@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Comparison of water quality and composition of bioflocs reared in indoor and outdoor conditions<#LINE#>Arti @Sharma,Radhika @Singh,Bandhana@.,Rashmi @Sangotra <#LINE#>1-9<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2018-047.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, J&K-180006, India@Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, J&K-180006, India@Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, J&K-180006, India@Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, J&K-180006, India<#LINE#>17/7/2018<#LINE#>15/10/2018<#LINE#>The Optimum fish production is entirely dependent on the physicochemical and biological qualities of water. Therefore, understanding of water quality is required for successful pond management. In the present study, a 60-day experiment was carried out to culture bioflocs in indoor as well as outdoor conditions, with an objective to generate data of their water quality and its impact on the formation of bioflocs. For this, tubs were prepared by filling them with tap water and adding a small amount of cow dung along with pond soil and pond water in order to inoculate them with nitrifying and heterotrophic bacteria as well as phyto-and zooplanktons. Fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio were then introduced in the tubs for the accumulation of nitrogenous waste. Furthermore, molasses was added to the culture water as a cheap carbon source, to kick off the formation of bioflocs. Water analysis was done from time to time for the physico-chemical parameters viz. air temperature, water temperature, pH, DO, FCO2, ammonia, nitrites and nitrates. Analysis of physico-chemical parameters thus revealed optimum range for fish survival and therefore these can be successfully cultured in biofloc production systems. The data further suggested that the addition of molasses could effectively reduce inorganic nitrogen concentrations (i.e., ammonia and nitrite).<#LINE#>Mollah M.F.A. and Tan E.S.P. 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(2008).@The biofloc technology (BFT) in indoor tanks: Water quality, biofloc composition and growth and welfare of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).@Aquaculture, 283, 29-35.@Yes$Piedrahita R.H. (2003).@Reducing the potential environmental impact of tank aquaculture effluents through intensification and recirculation.@Aquaculture, 226(1-4), 35-44.@Yes$Emerenciano M., Cuzon G., Paredes A. and Gaxiola G. (2013).@Evaluation of biofloc technology in pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus duorarum culture: growth performance, water quality, microorganisms profile and proximate analysis of biofloc.@Aquaculture international, 21(6), 1381-1394.@Yes$Crab R., Kochva M., Verstraete W. and Avnimelech Y. (2009).@Bio-flocs technology application in over-wintering of tilapia.@Aquacultural Engineering, 40(3), 105-112.@Yes$Avnimelech Y. (1999).@C/N ratio as a control element in aquaculture systems.@Aquaculture, 176, 227-235.@Yes$A.P.H.A. (1985).@Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water (16th ed.).@American Public Health Association., Washington DC.@No$Eaton A.D., Cleserci L.S. and Greenberg A.E. (1995).@Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water.@10th edition, Amer. Pub. Health Assoc., Washington D.C.@No$Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.L. and Randall R.J. (1951).@Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.@Journal of biological chemistry, 193(1), 265-275.@Yes$Folch J., Less M. and Stanley G.H.S. (1956).@A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids and animal tissues.@J. Biol. Chem., 226, 497-509.@Yes$A.O.A.C. (1999).@Official methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists.@1298.@No$Jhingran V.G. (1982).@Fish and Fisheries of India.@Revised edition 1975. Hindustan Publishers Corporation (India) Delhi.@Yes$Hargreaves J.A. (2013).@Biofloc production system for aquaculture.@SRAC Publication No. 4503.@Yes$Perez-Rostro C.I., Perez-Fuentes J.A. and Hernandez-Vergara M.P. (2014).@Biofloc, a technical alternative for culturing Malaysian prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii.@In: Sustainable aquaculture techniques. Hernandez-Vergara M., Perez-Rostro CI (eds).@Yes$Choo H.X. and Caipang C.M.A. (2015).@Biofloc Technology (BFT) and its application towards improved production in freshwater tilapia culture.@Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 8(3), 362-366.@Yes$Santhosh B. and Singh N.P. (2007).@Guidelines for water quality management for fish culture in Tripura.@ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Center, Publishing no. 29.@Yes$Chen S., Coffin D.E. and Malone R.F. (1997).@Sludge production and management for recirculating aquaculture systems.@Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 28(4), 303-315.@Yes$Furtado P.S., Poersch L.H. and Wasielesky Jr.W. (2011).@Effect of calcium hydroxide, carbonate  and sodium bicarbonate on water quality and zootechnical performance of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in bioflocs technology (BFT) systems.@Aquaculture, 321, 130-135.@Yes$Martinez-Cordova L.R., Emerenciano M., Miranda-Baeza A. and Martinez-Porchas M. (2015).@Microbial-based system for aquaculture of fish and shrimp: an update review.@Rev Aquac, 7(2), 131-148.@Yes$Kalff J. (2000).@Limnology. Prentice Hall.@Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.@No$Vinatea L., Galvez A.O., Browdy C.L., Stokes A., Venero J., Haveman J., Lewis B.L., Lawson A., Shuler A. and Leffler J.W. (2010).@Photosynthesis, water respiration and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei in a super-intensive raceway culture with zero water exchange: interaction of water quality variables.@Aquacultural Engineering, 42, 17-24.@Yes$Boyd C.E. and Lichtkoppler F. (1979).@Water Quality Management in Fish Ponds.@Research and Development Series No. 22, International Centre for Aquaculture (J.C.A.A) Experimental Station Auburn University, Alabama, 22, 45-47.@Yes$Avnimelech Y., Diab S., Kochba M. and Mokandy S. (1992).@Control and utilization of inorganic nitrogen in intensive fish culture ponds.@Aquaculture Research, 23, 421-430.@Yes$Avnimelech Y., Kochba M. and Diab S. (1994).@Development of controlled intensive aquaculture systems with a limited water exchange and adjusted C to N ratio.@The Israel Journal of Aquaculture – Bamidgeh, 46(3), 119-131.@Yes$Avnimelech Y. (2012).@Biofloc Technology- A Practical Guide Book.@2nd Edition. The World Aquaculture society, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States.@No$Van Wyk P. (2004).@The Shrimp List: Discussions October 2004.@Shrimp News International.@No$Krishna C. and Van Loosdrecht M.C. (1999).@Effect of temperature on storage polymers and settleability of activated sludge.@Water Research, 33(10), 2374-2382.@Yes$Meade J.W. (1985).@Allowable ammonia for fish culture.@Progressive fish culture, 47, 135-145.@Yes$Neori A., Chopin T., Troell M., Buschmann A.H., Kraemer G.P., Halling C. and Yarish C. (2004).@Integrated aquaculture: rationale, evolution and state of the art emphasizing seaweed biofilteration in modern mariculture.@Aquaculture, 231, 361-391.@Yes$Cohen J.M., Samocha T.M., Fox J.M., Gandy R.L. and Lawrence A.L. (2005).@Characterization of water quality factors during intensive raceway production of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei using limited discharge and biosecure management tools.@Aquacultural engineering, 32, 425-442.@Yes$Lin Y. and Chen J. (2003).@Acute toxicity of nitrite on Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) juveniles at different salinity levels.@Aquaculture, 224, 193-201.@Yes$Liao S.A., Zheng G.L., Wang A.I., Huang H. and Sun R. (2006). Isolation and characterization of a novel aerobic denitrifier from shrimp pond (In Chinese with English Abstract), Acta Ecol Sin., 26, 3018-724.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Kim M., Jeong S.Y., Yoon S.J., Cho S.J., Kim Y.H., Kim M.J., Ryu E.Y. and Lee S.J. (2008). Aerobic denitrification of Pseudomonas putida AD-21 at different C/N ratios, J Biosci Bioeng., 106, 498-502.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Kincheloe J.W., Wedemeyer G.A. and Koch D.L. (1979). Tolerance of developing salmonid eggs and fry to nitrate exposure, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 23, 575-578.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Taw N. (2010). Biofloc Technology Expanding At While Shrimp Farm Biofloc System Deliver High Productivity With Sustainability. Global Aquaculture Advocate, May/June 2010.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Ju Z.Y., Forster I., Conquest L., Dominy W., Kuo W.C. and Horgen F.D. (2008). Determination of microbial community structures of shrimp floc cultures by biomarkers and analysis of floc amino acid profiles, Aquaculture research, 39, 118-133.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Hardy R.W. (2010). Utilization of plant proteins in fish diets: effects of global demand and supplies of fish meal,  Aquaculture research, 41(5), 770-776.@undefined@undefined@Yes
<#LINE#>Influence of selected heavy metal on mycelial growth response of Trichoderma isolate<#LINE#>H.J. @Abdullahi,S.O. @Alonge,A.B. @Zarafi <#LINE#>10-17<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2018-050.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria@Department of Biology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria@Department of Crop Protection, Institute of Agricultural Research (IAR), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria<#LINE#>18/7/2018<#LINE#>15/10/2018<#LINE#>Heavy metal pollutants are increasingly being released into the environment. These metal ions in soil may influence mycelial growth of Trichoderma isolate which is a well-known bio control agent, this necessitated the evaluation of influence of copper, lead and cadmium on the mycelial growth response of Trichoderma isolate. Trichoderma species was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of uncultivated lands at four sampling sites; Hanwa lowcost, Kabama, Ahmadu Bello University Gymnasium and Bomo all in SabonGari L.G. A, Zaria, Nigeria. The isolate was then sent to International Mycological Institute (IMI), CABI BIOSCIENCE, UK for confirmation as Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The mycelial growth response of T. longibrachiatum on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) with six concentrations (0, 10, 100, 200, 500 and 1000ppm) of CuSO4, Cd (NO3)2 and Pb(NO3)2and also their combinations were evaluated. These treatments in four repetitions were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). The results obtained in this study indicated that, Trichoderma longibrachiatum is present in soils collected from uncultivated lands of SabonGari Local Government Area of Zaria, Nigeria. Mycelial growth of T. longibrachiatum was observed to decrease generally with increase in concentrations of the heavy metals when compared with the control. It was further observed that, T. longibrachiatum, was unable to grow at 500 and 1000 ppm CuSO4. The combination of Cd(NO3)2 and Pb(NO3)2 in the metal combinations Cd+Pb and Cd+Cu+Pb significantly reduced T. longibrachiatum mycelial growth. In conclusion, the presence of CuSO4, Cd(NO3)2 and Pb(NO3)2 in growth media (Potato Dextrose Agar, PDA) significantly reduced mycelial growth of T. longibrachiatum.<#LINE#>Howell C.R. (2003).@Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: The history and evolution of current concepts.@PlantDiseases, 87, 4-10.@Yes$Etebarian H.R., Scott E.S. and Wicks T.J. (2000).@Trichoderma harzianum T39 and T. virens T4290 as potential biological control agent for Phytophtora erythroseptica.@European Journal of Plant Pathology, 106, 329-337.@No$Tondje P.R., Roberts D.P., Bon M.C., Widmer T., Samuels G.J., Ismaeil A., Begoude A.D., Tchana T., Nyemb-Tschomb E., Ndoumbe-Nkeng M., Bateman R., Fontem D. and Hebbar P.K. (2007).@Isolation and identification of mycoparasitic isolates of Trichoderma asperellum with potential for suspension of black pod disease of cacao in Cameroon.@Biological Control, 43, 202-212.@Yes$Harman G.E., Lorito M. and Lynch J.M. (2004).@Uses of Trichoderma spp. to remediate soil and water pollution.@Advanced Applied Microbiology, 56, 313-330.@Yes$Ezzi M.I. and Lynch J.M. (2005).@Biodegradation of cyanide by Trichoderma spp. and Fusarium spp.@Enzyme Microbial Technology, 36, 849-854.@Yes$Errasquin E.L. and Vazquez C. (2003).@Tolerance and uptake of heavy metals by Trichoderma atroviride isolated from sludge.@Chemosphere, 50, 137-143.@Yes$Zeng X., Su S., Jiang X., Li L., Bai L. and Zhang Y. (2010).@Capability of pentavalent arsenic bioaccumulation and biovolatilization of three fungal strains under laboratory conditions.@Clean: Soil, Air and Water, 38, 238-241.@Yes$Kredics L., Antal Z., Manczinger L. and Nagy E. (2001).@Breeding of mycoparasitic Trichoderma strains for heavy metal resistance.@Applied Microbiology, 33(2), 112-116.@Yes$Bhattacharjee R. and Dey U. (2014).@An overview of fungal and bacterial biopesticides to control plant pathogens/diseases.@African Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(17), 1749-1763.@Yes$Hansen L.E. and Howell C.R. (2004).@Elicitors of plant defense responses from biocontrol strains of Trichoderma virens.@Phytopathology, 94(2), 171-176.@Yes$Shoresh M., Harman G.E. and Mastouri F. (2010).@Induced systemic resistance and plant responses to fungal biocontrol agents.@Annual Review of Phytopathology, 95, 76-84.@Yes$Hermosa R., Viterbo A., Chet I. and Monte E. (2012).@Plant-benficial effects of Trichoderma and its genes.@Microbiology, 158, 17-25.@Yes$Hoyos-Carvajal L., Orduz S. and Bissett J. (2009). Growth stimulation in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by Trichoderma. Biological Control, 51, 409-416.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Mastouri F., Bjorkman T. and Harman G.E. (2012).@Trichoderma harzianum enhances antioxidant defense of tomato seedlings and resistance to water deficit.@Molecular Plant-Microbe Interaction, 9, 1264-1271.@Yes$Antal Z., Manczinger L., Szakacs G., Tengerdy R.P. and Ferenczy L. (2000).@Colony growth, invitro antagonism and secretion of enzymes in cold tolerant strains of Trichoderma species.@Mycologia Research, 104,  545-549.@Yes$Kredics L., Antal Z. and Manczinger L. (2000).@Influence of water potential on growth, enzyme secretion and invitro enzyme activities of Trichoderma harzianum at different temperatures.@Current Microbiology, 40, 310-314.@Yes$Hajieghrari B. (2010).@Effect of some metal-containing compounds and fertilizers on mycoparasite Trichoderma species mycelia growth response.@African Journal Biotechnology, 9, 4025-4033.@Yes$Samuels G.J. and Hebbar P.K. (2015).@Trichoderma identification and agricultural applications.@American Phytopathological Society press, St. Paul, Minnesota 55121, U.S.A., 58-67.@Yes$Makut M.D. and Owolewa O.A. (2011).@Antibiotic-producing fungi present in the soil environment of Keffi metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.@Trakia Journal of Sciences, 9(2), 33-39.@Yes$Saremi H. and Burgess L.W. (2000).@Effect of soil temperature on distribution and population dynamics of Fusarium species.@Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2, 119-125.@Yes$Hui T.S. (2013).@Morphological characterization and sequence analysis of 5.8S-ITS region of Trichoderma species.@Bachelor of Science project, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, 74.@Yes$Sobowale A.A., Babalola O.O., Ayansina A.D. and Obisesan A.O. (2011).@Abilities of Trichoderma species to persist within maize (Zea mays) stem long after inoculation.@British Microbiology Research Journal, 1(4), 95-103.@Yes$Zapotoczny S., Jurkiewicz A., Tylko G., Anielska T. and Turnau K. (2007).@Accumulation of copper by Acremonium pinkertoniae, a fungus isolated from industrial wastes.@Microbiological Research, 162(3), 219-228.@Yes$Kucuk C., Kivanc M., Kinaci E. and Kinaci G. (2008).@Determination of the growth and solubilization capabilities of Trichoderma harzianum Biology@, 63(2), 167-170.@Yes$Iram S., Ahmad I., Javed B., Yaqoob S., Akthar K., Kazmi M.R. and Zaman B.U. (2009).@Fungal tolerance to heavy metals.@Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(5), 2583-2594.@Yes$Salgare S.A. and Acharekar C. (1992).@Effect of industrial pollution on growth contents of certain weeds.@Journal for Nature Conservation, 4, 1-6.@No$Smejkalova M., Mikanova O. and Boruvka L. (2003).@Effect of heavy metal concentration on biological activity of soil microorganism.@Plant, Soil and Environment, 49, 321-326.@Yes$Friedlova M. (2010).@The influence of heavy metals on soil biological and chemical properties.@Soil and Water Research, 5(1), 21-27.@Yes$Castaldi S., Rutigliano F.A. and Virzo de Santa A. (2004).@Suitability of soil microbial parameters as indicators of heavy metals pollution.@Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 158(1), 21-35.@Yes
<#LINE#>Isolation and screening of fungal strains for bioremediation of textile effluent<#LINE#>Monika @Sood,Tanzin @Dolma,Pardeep @Kaur <#LINE#>18-26<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2018-054.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (P.G) College of Science and Agriculture, Chunni Kalan-140307, Punjab, India@Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (P.G) College of Science and Agriculture, Chunni Kalan-140307, Punjab, India@Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (P.G) College of Science and Agriculture, Chunni Kalan-140307, Punjab, India<#LINE#>28/7/2018<#LINE#>10/10/2018<#LINE#>Among the various industrial effluents, textile and the dye industry waste play a significant role in water pollution. These dyes are toxic, mutagenic and carcinogen in nature and cause adverse effects on environment as well as on human health. The aim of the study was to isolate potential fungal strains implicated in bioremediation of dye based effluents. From a total of 14 fungal strains isolated from diverse habitats, only 5 strains were found to be positive for Azure B decolorization under solid state condition, with a maximum decolorization index of 2.3mm by fungal strain DW3. Under liquid state conditions, fungal strain CC3 resulted in maximum decolorization of 98.6% at 10th day of incubation. The morphological, cultural and microscopic characterization of potential fungal strain CC3 revealed it as Penicillium sp. The treatment of textile and synthetic effluent (mixture of three dyes Azure B, Congo red and Remazol brilliant blue) by Penicillium sp. CC3 resulted in maximum decolorization of 92.0% and 73.3% respectively. The seed germination bioassay using treated medium revealed a plumule length of 3.3cm which is almost equivalent to the length observed in the distilled water.<#LINE#>Dwivedi P. and Tomar S.R. (2017).@Microbial degradation and decolorization of azo and anthraquinonentextile dyes.@Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 8(2), 989-998.@Yes$Cheunbarn T., Cheunbarn S. and Khumjai T. (2008).@Prospects of bacterial granule for treatment of real textile industrial wastewater.@Int. J. Agric. Biol., 10, 689–692.@Yes$Hassan M.M., Alam M.Z. and Anwar M.N. (2013).@Biodegradation of textile azo dyes by bacterial isolates from dyeing industry effluent.@Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(8), 27-31.@Yes$Lade H., Kadam A., Paul D. and Govindwar S. (2015).@Biodegradation and detoxification of textile azo dyes by bacterial consortium under sequential microaerophilic/aerobic processes.@Excli. J., 14, 158-174.@Yes$Rajeswari K., Kumar S.R. and Vijagarama, K. (2011).@Biodegradation of mixed textile dyes by bacterial strains isolated from dye waste effluent.@Resea. J. Environ. Texicol., 5(2), 97-107.@Yes$Gulzar T., Huma T. and Jalal F et al. (2017).@Bioremediation of synthetic and industrial effluents by Aspergillus niger isolated from contaminated soil following a sequential strategy.@MDPI, doi: 10.3390.@Yes$Robinson T., McMullan G., Marchant R. and Nigam P. (2001).@Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative.@Biores. Technol., 77, 247–255.@Yes$Yang X.Q., Zhao X.X., Liu C.Y., Zheng Y. and Qian S.J. (2009).@Decolorizationofazo, triphenylmethane and anthraquinone dyes by a newly isolated Trametes sp. SQ01 and its laccase.@Process Biochem., 4, 1185-1189.@Yes$Rani B., Kumar V., Singh J., Bisht S., Teotia P., Sharma S. and Kela, R. (2014).@Bioremediation of dyes by fungi isolates from contaminated dye effluent sites for bio- usability.@Braz. J. Microbiol., 45(3), 1055–1063.@Yes$Pandu K. and Compala P. (2012).@Bioremediation of textile dyes and improvement of plant growth by marine bacteria.@M.Sc. Thesis, University of Boras School of Engineering, India.@Yes$Jayasinghe J., Imtiaj A., Lee W.G. and Im H.K. et al. (2008).@Degradation of three aromatic dyes by white rot fungi and the production of lignolytic enzymes.@Microbiology, 36(2), 114-120.@Yes$Krishnamoorthy R.J., Arul P., Ranjith M., Anandham R., Suganya K. and Prabhakaran J. et al. (2018).@Decolourisation and degradation of azo dyes by mixed fungal culture consisted of Dichotomomycescejpii MRCH 1-2 and Phomatropica MRCH 1-3.@J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 6, 588-595.@Yes$Trivedi N.K., Boricha B.A., Bajaj C.H. and Jasra V.R. (2009).@Adsorption of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye from water by polyaluminium chloride.@Rasayan J. chm., 2(2), 379-385.@Yes$Vaishnave P., Kumar A., Ameta R., Punjabi B.P. and Ameta C.S. (2014).@Photo oxidative degradation of azure-B by sono-photo-Fenton and photo-Fenton reagents.@Arabian J.Chem., 7, 981–985.@Yes$Bankole O.P., Adekunle A.A., Obidi F.O., Chandanshive V.V. and Govindwar P.S. (2018).@Biodegradation and detoxification of Scarlet RR dye by a newly isolated filamentous fungus, Peyronellaea prosopidis.@Sustainable. Environ. Resea.,doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2018.03.001.@Yes$Wong S.W.D. (2009).@Structure and action mechanism of lignolytic enzyme.@Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 157, 174-209.@Yes$Swamy J. and Ramsay J.A. (1999).@The evolution of white rot fungi in the decolorization of textile dyes.@Enzyme and microb. Technol., 24(3-4), 130-137.@No$Mounguengui S., Attéké C., Tchinda S.B.J., Ndikontar M.K.,  Dumarcay S. and Gérardin P. (2014).@Discoloration and biodegradation of two dyes by white-rot fungi Perreniporiatephropora MUCL 47500 isolated in Gabon.@Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci., 3(6), 731-741.@Yes$Ghasemi F., Tabandeh F., Bambai S.R., K.R.S. (2010).@Decolorization of different azo dyes by Phanerocheate chrysosporium RP78 under optimal condition.@IJEST., 7, 457-464.@Yes$Singh H. (2006).@Mycoremediation: Fungal bioremediation,@John wiley and Son’s New jersey USA, ISBN: 9780471755012.@Yes$Placido J., Chanaga X., Monsalve O.S., Yepes M. and Mora A. (2016).@Degradation and detoxification of synthetic dyes and textile industrial effluents by newly isolated Leptosphaerulina sp. from Columbia.@Bioresour. Bioprocess., 3(6),  doi 10.1186/s40643-016-0084-x.@Yes$Eichlerova I., Homolka L. and Nerud F. (2006).@Synthetic dye decolorization capacity of white rot fungus Dichomitussqualens. Bioresour. Technol@., 97(16), 2153-2159.@Yes$Li H., Zhang R., Tang L., Zhang J. and Mao Z. (2014).@Evaluation of Bacillus sp. MZS10 for decolorizing Azure B dye and its decolorization mechanism.@J.  Environ. Sci., 26, 1125-1134.@Yes$Barapatre A. and Jha H. (2016).@Decolorization and biological treatment of pulp and paer mill effluent by lignin – degrading fungus A. flavus isolate 10.@Int. J. curr. Microb. Appl. Sci., 5(5), 19-32.\\@No
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in tissues of freshwater fishes as biomarkers of aquatic pollution<#LINE#>P. Jasmin @Lena,S. @Maneemegalai <#LINE#>27-30<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2018-048.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University Constituent College for Women, Orathanadu–614625, Thanjavur District, TamilNadu, India and Department of Biochemistry, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Arts and Science College, Gowrivakkam, Chennai- 600073, TamilNadu, India@Department of Biochemistry, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Arts and Science College, Gowrivakkam, Chennai- 600073, TamilNadu, India<#LINE#>17/7/2018<#LINE#>26/10/2018<#LINE#>Our present study deals with the evaluation of oxidative stress due to pollutants which results in disastrous effect in aquatic ecosystems. Lipid hydroperoxide, lipid per oxidation (LPO), and the antioxidant enzyme levels were estimated. The lipid peroxide and lipid hydro peroxide levels were found to be increased in the organs - liver and kidney of Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from the polluted site. CAT and SOD activity seems to be reduced in organ samples of both the fishes. Changes in the antioxidant enzymes, lipid per oxide and lipid hydro peroxide levels that was observed indicates the presence of pollutants in the Varahanadhi River.<#LINE#>Wepner V., Van Vuren J.H. and Dupreez H.H. (2001).@The effect of hexavalent chromium at different pH value on hematology of Tilapia sparmani (Cichlidae)@Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 101, 375-381.@Yes$Valavanidis A., Vlahogianni T., Dassenakis M. and Scoullos M. (2006).@Molecular biomarkers of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms in relation to toxic environmental pollutants.@Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safe., 46, 178–317.@Yes$Lucky Z. (1977).@Methods for the diagnosis of Fish Diseases.@Amerind Publishing, New Delhi, 140.@Yes$Vesey D.A. 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(1951).@Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent.@J. Biol. Chem., 193, 265-275.@Yes$Zhao X., Shen Z.Y., Xiang M. and Qi J. (2011).@Key uncertainity sources analysis of water quality model using the first order error method.@Int. J.Environ. SciTech., 8(1), 137–138.@Yes$Padmini E. and Sudha D. (2004).@Environmental impact on gill mitochondrial function in Mugilcephalus.@Aquacult 5(1), 89–92.@Yes$Yildrin N.C., Benzer F. and Danabas D. (2011).@Evaluation of environmental pollution at Munzur River of Tunceli applying oxidative stress biomarkers in Capoetatrutta (Heckel, 1843).@J.Anim.Plant Sci., 21(1), 66-71.@Yes$Dautremeputis C.S.S., Paris–Palario S., Betoulle and G. Vernet (2004).@Modulation in hepatic, head and kidney parameters of carp (Cyprinuscarpio.L.) induced by copper and chitosan.@Toxicol.Pharmacol., 137(4), 325–333.@No$Arora A., Sairam R.K. and Srivastava G.C. (2002).@Oxidative stress and antioxidant system in plants.@Cur Sci. 82, 1227-1238.@No$Das J.S., Ravikanth V. and Sujatha M. (2010).@Nitric oxide as a major risk factor for oxidative stress in coronary artery disease: a preliminary investigation.@Science and Culture, 76(5), 74–175.@Yes$Vander Oost R., Beyer J. and Vermeulen N.P.E. (2003).@Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review.@Environ.Toxicol.Pharmacol., 13, 57-149.@Yes$Almedia J.A., Barreto R.E., Novelli L.B., Castro F.J. and Moron S.E. (2009).@Oxidative stress and aggressive behavior in fish exposed to aquatic cadmium contamination.@Neotrop. Ichthyol., 7(1), 103–108.@Yes$Charissou A.M., Cossu–Leguille C. and Vasseur P. (2004).@Relationship between two oxidative stress biomarkers, malondialdehyde and 8–oxo- 7, 8–dihydro – 2’- deoxyguanosine in the freshwater bivalve@Unidotumidus, Sci.Tot.Environ., 322(1-3), 109–122.@Yes$Li Z., Velisek J. and Zlabek V. (2010).@Hepatic antioxidant status and hematological parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, after chronic exposure to carbamazepine.@Chem. Biol. Int., 183(1), 98–104.@Yes$Ferreira M.P., Moradas-Ferreira and M.A. Reis-Henriques (2005).@Oxidative stress biomarkers in two resident species, mullet (Mugilcephalus) and flounder (Platichthysflexus), from a polluted site in River Douro Estuary, Portugal.@Aquat.Toxicol., 71, 39–48.@Yes$Rana S.V.S., Rekja S. and Seema V. (2016).@Protective effects of fewantioxidants in liver function in rats treated with cadmium and mercury.@IntJ. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci., 3(4), 249-255.@Yes$Sayeed I., Parvez S., Pandey S., Bin–Hafeez B., Haque R. and Raisuddin S. (2003).@Oxidative stress biomarkers of exposure to deltamethrin in freshwater fish.@Channa punctatus. Ecotoxicol.Environ.Safety, 56, 295–301.@Yes$Firat O.H.Y., Ogun C., Aslanyavrusu S. and Kargin F. (2009).@Antioxidant responses and metal accumulation in tissues of Nile tilapia Oreochromisniloticus under Zn and Cd exposures.@J.Appl.Toxicol., 29(4), 295–301.@Yes$Jasmin Lena P. and Maneemegalai S. (2015).@Water pollution status of Varahanadhi River by Physiochemical Analysis.@Int.J.Chem.Tech Res., 7(7), 2911-2916.@No$Jasmin Lena P. and Maneemegalai S. (2015).@Studies on the pollution levels of Varahanadhi River.@Biomed. 35(3), 318-322.@No$Aiwan S.F., Ladi A.A. and Shokr A.E. (2009).@Alterations in haematological parameters of fresh water fish Tilapia zilli exposed to aluminium.@J. Sci.Appl., 3(1), 12-19.@Yes$Bhatkar N.V. (2010).@Chromium, nickel and zinc induced alterations in the gills of the freshwater fish Labeorohita.@J. Appl&Nat.Sci., 2(2), 234–238.@Yes$Jasmin Lena P. and Maneemegalai S. (2018).@Impact of heavy metal pollution on haematological parameters in freshwater fishes.@Intl.J.Environ. Ecol., Fly.Ubnstds, 8(2), 1-8.@No$Barata C., Varob I., Navarro J.C., Arun S. and Porte C. (2005).@Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna exposed to redox cycling compounds.@Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 140, 175–186.@Yes
<#LINE#>The tannin content of Lathyrus Sativus cultivated in some states of India<#LINE#>Sujata @Yerra,Eswar Kumar @Kilari <#LINE#>31-35<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2018-049.pdf<#LINE#>Advanced Analytical Laboratory, DST-Purse Programme, Andhra University, Visakhapatanam-530003, AP, India@Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatanam-530003, AP, India<#LINE#>18/7/2018<#LINE#>26/10/2018<#LINE#>Indigenous legumes like grass pea are an affordable important source of alternative protein for poor people that are predominantly consumed in tropical countries especially in Africa and Asia. Legumes are home to many valuable nutrients and anti-nutrients. The main anti-nutritional factors occurring in grass pea include protease inhibitors (trypsin inhibitors), phytic acid, tannins, and &#946;-ODAP. Amongst them, tannins are polyphenolic compounds having intermediate to high molecular weight and have bitter and astringent taste which can be felt upon consuming its unripened fruit owing to their protein and alkaloid binding property turning the meal difficult to digest. The name ‘Tannins’ originated owing to their tanning quality and their ability in forming insoluble carbohydrates and proteins complexes, wherein the astringency in tannin-rich foods is due to the precipitation of salivary proteins. Additionally, they often form complexes with the vital minerals that reduce intestinal absorption and the subsequent utilisation at cellular level. This study depicts the tannin content in grass pea cultivated in various States of India namely, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Kerala, West Bengal, Bihar, Chhattisgarh showing their variability due to the effect of different food processing techniques applied on the samples. A notable change can be seen in the samples owing to their geographical as well as varied food processing methods applied to them.<#LINE#>Ramakrishna V., Rani P.J. and Rao P.R. (2006).@Anti-Nutritional Factors during Germination in Indian bean (Dolichos lablab L.) Seeds.@World Journal of Dairy & Food Sciences, 1(1), 06-11.@Yes$Salgado P., Lalles J.P., Toullec R., Mourato M., Cabral F. and Freire J.P.B. (2001).@Nutrient digestibility of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds and effects on the small intestine of weaned piglets.@Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 91(3/4), 197-212.@Yes$McGee and Harold (2004).@McGee on Food and Cooking: An Encyclopedia of Kitchen Science, History and Culture, 896.@@Yes$Karamac M. (2009).@Chelation of Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II) by tannins constituents of selected edible nuts.@Int J Mol Sci., 10(12), 5485-5497.@Yes$Bender D.A. (2006).@Benders’ dictionary of nutrition and food technology. Wood head publitiong in food science, technology and nutrition.@Eighth edition; Cambridge, England.@Yes$Maxson E.D. and Rooney L.W. (1972).@Evaluation of methods for tannin analysis in sorghum grain.@American association of cereal chemists, 49, 719-729.@Yes$Kouki and Manetas (2002).@Resource availability affects differentially the levels of gallotannins and condensed tannins in Ceratonia siliqua.@Bioch Syst Ecol., 30, 631-639.@Yes$Hatano et al. (1986).@Effect of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide anion radical and on DPPH radical.@Chem Pharm Bull., 1988, 37, 2016–21.@Yes$Santos et al. (2002).@Type of cottonseed and gossypol in diets of lactating dairy cows: Lactation performance and plasma gossypol.@J. Dairy Sci., 85(6), 1491-1501.@Yes$Salminen et al. (2001).@Adhesion of Bifidobacterium spp. to human intestinal mucus.@Microbiol Immunol, 45, 259–262.@Yes$Ojimelukwe P.C., Ukom A.N. and Okpara D.A. 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In Recent Advances in Research on Antinutritional Factors in Legume Seeds.@pp. 614 [J. Huisman, A. F. B. van der Poel and I. E. Liener, editors]. Wageningen, The Netherlands: PUDOC.@Yes$Sarma P.S. and Padmanaban G. (1969).@In toxic constituents of plant foodstuffs@, Lathyrogens, I.E. Liener (ed.), Academic Press, New York.@Yes$Lambien F., Haque R., Khan J.K., Kebede N. and Kuo Y.H. (1994).@From Soil to Grain: Zinc Deficiency Increases the Neurotoxicity of Lathyrus sativus and May Effect the Susceptibility for the Motor neurone Disease Neurolathyrism.@Toxicon, 32, 461-466.@Yes$Ramachandran S. and Ray A.K. (2008).@Effect of different processing techniques on the nutritive value of grass pea, Lathyrus sativus L., seed meal in compound diets for Indian major carp rohu, labeo rohita (Hamilton), fingerlings.@Archives of Polish Fisheries, 16(2), 189-202.@Yes$Latif M.A., Morris T.R. and Jayne-Williams D.J. 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J Sci Food Agric., 71, 50-58.@Yes$Wang X., Warkentin T.D., Briggs C.J., Oomah B.D., Campbell C.G. and Woods S. (1998).@Total phenolics and condensed tannins in ®eld pea (Pisum sativum L.) and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.).@Euphytica 101, 97-102.@Yes$Urga K., Fufa H., Biratu E. and Husain A. (2005).@Evaluation of Lathyrus sativus cultivated in Ethiopia for proximate composition, minerals, -ODAP and antinutritional components.@African Journal of Food agriculture and Nutritional Development, 5(1), 1-15.@Yes$Campbell C.G. (1997).@Grass pea. Lathyrus sativus L. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 18.@Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy.@Yes$Urga K., Fite A. and Kebede B. (1995).@Nutritional and antinutritional factors of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus)    germplasms.@Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop., 9, 9-16.@Yes$Duke J.A. (1981).@Handbook of legumes of world economic importance@, New York, Plenum Press, 199-265.@No$Rao SLN (2011).@A look at the brighter facets of b-N-oxalyl-L-a,b-diaminopropionic acid, homoarginine and the grass pea.@Food Chem Toxicol, 49, 620–622.@No$Teklehaimanot R., Abegaz B.M., Wuhib E., Kassina A., Kidane Y., Kebede N., Alemu T. and Spencer P.S. (1993).@Patterns of Lathyrus sativus (grass pea) consumption and beta-N-Oxalyl-,-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) content of food samples in the lathyrism endemic regions of North West Ethiopia.@Nutr. Res., 3, 1113-1126.@Yes$Schanderi S.H. (1970).@Methods in Food Analysis.@Academic Press, New York. 709.@No$Vijayakumari K., Pugalenthi M. and Vadivel V. (2007).@Effect of soaking and hydrothermal processing methods on the levels of antinutrients and in vitro protein digestibility of Bauhinia purpurea L. seeds.@Food Chemistry, 103, 968–975.@Yes$Rao S.L.N. (2001).@Do we need more research on neurolathyrism? Lathyrus Lathyrism Newsletter@, 2, 2-3.@Yes$Vijayakumari K., Siddhuraju P. and Janardhanan K. (1997).@Effect of domestic processing on the levels of certain antinutrients in Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stunz. Seeds.@Food Chemistry, 59(3), 367-371.@Yes$Esenwah C.N. and Ikenebomeh M.J. (2008).@Processing effects on the Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Contents of African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa Benth.) seed.@Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 7(2), 214-217.@Yes