International Science Community Association International Research Journal of Biological Sciences 2278-3202 8 3 2019 03 10 Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in raw vegetables and fruits and their plant contamination routes: a review 42 48 EN Noura E. Abd El-Hameed 1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Haiam A. Mohammed 2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt El-Badry A.A. 3 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Hamada M.M.Z. 4 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Esmail Noghanchi 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Hossein Javanbakht 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Meghna Shrivastava 1 Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, MATS University, Raipur, (C.G), India Ashish Saraf 2 MATS School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, MATS University, Raipur (C.G), India Aishwarya Sekar 1 Department of Bioinformatics, Stella Maris College, Cathedral Road, Chennai-600086, Tamil Nadu, India Nargis Begum 2 Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohammed College, Tiruchirappalli, India, nargisalmas Anita Margret 3 gmail.com Srikanth Manipati 1 Department of Oncology, NRI Academy of Sciences, Mangalagiri Road, Chinakakani-522503, Andhra Pradesh, India Chanakya Pallem 2 Department of Microbiology, Ganesh Scientific Research Foundation (GSRF), Kirti Nagar, New Delhi-110015, India Riddhi Bose 1 ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, WB, India Sandipan Gupta 2 Department of Applied Science and Humanities, Invertis University, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India Archan Kanti Das 3 ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, WB, India V.R. Suresh 4 ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, WB, India Arun Kumar Bose 5 ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, WB, India Haider Ali Quraishi 1 Department of Moalijat, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar J&K, India Naquibul Islam 2 Department of Moalijat, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar J&K, India Arsheed Iqbal 3 Department of Moalijat, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar J&K, India Md. Sheeraz 4 Department of Moalijat, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar J&K, India Mohd. Azeem Ashraf 5 Department of Mahiyatul Amraz, Hayat Unani Medical College and Research Centre, Lucknow, India Hiral S. Raval 1 Department of Zoology, B.P. Baria Science Institute, Navsari, Gujarat, India Alkesh I. Shah 2 Department of Zoology, B.P. Baria Science Institute, Navsari, Gujarat, India > Review Paper 2018 9 12 2019 03 10 Raw vegetables and fruits are essential ingredients of healthful nourishment and necessity for salad vegetables and fruits have become greater than before as vegetables and fruits act as antioxidants and immune boosters. In conflict to their health profits, it is observed by scientists that utility of raw vegetables and fruits have also been connected with the risk of disease if consume draw. Some Salmonella spp. contain virulence plasmid (pSV) which encodes spv operon are capable to adhere with plant surfaces by using T3SS and vigorously infect the core of plants by defeating immune response of plants as equally as animal cells, Salmonella spp. defeat plant defence mechanisms, shows that Salmonella possess a variety of infection strategy including agfD gene which is responsible for infecting variety of host from different kingdoms, which arise questions of Salmonella host specificity. The purpose of review study is to discuss and gain depth knowledge of routes and infection pattern of Salmonella with contrast to plant physiology, microbiological physiology, environmental interrelationship, crop processing, crop handling mechanisms along with crop cultivation methodology that provides opportunity for contamination will lead us to develop foolproof reliable policies, trustworthy standard operating procedures and infallible technologies for reducing the risk of contamination. Copyright@ International Science Community Association