International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ___________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202Vol. 3(6), 53-56, June (2014) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. International Science Congress Association 53 Some Aquatic Hyphomycetes from Khandwa District of MP, IndiaPatil D.K., Patil K.B.2 and Borse K.N.3*R.C. Patel College, Shirpur - 425405, MS, INDIA Arts, Comm. and Science College, Songir, MS, INDIA S.S.V.P.S’s Dr. P.R. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule - 424005, MS, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 21st December 2013, revised 2nd February 2014, accepted 10th March 2014Abstract During the preliminary investigation of aquatic hyphomycetes from Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh the five species of aquatic Hyphomycetes encountered in foam samples collected from the different streams and rivers. These fungi namely viz., Flabellospora crassa Alasoadura, Flabellospora verticillataAlasoadura, Flabellospora acuminata Descals & Webster, Helicomyces torquitus Lane and Shearer and Isthmotricladia gombakiensis Nawawi, are being reported for the first time in freshwater habitats from Madhya Pradesh. Brief notes and illustrations are also provided along with geographical distributions of these fungi in India. Keywords: Aquatic habitats, hyphomycetes, Khandwa district. IntroductionThe innovative work on Freshwater hyphomycetes was started from the work of C.T. Ingold. He named them as 'Aquatic Hyphomycetes'. Nilsson, Webster and Descals described them as "Freshwater Hyphomycetes"2-3. About more than 500 species of hyphomycetes are known from freshwater habitats. Most of the species are described from temperate regions and are Ingoldian fungi, while there is little information on tropical species. In India the Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh is rich in biodiversity. However, scanty work has been done on freshwater hyphomycetes in Madhya Pradesh. Therefore, the present exploration was carried out. Material and MethodsThe foam samples were collected from the different streams and rivers of Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh from both the lentic and the lotic habitats. Foam analysis: The foam is formed by the movement of the water against natural obstacles like stones, twigs and logs, especially in lotic systems, constitutes a natural trap for the conidia of aquatic hypomycetes. Foam samples were collected at morning and evening time. Samples were made with a scoop and placed in clean wide mouthed plastic bottles and kept for 24 hours to enable the foam to dissolve. Then the foam was preserved by adding FAA. Then the foam samples were returned to the laboratory and observed under research microscope for the presence of conidia of hyphomycetes. The preparation of permanent slides were done as suggested by Volkmann Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer . The measurement and microphotographs of fresh water hypohmycetes were taken. Vaucher slides of the fungi reported were deposited in the Mycology Herbarium, P. G. Dept. of Botany, S. S. V. P. Sanstha's Late Karmaveer Dr. P. R Ghogrey Science College, Dhule (M. S.), India. Identification of the freshwater hyphomycetes were confirmed with the help of Nilsson, Ingold and Marvonova and other relevant literature5-6. Reports of fungi from India and Madhya Pradesh were confirmed with the help of Kamat et al., Bhide et al., Mahabale, Bilgrami et al., Sridhar et al., Sarbhoy et al., Jamaluddin et al. and other relevant literature7-16. Voucher slides of the fungi reported were deposited in the Mycology Herbarium, P. G. Dept. of Botany, S. S. V. P. Sanstha's Late Karmaveer Dr. P. R Ghogrey Science College, Dhule (M.S.), India. Result and Discussion Flabellospora acuminata Descals and Webster Conidia: acrogenous, main body clavate, apex capitate 4-6 µm diameter, base pedunculate, 5-10 µmlong branches 4-6 synchronomous, 40-100x7-15 µm, one branch apical, the rest radiating, slightly retrorsely straight, fusiform, apex greatly extended, cells 3-10. Habitat: Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. 2011. Leg. D. K. P. Remark: The present fungus is common in occurrence. The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed with that of Flabellospora acuminata Descals and Webster (1982)17. Therefore, it is assigned to that species. It has been reported for the first time from Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh. Flabellospora crassa Alasoadura Conidia: hyaline with four to five arms, 37- 56 µm long, 3.5- 4 µm wide at the attachment, increase in diameter to 5.5- 7.5 µm at the widest part and again narrows gradually towards the tip International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ Vol. 3(6), 53-56, June (2014) International Science Congress Association which is about 3 µm wide, 3- 5 septa, presence of very small central stalk. Habitat: Conidia in fo am samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. 2011. Leg. D. K. P. Distribution in India: Karnataka (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, Himalaya18-20. Remark: The present fungus is occasional in occurrence. The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed with that of Flabellospora crassa Alasoadura assigned to that species. It has been reported for the first time from Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh. Flabellospora verticillata Alasoadura Conidia: multi- radiate, consisting of a main axis and 5 radiating arms. Main axis 14- 30 X 1.5- 2 µm, 2 terminal cell obclavate, each arm 8- 14 septate, 50 µm. Habitat: Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. 2011. Leg. D. K. P. Distribution in India: Distribution in India: (Patil and Kapadnis, 1980) Western Ghats (Subramanian and Bhatt, 1981) Kerala (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, 1985), Karnataka (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, 1984, 1986, 1989; Ramesh and Vijaykumar 2000) 22-28. Remark: The present fungus is common in occurrence. The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed with that of Flabellospora verticillata Alasoadura it is assigned to that species. It has been reported for the f time from Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh. Helicomyces torquatus Lane & Shearer Conidia: hyaline, dry,solitary, attached eccentricallyand seceding schizolytically, 52-130 m. in diameter. filment: 4.8 – 7.2 µ m. in diameter, multiseptate times,the basal cell bearing a flattened attachment scar. 1.Flabellospora acuminata Descals &Webster, 2 4.Helicomyces torquitus 1 International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ Congress Association 5 septa, presence of very small am samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. Karnataka (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, The present fungus is occasional in occurrence. The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed Alasoadura 21. Therefore, it is assigned to that species. It has been reported for the first time radiate, consisting of a main axis and 5 - 10 2 µm, 2 - 5 septate, with 14 septate, 50 - 90 X 4.5- 5 Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. Distribution in India: Distribution in India: Maharashtra (Patil and Kapadnis, 1980) Western Ghats (Subramanian and Bhatt, 1981) Kerala (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, 1985), Karnataka (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, 1984, 1986, 1989; Ramesh and The present fungus is common in occurrence. The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed Alasoadura 29. Therefore, it is assigned to that species. It has been reported for the f irst time from Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh. hyaline, dry,solitary, attached eccentricallyand m. in diameter. Conidial m. in diameter, multiseptate , coiled 1 ½ – 3 times,the basal cell bearing a flattened attachment scar. Habitat: Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. 2011. Leg. D. K. P. Remark: The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed with that of Helicomyces t Shearer (1984)30 . Therefore, it is assigned to that species. It has been reported for the first time from Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh. Isthmotricladia gombakiensis Nawawi 64: 243-246,1975 Conidia: hyaline, main axis 20- 27 X 2 mature conidia consisting of four to six arms, the arms are fusiform, 74- 102 µm long, 4- 5.5 µm wide, 9 tapering to 1- 1.5 µm at the apex by very narrow isthmus, 2 µm long, 1- 1.5 µm wide. Habitat: Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. 2011. Leg. D. K. P. Distribution in India: Karnataka (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, 1984 ; Ramesh and Vijaykumar, 2000), Andhra Pradesh (Sarma and Manoharachary, 1989), Maharashtra (Borse and Patil, 2006) 31-32Remark: The present fungus is frequent in occurrence (8.4%). The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely agreed with that of Isthmotricladia gombakiensis (1975)33 . It has been reported for the first time from Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh. Conclusion Frequency occurrence of fungi found is not similar. Flabellospora acuminata and Flabellospora verticillata common in occurrence, Flabellospora crassa torquatus are occasional in occurrence, gombakiensis Nawawi is frequent in occurrence. Figure-1 Descals &Webster, 2 .Flabellospora crassa Alasoadura, 3. Flabellospora verticillata torquitus Lane& Shearer 5.Isthmotricladia gombakiensis Nawawi, 2 3 4 International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202 Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. 54 Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. The measurements and descriptions of conidia are Helicomyces t orquatus Lane & . Therefore, it is assigned to that species. It has been reported for the first time from Khandwa District of Nawawi Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc, 27 X 2 - 3 µm, 1-3 septate, mature conidia consisting of four to six arms, the arms are 5.5 µm wide, 9 - 15 septate, 1.5 µm at the apex by very narrow isthmus, 2 - 4.5 Conidia in foam samples, Narmada River, 04 Aug. Karnataka (Sridhar and Kaveriappa, 1984 ; Ramesh and Vijaykumar, 2000), Andhra Pradesh (Sarma and Manoharachary, 1989), Maharashtra (Borse and Patil, 2006) The present fungus is frequent in occurrence (8.4%). The measurements and descriptions of conidia are completely Isthmotricladia gombakiensis Nawawi . It has been reported for the first time from Khandwa Frequency occurrence of fungi found is not similar. Flabellospora verticillata are Flabellospora crassa and Helicomyces occasional in occurrence, Isthmotricladia Nawawi is frequent in occurrence. Flabellospora verticillata Alasoadura, Nawawi, 5 International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202 Vol. 3(6), 53-56, June (2014) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. International Science Congress Association 55 References1.Ingold C.T., Aquatic hyphomycetes of decaying older leaves, Trans. Br. Mycol. 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