@Research Paper <#LINE#>Field control of bacterial speck of tomato using some plant extracts<#LINE#>Agbolade James @Oludare,Popoola Kehinde @Mary,Ganiyu Sikiru @Adebare,Olakunle Teju @Philip,Popoola Akinola @Rasheed,OJO Elijah @Sunday,Imonmion Joshua @Ehis <#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-101.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria@Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria@Department of Agronomy, Federal University, Keshere, Gombe State, Nigeria@Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree@Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria@Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria@Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria<#LINE#>13/9/2019<#LINE#>12/4/2020<#LINE#>One of the diseases of tomato, an important vegetable crop, that is known everywhere in every part of the world is Bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pvtomato. Chemical control has not been very effective and unsafe for the environment hence, the need for alternative methods of controlling the disease. This study accessed the effect of plant extracts on the frequency and ruthlessness of bacterial speck of tomato on two tomato cultivars (Roma VF and Gboko). Experimental construction and design was in form of a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having three (3) replicates. Plant extracts from Moring a oliefera, Azadirachta indica, Chromolaena odorata at 12.5% w/v and 25% w/v concentrations were applied. Data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and means separated by the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (p ≤ 0.05) using SAS 9.1 for windows. Results showed that Chromolaena odorata at 12.5% w/v greatly reduced the bacterial speck of tomato on Gboko variety while Roman VF responded greatly to treatments with Moringaoleifera at 12.5% w/v and 25% w/v concentrations, reducing.<#LINE#>Popoola, A. R., Ganiyu, A.S. Babatunde,O.A., and Ayo - John,E.I. (2011).@Effect of tillage methods, varieties and compost amendments on bacterial leaf spot, leaf speck and fruit yield of two tomato varieties.@Nig. J. For Plant Protection. 25, 127-38.@Yes$Wokoma, E.C.W. (2008).@Preliminary report on disease of tomatoes in Choba, Rivers State.@J. Appl. Sci. Environ. 12(3), 178-121.@Yes$Dimphna, N. E. (2016).@Isolation and Identification of Fungi Associated with Postharvest Decay of Lycopersicum esculentum M. sold in Abakaliki, Nigeria.@IOSR J. Agr. and Vet. Sci., 9 (7), 87-89.@Yes$Ganiyu, S. A., Popoola A.R., Owolade O. F., and Fatona K.A. (2017).@Control of common bacterial blight disease of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) with certain plant extracts in Abeokuta, Nigeria.@J. Crop Improvement, 31, (3), 280-288.@Yes$Shenge, K. C., Mabagala R. B., and Mortensen C. N. (2010).@Current status of bacterial -speck and -spot diseases of tomato-growing regions of Tanzania.@J. Agr. Extension and Rural Development, 2(5), 84-88.@Yes$Yunis, H., Y. Bashan, Y. Okon, and Y. Henis (1980).@Weather Dependence Yield Losses and Control of Bacterial Speck of Tomato Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato.@Plant Disease, 64, 937 - 939.@Yes$Schneider, R. W. and Grogan R. G. (1977).@Bacterial speck of tomato: sources of inoculum and establishment of a resident population.@Phytopathology, 67, 388-394.@Yes$Martins, S. J., & Alves, E. (2014).@Essential oils for the control of bacterial speck in tomato crop.@African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(34), 2624-2629.@Yes$Kotan, R., DadasogluF., Kordali, S., Cakir, A. Dikbas, N.and Cakmakci R. (2007).@Antibacterial activity of essential oils extracted from some medicinal plants, Carvacrol and thymol on Xanthomonas axonopodispv. vesicatoria (Dodge) Dye causes bacterial spot disease on pepper and tomato.@J. Agr Tech., 3(2), 299-306.@Yes$Mariana C.G., Carlos,H.G. Martins,J.M. Taís,M.B. Luís, V. and Sacramento S. (2016).@Phytochemical screening of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. for antimicrobial activity.@Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 11(4), 117-122.@Yes$Jalpa R., Pooja, M.and Sumitra C. (2016).@Effect of decoction extracts of some medicinal plantson calcium oxalate crystalliization.@Asian J. Pharm and Clinical Res., 9(4), 70-76.@Yes$Amadioha, A. C. (2003).@A bacterial biological agent. in: manual of industrial microbiology and biotechnology.@2nd ed., pp.642-650. A. L. Demain and J. E. Davies, (eds). American Soc. Microbiol Press, Washington, D. C.@Yes$Opara, E. U., and Wokocha R.C. (2008).@Efficacy of some plant extracts on the in vitro and in-vivo control of Xanthomonas camestris arbricola.@Plant Diseases., 94, 271@Yes$Varma, J. and Dubey N. K. (1999).@Prospective of botanical and microbial products as pesticides of tomorrow.@Current Sci., 76(2), 172-179.@Yes$Claudette, R. K., Kathryn, L. H. Sara, M. L. Jackie H. M., Lisa, G. Gavin, R. Anupama, K. Ary, A. H. and Vincent P. (2013).@Ecological evidence links adverse biological effects of pesticide and metal contamination in an urban Australian watershed.@J. Applied Ecology., 51(2). doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12211.@Yes$Prakash, M. and Karmegam N. (2012).@In-vitro antibacterial activity of certain plant extracts againstplant disease causing bacteria isolated from citrus plant.@Int. J. Current Microbiol. Applied Sci., 1(1), 1-11.@Yes$Ruchi T., Amit, K.V. Sandip, C. Kuldeep, D. andShoor V.S. (2014).@Neem (Azadirachta indica) and its potential for safeguarding health of animals and humans: A review.@J. Biol. Sci., 14(2), 110-123.@Yes$James, W.C. (1971).@A manual of assessment keys for plant diseases.@Saint Paul MN. APS Press.@Yes$Ganiyu, S. A., Popoola, A.R. Babalola, O.A. and Ayo-John E.I. (2008).@Effects of compost amendments on bacterial diseases and yield of tomato.@In Organic agriculture and the millennium development goals: Proceedings of the 1st West African Summit and 4th National Conference on Organic Agriculture, 17-21 November 2008, Abeokuta, Nigeria, eds I. O. O. Aiyelaagbe, M. T. Adetunji, and S. A. Osei, 180-83. Nigeria: WANOART Publishers.@Yes$Enikuomehin, O.A. (2005).@Cercospora leaf spot disease management in sesame (Sesamum indicum) with plant extracts.@J. Tropic Agr., 43(1-2), 21-25.@Yes$Hostettman, K., and Wolfender J. (1997).@The search for biologically active secondary metabolites.@Pesticide Science, 51, 471-82.@Yes$Popoola, A. R., Ganiyu, S. A. Awotide, O. G. and OduwayeA. O. (2016).@Plant extracts as seed dressing to control bacterial blight of long-staple cotton seedlings.@J. Crop Improvement, 30(1), 84-94.@Yes <#LINE#>Cytoprotective effects of the leaves aqueous extract of Combretum glutinosum (Combretaceae) on gastric ulcers in mice<#LINE#>Amang A. @Perfusion,Vandi V. @Luc,Mezui @Christophe,Siwe T. @Gael,Kuissu T. @Mesmine,Tan P. @Vernyuy <#LINE#>6-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-103.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon@Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon@Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon@Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon@Institute of Medical Research and Study of Medicinal Plants, P.O. Box 13033 Yaoundé, Cameroon@Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon<#LINE#>18/9/2019<#LINE#>27/3/2020<#LINE#>This work was designed to verify the cytoprotective property of the leaves aqueous extract of Combretum glutinosum (LAECG) on gastric ulcers (GU) in mice. The cytoprotective property of LAECG was evaluated by using three experimental methods of GU in mice: HCl/EtOH model, HCl/EtOH with indomethacin pretreatment model and indomethacin model. For each method, male mice were divided into 4 groups of 5 mice and treated respectively with distilled water (negative control), sucralfate (positive control) and extract (200 and 400 mg/kg). A qualitative phytochemical analysis was realized to detect some classes of compounds present in extract like alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and coumarins. C. glutinosum extract (400 mg/kg), showed his best activity in all the methods. Administration of LAECG (400 mg/kg) by oral route inhibited the formation of the GU of 27.84, 36.11 and 100%, respectively for the HCl/EtOH model, HCl/EtOH with indomethacin pretreatment model and indomethacin model. These percentages of inhibition of extract at 400 mg/kg were accompanied by the increase of mucus secretion of 97.50, 163.18 and 111.63%, respectively. Flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds were found to be present in LAECG. LAECG would protect the gastric mucosa membrane by stimulating mucus secretion through a mechanism which would not involve synthesis of endogenous prostaglandins, but rather by a direct effect on mucus secreting cells.<#LINE#>Perlemuter G, Perlemuter L, Pitard L and Quevauvilliers J. (2011).@Anti-inflammatoires stéroïdiens et non stéroïdiens.@In: Pharmacologie et thérapeutiques, Edition Elsevier Masson, Italie, pp 133-134.@No$Wallace, J. L. (2008).@Prostaglandins, NSAIDs, and Gastric Mucosal Protection: Why Doesn't the Stomach Digest Itself?@Physiol. Rev., 88(4), 1547-1565.@Yes$Cohen, Y. and Jaquot, C. (2008).@Anti-inflammatoires, Pharmacologie.@6eme édition Elsevier Masson Paris, p 324.@No$Lullman, H. and Mohr, K. (2003).@Atlas de poche de pharmacologie.@3éme édition Flammarion, pp 320-322.@No$Balian, A. (2011).@Ulcère gastrique et duodénal. In : Hépato-gastro entérologie.@2eme édition Elsevier Masson Paris, pp 79-83.@No$Perlemuter, G., Montani, D. and Perlemuter, L. (2012).@Ulcère gastrique et duodénal, In: Hépato-gastro-entérologie: chirurgie digestive.@2e édition, Paris : Elsevier Masson, (2012), p.441-462.@No$Dupas, J.L. and Grigy, C. (2004).@Traitements curatif et préventif des ulcèresgastroduodénaux induits par les AINS.@Gastro-entérologie Clinique et Biologique, 28(3), 77-83.@No$Didier, D. S., Emmanuel, M. M., Alfred, N., France, K. M., & Lagarde, B. J. (2011).@Ethnobotanique et phytomédecine des plantes médicinales de Douala, Cameroun.@Journal of Applied Biosciences, 37, 2496-2507.@Yes$Amang, A.P., Mezui, C., Siwe, T.G., Zondengoumba, E.N., Enonchong G.E. and Tan, P.V. (2017).@Prophylactic and Healing Activities of the Leaves Aqueous Extract of Eremomastax speciosa on Gastric Ulcers in Rats.@J. Adv. Biol. Biotech., 12(3), 1-13.@Yes$Tony, F. (2005).@Nutritional and diet resource of cancer prevention and survival.@3rd Edition Replica press Ltd, Washington, pp 51-60.@No$Sore, H., Hilou, A., Sombie, P.A., Compaore, M., Meda, R., Millogo, J. and Nacoulma, O. (2012).@Photochemistry and Biological Activities of Extracts from Two Combretaceae Found in Burkina Faso: Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill. and Perr. and Combretum glutinosum Perr. Ex DC.@Univers. J. Environ. Res. Tech., 2(5), 383-392.@Yes$Ouattara, Y., Sanon, S., Traoré, Y., Mahiou, V., Azas, N. and Sawadogo L. (2006).@Antimalarial activity of Swartzia madagascariensis Desv. (Leguminosae), Combretum glutinosum Guill. & perr. (Combretaceae) and Tinospora bakismiers. (Menispermaceae), Burkina Faso medicinal plants.@Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Altern. Med., 3(1), 75-81.@Yes$Yahaya, O., Yabefa, J. and Usman, B. (2012).@Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Combretum glutinosum extract against some Human pathogens.@Brit. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 3(5), 233-236.@Yes$Vautier, H., Sanon, M., Sacandé, M., and Schmidt L. (2017).@Combretum glutinosum Perrot. ex DC.@Seed Leaflet, Forest and Landscape, 128, 1-3.@No$Harborne J.B. (1998).@Phytochemical Methods. A Guide to modern Techniques of Plant Analysis.@5th Edition, Chapman and Hall Ltd, London, pp 21-27.@Yes$Hara, N., and Okabe, S. (1985).@Effect of gefernate on acute lesions in rats.@Folio Pharmacologia Japonica, 85(6), 443-448.@Yes$Tan, P.V., Nditafon, G.N., Yewah, M.P., Ayafor, J.F. and Dimo, T. (1996).@Eremomastax speciosa: Effect on the leaf aqueous extract on ulcer formation and gastric secretion in rats.@J. Ethnopharmacol., 54(3), 139-142.@Yes$Sun, Z., Matsumoto, T. and Yamada, H., (1992).@Anti-ulcer activity and mode of action of the polysaccharide fraction from the leaves of Panax ginseng.@Plant. Medic., 58(5), 432-435.@Yes$Pillai, N.R. and Santhakumari, G. (1984).@Effects of nimbidin on acute and chronic gastro duodenal ulcer models in experimental animals.@Planta Medica., 50(2), 143-147.@Yes$Miller, T.A. (1982).@Protective effect of prostaglandins against gastric mucosal damage: Current knowledge and proposed mechanisms.@Amer. J. Physiol., 245(5), 601-603.@Yes$Mezui, C., Longo, F., Nkenfou, C., Amang, P.A., Fokou, N. and Tan, P.V. (2015).@Gastro-Cytoprotective And Healing Effects Of The Stem Barks Aqueous Extract Of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) On Gastric Ulcers.@World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 4(6), 1-13.@No$Williams, S.E. and Turnberg, L.A. (1980).@Retardation of acid diffusion by pig gastric mucosa: A potential role in mucosal protection.@Gastroenterology, 79(2), 299-304.@Yes$Ndji, O.L., Amang, P.A., Mezui, C., Nkwengoua, Z.E., Tan, P.V. and Nyasse, B. (2016).@Gastric Ulcer Protective and Antioxidant Activity of The Leaf Ethanol Extract of Emilia praetermissa Milne-Redh (Asteraceae) In Rats.@J. Int. Res. Med. Pharm. Sci., 6(2), 98-107.@Yes$Selling, J.A., Hogan, H., Aly, D.L., Koss, M.A. and Isengerg, J.I. (1987).@Indometacin inhibits duodenal bicarbonate secretion and endogenous prostaglandin E2 output in human subjects.@Ann. Int. Med., 106(6), 368-371.@Yes$Okokon, J.E., Antia, B.S. and Emem, E.E. (2009).@Antiulcerogenic activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Lasianthera africana.@Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Altern. Med., 6(2), 150-154.@Yes$Mezui, C., Nkenfou, C., Amang, A.P., Ndji, O.G., Nkwengoua, E., Djougné, P., Lémoupa, B., Fouman, J.M. and Tan, P.V. (2017).@Gastroprotective, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of the Aqueous Root Bark Extract of Cassia arereh Del. (Caesalpiniaceae) in a Wistar Rat Model.@J. Adv. Biol. Biotech., 12(4), 1-13.@Yes$Borrelli, F., and Izzo, A.A.(2000).@The plant kingdom as a source of anti-ulcer remedies.@Phytother. Res., 14(8), 581-591.@Yes$Panda, V.S. and Khambat, P.D. (2014).@Antiulcer activity of Garcinia indica fruit rind (kokum berry) in rats.@Biomed. Ag. Pathol., 4(4), 309-316.@Yes <#LINE#>Cytoprotective effects of the leaves aqueous extract of Combretum glutinosum (Combretaceae) on gastric ulcers in mice<#LINE#>Amang A. @Perfusion,Vandi V. @Luc,Mezui @Christophe,Siwe T. @Gael,Kuissu T. @Mesmine,Tan P. @Vernyuy <#LINE#>6-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-103.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon@Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon@Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon@Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon@Institute of Medical Research and Study of Medicinal Plants, P.O. Box 13033 Yaoundé, Cameroon@Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon<#LINE#>18/9/2019<#LINE#>27/3/2020<#LINE#>This work was designed to verify the cytoprotective property of the leaves aqueous extract of Combretum glutinosum (LAECG) on gastric ulcers (GU) in mice. The cytoprotective property of LAECG was evaluated by using three experimental methods of GU in mice: HCl/EtOH model, HCl/EtOH with indomethacin pretreatment model and indomethacin model. For each method, male mice were divided into 4 groups of 5 mice and treated respectively with distilled water (negative control), sucralfate (positive control) and extract (200 and 400 mg/kg). A qualitative phytochemical analysis was realized to detect some classes of compounds present in extract like alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and coumarins. C. glutinosum extract (400 mg/kg), showed his best activity in all the methods. Administration of LAECG (400 mg/kg) by oral route inhibited the formation of the GU of 27.84, 36.11 and 100%, respectively for the HCl/EtOH model, HCl/EtOH with indomethacin pretreatment model and indomethacin model. These percentages of inhibition of extract at 400 mg/kg were accompanied by the increase of mucus secretion of 97.50, 163.18 and 111.63%, respectively. Flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds were found to be present in LAECG. LAECG would protect the gastric mucosa membrane by stimulating mucus secretion through a mechanism which would not involve synthesis of endogenous prostaglandins, but rather by a direct effect on mucus secreting cells.<#LINE#>Perlemuter G, Perlemuter L, Pitard L and Quevauvilliers J. (2011).@Anti-inflammatoires stéroïdiens et non stéroïdiens.@In: Pharmacologie et thérapeutiques, Edition Elsevier Masson, Italie, pp 133-134.@No$Wallace, J. L. (2008).@Prostaglandins, NSAIDs, and Gastric Mucosal Protection: Why Doesn't the Stomach Digest Itself?@Physiol. Rev., 88(4), 1547-1565.@Yes$Cohen, Y. and Jaquot, C. (2008).@Anti-inflammatoires, Pharmacologie.@6eme édition Elsevier Masson Paris, p 324.@No$Lullman, H. and Mohr, K. (2003).@Atlas de poche de pharmacologie.@3éme édition Flammarion, pp 320-322.@No$Balian, A. (2011).@Ulcère gastrique et duodénal. In : Hépato-gastro entérologie.@2eme édition Elsevier Masson Paris, pp 79-83.@No$Perlemuter, G., Montani, D. and Perlemuter, L. (2012).@Ulcère gastrique et duodénal, In: Hépato-gastro-entérologie: chirurgie digestive.@2e édition, Paris : Elsevier Masson, (2012), p.441-462.@No$Dupas, J.L. and Grigy, C. (2004).@Traitements curatif et préventif des ulcèresgastroduodénaux induits par les AINS.@Gastro-entérologie Clinique et Biologique, 28(3), 77-83.@No$Didier, D. S., Emmanuel, M. M., Alfred, N., France, K. M., & Lagarde, B. J. (2011).@Ethnobotanique et phytomédecine des plantes médicinales de Douala, Cameroun.@Journal of Applied Biosciences, 37, 2496-2507.@Yes$Amang, A.P., Mezui, C., Siwe, T.G., Zondengoumba, E.N., Enonchong G.E. and Tan, P.V. (2017).@Prophylactic and Healing Activities of the Leaves Aqueous Extract of Eremomastax speciosa on Gastric Ulcers in Rats.@J. Adv. Biol. Biotech., 12(3), 1-13.@Yes$Tony, F. (2005).@Nutritional and diet resource of cancer prevention and survival.@3rd Edition Replica press Ltd, Washington, pp 51-60.@No$Sore, H., Hilou, A., Sombie, P.A., Compaore, M., Meda, R., Millogo, J. and Nacoulma, O. (2012).@Photochemistry and Biological Activities of Extracts from Two Combretaceae Found in Burkina Faso: Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill. and Perr. and Combretum glutinosum Perr. Ex DC.@Univers. J. Environ. Res. Tech., 2(5), 383-392.@Yes$Ouattara, Y., Sanon, S., Traoré, Y., Mahiou, V., Azas, N. and Sawadogo L. (2006).@Antimalarial activity of Swartzia madagascariensis Desv. (Leguminosae), Combretum glutinosum Guill. & perr. (Combretaceae) and Tinospora bakismiers. (Menispermaceae), Burkina Faso medicinal plants.@Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Altern. Med., 3(1), 75-81.@Yes$Yahaya, O., Yabefa, J. and Usman, B. (2012).@Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Combretum glutinosum extract against some Human pathogens.@Brit. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 3(5), 233-236.@Yes$Vautier, H., Sanon, M., Sacandé, M., and Schmidt L. (2017).@Combretum glutinosum Perrot. ex DC.@Seed Leaflet, Forest and Landscape, 128, 1-3.@No$Harborne J.B. (1998).@Phytochemical Methods. A Guide to modern Techniques of Plant Analysis.@5th Edition, Chapman and Hall Ltd, London, pp 21-27.@Yes$Hara, N., and Okabe, S. (1985).@Effect of gefernate on acute lesions in rats.@Folio Pharmacologia Japonica, 85(6), 443-448.@Yes$Tan, P.V., Nditafon, G.N., Yewah, M.P., Ayafor, J.F. and Dimo, T. (1996).@Eremomastax speciosa: Effect on the leaf aqueous extract on ulcer formation and gastric secretion in rats.@J. Ethnopharmacol., 54(3), 139-142.@Yes$Sun, Z., Matsumoto, T. and Yamada, H., (1992).@Anti-ulcer activity and mode of action of the polysaccharide fraction from the leaves of Panax ginseng.@Plant. Medic., 58(5), 432-435.@Yes$Pillai, N.R. and Santhakumari, G. (1984).@Effects of nimbidin on acute and chronic gastro duodenal ulcer models in experimental animals.@Planta Medica., 50(2), 143-147.@Yes$Miller, T.A. (1982).@Protective effect of prostaglandins against gastric mucosal damage: Current knowledge and proposed mechanisms.@Amer. J. Physiol., 245(5), 601-603.@Yes$Mezui, C., Longo, F., Nkenfou, C., Amang, P.A., Fokou, N. and Tan, P.V. (2015).@Gastro-Cytoprotective And Healing Effects Of The Stem Barks Aqueous Extract Of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) On Gastric Ulcers.@World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 4(6), 1-13.@No$Williams, S.E. and Turnberg, L.A. (1980).@Retardation of acid diffusion by pig gastric mucosa: A potential role in mucosal protection.@Gastroenterology, 79(2), 299-304.@Yes$Ndji, O.L., Amang, P.A., Mezui, C., Nkwengoua, Z.E., Tan, P.V. and Nyasse, B. (2016).@Gastric Ulcer Protective and Antioxidant Activity of The Leaf Ethanol Extract of Emilia praetermissa Milne-Redh (Asteraceae) In Rats.@J. Int. Res. Med. Pharm. Sci., 6(2), 98-107.@Yes$Selling, J.A., Hogan, H., Aly, D.L., Koss, M.A. and Isengerg, J.I. (1987).@Indometacin inhibits duodenal bicarbonate secretion and endogenous prostaglandin E2 output in human subjects.@Ann. Int. Med., 106(6), 368-371.@Yes$Okokon, J.E., Antia, B.S. and Emem, E.E. (2009).@Antiulcerogenic activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Lasianthera africana.@Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Altern. Med., 6(2), 150-154.@Yes$Mezui, C., Nkenfou, C., Amang, A.P., Ndji, O.G., Nkwengoua, E., Djougné, P., Lémoupa, B., Fouman, J.M. and Tan, P.V. (2017).@Gastroprotective, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of the Aqueous Root Bark Extract of Cassia arereh Del. (Caesalpiniaceae) in a Wistar Rat Model.@J. Adv. Biol. Biotech., 12(4), 1-13.@Yes$Borrelli, F., and Izzo, A.A.(2000).@The plant kingdom as a source of anti-ulcer remedies.@Phytother. Res., 14(8), 581-591.@Yes$Panda, V.S. and Khambat, P.D. (2014).@Antiulcer activity of Garcinia indica fruit rind (kokum berry) in rats.@Biomed. Ag. Pathol., 4(4), 309-316.@Yes <#LINE#>Epidemiological Study of Stroke patients admitted to hospitals in Touggourt, Algeria<#LINE#>Leguemairi @Maroua,Salem @Saadia,Derouiche @Samir <#LINE#>12-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-113.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, El Oued University, El Oued 39000, El Oued, Algeria@Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, El Oued University, El Oued 39000, El Oued, Algeria@Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, El Oued University, El Oued 39000, El Oued, Algeria<#LINE#>14/10/2019<#LINE#>24/4/2020<#LINE#>The Goal of the present study is to evaluation of the epidemiological variations with relation to stroke in the Touggourt population. Our epidemiological study was carried out on 605 stroke patients admitted to hospital Sliman Amiratin the period (January 2015 to August 2019) in Touggourt region. In Results for 506 cases of stroke recorded , 42% of the patients were aged between 50-70 years, 42% of the patients are aged more than 70 years, 15% patients are ages between 30-50 years and 1% patient are aged less than 30 years. In the other hand, 47% of cancer patients are men versus 53% are women. In this study, 60% of the patients had a ischemic stroke whereas 15% of the people were affected by hemorrhagic stroke. Concerning length of stay, the majority cases 80% stay in hospital less to 10 days of a total cases study. Hence epidemiological studies are needed to understand and improve facilities and implement effective treatment measures to control the disease and thus help to reduce mortality in the society associated with the disease.<#LINE#>Andrade, S. E., Harrold, L. R., Tjia, J., Cutrona, S. L., Saczynski, J. S., Dodd, K. S., & Gurwitz, J. H. (2012).@A systematic review of validated methods for identifying cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack using administrative data.@Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 21, 100-128.@Yes$Azarpazhooh, M. R., Mandzia, J. L., Thrift, A. G., Sposato, L. A., Morovatdar, N., Amiri, A., ... & Alladi, S. (2019).@Age, sex, and setting in the etiology of stroke study (ASSESS): Study design and protocol.@Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 399, 209-213.@Yes$Lin, H. C., Tsai, W. C., Lin, J. R., Chang, W. N., Huang, C. C., Wang, H. C., ... & Cheng, B. C. (2019).@Adjunctive statin therapy reduces intracranial hemorrhage and 1-year mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation after acute ischemic stroke: A population-based epidemiological study from Taiwan.@Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 69, 224-229.@Yes$Rothwell, P.M ., Coull, A.J., Giles, M.F., Howard, S.C., Silver, L.E., Bull, L.M., Gutnikov, S.A., Edwards, P., Mant, D., Sackley, C.M., Farmer, A., Sandercock, P.A.G., Dennis. M.S., Warlow, C.P., Bamford, J.M. & Anslow, P. (2004).@Change in strok e incidence, mortality, case-fatality, severity, and risk factors in Oxfordshire, UK from 1981 to 2004 (Oxford Vascular Study).@The LANCET , 363, 1925-1932.@No$Calafiore, A. M., Di Mauro, M., Teodori, G., Di Giammarco, G., Cirmeni, S., Contini, M., ... & Pano, M. (2002).@Impact of aortic manipulation on incidence of cerebrovascular accidents after surgical myocardial revascularization.@The Annals of thoracic surgery, 73(5), 1387-1393.@Yes$Parisa; P.&Melissa, Z.(2019).@Cerebrovascular accident in a pediatric patient presenting with influenza.@The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 57(1), 17-19.@Yes$Abdullah, S., Serefnur, O., Hakan, E., Aslıhan, S., Sedat, A. & Ali, U. (2018).@Elevated Urinary Methyl malonic Acid/ creatinine ratio and Serum Sterol levels in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.@Revista Română de Medicină de Laborator, 26(1), 52-57.@Yes$Tournier, P. H., Aliferis, I., Bonazzoli, M., De Buhan, M., Darbas, M., Dolean, V., & Nataf, F. (2019).@Microwave tomographic imaging of cerebrovascular accidents by using high-performance computing.@Parallel Computing, 85, 88-97.@Yes$Andrabi, S. S., Ali, M., Tabassum, H., Parveen, S., & Parvez, S. (2019).@Pramipexole prevents ischemic cell death via mitochondrial pathways in ischemic stroke.@Disease models & mechanisms, 12(8), dmm033860.@Yes$Derouiche, S., Atoussi, N. & Guediri, S. (2018).@The Study of Socioeconomic and Clinic Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Algerian Women Population.@Frontiers in Biomedical Technologies, 5(3-4), 51-57.@Yes$Daniela, M., Larissa, T., Marcus, V., Aline, G., Luana, C., Christina, D. & Paula, L. (2019).@Aerobic Training Efficacy in Inflammation, Neurotrophins, and Function in Chronic Stroke persons: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.@Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 28(2), 418-424.@Yes$Atoussi, N., Guediri, S. & Derouiche, S. (2018).@Changes in Haematological, Biochemical and Serum Electrolytes Markers in Women Breast Cancer Patients.@Scholars Journal of Research in Agriculture and Biology, 3(2), 173-177.@Yes$Derouiche, S., Doudi Dalal, & Atia, N. (2018).@Study of Oxidative Stress during Pregnancy.@Glob J Pharmaceu Sci, 4(5).@No$Ingrid Žitňanová, PavolŠiarnik, BranislavKollár, et al., (2016).@Oxidative Stress Markers and Their Dynamic Changes in Patients after Acute Ischemic Stroke.@Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9761697.@Yes$Marinkovic, S. P., & Badlani, G. (2001).@Voiding and sexual dysfunction after cerebrovascular accidents.@The Journal of Urology, 165(2), 359-370.@Yes$Towfighi, A., Saver, J. L., Engelhardt, R., & Ovbiagele, B. (2007).@A midlife stroke surge among women in the United States.@Neurology, 69(20), 1898-1904.@Yes$Sanne, A., Yankuba, S., Diana, M., Rachel, R.&Mark, W.(2016).@Total cholesterol as a risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke in women compared with men: A systematic review and meta-analysis.@Atherosclerosis, 248 (123), 124-129.@No$Ahnstedt, H., & Mc Cullough, L. D. (2019).@The impact of sex and age on T cell immunity and ischemic stroke outcomes.@Cellular Immunology, 345, 01-18.@Yes$Gainey, J., Brechtel, L., Konklin, S., Madeline, L., Lowther, E., Blum, B., & Nathaniel, T. I. (2018).@In a stroke cohort with incident hypertension; are more women than men likely to be excluded from recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA)?.@Journal of the neurological sciences, 387, 139-146.@Yes$Li, C., Baek, J., Sanchez, B. N., Morgenstern, L. B., & Lisabeth, L. D. (2018).@Temporal trends in age at ischemic stroke onset by ethnicity.@Annals of epidemiology, 28(10), 686-690.@Yes$Ritzel, R. M., Lai, Y. J., Crapser, J. D., Patel, A. R., Schrecengost, A., Grenier, J. M., ... & Venna, V. R. (2018).@Aging alters the immunological response to ischemic stroke.@Acta neuropathologica, 136(1), 89-110.@Yes$Rothwell, P. M., Coull, A. J., Silver, L. E., Fairhead, J. F., Giles, M. F., Lovelock, C. E., ... & Binney, L. E. (2005).@Population-based study of event-rate, incidence, case fatality, and mortality for all acute vascular events in all arterial territories (Oxford Vascular Study).@The Lancet, 366(9499), 1773-1783.@Yes$Ritzel, R. M., Lai, Y. J., Crapser, J. D., Patel, A. R., Schrecengost, A., Grenier, J. M., ... & Venna, V. R. (2018).@Aging alters the immunological response to ischemic stroke.@Acta neuropathologica, 136(1), 89-110.@Yes$Sun, S., Pan, Y., Bai, L., Zhao, X., Liu, L., Li, H., ... & Wang, Y. (2019).@GWTG risk model for all stroke types predicts in-hospital and 3-month mortality in chinese patients with acute stroke.@Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 28(3), 800-806.@Yes$Zhang, H., Lin, S., Chen, X., Gu, L., Zhu, X., Zhang, Y., ... & Jin, K. (2019).@The effect of age, sex and strains on the performance and outcome in animal models of stroke.@Neurochemistry international, 127, 2-11.@Yes$Lichtman, J. H., Leifheit-Limson, E. C., Jones, S. B., Wang, Y., & Goldstein, L. B. (2016).@Average temperature, diurnal temperature variation, and stroke hospitalizations.@Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 25(6), 1489-1494.@Yes$Towfighi, A., Saver, J. L., Engelhardt, R., & Ovbiagele, B. (2007).@A midlife stroke surge among women in the United States.@Neurology, 69(20), 1898-1904.@Yes$Merel, S., Esther, M., Aneesh, B., Kay, S., Stephanie, D., Anil, M.& Frank, E.(2018).@Epidemiology, etiology, and management of ischemic stroke in young adults.@Lancet Neurol, 790-801(17), 790-799.@No <#LINE#>Toxicities of senary and septenary mixtures of five metals and two phenols to Pseudomonas fluorescens<#LINE#>Christian O. @Nweke,Ikenna N. @Nwachukwu,Christian C. @Opurum,Maureen N. @Aguh <#LINE#>19-31<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-123.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B 1526 Owerri, Nigeria@Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B 1526 Owerri, Nigeria@Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B 1526 Owerri, Nigeria@Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, P.M.B 1526 Owerri, Nigeria<#LINE#>28/12/2019<#LINE#>20/7/2020<#LINE#>Toxicities of senary (Ni(II) + Co(II) + Zn(II) + Cd(II) + Pb(II) + 2-Chlorophenol and Ni(II) + Co(II) + Zn(II) + Cd(II) + Pb(II) + Phenol) and septenary (Ni(II) + Co(II) + Zn(II) + Cd(II) + Pb(II) + Phenol + 2-Chlorophenol) mixtures of five metals and two phenols to Pseudomonas fluorescens were assessed through dehydrogenase inhibition. Fixed ratio mixtures comprising equieffect concentration ratio (EECR) mixtures and arbitrarily chosen mixture ratios (ABCR) were used to determine the joint effects of these heavy metals in mixture with either 2-chlorophenol or phenol or both. The concentration-response relationships of all the toxicants and their mixtures were describable by logistic model. Generally, concentration addition (CA) predicted higher toxicities than independent action (IA) models. The mixture toxicities were generally synergistic. This is of environmental concern and underlines the hazard in discharging effluents containing phenols and heavy metals.<#LINE#>Keither L, Tellard W (1979).@Priority pollutants. A perspective view.@Environmental Science and Technology, 13, 416-423.@Yes$Jansen E., Michels M. H. A., Van Til, M. and Doelman, P. (1994).@Effects of heavy metals in soil microbial diversity and activity as shown by the sensitivity-resistance index, an ecologically relevant parameter.@Biology and Fertility of Soils, 17, 177 - 184.@Yes$Wood J. M. and Wang H. K. (1983).@Microbial Resistance to Heavy Metals.@Environmental Science and Technology, 17, 582 - 590.@Yes$Gadd G.M. (1993).@Interactions of fungi with toxic metals.@New Phytologist, 124, 25 - 60.@Yes$Gikas, P. (2008).@Single and combined effects of Nickel and cobalt ions on activated sludge and on other aerobic microorganism: A review.@Journal of Harzard Materials, 159, 187-203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02. 048@Yes$Nies D.H. (1992).@Resistance to Cadmium, Cobalt, Zinc, and Nickel in Microbes.@Plasmid, 27, 17 - 28.@Yes$Swarts M., Verhagen F., Field J., and Wijnberg J. (1998).@Trichlorinated phenols from Hypholoma elongatum. Phytochemisry.@49, 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)01067-4@Yes$Kohring G-W., Zhang X., and Wiegel J., (1989).@Anaerobic dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol in fresh water sediments in the presence of sulphate.@Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 55(10), 2735 - 2737.@Yes$Zhang, X., and Wiegel, J., (1990).@Sequential anaerobic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in freshwater sediments.@Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56(4), 1119 - 1127.@Yes$Fukumori, F., and Hausinger, R., (1993).@Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetatemono oxygenase is an α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase.@Journal of Bacteriology, 175, 2083 - 2086.@Yes$Nwanyanwu C. E and Abu G. O. (2012).@Growth and degradation responses of phenol-utilizing bacteria to increased doses of phenol in petroleum refinery waste water.@International Journal of Biosciences, 2, 125-134.@Yes$Silva F. L. F., Matos W. O. and Lopes G.S. (2015).@Determination of cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel and zinc contents in saline produced water from the petroleum industry by ICP OES after cloud point extraction.@Analytical Methods,. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ C5AY01026H@Yes$Ma X. Y. Wang X. C. (2013).@Ecotoxicity comparison of organic contaminants and heavy metals using Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. Q67.@Water Science and Technology, 67(10), 2221-2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.113.@Yes$Mccarty L.S. and Borgert C. J. (2006).@Review of toxicity of chemical mixtures: Theory, Policy and Regulatory Practice.@Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 36, 198 - 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.03.004@Yes$Nweke C.O., Umeh S. I. and Ohale V. K. (2018).@Toxicity of four metals and their mixtures to Pseudomonas fluorescens: An assessment using fixed ratio ray design.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination, 13(1), 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5132/eec.2018.01.01@Yes$Brain P. and Cousens R. (1989).@An equation to describe dose responses where there is stimulation of growth at low doses.@Weed Research, 29, 93-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365-3180.1989.tb00845.x@Yes$Schabenberger O., Tharp B. E., Kells, J. J. and Penner, D., (1999).@Statistical test for hormesis and effective dosages in herbicide dose-response.@Agronomy Journal, 91, 713-721. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1999.914713x@Yes$Nweke, C. O., Orji, J. C., Ahumibe, N. C., (2015).@Prediction of phenolic compound and formulated glyphosate toxicity in binary mixtures using Rhizobium species dehydrogenase activity.@Advances in Life Sciences, 5(2), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.als.20150502.01@Yes$Altenburger R., Backhaus T., Boedeker W., Faust M., Scholze M. and Grimme L.H. (2000).@Predictability of the toxicity of multiple chemical mixtures to Vibrio fischeri: mixtures composed of similarly acting chemicals.@Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 19(9), 2341-2347. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620190926@Yes$Boillot C. and Perrodin Y. (2008).@Joint-action ecotoxicity of binary mixtures of glutaraldehyde and surfactants used in hospitals: use of the Toxicity Index model and isobologram representation.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 71, 252-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ecoenv.2007.08.010.@Yes$Pravez S., Venkataraman C. and Mukherji, S. (2009).@Nature and prevalence of non-additive toxic effects in industrially relevant mixtures of organic compound.@Chemosphere, 75(11), 1429-1439. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.chemosphere.2009.03.005@Yes$Bruins M. R., Kapil S. and Oehme F. W. (2000).@Microbial resistance to metals in the environment.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 45, 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1999.1860@Yes$Nweke, C. O., Okolo, J. C. Nwanyanwu, C. E. and Alisi, C. S. (2006).@Response of planktonic bacteria of New Calabar River to zinc stress.@African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(8), 653 - 658.@Yes$Orji J. C., Nweke, C. O., Nwabueze R. N., Anyaegbu B., Chukwu J. C., Chukwueke, C. P. and Nwanyanwu, C. E. (2008).@Impacts of some divalent cations on periplasmic nitrate reductase and dehydrogenase enzymes of Escherichia, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species.@Revista Ambiente e água, 3(2), 5 - 18.@Yes$Nweke C. O. and Okpokwasili, G. C. (2012).@Kinetics of dose-response relationship of heavy metals with dehydrogenase activity in wastewater bacteria.@Journal of Research in Biology, 2(4), 392 - 402.@No$Nwanyanwu C. E., Adieze I. E., Nweke C. O. and. Nzeh B. C. (2017).@Combined effects of metals and chlorophenols on dehydrogenase activity of bacterial consortium.@International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(4), 10 - 20.@Yes$Rathnayake I. V. N., Megharaj M., Krishnamurti G. S. R., Bolan N. S. and Naidu R. (2013).@Heavy metal toxicity to bacteria-Are the existing growth media accurate enough to determine heavy metal toxicity?@Chemosphere, 90, 1195 - 1200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.09.036@Yes$Wasi, S., Jeelani, G., & Ahmad, M. (2008).@Biochemical characterization of a multiple heavy metal, pesticides and phenol resistant Pseudomonas fluorescens strain.@Chemosphere, 71(7), 1348-1355. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.chemosphere.2007.11.023@Yes$Wasi S., Tabrez S., and Ahmad M. (2010),@Isolation and Characterization of a Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain Tolerant to Major Indian Water Pollutants.@Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation 1, 101 https://doi.org/ 10.4172/2155-6199.1000101@Yes$Jarosławiecka A. and Piotrowska-Seget Z. (2014).@Lead resistance in micro-organisms.@Microbiology, 160, 12 - 25. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.070284-0@Yes$Keweloh H., Weyrauch G., and Rehm H. J. (1990).@Phenol induced membrane changes in free and immobilized Escherichia coli.@Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 33, 65 - 71.@Yes$Heipieper H. J., Keweloh H., Rehm H. J., (1991).@Influence of phenols on growth and membrane permeability of free and immobilized Escherichia coli.@Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 57, 1213 - 1217.@Yes$Nweke C. O. and Okpokwasili G. C. (2010).@Inhibition of dehydrogenase activity in petroleum refinery wastewater bacteria by phenolic compounds.@Revista Ambiente e água, 5(1), 6 - 16@No$Abbondanzi F., Cachada, A., Campisi T.; Guerra R., Raccagni M., Iacondini A. (2003).@Optimisation of a microbial bioassay for contaminated soil monitoring: bacterial inoculum standardisation and comparison with Microtox® assay.@Chemosphere, 53, 889 - 897. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00717-3@Yes$Nweke C. O. Mbachu I. A. C., Opurum C. C. and Mbagwu C. L. (2017).@Toxicity of quaternary mixtures of metals to aquatic microbial community.@International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 11(3), 30-37.@No$Zhu B-Z, Shechtman S., Chevion M. (2001).@Synergistic cytotoxicity between pentachlorophenol and copper in a bacterial model.@Chemosphere 45, 463-470. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00582-8.@Yes$Kim K.T., Lee Y. G., Kim S. D. (2006a).@Combined toxicity of copper and phenol derivatives to Daphnia magna: Effects of complexation reaction.@Environment International, 32, 487-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint. 2005.11.002@Yes$Kim K. T., Kim I. S., Hwang S. H., Kim S. D. (2006b).@Estimating the combined effects of copper and phenol to nitrifying bacteria in wastewater treatment plants.@Water Research, 40, 561-568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres. 2005.12.020@Yes$Okolo J. C., Nweke C. O., Nwabueze R. N., Dike C. U. and Nwanyanwu C. E. (2007).@Toxicity of phenolic compounds to oxidore ductases of Acinetobacter species isolated from a tropical soil.@Scientific Research and Essay, 2(7), 244 - 250.@Yes$Boyd E. M., Meharg A. A., Wright J. and. Killgam K. (1997).@Assessment of toxicological interaction of benzene and its primary degradation products (catechol and phenol) using a lux -modified bacterial bioassay.@Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16(5), 849-856. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/etc.5620160503@Yes$Sinclair G.M., Paton, G.I. Meharg, A.A. and Killham, K. (1999).@Lux- biosensor assessment of pH effects on microbial sorption and toxicity of chlorophenols.@FEMS Microbiology Letters, 174, 273-278. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13579.x@Yes$Christofi N., Hoffmann, C. and Tosh, L. (2002).@Hormesis responses of free and immobilized light-emitting bacteria.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 52, 227 - 231. https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2002.2203@Yes$Zaki, S., Abd-El-Haleem, D., Abulhamd, A., Elbery, H. and Abuelreesh, G. (2008).@Influence of phenolics on the sensitivity of free and immobilized bioluminescent Acinetobacter bacterium.@Microbiological Research, 163(3), 277-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2006. 07. 006.@Yes$Backhaus T., Altenburger R., Boedeker W. Faust M. Scholze M. and Grimme L. H. (2000).@Predictability of the toxicity of a multiple mixture of dissimilarly acting chemicals to Vibrio fischeri.@Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 19(9), 2348-2356. https://doi.org/10.1002/ etc.5620190927@Yes$Faust M., Altenburger R., Backhaus T., Boedeker W., Scholze M. and Grimme L.H. (2000).@Predictive assessment of the aquatic toxicity of multiple chemical mixtures.@Journal of Environmental Quality, 29, 1063 - 1068. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2000.004724250029000 40005x@Yes$Mo L., Zhu Z., Zhu Y., Zeng H. and Li Y. (2014).@Prediction and evaluation of the mixture toxicity of twelve phenols and ten anilines to the freshwater photobacterium Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67.@Journal of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/728254@Yes$Pöch, G., (1993).@Combined Effects of Drugs and Toxic Agents: Modern Evaluation Theory and Practice.@Springer-Verlag, Wein.@Yes @Short Communication <#LINE#>Inversion Polymorphism in Polytene Chromosomes of Sarcophaga (Sarcophagidae: Diptera)<#LINE#>Uma Rani @Agrawal,Jaya @Tripathi <#LINE#>32-34<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-065.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, CMP P G College, A constituent College of University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, UP, India@Zoology Department, Iswar Saran P G College, A constituent College of University of Alllahabad-211002, UP, India<#LINE#>5/12/2019<#LINE#>27/1/2020<#LINE#>Cytological investigations using polytene chromosomes as a tool have demonstrated that inversion polymorphism is widespread in several members of the order Diptera. In the family sarcophagidae, which comprises several synanthropic and necrophagous filth flies however, chromosomal analysis in several species have been done, only a few cases of inversion polymorphism have been reported earlier. In the present communication some more cases of chromosomal polymorphism have been discussed.<#LINE#>Gupta, J.P. and Kumar, A. (1987).@Cytogenetics of Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae).@Genetica, 74, 19-25.@Yes$Ananina, G., Peixoto, A. A., Souza, W. N. and Klaczko, L.B. (2002).@Polytene chromosome map and inversion polymorphism in Drosophila mediopunctata.@Mem. Insi. Oswaldacruz, 97(5), 691-694.@Yes$Ananina, G., Rhode, C., David, J. R., Valentle, V. L. S. and Klaczko, L. B. (2007).@Inversion polymorphism and a new polytene chromosome map of Zaprionus indianus Gupta (1970) (Diptera: Drosophilidae).@Genetica, 131(2), 117-125.@Yes$Aulard, S., Monti, L., Chaminado, N. and Lemeunier, F. (2004).@Mitotic and polytene chromosomes: comparisons between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans.@Genetica, 120, 137-150.@Yes$Claudia, R., Degrandi, T. H., de Toni, D. C. and Valente, V. L. S. (2005).@Drosophila willistoni polytene chromosomes. I. pericentric inversion on X chromosome.@Caryologia, 58(3), 249-254.@Yes$Singh, B.N. (2010).@Pattern of inversion polymorphism in three species of the Drosophila melanogaster species group.@Indian J. Exp. Biol., 48, 335-345.@Yes$Singh, B.N., Singh, S. and Banerjee, P. (2012).@A comparison between polytene chromosomes of two sibling species of Drosophila: D.annanassae and D. pallodosa.@Dros. Inf. Service, 95, 50-54.@Yes$Claudia, R. and Valente, V. L. S. (2012).@Three decades of studies on chromosomal polymorphism of Drosophila willistoni and description of fifty different rearrangements.@Genet. Mol. Biol., 35(4), 966-979.@Yes$Corbett-Detig, R. B. and Hartl, D. L. (2012).@Population genomics of Inversion polymorphisms in Drosophila melanogaster.@PLOS Genetics, 8(12), e1003056. Httos://doi.org?1o.1371/journal pgen.1003056.@Yes$Carolina, G and Valente, V.L.S. (2018).@Drosophila chromosomal polymorphism: From population aspects to origin mechanisms of inversions.@Open access peer reviewed chapter, DOI: 10e5772/intectiopen,73246@Yes$Krastanov, B. (2005).@Chromosome polymorphism in Chironomus balatonicus devai, Walker, Scholl (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Bourgas lake.@Proceeding of the Balkan Scientific Conference of Biology in Plovidiv (Bulgaria), pp.560-567.@Yes$Philinkova, T.N. (2007).@Chromosomal polymorphism of Chironomus phimosus Linneaus and Chironomus entis Shobanov (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the south Transural region.@Comparative Cytogenetics, 1(1), 55-58.@Yes$Kiknadze, I.I. and Istomina, A.G. (2010).@Karyotype and chromosomal polymorphism of Chironomus luridus Strenzke, 1959 (Diptera: Chironomidae) in European and Asian populations.@Comparative Cytogenetics, 4(1), 27-43.@Yes$Kiknadze, I.I., Broshkov, A.D., Istomina, A.G., Gunderina, L.I. and Vallenduk, H. (2008).@Geographic variability of the polytene chromosome banding sequence of non-biting midge Chironomus pseudothummi Str (Diptera: Chironomidae).@Cell and Tissue Biology, 2(4), 417-427.@Yes$Kamokov, M.K. (2018).@Karyotype characteristics and chromosomal polymorphism of Chironomus "annularius" sensu strenzke (1959) (Diptera: Chironomidae) from the Caucasus region.@Comparative Cytogenetics, 12(3), 267-284.@Yes$Bedo, D.G., Spradbery, J.P. and Mahon, R.J. (1994).@Cytogenetic variation in natural populations of the old world screwworm fly Chrysomia bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae).@Genome, 37(3), 391-398.@Yes$Puchalla, S. (1994).@Polytene chromosomes of monogenic and amphogenic Chrysomia species (Calliphoridae: Diptera): analysis of banding patterns and in situ hybridization with Drosophila sex determining gene sequences.@Chromosoma, 103(1), 16-30.@Yes$Li, H., Chun-Lin, Z., Ying-Hai, J. and Han-Bin, C. (2012).@Polytene chromosomes of Simulum (Wilhelmia) xingyiense (Diptera: Simuliidae) from China.@Acta Entomologica Sinica, 55(8), 988-993.@Yes$Kaul, D. and Tewari, R.R. (1978).@Chromosomal polymorphism in flesh flies of the genus Parasarcophaga (Sarcophagidae: Diptera).@Chromosome Information service (Japan), 25, 15-17.@Yes$Agrawal, U.R., Tewari, R.R. and Kurahashi, H. (1988).@Inversion polymorphism in Boettcherisca peregrina (R.D.): Sarcophagidae: Diptera.@Chromosome Information Service (Japan), 44, 26-27.@Yes$Kaur, P. (1995).@Chromosomal polymorphism in Bercea haemorrhoidalis (Sarcophagidae: Diptera).@Nucleus, 38(1-2): 26-28.@Yes$Kaul D., Tewari, R. R. and Agrawal U.R. (1983).@Puffing activity in the foot pad chromosomes of Parasarcophaga ruficornis (Fab.) (Sarcophagidae:Diptera).@La Kromosomo (Japan), II-32, 961-970.@Yes$Kaul, D. and Tewari, R. R. (1978b).@Polytene chromosomes of the flesh fly Parasarcophaga argyrostoma (Sarcophagidae: Diptera).@Genetica, 49, 189-197.@Yes$Kaul, D. and Tewari, R.R.(1983).@Interspecific comparison of polytene chromosomes in the genus Parasarcophaga (Sarcophagidae: Diptera).@Genetica, (den Hague) 62: 129-138.@Yes <#LINE#>Distribution of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy in the koch Rajbanshi ethnic group of Jhapa, Nepal<#LINE#>Gita @Shrestha,Nanda Bahadur @Singh <#LINE#>35-38<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-084.pdf<#LINE#>Mechi Multiple Campus, Bhadrapur, Jhapa, Nepal@Central Department of Zoology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal<#LINE#>30/11/2018<#LINE#>14/5/2020<#LINE#>Thalassemia and haemoglobinopathies are the most frequent monogenetic haemolytic disorders worldwide. Beta- thalassemia is an emerging global health burden. The study in the different ethnic groups of Nepal regarding incidence of various types of thalassemia is scarce, despite Nepal being included in the World Thalassemia Belt. The current study was done in the Koch Rajbanshi ethnic group of eastern Nepal to determine different varieties of thalassemia and haemoglobinopathies present in them. Three hundred (300) individuals were randomly selected for screening. The screening was done by complete blood count test and microscopical study of peripheral blood smear. The positive samples were further analysed by haemoglobin electrophoresis. Out of total 300 cases 57 cases (19%) showed abnormal red cell indices. Based on the level of haemoglobin A2 and haemoglobin E levels, 26 cases with HbE heterozygote/trait and 31 cases with HbE homozygote/ disease were diagnosed. Hence it was deciphered that haemoglobin variants are a common genetic problem in the Koch Rajbanshi ethnic group.<#LINE#>Weatherall, D.J. (2007).@Haemoglobin and inherited disorders of globin synthesis.@Post Graduate Haematology 5th edt. Oxforf: Butterworth Heinimann. Chapter 6. 85-103.@Yes$Kuhansu, W., Schimidt, K.J. (1999).@Identification and clinical presentation of beta thalassemia mutations in theeastern regions of Saudia Arabia.@J Med Genet., 36, 937-937.@Yes$Olivieri, N.F., Pakbaj, Z., Vinchinsky, H. et al. (2011).@Hbe / beta thalassemia a common and clinically diverse disorder.@Indian J Med Res., 134(4), 522-31.@Yes$World Health Organisation (2008).@Management of haemoglobin disorders: report of a joint WHO-TIF meeting Nicosia.@Cyprus, 16-18 Nov. 2007.@Yes$Kim, J.E. Kim, B.R. Woo, K.S. Kim, J.M. Park, J.L. Han, J.Y. (2011).@Comparision of capillary electrophoresis and cellulose acetate electrophoresis for the screening of haemoglobinopathies.@Korean J. Lab Med., 31(4), 238-43.@No$Pranapus, S., Siricholiyakul, S., Srisopundit, K., Tongsong, T. (2009).@Sensitivity and specificity of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) for screening alpha thalassemia-1-trait and beta thalassemia trait.@J Med Assoc India., 6, 739-43.@Yes$Bastola, G., Acharya, R., Dhakal, N., Gupta, U.K., (2017).@Study of thalassemia and haemoglobinopathies in Pokhara, Nepal.@Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research., 11(11), 15-18.@Yes$Jha, R. (2015).@Distribution of haemoglobinopathies in patients presenting for electrophoresis and comparison of result with high performance liquid chromatography.@Journal of Pathology Nepal., 5(10), 850-858.@Yes$Sakai, Y. (2000).@Molecular Analysis of Alpha thalassemia: co-relation with malaria endemicity.@Journal of Human Genetics. 45(3), 127-132.@Yes$Goswami, B., Pramanik, R., Chakrabarty, S., Pal, P.P., Banerjee, S., Bandhopadhyay, A. (2014).@Spectrum of haemoglobin variants in the population of northern region of West Bengal: An Ethnogenetic Proposition.@J Fam Med Prim Care., 3(1), 219-233.@Yes$Mondal, S. K., Dasgupta, S., Mondal, S., & Das, N. (2014).@Spectrum of thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in West Bengal: A study of 90,210 cases by cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography method over a period of 8 years.@Journal of applied Hematology, 5(3), 91.@Yes$Das, B., Sengupts, S. (2008).@HbE genotypes and fertility; a study on Tibeto-burmesepopulation in upper Assam, India.@Annals of human biology., 35(4), 422-31.@Yes$Kalita, B. and Mehdi, S. (2016).@A cross-sectional study of the Haemoglobin variants in north east India.@Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research., 5(2), 72-79.@Yes$Baruah, M. K., Saikia, M., & Baruah, A. (2014).@Pattern of hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias in upper Assam region of North Eastern India: high performance liquid chromatography studies in 9000 patients.@Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 57(2), 236.@Yes$Mohanty, D., Colah, R., Gorakshakar, A., and Patel, R.Z (2013). Prevalence of Beta-thalassemia and other haemoglobinopathies in six cities of India. A multi-centre study.@J Community Genet, 4, 33-42.@undefined@Yes <#LINE#>Seasonal variations of zooplankton in an aquatic pond near Bagbazar, Chandannagar, Hooghly, WB, India<#LINE#>Rituparna @Sarkar <#LINE#>39-42<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-091.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Environmental Science, Chandernagore College, Chandannagar, Hooghly - 712 136, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>30/8/2019<#LINE#>6/4/2020<#LINE#>Seasonal variations of zooplankton in an aquatic pond near Bagbazar, Chandannagar, Hooghly, W.B. was studied during the period of March, 2018 to February, 2019. Four seasons viz., summer (Mach-May, 2018), monsoon (June-September, 2018), post-monsoon (Ocober-November, 2018) and winter (December-February, 2019) were selected for the study. During the study period 10 different genera of zooplanktons of different groups (rotifera, cladocera, copepoda and ostracoda) were collected and identified. Maximum abundance of zooplankton species were found during summer and monsoon season. Rotifers were found dominant groups during the study period.<#LINE#>Patel, V., Shukla, S.N. and Patel, V.K. (2013).@Studies on the Diversity of zooplankton and their seasonal variations in Govindsagar lake at Rewa (M.P).@Ind. J. Appl. Res., 3(11), 544-546. https://www.worldwidejournals.com doi: 10.15373/2249555x@Yes$Alam, A.K.M.N., Islam, M.A., Mollah, M.F.A. and Haque, M.S. (1987).@Status of zooplankton newly constructed pond and their relation to some meteorological and limnologic factors.@Bangladesh Journal of fisheries, 10(1), 83-88.@Yes$Jeppensen, E., Jensen, J.P., Sondergaard, M. and Lauridsen, T.L. (1999).@Trophic dynamics in turbid and Clearwater lakes with special emphasis on the role of zooplankton for water clarity.@Hydrobiologia, 408/409, 217-231. https://www.semanticscholar.org doi:10.1023/A:10170716 00 486@Yes$Ramchandra, T.V. and Solanki, M. (2007).@Ecological Assessement of Lentic Water Bodies of Bangalore.@Envis Technical Report: 25. Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/, http://ces.iisc. ernet.in/biodiversity@Yes$Ahamad, V., Parveen, S., Khan, A.A., Kabir, H.A., Mola, H.R.A. and Ganai, A.H. (2011).@Zooplankton population in relation to physiochemical factors of the sewage fed pond of Aligarh (U.P) India.@Biol. Medic., 3, 336-341.@Yes$Mola, H.R. (2011).@Seasonal and Spatial distribution of Brachionus (Pallas, 1966; Eurotatoria: Monogoranta: Brachionidae), A bioindicator of eutrophication in Lake El-Manzalah.@Egypt. Biol. Medi., 3(2), 60-69.@Yes$Das, S. M. (1959).@Studies on freshwater plankton, III: Qualitative composition and seasonal fluctuations in plankton components.@Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., India., 29, 174-189.@Yes$Zafer, A.R (1964).@On the ecology of algae in certain fish ponds of Hydrabad India. Part of Thesis, Osmania Universtiy, Hyderabad.@Hydrobiogia, 23, 179-195.@Yes$Dhanpathi, M.V.S.S. (2000).@Taxonomic notes on the rotifers from India (1989-2000).@Indian Association of Aquatic Biologists (IAAB) Hyderabad.@No$Sugunan, V.V. et al. (2000).@Ecology and fisheries of West Bengal CIFRI report@ICAR New Delhi.@No$Park, K.S. and Shin, H.W. (2007).@Studies on phyto-and-zooplankton composition and its relation to fish productivity in a west coast fish pond ecosystem.@J. Env. Biol., 28(2), 415-422.@No$Mallin, M.A., Paerl, H.W. and Rudek, J. (1991).@Seasonal phytoplankton composition, productivity and biomass in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina.@Estur. Coast. Shelf. Sci., 32(6), 609-623. https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(91) 90078-P@Yes$Guillermo, C. (2009).@The use of phytoplankton patterns of diversity for algal bloom management.@Limnologica, 39(3), 225-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2008.04.00@Yes$Battish, S.K. (1992).@Freshwater Zooplankton of India.@Oxford and IBH publication Co. New Delhi, pp 1-233. ISBN: 8120407091, 9788120407091@Yes$APHA (1998).@Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater 20th edition.@American Public Health association, Washington DC.@No$Sewell, R.B.S (1934).@Studies on the bionomics of freshwater in India. On fauna of the tank in the Indian Museum compound and seasonal changes.@Int.Rev.ges. Hydobiol.@Yes$Gophen, J.M. (1972).@Zooplankton in lake kinnerel Israel 1967 - 70.@Isral J. Zool., 21, 117-27.@No$Das, S.M. and Srivastava, V.K. (1956).@Some new observation on plankton from fresh water ponds and lakes of Lukhnow.@India. Sci. & cull., 21(8), 466-467.@No$Nasar, S.A.K. (1973).@The zooplankton fauna of Bhagapur Rotifera.@J. Bh. U., 6, 55-62.@Yes$Egborge, A.B.M. (1981).@The composition, seasonal variation and the distribution of zooplankton in Lake Asejire, Nigeria.@Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 95, 136-144.@Yes$Laal, A.K. (1984).@Ecology of planktonic Rotifers in New Delhi a tropical freshwater pond in Patna Bihar.@Indian J. Anim sci., 54, 291-294.@Yes$Sharma, A.K. and Pant, M.C. (1979).@Certain physico chemical features chlorophyll concentration and zooplankton population in a high attidue lake.@Trop. Ecol., 20(1), 101-113.@Yes$Rocha, O., Matsumura-Tundisi, T., Espindola, E.L.G., Roche, K.F. and Rietzler, A.C. (1999).@Ecological theory applied to reservoir zooplankton. Workshop, Theoretical reservoir ecology and its applications.@International Institute of Ecology, Leiden, Backhuys. pp 457-476. ISBN: 8587418025@Yes$Sarkar, S.K. and Chaudhary, B. (1999).@Role of some environmental factors on the fluctuations of plankton in a lentic pond at Calcutta.@Limnological research in India. Daya publishing house. pp 108-130. ISBN: 0-08-0967579-5@Yes$Muylaert, K.S., Declerck, S.A.S., Geenens, J.V., Wichelen, H., Deegans, J., Vandekerkhove, K.V. and Vyverman, W. (2003).@Zooplankton, phytoplankton and the microbial food web in two turbid and two clear shallow lakes in Belgium.@Aquat. Ecol., 37, 137-150. https://www. semanticscholar.org doi:10.1023/A: 1023988 702926@Yes$Sousa, W., Jose, L., Attayde, Elinez Dasilva, Rocha and Eneida Maria Eskinazi- Santanna (2008).@The response of zooplankton assemblages to variations in the water quality of four man-made lakes in semi-arid northeastern Brazil.@J. Plankton Research, 30(6), 699- 708. https://www.researchgate.net doi:10.1093/plankt/fbn032@Yes$Rajagopal, T., Thangamani, A., Sevarkodiyone, S.P., Sekar, M., and Archunan, G. (2010).@Zooplankton diversity and physico-chemical conditions in three perennial ponds of Virudhunagar district, Tamilnadu.@Journal of Environmental Biology., 31, 265-272.@Yes$Mukherjee, P. (2011).@Statically analysis of biodiversity of zooplankton population in a filthy Trapa-cum-Fish cultured pond of central India.@Int. J. Zool. Res., 1(2), 24-29.@Yes$Ikpi, G. U., Offem, B. and Okey, I. (2013).@Plankton distribution and diversity in tropical earthen fish ponds.@Env. Nat. Resou. Res., 3(3), 45-51. https://www. researchgate.net doi: 10.5539/enrr.v3n3p45@Yes <#LINE#>Ghat Municipality recorded the first record of Tadpole Shrimp (Triopsgranarius) in Libya<#LINE#>Saleh M. @Ammar,Noureddin M. @Rashid,Hanan A. @Aqeehal,Badereddin B. @Annajar <#LINE#>43-46<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-114.pdf<#LINE#>National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Libya@National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Libya@National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Libya@National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Libya and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medical Technology, University of Tripoli, Libya<#LINE#>25/10/2019<#LINE#>23/6/2020<#LINE#>The tadpole shrimp (Triopsgranarius) is largely geographically distributed throughout North Africa, Middle East and Asia. Ithas recently been found in Ghat Municipality of Libya after torrential floods. The collections of Triops granaries are the first records to be documented for Libya.<#LINE#>Longhurst, A. R. (1955).@A review of the Notostraca.@Bulletin of the British Museum, Natural History, Zoology, 3(1), 1-57.@Yes$Suno-Uchi, N., Sasaki, F., Chiba, S., & Kawata, M. (1997).@Morphological stasis and phylogenetic relationships in tadpole shrimps, Triops (Crustacea: Notostraca).@Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 61(4), 439-457.@Yes$Korn, M., & Hundsdoerfer, A. K. (2006).@Evidence for cryptic species in the tadpole shrimp Triops granarius (Lucas, 1864) (Crustacea: Notostraca).@Zootaxa, 1257, 57-68.@Yes$Machado, M., Sousa, L. G., da Fonseca, L. C., Galioto, E. D., & Caramujo, M. J. (2017).@First record of the tadpole shrimp Triops cancriformis (Lamarck, 1801) (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Notostraca) in Portugal.@Limnetica, 36(2), 543-555.@Yes$Brtek, J. (1984).@Contributions to the knowledge of the Branchiopoda (Crustacea) fauna of Mongolia.@In Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici, 76, 91-99.@Yes$Vekhoff, N. V. (1993).@The fauna and zoogeography of fairy and tadpole shrimps of Russia and adjacent lands (Crustacea Anostraca, Notostraca).@Arthropoda Selecta, 2(3), 11-42.@Yes$Vanschoenwinkel, B., Pinceel, T., Vanhove, M. P., Denis, C., Jocque, M., Timms, B. V., & Brendonck, L. (2012).@Toward a Global Phylogeny of the "Living Fossil\" Crustacean Order of the Notostraca.@Plos One, 7(4), e34998.@Yes$Korn, M., Rabet, N., Ghate, H. V., Marrone, F., & Hundsdoerfer, A. K. (2013).@Molecular phylogeny of the Notostraca.@Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 69(3), 1159-1171.@Yes$Golzari, A., Khodabandeh, S., & Seyfabadi, J. (2009).@Some biological characteristics of tadpole shrimp, Triops cancriformis, from seasonal pools of West Azarbaijan (Iran).@Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 11(1), 81-90.@Yes$Rogers, D. C. (2009).@Branchiopoda (Anostraca, Notostraca, Laevicaudata, Spinicaudata, Cyclestherida).@Encyclopedia of inland waters, 2, 242-249.@Yes$Zierold, T. (2006).@Morphological variation and genetic diversity of Triops cancriformis (Crustacea: Notostraca) and their potential for understanding the influence of postglacial distribution and habitat fragmentation.@@Yes$Liu, H. (1996).@New materials of Late Triassic Kazacharthra from Xinjaing.@Acta palaeontologica Sinica, 35(4), 490-494.@Yes$Burgis, M. J., & Symoens, J. J. (1987).@African wetlands and shallow water bodies= Zones humides et lacs peu profonds d@undefined@Yes$Seaman, M. T., Kok, D. J., Von Schlichting, B. J., & Kruger, A. J. (1991).@Natural growth and reproduction in Triops granarius (Lucas) (Crustacea: Notostraca).@In Studies on Large Branchiopod Biology and Aquaculture (pp. 87-94). Springer, Dordrecht.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1928).@Recherches sur la faune des eaux continentales de l'Algérie et de la Tunisie.@Alger: Imp. Minerva, 3.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1928).@Description de Tanymastix mzabica, nouveau phyllopode anostracé du Sahara et liste des Anostracés récoltés récemment par l@Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. N, 19, 87-91.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1930).@Mission saharienne Augiéras-Draper, 1927-1928.@Cladocères, ostracodes, phyllopodes, anostracés et conchostracés, par M. Henri Gauthier.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1931).@Faune aquatique du Sahara central: récoltes de ML Seurat au Hoggar en 1928.@Minerva.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1933).@Nouvelles recherches sur la faune des eaux continentales de l@Bulletin de la Société d'Historie Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord, 24, 63-68.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1933).@Note sur certains Conchostracés de l@Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. N, 23, 117-126.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1933).@Sur un Apus du Sahara central.@Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. N., 24, 87-92.@No$Gauthier, H. (1933).@Faune aquatique du Sahara central. Récoltes de M. Th. Monod dans l@Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. N., 24(5),127-132.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1934a).@Nouvelles recherches sur la faune des eaux continentales de l@Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. N., 25, 121-126.@Yes$Gauthier, H. (1934b).@Contribution à l@Bull. Soc. Sc. Nat. Maroc, 14, 125-129.@Yes$Dumont, H. J., De Walsche, C., & Mertens, J. (1991).@Distribution and morphological variation of Streptocephalus torvicornis (Waga, 1842) in Northern Africa.@Hydrobiologia, 212(1), 203-208.@Yes$Dumont, H. J., Mertens, J., & Maeda-Martinez, A. M. (1995).@Historical biogeography and morphological differentiation of Streptocephalus torvicornis (Waga) since the Würm III-glaciation.@In Studies on Large Branchiopod Biology and Aquaculture II. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 281-286@Yes$Samraoui, B., Chakri, K., & Samraoui, F. (2006).@Large branchiopods (Branchiopoda: Anostraca, Notostraca and Spinicaudata) from the salt lakes of Algeria.@Journal of Limnology, 65(2), 83-88.@Yes$Turki, S., & Turki, B. (2010).@Copepoda and Branchiopoda from Tunisian temporary waters.@International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 2(4), 86-97.@Yes$Korn, M. I. C. H. A. E. L., & Hundsdoerfer, A. K. (2016).@Molecular phylogeny, morphology and taxonomy of Moroccan Triops granarius (Lucas, 1864) (Crustacea: Notostraca), with the description of two new species.@Zootaxa, 4178(3), 328-346.@Yes$Alonso, M. (1996).@Crustacea, Branchiopoda. In: Fauna Iberica.@Vol. 7. Ramos, M.A. et al (Eds.). Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. CSIC. Madrid. 486.@Yes$Korn, A., Green, J., Machado, M., Gar-cialomas, J., Cristo, M., Cancela dafonseca, L et al. (2010).@Phylogeny, molec-ular ecology and taxonomy of southern Iberianlineages of Triops mauritanicus (Crustacea: No-tostraca).@Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 409- 40.@Yes$Taylor, C. M. (1987).@Eastward Range Extension of the Tadpole Shrimp, Triops longicaudatus (Leconte), in Oklahoma.@In Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, 67, 75-76.@Yes$Takahashi, F. (1977).@Triops ssp.[Notostraca: Triopsidae] for the biological control agents of weeds in rice paddies in Japan.@Entomophaga, 22(4), 351-357.@Yes$Ridings, J. W., Schell, S. R., & Stearnes, T. W. (2011).@The first record of American tadpole shrimp (Triops longicaudatus) in Illinois.@Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science, 130, 49-50..@Yes$Fry, L. L., Mulla, M. S., & Adams, C. W. (1994).@Field Introductions and Establishment of the Tadpole Shrimp, Triops longicaudatus (Notostraca: Triopsidae), a Biological Control Agent of Mosquitos.@Biological Control, 4(2), 113-124.@Yes$Walton, W. E. (2001).@Effects of Triops newberryi (Notostraca: Triopsidae) on aquatic insect communities in ponds in the Colorado Desert of Southern California.@Israel Journal of Zoology, 47(4), 491-512.@Yes <#LINE#>Haematological alteration in fish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) on exposure to fly ash<#LINE#>Saukumarya @Pradhan,Rajendra K. @Behera,Prasanta @Nanda <#LINE#>47-50<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-116.pdf<#LINE#>School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla-768019, India@School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla-768019, India@Dera Natung Government College, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh-791113, India<#LINE#>9/12/2019<#LINE#>4/4/2020<#LINE#>Study on the changes in haematological parameter of air breathing fish Heteropneustes fossilis was done on exposed to different concentration of fly ash. After estimating the LC50 of fly ash, fishes were exposed to different concentration of fly ash (200g/l, 400g/land 600 g/l) for a period of one week. The haematological parameters like haemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte count (TEC), packed cell volume (PCV) and total leucocyte count (TLC) were estimated. The absolute values like mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean cell volume (MCV) were calculated from the above parameters. There was significant alteration in all the haematological parameters on exposure to fly ash. Erythrocyte indices showed decrease from the control value whereas there was significant increase in total leucocyte count indicating stressful condition.<#LINE#>Walia, Archana, and N. K. Mehra (1998).@A seasonal assessment of the impact of coal fly ash disposal on the river Yamuna, Delhi. I. Chemistry.@Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 103, 1-4, 277-314.@Yes$Smolka-Danielowska, D. (2006)@Heavy metals in fly ash from a coal fired power station in Poland.@Polish J of Environ Stud, 15(6), 943-946.@Yes$Sijakova-Ivanova, T., Z. Panov, K. B Lazev and V. Z. Paneva (2011).@Investigation of fly ash heavy metals content and physico chemical properties from thermal power plant, Republic of Macedonia.@Int. J. of Eng. Sc. and Tech., 3(12), 8219-8225@Yes$Pradhan, S., R. Behera and Prasanta Nanda (2019).@Study of fly ash toxicity to fish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch).@Int. Res. J. Biological. Sci., 8(8), 1-8.@No$Nanda, P. (2014).@Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and physiological response in Anabas testudineus on exposure to paper mill effluent.@J. Environ. Anal. Toxicol, 5(1), 1-8.@Yes$Satish Akhila and R.K. Singh (2017).@Effect of Fly Ash on the haematological parameters of Channapunctatus (Bloch).@World Jour. Pharm. Pharmactl Sci; 6(7), 1309-1314.@No$Dacie Lewis (1975):@Practical Haematology.@5th edition, Churchil-Livingston, Edinburg.@Yes$Nanda P (1997):@Haematological changes in the common indian cat fish Heteropneustes fossilis under nickel stress.@J. Ecobiol., 9(4), 243-246.@Yes$Ali, M., Parvez, S., Pandey, S., Atif, F., Kaur, M., Rehman, H., & Raisuddin, S. (2004).@Fly ash leachate induces oxidative stress in freshwater fish Channa punctata (Bloch).@Environment International, 30(7), 933-938.@Yes$Javed, M., & Usmani, N. (2012).@Toxic effects of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Fe Co, Mn, Cr, Zn) to the haematology of Mastacembelus armatus thriving in Harduaganj Reservoir, Aligarh, India.@Global Journal of Medical Research, 12(8), 59-64.@Yes$Pallaniappan R. and Muthulingam M (2016).@Effect of heavy metal, Chromium on protein and aminoacid contents of gill, liver and kidney of freshwater fish Channastriatus (Bloch).@Intr. J. of Curr. Microbiol, and Appl. Sc., 5(7), 372-381.@Yes$Kumari Archana, A. Srivastava and M. M. Jha (2014).@Carbaryl induced alterations in histology and certain biochemical parameters in liver of Clariasbatrachus.@Global. Jour. Boisc. Boitech., 3(3), 259-263.@No$Timothy W. Lohner, Robin J. Reash, V. Ellen Willet, Linda A.Rose (2001).@Assessment of Tolerant Sunfish Populations (Lepomis sp.) Inhabiting Selenium-Laden Coal Ash Effluents: 1. Hematological and Population Level Assessment.@Elsevier; 50(3), 203-216.@Yes$Sharma J. and S. Langer. (2014).@Effect of manganese on haematological parameters of fish Garragotylagotyla.@J of Entom. and Zool. Study, 2(3), 77-81.@Yes$Çoğun, H. Y., & Şahin, M. (2013).@The effect of lead and zeolite on hematological and some biochemical parameters in Nile fish (Oreochromis niloticus).@Current Progress Biological Research, 12, 277-286.@Yes$Afshan Sehar, S. Ali, A. Ameen, U.S. Ameen, M. Farid, S.A. Bharwana, F. Hannan and R. Ahmad (2014).@Effect of different heavy metal pollution on fish.@Res. J. Chem. Environ. Sci., 2(2), 35-40.@No$Figueiredo-Fernandes Antonio, J.V. Ferreira-Cardoso,S. Garcia-Santos, S. M. Monteiro, J. Carrola, P. Matos and A. Fontainhas-Fernandes (2007).@Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromisniloticus, exposed to waterborne copper.@Pesq. Vet. Bras., 27(3), 103-109.@Yes$Gupta K.S., Langer J., Sharma and Sharma S. (2012).@Effects of different sublethal concentration on manganese on the levels of cortical in Garragotylagotyla.@Int. J. of Sc. And Res. Pub., 2(10), 1-3.@Yes$Deshmukh Manisha R., S.G. Chirde and Y.A. Gadhikar (2015).@Histological and Histochemical study on the stomach and instestine of catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch 1794).@Global. Jour. Biol Agri. Health. Sc., 4(1), 16-23.@No$Hadi A.A. and S.F. Alwan (2012).@Histopathological changes in gills, liver and kidney of fresh water fish, Tilapia zillii, exposed to alumunium.@Int J. of Pharm. & Life Sci, 3(11), 2071-2081.@Yes$Ganeshwade R.M., S.S. Sathe and S.R. Sonawane (2013).@Dimethoate Induced Histological Changes in the Intestine of Fresh Water fish Puntiusticto (Ham).@TFR, 2(2), 2319-4758.@No$Nanda, P and S, Panigrahi (2016).@Haematological alteration in air breathing fishes on exposure to paper mill effluent.@Biolife, 4(4), 704-706.@Yes$Diana Thelagathoti Conrad and C. Manjulatha (2016).@A Histological study of polypoidal stomach in Nemipterus japonicas off Visakhapatnam Coast.@Ind. J. of Sci. and Tech., l9(9), 1-8.@No$Das Suchismita and A. Gupta (2013).@Cadmium induced histopathological changes in the intestine of Indian flying barb, Esomusdanricus, Curr.@World Environ., 8(2), 305-308.@No <#LINE#>A survey and study on ethno medicinal plant's used by tribal people in Pathalgaon Block of Jashpur district, CG, India<#LINE#>Chandni @Afsana,Deepa @Biswas <#LINE#>51-58<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2019-118.pdf<#LINE#>Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, CG, India@Department of Botany, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, CG, India<#LINE#>27/11/2019<#LINE#>6/3/2020<#LINE#>The study was conducted to record the traditional uses and the utilization pattern of ethno-medicinal plants in pathalgaon block of Jashpur district. jashpur district is located North-East side of Chhattisgarh and this side has rich diversity of medicinal plants. The Survey was conducted on Pathalgaon Block four villages where meeting with local medicine men Baiga, Vaidya and collect the data regarding to medicinal plants. Ethno- Medicinal plants have been observed to be very effectual in the ministration of various ailments. Ethno-medicinal plant species are report in which parts of plants are used in various diseases. The high number of plant parts have been collected which are used by the tribal's and the villagers for treatment of various ailments. The present paper deals with 21 plant species are belonging to 17 families were reported in which Tree and Shrub having same percentage Trees (38%), Shrub (38%), Herb (14%), and Climber (10%). which are used by them ethno medicinally, collected plants are very important in this area. These plants are used in various ailments like: Sugar, Blood Pressure, Malaria, Piles, Asthma, Skin disease, Jaundice.<#LINE#>Sharma, R.K. (2017).@Study of ethno medicinal plants used by the Oraon tribe of Jashpur district (C.G.) India.@International Journal of Botany Studies, 2(6), 157-159.@No$Kurre, R.K. (2015).@Wide variety of medicinal plants and their uses in Jashpur District of Chhattisgarh.@Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 1(1), 1-5.@No$Marwat, S.K., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M. and Rahman, F. (2008).@Ethnophytomedicines for treatment of various diseases in d.i. Khan district, Pakistan@Sarhad J. Agric, 24(2), 305-316.@No$Ekka N.R. and Dixit, V.K. (2007).@Ethno-pharmacognostical Studies of Medicinal Plants of Jashpur district (Chhattisgarh).@International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 1(1), 2-4.@No$Mishra, S.B., Dwivedi, S., Shashi, A. and Prajapati, K. (2008).@Ethnomedicinal Uses of Some Plant Species by Ethnic and Rural Peoples of the Salem District of Tamilnadu with Special Reference to the Conservation of Vanishing Species@Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 12(30), 873-887.@Yes$Awadh, A., Ali, N., Al-rahwi, K. and Lindequist, U. (2004).@Some medicinal plants used in Yemeni herbal medicine to treat Malaria.@African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 1(1), 72-76.@Yes$Tiwari, A.k. and Mehta, R. (2013).@Medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh, India.@Life Science Leaflets,1, 31-41,@Yes$Ekka, A. and Ekka, N.S. (2013).@Traditional plants used for snakebite by Oraon tribes of Jashpur district Chhattisgarh.@International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 2(6).@Yes$Chatterjee, A.K. (2014).@Study of Ethno-Medicinal Plants among the Tribals of Surguja Region.@International journal on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering, 3(2), 56-60,@No$Prakas, R. (2015).@Medicinal Plants Used By Tribal Communities: A Study of Uttarakhand Himalayan Region.@International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 4(2), 55-61.@Yes$Kusum, E. M., Tiwari, P. and Harishankar, P. (2015).@Contribution of Oraon Tribe of Jashpur District in the Traditional Preparation of Medicines.@IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 1(4), 55-60.@No$Verma, A.C., Hingora, I. and Dubey, N. (2015).@Identification and traditional uses of certain medicinal plants and its conservation in kawardha area, Chhattisgarh state, India.@IOSR journal of environmental science, toxicology and food technology, 1(1), 06-20.@Yes$Bharti, V.K. (2015).@Ethno-medicinal Plants Used by the Tribal People of Shahdol District, Madhya Pradesh For The Treatment of Rheumatism.@International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 3(12), 266-270.@Yes$Ekka, A. (2016).@Some Ethenomedicinally important and rare plants of north-east Chhattisgarh India.@International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, 5(10).@Yes$Kusum, E. M., Tiwari, P., Pimpalgaonkar, R. and Harishankar, P. (2016).@Contribution of Oraon Tribe of Jashpur District in the Traditional Preparation of Medicines (Part-12).@Indian Journal Applied & Pure Biology, 31(2), 230-235.@No$Sinha, M. K. (2017).@Medicinal plants used among the tribals of Manendragarh block (Koriya District) C.G.@Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 5(6), 114-119.@Yes$Salave, A.P., Reddy, P.G. and Diwakar, P.G. (2011).@Some unreported ethnobotanical uses from karanji ghat areas of Pathardi tahasil in Ahmednagar district (M.S.) India.@International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 2(4), 240-245.@Yes$Dogra, K.S., Chauhan, S. and Jalal, J.S. (2015).@Assessment of Indian medicinal plants for the treatment of asthma.@Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 9(32), 851-862.@Yes$Dar, R.A., Shahnawaz, M. and Qazi, P.H. (2017).@General overview of medicinal plants: A review.@The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 6(6), 349-351.@Yes