International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ___________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202Vol. 3(5), 30-33, May (2014) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. International Science Congress Association 30 Study on Diversity of Rotifer from water Bodies around Aurangabad regionGunwati V. Arak and Satish S. Mokashe2 Department of Zoology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, MS, INDIAAvailable online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 18th November 2013, revised 31st December 2013, accepted 27th January 2014Abstract Rotifers are microscopic secondary producers which play a vital role in trophodynamics of aquatic ecosystem. To understand the fauna the rotifera present study was under taken to investigate the rotifer diversity and density in order to assess the species composition and population density of these groups. The study was carried out for one year. During the investigation 12 species of rotifers belonging to Branchionidae, Euchlaidae, Philonidae, Asplanchnidae, keretella were recorded. Branchionus calyciflorus showed a maximum density. Keywords: Rotifer, shannon-weiner, diversity, abundance. IntroductionRotifers are microscopic fauna characteristically prevalent in freshwaters. Rotifers fauna plays significant role in the food chain and biological productions of water such as aqua pollution indicators. Amongst zooplanktons rotifers plays an important food item of omnivorous and carnivorous fishes. The reproductive rate of rotifers are related to temperature. Due to the Seasonal fluctuation reproductions rate of rotifera some times declines and also due to the imbalance predatory action results to mortality. Material and Methods Rotifera sample were collected, mainly from three water bodies i.e. Kholi 20.3.30°N 74 4 95°E, Sarangi 19.92°N 74.73°E and Narangi is located at 19.47°N 72.8°E which is on similar nature of water body and even located on similar geographic location. The rotifera sample was collected using 40µm an interval of 15days every month for a period of one year from Feb2010- Jan11 between 7 to 8 am. The collected samples were kept in plastic bottles containing 4% formaldehyde solution. The following taxonomy was done by using Edmondson, Pennak , Koste , Batish and Dhanapathi. Diversity indices analysis: The qualitative and quantitive analysis of zooplankton organisms was carried out. Species Shannon-Wiener index [H= -_ Pi longPi] Shannon-Weiner index H= -_ Pi long Pi: Where, H = Shannon – Weiner index, Pi = ni /N, _ = Sum, ni = Number of individuals of each species in the sample, N = Total number of individuals of all species in the sample. Relative Abundance: Percent total - Ti/T*100= (A) Where: Number of Individuals’ per. Species= (Ti), Total no. of species = T, Dominance Rank. = (A) Results and Discussion During this study12 species of rotifers species were identified table-1. Of which 12 species belongs to 5 different families of Monogonata were recorded. In the quantitative evaluation the Brachionus calyciflorus (83.25%)was highest in relative abundance followed by Asplanchna brightwelli (36.5%) where as Euchlanis dialata (7.2%) showed minimum abundance which was followed by Monostylla bulla (6.83%) (table-3). The Shannon –Weiner Diversity indices of the rotifers were observed and two samples from each water bodies and its mean value is represented where the highest 0.94 in the month of May and lowest 0.091 in the month of June. Species diversity (H) for rotifers in summer showed H=2.9, monsoon was H= 1.9 and in winter it showed H= 1.4. Where as the value for Dec. appears as “0” as only one species (Lepadella ovalis) was recorded. During this study 12 species of rotifers belonging to 6 genera were identified (table 1). The genera Brachionus was represented by 6 species Viz.Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus falcatus, Brachionus rubens, Brachionus diversicornis,Brachionus forificula and Brachionus caudatus. A similar finding was noticed by Pejaler and Fernando. The composition of rotifers population showed higher population diversity in the month of May, while lower in the month of June. This was noticed by Saboor, A and K Altaff. This may be due to the decreased water level by evaporation which led higher population of bacteria and dead and decayed organisms. Brachionus calyciflorus was the dominant group of rotifera. As the interpretation of rotifer population dynamics assumes that the species co-occur and interact in space and time. A similar finding wasalso noticedby Goel, P. K. and Chavan, V. R.10Dadhich, N., and Saxena, M.M.11, Somani Vaishali, Quadros Goldin and Pejaver Madhuri.K12 . However, the Shannon –Weaver index for rotifers have shown highest density in the month of May and lowest in June. In summer, species diversity for rotifers was 2.9, in monsoon was 1.9 and in winter it International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202 Vol. 3(5), 30-33, May (2014) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. International Science Congress Association 31 showed 1.4. The species diversity of rotifers was highest in summer and was lower in monsoon and winter. Similar finding was noticed by Stiling13. ConclusionThe species richness of rotifers was highest month of May and lowest in June. Brachionus species together were dominant genera in terms of abundance and periodicity. Acknowledgement I am grateful for the generous financial support from DST, New Delhi India. Table-1 Diversity of rotifers of Freshwater bodies of Aurangabad region Order and family Species Order Monogonata Family : Brachionidae Brachionus calyciflorus (Pallas,1776) Brachionus falcatus (Wierzejski,1891) Brachionus caudatus (Barrios and Daday,1894) Brachionus diversicornis (Daday, 1883) Brachionus forificula (Wierzejski, 1891) Brachionus rubens (Ehrenberg,1838) Keretella tropica (Apstein,1907) Family : Euchlanidae Euchlanis dialata (Voronkov,1912) Family : Lecanidae Lecane luna (Muller,1776) Monostylla bulla(Gosse,1851) Family : Asplanchnidae Asplanchna sp.(Gosse,1850) Family : Filinidae Filinia longiesta(Ehrenberg,1834) Table-2 Shannon Weiner Index Shannon H' Log Base 10. Feb 0.38531 Mar 0.66974 Apr 0.90411 May 0.9445 Jun 0.09132 Jul 0.55055 Aug 0.40055 Sep 0.86346 Oct 0.72269 Nov 0.51602 Dec 0 Jan 0.21585 Table-3 Relative abundance of Rotifers of Freshwater bodies of Aurangabad region SpeciesNumber of Individuals per Species (Ti) Percent Total Ti/T*100 Brachionus forificula18.58 18.583/311.61*100 5.90% Brachionus caudatus20 20/311.61*100 6.41% Brachionus diversicornis20.41 20.41/311.61*100 6.55% Brachionus rubens22.83 22.83/311.61*100 7.32% Brachionus calyciflorus83.25 83.25/311.61*100 26.70% Brachionus falcatus29.75 29.75/311.61*100 9.54% keretella tropica35.3 35.3/311.6*100 11.32% Euchlanis dialata7.2 7.2/311.6*100 2.31% Lecane luna 14.25 14.25/311.6*100 4.57% Monostylla bulla6.83 6.83/311.61*100 2.19% Asplanchna brightwelli36.5 36.5/311.61*100 11.71% Filina longiesta16.6 16.6/311.6*100 5.32% Total 311.5 - 99.84% Table- 4 Rotifers Diversity (H) Seasonal Values Seasons Rotifers Summer 2.90366 Monsoon 1.90588 Winter 1.45456 International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202 Vol. 3(5), 30-33, May (2014) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. International Science Congress Association 32 20040060080010001200123456789101112 Figure-1 Density of individual species stacked for the period of Feb- 2010- Jan 2011  \n  \r !  # $% Figure-2 Shannon – Weiner diversity (SWI) diversity of rotifers A0.00%5.00%10.00%15.00%20.00%25.00%123456789101112 A Figure-3 Composition and relative abundance (%) of Rotifera, during the periods of Feb 2010- Jan 2011 International Research Journal of Biological Sciences ________________________________________________ ISSN 2278-3202 Vol. 3(5), 30-33, May (2014) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. International Science Congress Association 33 References 1.Alam A.K.M.N., Islam M.A., Mollah M.F.A. and Haque M.S., Status of zooplankton in newly constructed ponds and their relation to some meteorlogical and limnological factors, Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries, 14(1), 83-88(1987) 2.Edmondson W.T., Freshwater biology 2nd Ed. USA. 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