 945S–50S (2006) @No $ @ @ Taren D.L., Thomson C.A., Koff N.A., Gordon P.R., Marian M.J., Bassford T.L. et al., Effect of an integrated nutrition curriculum on medical education, student clinical performance, and student perception of  medical-nutrition training, Am J Clin Nutr.,73, 1107–12 (2001) @No $ @ @ Walker W.A., Innovative Teaching Strategies for Training Physicians in Clinical Nutrition: An Overview; American Society for Nutritional Sciences, J. Nutr., 133, 541S–543S (2003) @No