@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Efficacy of spray at 50% Flowering stage with certain Indigenous leaf extracts and newer Insecticides against Maruca vitrata in Greengram<#LINE#>Sandhya Rani@Choragudi,Ramach@G,GRamachandra@Rao,MSVChalam,AnilKumar@Patibanda,VRao@VSrinivasa<#LINE#>1-9<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-193.pdf<#LINE#> Agricultural Research Station, Madhira, Khammam District, AP-507 203, INDIA<#LINE#>2/8/2013<#LINE#>20/11/2013<#LINE#>Metaflumizone 22% SC 0.044 per cent spray at 50% flowering stage of greengram was the most effective and significantly superior over the other treatments by recording the lowest (1.98) no. of larvae with highest (72.27) per cent reduction in population and lowest (7.53%) pod damage with highest (87.76) per cent reduction over untreated control.  The next better treatment was chlorfenapyr 10% SC 0.015 per cent spray with mean number of larvae 3.35 and 63.17 per cent reduction in population, 16.83% pod damage and 72.62 per cent reduction over untreated control.  The Neem Leaf Extract and Karanj Leaf Extract sprayed at 50% flowering stage, recorded 19.58 % and 26.05% pod damage with 68.05 and 55.74 per cent reduction in pod damage over untreated control.  The sprays at 50% flowering stage recorded 0.69 (KLE – 573 kg/ha) – 1.35 (metaflumizone - 1126 kg/ha) kg plot yields with an increase of 59 – 189 per cent yield increase and 1.12 – 2.04 CBR over untreated control. The standard control (Chlorpyriphos 20 % EC 0.05%) 2.5 ml + DDVP 76% EC 0.076% @1 ml/l) sprayed at 50% flowering stage, recorded 18.28% pod damage with 70.11 per cent reduction in pod damage and recorded 0.85 kg/plot (707 kg/ha) yield with an increase of 92 per cent yield with 1.27 CBR over untreated control.<#LINE#> @ @ National Agricultural Innovation Project report submitted by Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture (2012) @No $ @ @ Lal S.S and Sachan J.N., Recent advances in Pest management in pulses, Indian Farming,37(7), 29-32 (1987) @No $ @ @ GanapathyN., Bio-ecology and Management of spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Geyer) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in pigeonpea. Ph.D Thesis, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (1996) @No $ @ @ Dillirao S., Bio-ecology and management of spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Geyer) on blackgram, M. Sc.(Ag.) Thesis, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad (2001) @No $ @ @ Vishakanthaiah M. and Jagadeesh babu C.S., Bionomics of the tur webworm, Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 14, 529-532 (1980) @No $ @ @ Manjunath C., Studies on Relative toxicity of certain Insecticides to Spotted Pod  borer  (Maruca vitrata(Geyer). M.Sc.(Ag.) Thesis,  Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural  University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 2008) @No $ @ @ Bottenberg, H and Singh, B.B., Effect of neem leaf extract applied using the broom  method on cowpea pests and yield, International Journal of Pest Management, 42, 207-209 (1996) @No $ @ @ Jackai, L.E.N and Oyediran, I.O., The potential of neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss. for controlling post-flowering pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata Walp.-I. The pod borer Maruca testulalis, Insect Science and its Application, 12, 103-109 (1991) @No $ @ @ Rangaswamy, R., A Text Book of Agricultural Statistics.New Age International Publishers Limited, New Delhi. 89-101(1995) @No $ @ @ Flemming R. and Retnakaran, A.,Evaluating single treatment data using Abbott’s formula with reference to insecticides, Journal of Economic Entomology,78: 1179-1181(1985) @No $ @ @ Marchi A., Gentili E., Tarlazzi S and Manaresi M., Metaflumizone: a new broad  spectrum insecticide for potato and vegetables, Giornate Fitopatologiche, 1, 23-28 (2008) @No $ @ @ Takagi K., Hamaguchi H., Nioshimatsu and Konno T.O., Discovery of  Metaflumizone, A novel semi-carbazone insecticide, Veterinary Parasitology, 150(3), 177-181 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of Ezetimibe on some biochemical factors and expression of Intestinal Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) in obsess mouse<#LINE#>Mohammadi@Abbas,Yari@Reza,Gholamreza@Farnoosh,Oshaghi@EbrahimAbbasi<#LINE#>10-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-205.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IRAN @ Physiology Research Centre, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IRAN @ Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Borojerd Branch, Borojerd, IRAN @ Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IRAN <#LINE#>8/8/2013<#LINE#>19/12/2013<#LINE#>Ezetimibe is a new and very effective drug which reduced cholesterol. Ezetimibe well tolerated by the patients that selectively blocks cholesterol absorption from intestine.In intestine scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI) has recognized as a cholesterol and triglyceride transporter.In this experiment weexamined the effect of ezetimibe on lipid profile, glucose levels as well as SR-BI expression in intestine of hypercholesterolemic mice. Mice randomly divided into three groups (n=8); group 1:  hypercholesterolemic, group 2:  ezetimibe and group 3: chow only. After one-month mice were sacrificed, biochemical factors were determined enzymatically as well as the levels of SR-BImRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and westernblotrespectively. Compared with hypercholesterolemic control, ezetimibe significantly decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P0.05) and total cholesterol (P0. 05).  Intestinal SR-BI mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in intestine by ezetimibe (P0.05). Taken together, ezetimibe significantly reduced total cholesterol as well as led to down-regulation of SR-BI in mouse intestine. <#LINE#> @ @ Pagidipati N.J., Gaziano T.A., Estimating deaths from cardiovascular disease: a review of global methodologies of mortality measurement, Circulation, 127(6), 749-56 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sarmandal C.V., Cancer, Heart and other Chronic Diseases: Some Preventive Measures to Control Lipid Peroxidation through Choice of Edible Oils, Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(6), 68-75 (2012) @No $ @ @ Criqui M.H., Cholesterol, primary and secondary prevention and all cause mortality, Ann Intern Med, 115, 973-6 (1991) @No $ @ @ Jeu L.A., Pharm D.l. and Judy W.M., et al. Pharmacology and therapeutics of ezetimibe (SCH 58235), a cholesterol-absorption inhibit, ClinTher, 25(9), 2352-87 (2003) @No $ @ @ Domagala B.M., Pharm D. and Leady M., Ezetimibe: The First Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor, Pharm Spotlight, 28(3), 191-206 (2003) @No $ @ @ Kruit J.K., Groen A.K. and VanBerkel T.J., et al. Emerging roles of the intestine in control of cholesterol metabolism, World J Gastroenterol, 12(40), 6429-39 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kocher O., Yesilaltay A. and Cirovic C., et al. Targeted Disruption of the PDZK1 Gene in Mice Causes Tissue-specific Depletion of the High Density Lipoprotein Receptor Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I and Altered Lipoprotein Metabolism, J BiolChem, 275(52), 52820–52825 (2003) @No $ @ @ Kalaiselvan A.,  Gokulakrishnan K., Anand T., Akhilesh U. and Velavan S, Preventive Effect of Shorea Robusta Bark Extract against Diethylnitrosamine -Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats, Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(1), 2-9, (2013) @No $ @ @ Yousefi B.V., Amraeai E., Salehh H., Sadeghi L., Najafi L. and Fazilati M., Evaluation of Iron Oxide nanoparticles effects on tissue and Enzymes of Thyroid in Rats, Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(7), 67-69, (2013) @No $ @ @ Mohammadi A., Abbasi Oshaghi E., NooriSorkhani A.,  Oubari F., Hosseini Kia R. and Rezaei A., Effect of Opium on Lipid Profile and Expression of Liver X Receptor Alpha (LXR) in Normolipidemic Mouse, Food and NutrSci, 3(2), 249-254 (2012) @No $ @ @ Abbasi Oshaghi E., Sorkhani A.N. and Rezaei A., Effects of Walnut on Lipid Profile as Well as the Expression of Sterol-Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c(SREBP-1c) and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors  (PPAR) in Diabetic Rat, Food and NutrSci, 3, 255-259 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mohammadi A., Mirzaei F. and Jamshidi M., et al. The In vivo Biochemical and Oxidative Changes by Ethanol and Opium Consumption in Syrian Hamsters, IJB, , 14-23, (2013) @No $ @ @ Mohammadi A., Mirzaei F. and Jamshidi M., et al. Influence of Flaxseed on Lipid Profiles and Expression of LXRa, in Intestine of Diabetic Rat, IJB, , 23-29 (2013) @No $ @ @ Mohammadi   A.,   Mirzaei   F. and Moradi M.N., et al. Effect  of flaxseed  on  Serum  Lipid  Profile  and expression   of   NPC1L1,   ABCG5   and ABCG8  genes  in  the  intestine  of  diabetic  rat,  Avi  J  Med  Biochem, 1(1): 1-6, (2013) @No $ @ @ McNamara D.J., Dietary cholesterol and atherosclerosis, Biochimicaet Biophysica Acta, 1529, 310-320 (2000) @No $ @ @ Van Heek M., Farley C. and Compton D.S., et al. Ezetimibe selectively inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption in rodents in the presence and absence of exocrine pancreatic function, BrJPharmacol, 134, 409-417 (2001) @No $ @ @ Staprans I., Pan X.M., Rapp J.H. and Moser A.H., Ezetimibe inhibits the incorporation of dietary oxidized cholesterol into lipoproteins, J. Lipid Res., 47, 2575–2580 (2006) @No $ @ @ Sirappuselvi S. and Chitra M., In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Cassia tora Lin, Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(6), 57-61 (2012)  @No $ @ @ Aweng E.R., Hanisah N., Mohd Nawi M.A.,, Nurhanan Murni Y. and  Shamsul M., Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds of Vitex Trifolia Var, Simplicifolia Associated with Anticancer, Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(3), 65-68, (2012) @No $ @ @ Lowe H.I., Watson C.T.,  Badal S.,  Ateh E.N.,  Toyang N.J. and Bryant J., Anti-angiogenic properties of the Jamaican ball moss, (Tillandsia recurvata L.), Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(4), 73-76 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rahman k., Alam D.M.  and Islam N., Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo  Mat-Wood  Veneer  Plywood,  Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(2), 61-64 (2012) @No $ @ @ Alam E.A.,  Initiation  of  Pharmaceutical  Factories depending on more Application of Biotechnology on some Medicinal  Plants  Review  Article  (In  Vitro  Production  of some  Antioxidant,  Analgesic,  Antibacterial,  Antidiabetic agent),  Res   J Recent Sci.,1(ISC-2011) , 398-404 (2012) @No $ @ @ Patil   Sunil   J.   and   Patil   H.M.,   Ethnomedicinal   Herbal Recipes from Satpura Hill Ranges of ShirpurTahsil, Dhule, Maharashtra, India, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(ISC-2011), 333-366 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sumanth M. and Rana A.C., In vivo  antioxidant  activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Taraxacusofficinale  in  rats, Indian  J Pharmacology, 38(1), 54-55 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kalogirou M., Tsimihodimos V. andElisaf M., Pleiotropic effects of ezetimibe: Do they really exist?, Eur J Pharmacol, 633,  62–70 (2010) @No $ @ @ Altmann S.W., Davis H.R. and Yao X., et al.The identification of intestinal scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI) by expression cloning and its role in cholesterol absorption, BiochimBiophys Acta, 1580, 77-93 (2002) @No $ @ @ During A., Dawson H.D. and Harrison E.H., Carotenoid transport is decreased and expression of the lipid transporters SR-BI, NPC1L1, and ABCA1 is downregulated in Caco-2 cells treated with ezetimibe, J Nutr, 135(10), 2305-12 (2005) @No $ @ @ Bietrix F., Yan D. and Rolland C., et al.Accelerated lipid absorption in mice overexpressing intestinal SR-BI,J BiolChem, 281(11), 7214-9 (2006) @No $ @ @ Plat J. and Mensink R.P., Increased intestinal ABCA1 expression contributes to the decrease in cholesterol absorption after plant stanolconsumption, FASEB J, 16, 1248–1253 (2002) @No 
<#LINE#>Tree Diversity Assessment and Conservation of Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh, India<#LINE#>Vipin@Soni,Madhuri@Modak<#LINE#>14-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-242.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany,Govt. Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalaya, Bhopal462008,MP, INDIA<#LINE#>23/9/2013<#LINE#>30/10/2013<#LINE#>Tree diversity in Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh was studied during the year 2010 Jan -2013 May. Diversity assessment of tree is important for in-situ conservation and deriving diversified uses of valuable flora on a sustainable basis.  In the present study, 126 species of trees belonging to 91 genera and 45 families have been reported. Ficus is the most dominated genera in the area, followed by Albizia, Terminalia, Grewia. It is interesting to note that Tectona grandis L. f. is the most dominant species of Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary while Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. is absent from this plateau. An assessment of economics potential of the trees has also been made based on the first hand information generated from local inhabitants mainly Bheel and Gond adivasis. The economically potential species are categorised into different groups based on their uses.  The present study deals with several angiosperm plant species and suggests certain that should be taken immediately steps under a well-planned strategy to conserve the rich tree diversity of study area. The investigation is of special significance and could help to conserve the loss of tree diversity over long period. <#LINE#> @ @ Srivastava S.K., Floristic biodiversity of Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh, Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 46 (1-4), (2001) @No $ @ @ Asthana A., Husain T. and Datt B., Study on the floral ecology of Bhimbetka World Heritage Site, Madhya Pradesh, J. For.,30(4), 459-461 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bora P.J.and Kumar Y., Floristic diversity of Assam: Study of Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary,Daya Publ.,New Delhi(2003) @No $ @ @ Malhotra S.K. and Moorthy S., A floristic account of Taroba National Park and its environs, Chandrapur district, Maharashtra BSI  Publ., India (1992) @No $ @ @ Srivastava, R. and Choudhry R.K., Floristic scenario of Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary-A case study, Bull. of Arunachal For. Research22 (1&2), 17-21 (2006) @No $ @ @ Anonymous, State of Forest Report, Forest Survey of India (2005) @No $ @ @ Heywood V.H., Global Biodiversity Assessment. United Nations Environment Program, Combridge University Press (1995) @No $ @ @ Seth M.K., Trees and their economics importance-Botanical review, NYBG press, New York (2004) @No $ @ @ Panna D., Sundriyal R.C. and Shanker U., Tree diversity and population structure in a low land Tropical Rain Forest in Eastern Himalya, India, Ind.  For.,135 (11), 1526-44 (2009) @No $ @ @ Jain S.K. and Rao R.R., A hand book of field and herbarium method, Today and tomorrow Printers & Publ., New Delhi (1977) @No $ @ @ Singh  H.B. and Subramaniam., Field manual on Herbarium. National Institute of Science Communication and Information Printed & Publ., New Delhi (2008) @No $ @ @ Pullaih T., Taxonomy of angiosperms third revised edition. Regency Publ., New Delhi (2007) @No $ @ @ Maheshwari J.K., A contribution to the flora of Kanha National Park M. P., Bull. Bot. Surv. India5, 117-140 (1963) @No $ @ @ Mudgal V., Khanna K.K. and Hajra P.K., Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Vol. II, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkatta  (1997) @No $ @ @  Oommachan M., Flora of Bhopal,Jain Bros.,Bhopal  (1977) @No $ @ @ Parker R.N., Common Indian trees and how to know them,Pointer Publ.,Jaipur (1999) @No $ @ @ Verma D.M., Balakrishnan N.P. and Dixit R.D., Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Vol. I, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkatt (1993) @No $ @ @ Champion H.G. and Seth S.K., Revised survey of forest types of India, Manager of Publ., New Delhi (1968) @No $ @ @ Shiva M.P., Inventory of Forestry Resources for Sustainable Management and Biodiversity Conservation, New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company (1998) @No 
<#LINE#>Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type-2 Diabetic Patients of Bangladesh<#LINE#>C.M.M.@Hasan,R@Parial,M.M.@Islam,M.N.U.@Ahmad,H.C.@Rakhing<#LINE#>19-22<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-243.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Bio Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331 BANGLADESH @ Chittagong Diabetic General Hospital, Chittagong-4000, BANGLADESH<#LINE#>24/9/2013<#LINE#>10/11/2013<#LINE#>  Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious public health problems, faced by both developed and developing countries. Patients with type 2 diabetes often show an unusual biochemical profile. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a routinely used marker for long-term glycemic control. In accordance with its function as an indicator for the mean blood glucose level, HbA1c predicts the risk for the development of diabetic complications in diabetic patients. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the evaluation of biochemical parameters in controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients on the basis of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level as a control. Venous blood samples collected from 156 subjects (Controlled 45 and Uncontrolled 111) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and serum analyzed for HbA1c, Fasting and after breakfast blood glucose, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL and Electrolytes. All biochemical parameters were measured following standard analytical procedure. The HbA1c and after breakfast glucose level were significantly higher in uncontrolled groups than controlled type 2 diabetic subjects (p0.001 and p0.01respectively). Serum triglyceride level in uncontrolled groups was significantly higher than controlled type 2 diabetic patients (p0.009). Serum Na and Clwas significantly higher (p0.05) in the controlled compared to uncontrolled subjects. Total cholesterol and triglycerides showed significant positive correlation with HbA1c (p0.00 and p0.01 respectively). Cl is negatively correlated with HbA1c and triglyceride (p0.045 and p0.022 respectively). The present study showed thatlipid level is increased and electrolytes level is decreased in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and HbA1c may be utilized for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and timely intervention with lipid lowering drugs in Type 2 diabetic patients.  <#LINE#> @ @ Kannel W.B, McGee D., Diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors: the Framingham study, Circulation., 59(1),8–13(1979) @No $ @ @ Ronald M., Lipid and lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care., 27(6),1496-504 (2004) @No $ @ @ Tushuizen M, Diamant M, Heine R., Postprandial dysmetabolism and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes, Postgrad Med J.,81,1-6(2005) @No $ @ @ Bevan J.L., Diabetes mellitus: a review of select ADA standards for 2006. J Nurse Pract,  2(10), 674-679 (2006) @No $ @ @ Middleton J., The effect of case management on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, The Case Manager, 14(6), 43-7 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hsin O, La Greca AM, Valenzuela J, Moine C.T. and Delamater A., Adherence and glycemic control among Hispanic youth with type 1 diabetes: Role of family involvement and acculturation, J Pediatr Psychol, 35(2), 156-166 (2010) @No $ @ @ American Diabetes Association: Standards of medical care in diabetes, Diabetes Care, 36(1), 13-61 (2013) @No $ @ @ Khattab M, Khader Y.S, Al-Khawaldeh A, Ajlouni K., Factors associated with poor glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes, J Diabetes Complications, 24(2), 84-89 (2010) @No $ @ @ Roszyk L, Faye B, Sapin V, Somda F, Tauveron I., Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) today and tomorrow., Ann Endocrinol (Paris), 68(5), 357-65 (2007) @No $ @ @ Alam T, Weintraub N, Weinreb J., What is the proper use of hemoglobin A1c monitoring in the elderly? J Am Med Dir Assoc., 7(3),60-64(2006) @No $ @ @ Vucic M, Petrovic S, Mesic R, Rocic B., An automated immunoturbidimetric assay for HbA1c determination, Clin Chem Lab Med, 37, (1999) @No $ @ @ Barham D, Trinder P., An improved color reagent for the determination of blood glucose by the oxidase system, Analyst, 97(151):142-5(1972) @No $ @ @ Allain C.C, Poon L.S, Chan C.S.G, Richmond W, Fu P.C., Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol,Clin Chem., 20(4), 470-5 (1974) @No $ @ @ Bucolo G, David H., Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes, Clin Chem., 19(5),476-482 (1973) @No $ @ @ Demacker P.N., Hijmans A.G., Vos-Janssen H.E., Van't Laar A., Jansen A.P., A study of the use of polyethylene glycol in estimating cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein, Clin Chem., 26(13), 1775-1779 (1980) @No $ @ @ Friedewald W.T., Levy R.I., Fredrickson D.S., Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge, Clin Chem,18(6), 499-502 (1972) @No $ @ @ Rao G.M.,  Serum electrolytes and osmolality in diabetes mellitus, Ind J Med Sci, 46(10), 301-303 (1992) @No $ @ @ Kendall D.M,Rubin C.J., Mohideen P., Ledeine L.M., Beller R., Gross J., Norwood P., O'Mahony M., Sall K., Sloan G.G., Improvement of glycemic control, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol levels with muraglitazar, a dual ([alpha]/[gamma]) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activator, in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: a double-blind, randomized, pioglitazone-comparative study,  Diabetes Care,29,1016–1023 (2006) @No $ @ @ Eckel R.H., Wassef M., Chait A., Prevention Conference VI: Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease : Writing Group II :pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes, Circulation 105, 138-143(2002) @No $ @ @ Van Style D.D., Serdroy J., Studies on diabetes and electrolyte equilibrium in blood, J BiolChem, 18: 20-26 (1928)  @No $ @ @ Leonard I.K., John M., Physiology and pathophysiology of body water and electrolytes. In: Kaplan and Pesce (Eds.), Clinical Chemistry: Theory, analysis and correlation, The C.V. Mosby Co. St Louis; 313-331 (1989) @No $ @ @ Cowie C.C., Harris M.I., Physical and metaboliccharacteristics of persons with diabetes, Diabetes in America, 2nd ed. National Institutes of Health; 117-164(1995)  @No
<#LINE#>Comparison of Therapeutic effects of the Myrtus communis Nano-essence and Topical 1% terbinafine cream in Guinea pigs infected by microsporum canis<#LINE#>Siamak@MashhadyRafie,Mojtaba@Chaharbaradari,Mansour@Bayat<#LINE#>23-29<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-257.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Small animal medicine, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Mycology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>19/10/2013<#LINE#>20/11/2013<#LINE#>The use of traditional medicine for centuries to treat various illnesses, is known in many societies.Nanoparticle    drug carriers are very important because it carries a variety of drugs to the different parts of the body.They can effectively deliver the drug to a target site and thus increase the therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side effects. In this study, Myrtus communis nanoessence was used to treat dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis (M.canis) in an experiment on guinea pigs. In vivo and in vitro methods were used to investigate the antifungal properties of the nanoessence. Minimum inhibitory concentration of nanoessence was 3.2-6.5 µg/ml. The treatment was started 5 days after infection as 12 hours regimen for 40 days after the infection. Both treatment groups, terbinafine and nanoessence, were completely cured over the 40-day period. Results show that the nanoessence under study is an effective drug to treat Microsporum canis caused by dermatophytosis. <#LINE#> @ @ Scott DW, et al: Muller and Kirks Small Animal Dermatology V.W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 6, 1528 (1995) @No $ @ @ Baldo A., Mondo M., Mathy A., L. Cambier, E.T. Bagut, V. Defaweux, F. Symoens N., Antoine and B. Mignon, Mechanisms of skin adherence and invasion by dermatophytes, Myc, 55, 218-223 (2013) @No $ @ @ Fontenelle R., Morais S.M., Brito H.S.E, Brilhante R. S.N., Cordeiro R.A., Lima Y.C., Brasil N.V.G.P.S., Monteiro A.J., Sidrim J.J.C and Rocha M.F.G.., Alkylphenol Activity against Candida spp. and Microsporum canis: A focus on the antifungal activity of thymol, eugenol and O-Methyl Derivatives, Molecules, 16, 6422-6431 (2011) @No $ @ @ Scott D.W., Miller W.H. and Griffin C.E., Miller and Kirk’s Small Animal Dermatology, , 1528 (2001) @No $ @ @ DeBoer D.J., Moriello K.A., Cutaneous fungal infections, In Greene CE (ed):Infectious diseases of the dog and cat, Elsevier Saunders, St Louis, Missouri., 555-569 (2006) @No $ @ @ DeBoer DJ, et al: Clinical update on feline dermatophytosis-part 2, Compend Contin Educ., 17, 1471(1995) @No $ @ @ Balfour J.A., Faulds D., Terbinafine, A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in superficial mycoses, Drugs, 43, 259-284 (1992) @No $ @ @ Allen T.M., Cullis P.R., Drug delivery systems: entering the mainstream, Science, 303, 1818–1822 (2004) @No $ @ @ Petros R.A., DeSimone J.M., Strategies in the design of nanoparticles for therapeutic applications, Nat Rev Drug Discov 9(8):615–627), (Cai W, Chen X (2007) @No $ @ @ Nanoplatforms for targeted molecular imaging in living subjects Small, 3(11), 1840–1854 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kumar M.N.V. Areview of chitin and chitosan applications, reactive funct poly, 46, 1-27 (2000) @No $ @ @ Raafat D., Bargen K.V., HAAS A & Sahl H.G., Insight into the mode of action of chitosan as an antibacterial compound, Applied and Environmental microbiology74, 3764-3773 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kumari A, Yadav S.K., Yadav S.C., Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles based drug delivery systems,  Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 75, 1–18 (2010) @No $ @ @ Park J.H., Saravanakumar G., Kim K., Kwon I.C., Targeted delivery of low molecular drugs using chitosan and its derivatives, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 62, 28–41 (2010) @No $ @ @ Chaudhari Y.S., Nanoparticles- A Paradigm for Topical Drug Delivery, Chronicles of Young Scientists, , 82-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kong M., Antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mode of action: A state of the art review, International Journal of Food Microbiolofy, 144 (2010) @No $ @ @ Raafat D., Sahl H.G., Chitosan and its antimicrobial potential- a critical literature survey, Microbial biotechnology, ,186-201 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ebn Sina, Ghanoon, Vol. 2. Translated by: Sharafkandi, A. Soroush Press, Tehran, 56-58 (2006) @No $ @ @ Azadbakht M., MyrtleIranian Herbal Pharmacopoeia Editorial Committee (Eds.), Iranian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Publications of Ministry of Health, Tehran, 747-753 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lawrence, B.M., Essential oils 1979-1980. Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream. (1981) @No $ @ @  Lee S. and Han J., Antifungal effects of Eugenol and Nerolidol against Microsporum gypseum in a guinea pig model, Biological And Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 30,184-188 (2007) @No $ @ @ Rodrigues C., Miranda K.C., Fernandes O.F.L., Sosres A.J. and Silva M.R.R., In vitro susceptibility testing of dermatophytes isolated in Goiania Brazil against five antifungal agents by broth microdilution method, Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. S. Paulo.,51, 9-12 (2009) @No $ @ @ Singh J., Zaman M. and Gupta A.K., Evaluation of microdilution and disk diffusion methods for anti fungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes, Mycoses., 45, 595-602 (2007) @No $ @ @ Saunte D.M., Hasselby J.P., Brillowska-Dabrowska A., Frimodt-Møller N., Svejgaard E.L., Linnemann D., Nielsen S.S., Haedersdal M., Arendrup M.C., Experimental guinea pig model of dermatophytosis:a simple and useful tool for the evaluation of new diagnostics and antifungals, Medical Mycology, 46, 303–3 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ghannoum M.A., Long L., Cirino1 A.J., Miller A.R., Najafi R., Wang L., Sharma K., Anderson M. and Memarzadeh B., Efficacy of NVC-422 in the treatment of dermatophytosis caused byTrichophyton mentagrophytes using a guinea pig model, Inter. J.of derm.,52, 567–571 (2013) @No $ @ @ Neves CavalcantiI J., Guerra J. and Gamble W., Histopathologic and mycologic aspects of experimental infection of guinea pigs with Microsporum canis, Braz. J. vet. Res. anim. Sci.,39, 238-242 (2002) @No $ @ @ Shimamura T., Kubota N. and Shibuya K., Animal Model of Dermatophytosis, J. of Biomed. and Biotech., 2012, 1-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ivaskiene MEstablishing the efficacy novel topical formulations in the treatment of experimental dermatophytosis in guinea pigs, 54, 76 (2011) @No 
<#LINE#>Characterization of Culturable Thermophilic Actinobacteria from Livingston Island, Antarctica<#LINE#>A.@Gousterova,D.@Paskaleva,E.@VasilevaTonkova<#LINE#>30-36<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-261.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Applied Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, BULGARIA<#LINE#>22/10/2013<#LINE#>21/11/2013<#LINE#>Thermophilic microorganisms in Antarctica are poorly investigated. This paper reports partial characterization and biosynthetic abilities of 26 thermophilic actinobacteria isolated from soil and penguin excrements samples from Livingston Island, Antarctica. About 15% of the tested Antarctic actinobacteria were able to tolerate up to 4% NaCl in the growth medium. We found that all strains are sensitive to eight, and 77% to ten of the 12 tested antibiotics suggesting relatively low anthropogenic impact in this Antarctic region. The Antarctic actinobacteria were tested for hydrolytic enzymes activity, antibiotic and hemolytic activity. It was found that all strains were able to hydrolyze starch, 81% - tributirin, and 65% - casein. All Antarctic actinobacteria demonstrated hemolytic activity, and about 27% - antimicrobial activityagainst some common bacterial pathogens. The results obtained revealed promising strains producers of industrially important thermostable enzymes and antibiotic compounds. <#LINE#> @ @ Mc Carthy  A.J. and Williams  S.T., Actinomycetes as agents of biodegradation in the environment – A review, Gene, 115, 189-192 (1992) @No $ @ @ Baltz R H., Renaissance in antibacterial discovery from actinomycetes, Curr. Opin. Pharmacol., , 557-563 (2008) @No $ @ @ Su S.S., Tian L., Chen G., Li Z.Q., Xu W.F. and Pei Y.H., Two new compounds from the metabolites of a marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces cavourensis YY01-17, J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 15, 265-269 (2013) @No $ @ @ Yallop C.A., Edwards C. and Williams S.T., Isolation and growth physiology of novel thermoactinomycetes, J. Appl. Microbiol., 83, 685-692 (1997) @No $ @ @ Lee L.H., Cheah Y.K., Sidik S.M., Ab Mutalib N.S., Tang Y.L., Lin H.P. and Hong K., Molecular characterization of Antarctic actinobacteria and screening for antimicrobial metabolite production, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 28, 2125-2137 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mahajan G.B. and Balachandran L., Antibacterial agents from actinomycetes - a review, Front. Biosci., (Elite Ed.), , 240-253 (2012) @No $ @ @ Eduards C., Isolation properties and potential applications of thermophilic actinomycetes, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 42, 161-179 (1993) @No $ @ @ Gousterova A., BraikovaD., Goshev I., Christov P., Tishinov K., Vasileva-Tonkova E., Haertlé . and Nedkov P., Degradation of keratin and collagen containing wastes by newly isolated thermoactinomycetes or by alkaline hydrolysis, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 40, 335-340 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gousterova A., Nustorova M., Paskaleva D., Naydenov M., Neshev G. and Vasileva-Tonkova E., Assessment of feather hydrolysate from thermophilic actinomycetes for soil amendment and biological control application, Int. J. Environ. Res., , 1065-1070 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kikani B.A., Shukla R.J. and Singh S P., Biocatalytic potential  of thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes, In: Current Research, Technology and Education Topics in Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, (d., A. Mendez-Vilas), ©FORMATEX, 1000-1007 (2010) @No $ @ @ Waksman S.A., Schatz A. and Reynolds D.M., Production of antibiotic substances by actinomycetes. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1213, 112-124 (2010) @No $ @ @ Prakash  D., Nawani N., Prakash M., Bodas M., Mandal A., Khetmalas M. and Kapadnis B., Actinomycetes: a repertory of green catalysts with a potential revenue resource., Biomed. Res. Int., 2013, article ID 264020 (2013) @No $ @ @ Tendler M.D. and Burkholder P.R., Studies on the thermophilic actinomycetes. I. Methods of cultivation, Appl. Microbiol., , 394-399 (1961) @No $ @ @ Moncheva P., Toshkov S., Dimitrova N., Chipeva V., Antonova-Nikolova S. and Bogatzevska N., Characteristics of soil actinomycetes from Antartica, J. Cult. Coll.,3 -14, (2002) @No $ @ @ Mavengere N.R., Isolation, identification and characterization of novel actinomycetes from Antarctic soil samples, M.Sc. Thesis, University of the Western Cape,  111 (2008) @No $ @ @ Nicolaus B., Marsiglia F., Esposito E., Trincone A., Lama L., Sharp R., di Prisco G. and Gambacorta A., Isolation of five strains of thermophilic eubacteria in Antarctica, Polar Biol., 11, 425-429 (1991) @No $ @ @ Nicolaus B., Improta R., Manca M. C., Lama L., Esposito E. and Gambacorta A., Alicyclobacilli from an unexplored geothermal soil in Antarctica: Mount Rittmann, Polar Biol., 19, 133-141 (1998) @No $ @ @ Logan N.A., Lebbe L., Hoste B., Goris J., Forsyth G., Heyndrick M., Murray B.L., Syme N., Wynn-Williams D.D. and De Vos P., Aerobic endospore-forming bacteria from geothermal environments in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, and Candlemas Island, South Sandwich Archipelago, with the proposal of Bacillus fumarioli sp. nov., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 50, 1741-1753 (2000) @No $ @ @ Allan R.N., Lebbe L., Heyrman J., De Vos P., Buchanan C. J. and Logan N.A., Brevibacillus levickii sp. nov. and Aneurinibacillus terranovensis sp. nov., two novel thermoacidophiles isolated from geothermal soils of northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 55, 1039-1050 (2005) @No $ @ @ Poli A., Esposito E., Lama L., Orlando P., Nicolaus G., de Appolonia F., Gambacorta A. and Nicolaus B., Anoxybacillus amylolyticus sp. nov., a thermophilic amylase producing bacterium isolated from Mount Rittmann (Antarctica), Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 29, 300-307 (2006) @No $ @ @ Llarch A., Logan N.A., Castellvi J., Prieto M. J. and Guinea J., Isolation and characterization of thermophilic Bacillusspp. from geothermal  environments on Deception island and south Shetland archipelago. Microb. Ecol., 34, 58-65 (1997) @No $ @ @ Muñoz P.A., Flores P.A., Boehmwald F.A. and Blamey J.M., Thermophilic bacteria present in a sample from Fumarole Bay, Deception Island, Antarc. Sci., 23, 549-555 (2011) @No $ @ @ Gushterova A., Noustorova M., Tzvetkova R., Spassov G. and Chipeva V., Investigations  of  the  microora  in  penguin’s excrements in the Antarctic.  Bulg. Antarc. Res, Life Sci., , 1-7, Pensoft  Publishers, Soa-Moscow (1999) @No $ @ @ Noustorova M., Gushterova A., Tzvetkova  R. and Chipeva V., Investigations of the microora in glaciers from the Antarctic, Bulg. Antarc. Res, Life Sci, , 8-12, Pensoft  Publishers, Soa-Moscow (1999) @No $ @ @ Gesheva V. and Vasileva-Tonkova E. Production of enzymes and antimicrobial compounds by halophilic Antarctic Nocardioides sp. grown on different carbon sources, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 28, 2069-2076 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dhawale M.R., Wilson J.J., Khachatourians G.G. and Ingledew W.M., Improved method for detection of starch hydrolysis, Appl. Environ. 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Genetics, 44, 27-34 (2008) @No $ @ @ WongC., TamH., AliasS., GonzálezM., González-RochaG. and Domínguez-YévenesM., Pseudomonas and Pedobacter isolates from King George Island inhibited the growth of foodborne pathogens, Polish Polar Res., 32, 3-14 (2011) @No $ @ @ O’Brien A., Sharp R., Russell N. and Roller S., Antarctic bacteria inhibit growth of food-borne microorganisms at low temperatures, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 48, 157-167 (2004) @No $ @ @ Kumar N., Singh R.K., Mishra S.K., Singh A.K. and Pachouri U.C., Isolation and screening of soil actinomycetes as source of antibiotics active against bacteria, Int. J. Microbiol. Res., , 12-16 (2010) @No $ @ @ Tiwari K. and Gupta R.K., Rare actinomycetes: a potential storehouse for novel antibiotics, Crit. Rev. Biotechnol., 32, 108-132 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nedialkova D. and Naidenova M., Screening the antimicrobial activity of actinomycete  strains isolated from Antarctica, J. Cult. Coll., , 29-35 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gesheva V. and Vasileva-Tonkova E., Production of enzymes and antimicrobial compounds by halophilic Antarctic Nocardioides sp. grown on different carbon sources, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 28, 2069-2076 (2012) @No $ @ @ Schuurmans D.M., Olson B.H. and San Clemente C.L., Production and isolation of thermoviridin, an antibiotic produced by Thermoactinomyces viridis n. sp., Appl. Microbiol., , 61-66 (1956) @No $ @ @ Moppett C.E., Don T.D. T., Johnson F. and Coronelli C., Structure of thermorubin A, the major orange-red antibiotic of Thermoactinomyces antiobioticus J. Am. Chem. Soc., 94, 3269-3272 (1972) @No $ @ @ Kanoh K., Matsuo Y., Adachi K., Imagawa H., Nishizawa M. and Shizuri Y., Mechercharmycins A and B, cytotoxic substances from marine-derived Thermoactinomyces sp. YM3-251, J. Antib., 58, 289-292 (2005) @No $ @ @ Moran A.C., Martnez M.A. and Siñeriz F., Quantification of surfactin in culture supernatants by hemolytic activity, Biotechnol. 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Biotechnol. 42, 223-235 (2004) @No $ @ @ Hristova I., Nedelcheva P., Gushterova A., Paskaleva D. and Krastanov A., Isolation of thermophilic actinomycetes producers of thermostable proteases, In: (Ed. A. Méndez-Vilas), Microbes in Applied Research: Current Advances and Challenges, 423-426 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Leaf Architectural Study of Hoya coriacea, Hoya halconensis and Hoya buotii (Apocynaceae)<#LINE#>F.R.P.@Salvana,I.E.Jr.@Buot<#LINE#>37-44<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-262.pdf<#LINE#>Plant Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES <#LINE#>22/10/2013<#LINE#>8/12/2013<#LINE#>Leaf architecture characters of the three seemingly similar and hence, controversial species of Hoya, namely H. coriacea, H. halconensis and H. buotii were examined. The use of leaf architecture has been demonstrated in paleobotanical studies and other systematic studies to resolve some taxonomic controversies. These characters were used to analyze the similarities and differences of the three Hoya species. The seven characters, leaf base, margin,  form, blade class, primary vein size, variation of angle of divergence and areole development, showed to be distinct from either one or two species. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) and Single Linkage were used for cluster analysis. Both results showed that H. coriacea and H. buotii shared more similar characters than H. halconensis. Elliptic to narrow elliptic form, convex leaf base and stout primary vein size were characteristics common to H. coriacea and H. buotii whereas both H. halconensis and H. buotii had leaves with nearly uniform angle of divergence. Moreover, H. coriacea and H. halconensis have moderately developed areoles while H. buotii had well-developed ones. The study showed that variations in leaf architecture characters can be used to illustrate the relationship among the three species of Hoya.   <#LINE#> @ @ The Plant Names Project., International Plant Names Index. Published on the Internet; http://www.ipni.org. 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<#LINE#>Makorin RING zinc finger protein gene expresses during leaf vascular pattern development in rice (Oryza sativum L. var. Nipponbare)<#LINE#>Baburao@WadekarHanumant,Pratap@SahiVaidurya,Morita@EugeneHayato,Shunnosuke@Abe<#LINE#>45-51<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-267.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory of Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, JAPAN <#LINE#>25/10/2013<#LINE#>7/12/2013<#LINE#>The molecular mechanisms of plant vascular tissues development havefascinated biologists for centuries. Vascular patterns in leaf are created de novo during development of each primordium and thus, it represents an attractive system to study the dynamics underlying pattern formation. Using non-radioactive in situ hybridization technique, we studied the makorin RING zinc finger protein gene (MKRN) expression pattern during embryonic and post-embryonic leaf vascular pattern development in rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Nipponbare). MKRN was ubiquitously expressed in shoot apical meristem and embryonic leaves in the embryo 10-11 and 15 days after pollination (DAP). In the embryo 15 DAP, expression of MKRN was concentrated in the developing provascular tissues whereas, it was gradually reduced in the surrounding mesophyll cells. It indicates that MKRN expression remains continuous in the cells of shoot apical meristem which later converted into provascular cells or procambium. During maturation of embryo 45 DAP, MKRN expression was restricted only to the developing provascular tissues and was found to be relatively reduced than the earlier growth stages of embryo. However, MKRN expression was again found to beincreased in the provascular bundle cellsof 1 dayimbibed embryo than in the dry mature embryo. This expression pattern was also found similar in coleoptile collected from imbibed seeds for six days. The expression pattern of MKRN was observed during the initiation of provascular cells, its differentiation, cell elongation, thus suggesting its important role in vascular pattern development in rice. <#LINE#> @ @ Cano-Delgado A., Lee J. Y. and Demura T., Regulatory mechanisms for specication and patterning of plant vascular tissues, Annu. Rev.Cel.l Dev. Biol., 26, 605-637 (2010) @No $ @ @ Busse J. S. and Evert R. F., Pattern of differentiation of the first vascular elements in the embryo and seedling of Arabidopsis thaliana, Int. J. Plant Sci.,160, 1-13 (1999) @No $ @ @ Aloni R., Differentiation of vascular tissues, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 38, 179-204 (1987) @No $ @ @ Shininger T., The control of vascular development, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 30, 313-337 (1979) @No $ @ @ Ye Z-H., Vascular tissue differentiation and pattern formation in plants, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 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Biol., 334, 345–354 (2009) @No $ @ @ Itoh J., Nonomura K., Ikeda K., Yamaki S., Inukai Y., Yamagishi H., Kitano H. and Nagato Y., Rice plant development: from zygote to spikelet, Plant Cell Physiol., 46, 23-47 (2005) @No $ @ @ Scarpella E., Rueb S., Boot K.J.M., Hoge J.H.C. and Meijer AH., A role for the rice homeobox gene Oshox1 in provascular cell fate commitment, Development, 127, 3655-69 (2000) @No $ @ @ Nishimura A., Ito M., Kamiya N., Sato Y. and Matsuoka M., OsPNH1 regulates leaf development and maintenance of the shoot apical meristem in rice, Plant J., 30, 189-201 (2002) @No $ @ @ Scarpella E., Rueb S. and Meijer A.H., The RADICLELESS1 gene isrequired for vascular pattern formation in rice, Development., 130, 645-658 (2003) @No $ @ @ Yamaguchi T., Nagasawa N., Kawasaki S., Matsuoka M., Nagato Y. and Hirano H.Y., The YABBY gene DROOPING LEAF regulates carpel specication and midrib development in Oryza sativa, Plant Cell., 16, 500-509 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gray T.A., Hernandez L., Carey A.H. et al., The ancient source of a distinct gene family encoding proteins featuring RING and C(3)H zinc-finger motifs with abundant expression in developing brain and nervous system, Genomics., 66, 76-86 (2000) @No $ @ @ Gray T.A., Azama K., Whitmore K., Min A., Abe S. and Nicholls R.D., Phylogenetic conservation of the makorin-2 gene, encoding a multiple zinc-finger protein, antisense to the RAF1 proto-oncogene, Genomics., 77, 119-126 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chamnan C., Abe S., Doi M., Chiba S. and Gray T.A., The genomic organization of MKRN1, and expression of MKRN1, MKRN2, and RAF1 in yellowtail fish Seriolaquinqueradiata),  Egypt Germ. Soc.Zoo.l C: Histol.Histochem., 42, 57-75 (2003) @No $ @ @ Abe S., Nakasuji H., Arumugam T.U., Gray T.A. and Weidner S.M., Genomic organization and expression profile of a gene encoding makorin RING zinc finger protein in germinating pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) seeds,  Acta. Physiol. Plant., 29,81-94 (2007) @No $ @ @ Arumugam T.U., Davies E., Morita E.H. and Abe S., Sequence, expression and tissue localization of a gene encoding a makorin RING zinc-finger protein in germinating rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. Japonica) seeds, Plant Physiol.Biochem., 45, 767-780 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sahi V.P., Arumugam T.U., Morita E.H. and Abe S., Expression of a gene encoding a MKRN RING zinc finger protein in early germination stages of pea (Pisum sativumL. var. Alaska) and its possible role in differentiation, Acta.Physio.l Plant., 33,1759-1767 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sahi V.P., Wadekar H.B., NagganathaSuganthan R., Arumugam T.U., Morita E.H. and Abe S., A molecular insight into Darwin’s ‘plant brain hypothesis’ through expression pattern study of the MKRN gene in plant embryo compared with mouse embryo, Plant Signal.Behav.,, 1-7 (2012) @No $ @ @ Wadekar H.B., Sahi V.P., Morita E.H. and Abe S., MKRN expression pattern during embryonic and post-embryonic organogenesis in rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Nipponbare), Planta.,  237(4), 1083-1095 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kim J.H., Park S.M., Kang M.R., Oh S.Y., Lee T.H., Muller M.T. and Chung I.K., Ubiquitin ligase MKRN1 modulates telomere length homeostasis through a proteolysis of hTERT, Gene. Dev., 19, 776-781(2005) @No $ @ @ Salvatico J., Kim J.H., Chung I.K. and Muller M.T., Differentiation linked regulation of telomerase activity by Makorin-1, Mol. 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<#LINE#>Identification of a Chimeric Transcript formed by Intergenic Splicing of UbiE2 and Yghl1-4 in Mouse<#LINE#>Suganthan@RaviNagganatha,Pratap@SahiVaidurya,Morita@EugeneHayato,Shunnosuke@Abe<#LINE#>52-59<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-268.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Ehime, JAPAN<#LINE#>26/10/2013<#LINE#>6/12/2013<#LINE#>We identified a chimeric transcript UbiE2-Yghl1-4, formed by an intergenic splicing event between UbiE2 and Yghl1-4 present in tandem position on the mouse chromosome 15F1 at a distance of ~3kb. The UbiE2 is S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase domain containing protein encoding gene, also known as mettl7a2. The Yghl1-4 is a member of YGH1/HIG1 gene family in mouse with YGHL/HIG1 exon 3 domain. The chimeric transcript is formed with exon 1 of UbiE2 fused to exons 2-4 of Yghl1-4 using the canonical splice sites from both genes. The UbiE2-Yghl1-4 is not a product of in vitro artifacts and our results showed independent expression of the parent and the chimeric transcripts. The expression of UbiE2, Yghl1-4 and UbiE2-Yghl1-4 were found exclusive to kidney only. Further, tissue localization by Non-Radioactive In Situ Hybridization (NRISH) indicated restricted expression in the epithelium of proximal tubules and adrenal cortex. The UbiE2-Yghl1-4 gene formation was found only in mouse and not in human. The characteristics of the UbiE2-Yghl1-4 chimeric transcript being specific to mouse genome and containing both the methyl transferase domain and the YGHL/HIG1 exon 3 domain appears to have functional implications in mouse and especially in the kidney, rather than merely generating genetic diversity. <#LINE#> @ @ Blencowe B. 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<#LINE#>Evaluation of Microbial Quality of Street Vended Vegetable and Fruit Juices<#LINE#>S.@Asha,K.@Nithisha,G.@Niteesha,Bharath@KumarR.,V.@Ravikumar<#LINE#>60-64<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-270.pdf<#LINE#> School of Biotechnology, Vignan University, Vadlamudi, Guntur Dt., AP, INDIA<#LINE#>26/10/2013<#LINE#>11/12/2013<#LINE#>Millions of people throughout the world consume fresh juices sold by street vendors as they are rich source of nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. They cause a great health problem in unhygienic conditions. There are reports of food borne illness associated with the consumption of street vended juices throughout the world and at several places in India. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the quality of juices sold by street vendors in Guntur, A.P., India. Two types of vegetable juices namely beetroot and carrot; three types of fruit juices namely mousambi, grapes and pineapple were selected based on the consumers demand. The juices are collected from five different localities viz., Brundavan Gardens, Sankar vilas, RTC Bus terminus, Kothapet and Nazz center. TVC (Total Viable Count), coliforms and yeast counts were analysed using standard methods like serial dilution and plate count. The results showed that TVC was highest in carrot juice followed by beetroot, pineapple, grape and mousambi juices respectively. TVC count ranged from 87-250 (x 10 CFU/ml) in beetroot juice; 80-271 in carrot juice; 15-150 in mousambi juice; 19-184 in grape juice and 25-217 in pineapple juice. The coliform count ranged from 8-66 (x 105 CFU/ml) in beetroot juice; 1-54 in carrot juice; 0-73 in mousambi juice; 1-10 in grape juice and 1-63 in pineapple juice respectively. However, the coliform count was highest in mousambi juice followed by  beetroot, pineapple, carrot and grape juices. The yeast count ranged from 11-106 (x 10 CFU/ml) in beetroot juice; 5-41 in carrot juice; 1-53 in mousambi juice, 3-20 in grape juice and 7-126 in pineapple juice respectively. The yeast count was highest in pineapple juice followed by beetroot, mousambi, carrot, and grape juice respectively. It is concluded that imparting training to the street vendors and creating awareness regarding good manufacturing practices (GMP) and good hygienic practices (GHP), implementation of standard hygienic practices and regular monitoring of the quality of fruit juices must be introduced to avoid frequent pathogen outbreaks.<#LINE#> @ @ Bagde N.I. and Tumane P.M., Studies on microbial flora of fruit juices and cold drinks, Asiatic J. Biotechnology Resources,  (4), 454-460 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sunday P. Ukwo , Nyaudoh U. Ndaeyo. and  Etido J. Udoh ., Microbiological quality and safety evaluation of fresh juices and edible ice sold in Uyo Metropolis, South-South, Nigeria, Internet  J. Food Safety, 13,374-378 (2011) @No $ @ @ Al-jedah J.H. and  Robinson R. K., Nutritional value and microbial safety of fresh fruit juices sold through retail   outlets in Qatar, Pakistan J. Nutr.,,79-81 (2001) @No $ @ @ Mahale D.P, Khade R.G. and Vaidya V.K., Microbiological analysis of street vended fruit juices from Mumbai   city, India, Internet J.  Food Safety, 10,31-34 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kumari V., Nutritional and microbial quality of sugarcane juice in Udipur city. M.Sc dissertation, RAU, Bikaner., (1995) @No $ @ @ Andres S.C, Giannuzzi L. and Zaritzky N.E., The effect o temperature on microbial growth in apple cubes packed in film and preserved by use of orange juice, International J. 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Food Safety, , 35- 38 (2006) @No $ @ @ Muinde  O.K. and  Kuria E., Hygienic and sanitary practices of vendors of street foods in Nairobi, Kenya, AJFAND online www.ajfand.net 5 (1), 1-13 (2005) @No $ @ @ Mosupye F.M. and Van Holy A., Microbiological hazard identification and exposure assessment of street food vending in Johannesburg, South Africa, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 61,137-145 (2000) @No $ @ @ Beuchat L. R., Ecological factors influencing survival and growth of human pathogens on raw fruits and vegetables, Microbes Infect., , 413-423 (2002) @No $ @ @ Hatcher W. S., Weihe J.L., Splittstoesser D.F., Hill E.C. and Parish M.E., Fruit beverages. In: Compendium of methods for the microbial examination of food. Vanderzant C and Splittstoesser D.F. (eds) American Public Health Association, Washigton DC., (1992) @No $ @ @ Burnett S.L. and Beuchal L.R., Human pathogens associated with raw produce and unpasteurized juices and difficulties in contamination, J. Indust. Microbiol. Biotechno.,27, 104-110 (2001) @No $ @ @ Mosupye F.M. and Holy Von A., Microbiological quality and safety of readt to eat street vended foods in Johannesburg South Africa,J. Food Protectio.,1278-1284(1999) @No $ @ @ Mukhopadhyay M., Majumdar  M. and Basu P., Microbial contamination of street vended fruit juices in Kolkata city, India, Internet J. Food Safety., 13, 1-5 (2011) @No $ @ @ Titarmare A., Dabholka P. and Godbole S.,  Bacteiological analysis of street vended fresh fruit and vegetable juices in Nagpur city, India, Internet J. Food Safety, 11, 1-3 (2009) @No $ @ @ Tsige Ketema, Tsegaye Gaddisa and Ketema Bacha., Microbiological safety of fruit juices served in cafes/restaurants, Jimma town, south west Ethiopia, Ethopian J. Health Sci., 18(3), 95-100 (2008) @No $ @ @ Lateef  A., Oloke J. K., Kana E.B. and Pacheco E., The microbiological quality of ice used to cool drinks and foods in Ogbomoso Metropolis, Southwest, Nigeria, Internet J. Food Safety, , 39-43 (2006) @No $ @ @ Tambekar D.H.,  Jaiswal V.J., Dhanorkar D.V., Gulhane P.B. and  Dudhane M.N.,  Microbial quality and safety of street vended fruit juices: A case study of Amravati city,  Internet J. Food Safety, 10, 72-76 (2009) @No $ @ @ Bhaskar J., Usman M., Smitha S. and  Bhat G.K., Bacteriological profile of street foods in Mangalore, Indian J. Med. Microbiol., 22,197-197 (2004) @No 
<#LINE#>Vitamin C can reduce toxic effects of Nano Zinc Oxide<#LINE#>Somayeh@Bakhshiani,Mohammad@Fazilati<#LINE#>65-70<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-272.pdf<#LINE#>Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Payam Noor University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IRAN @   Department of Biochemistry, Payam Noor University of Isfahan, IRAN <#LINE#>29/10/2013<#LINE#>24/11/2013<#LINE#>Nanoparticles are extensively employed in most industries and biological sciences. Zinc nanoparticles have widespread application in industries manufacturing medical equipment as well as household because of its unique features such as immediate effect, greater stability, and antimicrobial properties and special factors. Therefore many peoples are exposure to nanoparticles that maybe have harmful side effects. Detrimental effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles were the objective of different previous studies whit various aspects. Aim of the present research was investigation of the damages of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the liver cellsand blood factors in Wistar rats. Also this study assessed the role of vitamin C in the reduction of toxic effects of nanoparticles on the mentioned factors.36 male rats with approximately 35 days age were divided in to six groups with 6 rats separated. The rats in the experimental groups were administrated by two acute doses of nanoparticles 200 and 400 mg/kg. After 7 days rats blood samples were prepared, then AST, ALT, ALP levels measured and WBC and placket numbered. obtained results demonstrated a significant increasing in the number of WBC in the experimental groups compared to the control. Results showed rise of the liver enzymes concentration in the blood but application of vitamin C inhibit this result.This response was dose dependent and was more significant in high dose (p0/05).Our results demonstrated that zinc oxide nanoparticles interrupt the function of liver cell membrane so cause diffusion of liver enzymes to blood. By using of an antioxidant agent such as vitamin C toxic effects of nanoparticles reduced. This indicates one of more important ways of nanoparticles damaging is oxidative stress. <#LINE#> @ @ Jani P., Halbert G.W., Langridge J., Florence A.T., Nanoparticle uptake by the rat gastrointestinal mucosa: quantitation and particle size dependency, J. Pharm. Pharmacol, 42, 821-826 (1990) @No $ @ @ Garg A., Visht S., Sharma P. K., Kumar N., The effects of nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) in spermatogenesis in wistar rat, Der Pharmacia Sinica, , 17 (2011) @No $ @ @ Defra H.G., Characterising  the  potential  risks posed by engineered nanoparticles: UK Government Research A Progress Report, London (2006) @No $ @ @ Bystrzejewska-Piotrowska G., Golimowski J., Urban P. L., Nanoparticles: Their potential toxicity, waste and environmental management, Waste Manag., 29, 2587-2595 (2009) @No $ @ @ Gopinath P., Gogo S.K., Chattopadhay A., Gosh S.S.,Implications of silver nanoparticle inducedcell apoptosis for invitro gene thrappy, Nanobiotechnology, 19, 075-107 (2007) @No $ @ @ McAuliffeME,PerryMG:Are nanoparticles potential male reproductive toxicant? Aliterature review,  Nanotoxicol, , 204-210 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lockman P.R., Oyewumi M.O., Koziara J.M., Roder K.E., Mumper R.J., Allen D.D., Brain uptake of thiamine-coated nanoparticles, J. Control Release, 93, 271-82 (2003) @No $ @ @ Barbu E., Molnar E., Tsibouklis J., Gorecki D.C., The potential for nanoparticle-based drug delivery to the brain: overcoming the blood-brain barrier, Expert Opin Drug Deliv., , 553-65 (2009) @No $ @ @ YousefiBabadi V., Najafi L., Najafi A., Gholami H., BeigiZarji M., Golzadeh J., Amraie E., Shirband A.,Evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticles effects on tissue and enzymes of liver in rats, J. Pharma. Biomed. Sci., 23, 1-5 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mortimer M., Kasemets K., Kahru A., Toxicity of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles to ciliated protozoa Tetrahymenathermophila, Toxicol., 269, 182-189 (2010) @No $ @ @ Abdollahi M., Mostafalou S., Pourour mohammadi S., Shadnia S., Oxidative Stress and cholinesterase inhabitation in saliva and plasma of rats following sub chronic exposure to malathion Comp, Biochem Physiol.,137,  29-34 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gu P.F., Yang J.Y., Wu C.F., Li W., Shang Y., Frontal decortication eliminates  drug-induced ascorbic acid release in the striatum but not the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats, Brain Res., 1033, 194-201 (2005) @No $ @ @ Siddigue Y.H., Beg T., Afzal M., Anticlastogenic effects of ascorbic acid against the genotoxic damage induced by Norethynodrel, Adv.Environ.Biol.,, 27-32 (2007) @No $ @ @ Abdou H.S., Salah S.H., Abdel Rahim E.A., The ability of vitamin A,C and E as antioxidants against the genotoxic potential of Tefluthrin, Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci., 3, 4190-4198 (2009) @No $ @ @ Meyer S.A. and Kulkarni A.P., Hepatotoxicity. In: Hodgson E, Smart RC, editors, Introduction to biochemical toxicology, 3th Ed. New York: A. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , 487-90 (2001) @No $ @ @ Fu Y., ZhengS.h., Lin J., Ryerse J.,Curcumin Protects the Rat Liver from CCl4-Caused Injury and Fibrogenesis by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Suppressing Inflammation, Mol Pharmacol.,73, 399–409 (2008) @No $ @ @ Berry C.C., Charles S., Wells S., Dalby M.J., Curtis A.S., The influence of transferrin stabilised magnetic nanoparticles on human dermal fibroblasts in culture, Int. J.Pharm.,269, 211-225 (2004) @No $ @ @ Revell P.A., The biological effects of nanoparticles, Nanothechnol. Perc.,, 283-98 (2006) @No $ @ @ Aillon K.L., Xie Y., El-Gendy N., Berkland C.J., Forrest M.L., Effects of nanomaterial physicochemical properties on in vivo toxicity, Adv Drug Deliv Rev.,61, 457-66(2009) @No $ @ @ Chen Z., Meng H., Xing G., Chen C., Zhao Y., Jia G., Acute toxicological effects of copper nanoparticles invivo, Toxicol. Let.,163,109-120 (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>Rotifers in the Littoral Zone of Lake Shkodra/Skadar (Albania-Montenegro) as a tool for Determining Water Quality<#LINE#>Shumka@Spase<#LINE#>71-77<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-273.pdf<#LINE#> Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Tirana, ALBANIA <#LINE#>29/10/2013<#LINE#>3/12/2013<#LINE#>This study was undertaken with the purpose of investigating rotifer species composition and abundance in the littoral part of Lake Shkodra/Skadar with the intention to assess the water quality and trends. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the rotifers of Lake Shkodra are based on samples collected during 2010 in the Albanian littoral zone of the lake. During the period investigated (spring–autumn), the main species recorded were Synchaeta stylata, Polyarthra major, P. euryptera, Anuraeopsis fissa fissa, Pompholyx complanata, Lecane bulla, L. lula, L. lunaris, Trichocerca pusilla, Filinia longiseta, Keratella cochlearis, K. quadrata, Brachionus angularis, B. diversicornis and B. calyciflorus, a cosmopolitan mixture. The rotifer species assemblage was dominated by Asplanchna priodonta, B. diversicornis and B. calyciflorus f. amphiceros, which comprised 25–30% of total rotifer density. During the spring–summer period the total density showed a rapid increase to more than 334ind/l. The results from the use of rotifers to test water quality purposes indicate that although various impacting factors, such as nutrient input from the tributaries, were high the lake is nevertheless in a mesotrophic state. <#LINE#> @ @ EC, Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23rd October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy, 1–72 (2000) @No $ @ @ Taseska, O., Kostoski, G., Gusheska, D., Rotifers based assessment of the Lake Dojran water quality, Balwois IV, 121–130, Ohrid (2010) @No $ @ @ 77cycle in Lake Ohrid. – Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol., (27), 3708-3711 (2001) @No $ @ @ Steinberg A., Ejsmont-Karabin J., Muirhead J.R. andMacIsaac H.J., Spatial and temporal stability of rotifer communities, Hydrobiologia, (624), 107–114 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ejsmont-Karabin J., Rotifer occurrence in relation to age, depth and trophic state of quarry lakes, Hydrobiologia, 313/314, 21–28 (1995) @No $ @ @ Saksena D.N., Rotifers as indicators of water quality, Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol.,(15), 481–485 (1987) @No $ @ @ Vaishali S., Goldin Q., Madhuri. P.K., Occurrence of Rotifers and its Relation to the Water Quality during the Bioremediation process, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(3),54-58 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mäemets A., Rotifers as indicators of lake types in Estonia, Hydrobiologia, (104), 357–361 (1983) @No $ @ @ Berzins B. Pejler, B., Rotifer occurrence in relation to trophic degree. Hydrobiologia (182)171–180 (1989) @No $ @ @ Matveeva L.K, Can pelagic rotifers be used as indicators of lake trophic state? Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol., (24), 2761–2763 (1991) @No $ @ @ Karabin A., Pelagic zooplankton (Rotatoria + Crustacea) variation in the process of lake eutrophication. I. Structural and quantitative features, Ekol. Pol., (33), 567–616 (1985) @No $ @ @ Thirupathaiah M., Sravanthy. Ch and Sammaiah. Ch., Diversity of zooplankton in Lower Manair reservoir, Karimnagar, AP, India, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(7),27-32 (2012) @No $ @ @ American Public Health Association, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 16th Edition, APHA, New York (1985) @No $ @ @ Voigt M., Rotatoria, Die Rädertiere Mitteleuropas. I. Textband 508 pp.; II Tafelband, Gebruder Bornträger, Berlin (1957) @No $ @ @ Radwan S.,  Planktonic rotifers as indicators of lake trophy, Annales Univ, Mariae Curie, Sklodowska (biol.), (31) 227–235 (1976) @No $ @ @ Koste W.,  Die Rädertiere Mitteleuropas (Textband, Tafelband). Gebr. Borntraeger, Berlin/Stuttgart, 673, 234 Tafeln (1978) @No $ @ @ Istvan B., A kerekesférgek Rotatoria Kishatározója I. Vízgazdálkodási Intézet igazgatója, Budapest, 1–336 (1986) @No $ @ @ Segers H., Rotifera 2. The Lecanidae (Monogononta). SPB Academic Publishing, 1–226 (1995) @No $ @ @ Keukelaar F., de Goffau, A., Pradhan, T., Sutmuller, T., Misurovic, A., Ivanovic. S., Lake Shkoder Transboundary Diagnostics Analysis. Final Report: Summary, Royal Haskoning, World Bank, 26 (2006) @No $ @ @ Lampert W. Sommer U., Species richness and diversity. In: Limnoecology. The ecology of lakes and streams, Oxford University Press, New York, 195, 197, 261 (1997) @No $ @ @ Karabin A., The usefulness of zooplankton as Lake Ecosystem indicators: Rotifer state trophic index, Pol. Jour. of Ecology, 60 (2)339–350 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sládeek V., Rotifers as indicators of water quality, Hydrobiologia, 100, 169–201 (1983) @No $ @ @ Rakoevi J., Spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton in Lake Skadar, Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade,64(2), 585–595 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pejler B., On the use of zooplankters as environmental indicators (In: Some Approaches to Saprobiological Problems, Ed: M. Sudzuki), Sanseido Co. Ltd., Tokyo, 9–12 (1981) @No $ @ @ Pejler B., Zooplanktic indicators of trophy and their food. Hydrobiologia, (101), 111–114 (1981) @No $ @ @ Duggan I.C., Green J.D. and Shiel R.J., Distribution of rotifers in North Island, New Zealand, and their potential use as bioindicators of lake trophic state, Hydrobiologia, 446/447, 155–164 (2001) @No $ @ @ Kuczyska-Kippen N., Habitat choice in Rotifera communities of three shallow lakes: impact of macrophyte substratum and season, Hydrobiologia, 593, 27–37 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kulkarni D.A.1 and Surwase S.S., Studies on Occurance, Richness and Composition of Zooplankton in Seena river water at, Mohal, Dist- Solapur, MS, India, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(2), 25-28 (2013) @No $ @ @ Radwan S. and Popilek B., Percentage of rotifers in spring zooplankton in lakes of different trophy, Hydrobiologia 186/187: 235–238 (1989) @No $ @ @ Hillbricht-Ilkowska A., Trophic relations and energy flow in pelagic plankton, Pol. Ecol. Stud., (3), 3–98 (1977) @No $ @ @ Zankai N.P., Predation of Cyclops vicinus (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) on small zooplankton animals in Lake Balaton (Hungary), Arch. Hydrobiol.,99(3), 360–378 (1984) @No $ @ @ Paturej E., Assessment of the trophic state of a restored urban lake based on zooplankton community structure and zooplankton-related indices, Polish Journal of Natural Sciences, 23(2), 440–449 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sharma K.K., Kaur S., Neha A. and Shvetambri, Habitat Preference of Rotifers Inhabiting some Waters of Jammu province, J&K, India, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(6), 35-38 (2013) @No $ @ @ Goswami A.P. and Mankodi P.C., Study on Zooplankton of Fresh Water Reservoir Nyari – II Rajkot district, Gujarat, India, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(1), 30-34 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Effects of Curcuma longa and Cinnamon aqueous extracts on Serum Carbohydrates and Lipids metabolism and oxidative status in high Fructose fed Rats<#LINE#>S.@Asadi,M.@Sohrabi,S.@Zarei,T.@Ghyasvand,A.@RezaeiFarimani,MT.@Goodarzi<#LINE#>78-82<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-277.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IRAN @ Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IRAN @ Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IRAN @ Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IRAN <#LINE#>1/11/2013<#LINE#>15/12/2013<#LINE#>This study was designed to assess the effect of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and cinnamon extract on the blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile levels and oxidative status in high fructose-fed rats. Forty rats of 5-8 weeks old were divided into five groups with 8 rats in each group. Each group was fed with different diets as follows Group 1: common diet (Cont); Group 2: 21% fructose (Fru); Group 3: 10% turmeric (0.3ml/day/rat) with 21% Fru (Fru + Tur-1); Group 4: 10% turmeric (3ml/day/rat) with 21% Fru (Fru+ Tur-2); and Group 5:healthy rats consuming 10% turmeric (3ml/day/rat) (Cont + Tur-2). Cinnamon also followed the same grouping (Cont, Fru, Fru + Cin-1, Fru + Cin-2 and Cont + Cin-2). The experimental feeding was continued for 10 weeks. Treatment with cinnamon and curcuma (turmeric) was administered orally from the 21th day of fructose feeding. The animals were sacriced. Then abdominal incision was given and blood was collected from the jugular vein and serum was separated and stored at 80°C. The serum glucose, ALT, AST, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and HDL-C were determined using Pars Azmun kit (Iran), and LDL-C was calculated. Insulin was assayed using an immunoassay kit. NO was measured by ENZO NO Parameter Assay Kit. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined using ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (Frap). Maolnedialdehyde (MDA) as a marker for lipid peroxidation was measured using a flurometric method. Total oxidant status (TOS) in serum samples was determined using the oxidation of ferrous ion to ferric ion in the presence of various oxidant species in acidic medium and the measurement of the ferric ion by xylenol orange. Feeding rats with high fructose diet leads to increase in glucose and insulin. There was an increase in cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-C in fructose fed rats as compared to controls. Treatment with turmeric and cinnamon extract significantly reduced these parameters. These ndings indicate the improvement of blood glucose, insulin resistance, lipid profiles and antioxidant activity by Curcuma longa (Turmeric) and Cinnamon in high fructose-fed rats. <#LINE#> @ @ Organization WH. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: report of a WHO/IDF consultation, Geneva: World Health Organization., 1-50,  (2006) @No $ @ @ Regy J., Padmaja G.Comparative Studies on the Production of Glucose and High Fructose Syrup from Tuber Starches, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(10), 68-75, (2013) @No $ @ @ Johnson RJ., Segal MS., Sautin Y., Nakagawa T., Feig DI., Kang D-H., et al. Potential role of sugar (fructose) in the epidemic of hypertension, obesity and the metabolic syndrome,  diabetes, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease, The American journal of clinical nutrition., 86(4), 899-906, (2007) @No $ @ @ Roncal-Jimenez CA., Lanaspa MA., Rivard CJ., Nakagawa T., Sanchez-Lozada LG., Jalal D., et al. Sucrose induces fatty liver and pancreatic inflammation in male breeder rats independent of excess energy intake, Metabolism., 60(9), 1259-70, (2011) @No $ @ @ Ripunjoy S. Indigenous knowledge in the utilization of medecinal plants by the Sonowal Keracho tribe of Dibrugarh district in Assam, north-east India. Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(4), 44-50, (2013) @No $ @ @ Ammon H., Anazodo M., 1992. Curcumin: A potent inhibitor of leukotriene B4 formation in rat peritoneal polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNL). Planta Medica. 58: 226. Ammon HPT., Safayhi H., Mack T., and Sabieraj J., 1993, Mechanism of. Medica., (57), 1-7, (1991) @No $ @ @ Umida Khodjaeva1,2, Tatiana Bojnanská1, Vladimír Vietoris1 , Oksana Sytar3,4 and Ranjeet Singh5. Food Additives as Important Part of Functional Food, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(4), 74-86, (2013) @No $ @ @ Khan A., Bryden NA., Polansky MM., Anderson RA., Insulin potentiating factor and chromium content of selected foods and spices, Biol Trace Elem Res., (24), 183–8, (1990) @No $ @ @ Ooi LS., Li Y., Kam SL., et al. Antimicrobial  activities of cinnamon oil and cinnamaldehyde from the Chinese medicinal herb Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Am J Chin Med., 34(3), 511-22, (2006) @No $ @ @ Kamal-Eldin A., Frank J., Razdan A., Tengblad S., Basu S., Vessby B., Effects of dietary phenolic compounds on tocopherol, cholesterol, and fatty acids in rats, Lipids., 35(4), 427-35, (2000) @No $ @ @ Anderson R., Brantne J., MM Polansky. An improved assay for biologically active chromium, J Agric Food Chem., (26), 1219-21, (1978) @No $ @ @ Khan A., Safdar M., Khan MA., Khattak KN., Anderson RA., Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes, Diabetes care., 26(12), 3215-8, (2003) @No $ @ @ Kim SH., Hyun SH., Choung SY., Anti-diabetic effect of cinnamon extract on blood glucose in db/db mice, Journal of Ethnopharmacology., 104(1), 119-23, (2006) @No $ @ @ Qin B., Polansky MM., Sato Y., Adeli K., Anderson RA., Cinnamon extract inhibits the postprandial overproduction of apolipoprotein B48-containing lipoproteins in fructose-fed animals, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry., 20(11), 901-8, (2009) @No $ @ @ Rao DS., Sekhara NC., Satyanarayana M., Srinivasan M., Effect of curcumin on serum and liver cholesterol levels in the rat, Journal of Nutrition., (100), 1307-15, (1970) @No $ @ @ Lee JS., Jeon SM., Park EM., Huh TL., Kwon OS., Lee MK., et al. Cinnamate supplementation enhances hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense systems in high cholesterol-fed rats, Journal of medicinal food., 6(3), 183-91, (2003) @No $ @ @ Verspohl EJ., Bauer K., Neddermann E., Antidiabetic effect of Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in vivo and in vitro, Phytotherapy Research., 19(3), 203-6,(2005) @No $ @ @ Rukkumani R., Balasubashini M., Menon VP., Protective effects of curcumin and photoirradiated curcumin on circulatory lipids and lipid peroxidation products in alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid induced toxicity, Phytotherapy Research., 17(8), 925-9, (2003) @No $ @ @ Joe B., Lokesh B., Role of capsaicin, curcumin and dietary n-3 fatty acids in lowering the generation of reactive oxygen species in rat peritoneal macrophages, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research., 1224(2), 255-63, (1994) @No $ @ @ Chainani-Wu N., Safety and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin: a component of tumeric (Curcuma longa), The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 9(1), 161-8 (2003) @No $ @ @ 8221.Brouet I., Ohshima H., Curcumin, an anti-tumor promoter and anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase in activated macrophages, Biochemical and biophysical research communications., 206(2), 533-40 (1995) @No $ @ @ Qin B., Nagasaki M., Ren M., Bajotto G., Oshida Y., Sato Y., Cinnamon extract prevents the insulin resistance induced by a high-fructose diet, Hormone and metabolic research, 36(2), 119-25 (2004) @No $ @ @ Friedewald WT., Levy RI., Fredrickson DS., Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge, Clinical chemistry, 18(6), 499-502 (1972) @No $ @ @ Benzie IF., Ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay: direct measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration, Method Enzymol., (299), 15-27, (1999) @No $ @ @ Erel O., A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status, Clinical biochemistry., 38(12), 1103-11, (2005) @No $ @ @ Babu PS., Srinivasan K., Hypolipidemic action of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 166(1-2), 169-75 (1997) @No $ @ @ Kim JG., Mandal PK., Choi KD., Pyun CW., Hong GE., Lee CH., Beneficial dietary effect of turmeric and sulphur on weight gain, fat deposition and lipid profile of serum and liver in rats, Journal of Food Science and Technology, 1-6 (2011) @No $ @ @ Naderi G., Asgari Sedigheh T., Sabet B., Nikkhoo N., Antioxidant effect of Turmeric and saffron on the oxidation of hepatocytes, LDL and non-enzymatic glycation of hemoglobin, Journal of Medicinal Plants., 4(16), 29-35 (2005) @No $ @ @ Suryanarayana P., Saraswat M., Mrudula T., Krishna TP., Krishnaswamy K., Reddy GB., Curcumin and turmeric delay streptozotocin-induced diabetic cataract in rats, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science., 46(6), 2092-9 (2005) @No $ @ @ Vijayalakshmi B., Salimath P., Effect of bitter gourd and spent turmeric on glycoconjugate metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Journal of Diabetes and its Complications. 23(1), 71-6, (2009) @No $ @ @ Kannappan S., Jayaraman T., Rajasekar P., Ravichandran M., Anuradha C., Cinnamon bark       extract improves glucose metabolism and lipid profile in the fructose-fed rat, Singapore medical    journal., 47(10), 858 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mang B., Wolters M., Schmitt B., Kelb K., Lichtinghagen R., Stichtenoth D., et al. Effects of a cinnamon extract on plasma glucose, HbA1c, and serum lipids in diabetes mellitus type 2, European journal of clinical investigation, 36(5), 340-4 (2006) @No $ @ @ Baker WL., Gutierrez-Williams G., White CM., Kluger J., Coleman CI., Effect of cinnamon on glucose control and lipid parameters, Diabetes care, 31(1), 41-3 (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Leaf Architecture of Ten Species of Philippine Terminalia Linn. (Combretaceae)<#LINE#>B.@BarogaJessica,E.@BuotJr.Inocencio<#LINE#>83-88<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-280.pdf<#LINE#>Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, College, Laguna, 4031 Laguna, PHILIPPINES @ Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, and University  of the Philippines Open University, Los Banos, 4031 Laguna PHILIPPINES<#LINE#>6/11/2013<#LINE#>17/12/2013<#LINE#>Leaf architectural characters of 10 species of Terminalia (Combretaceae) were examined. The leaf architectural characters observed in the ten Philippine species of Terminalia were leaf attachment, petiole features, laminar shape, base and apex shape, margin type, blade class of the leaf, 2° and 3° vein category, spacing and angle. A dichotomous key to the 10 species of Terminalia was constructed and distinct description based on the leaf architectural characters for each species was done. Based on the result of this study the leaf architectural characters are of great help in plant taxonomy and systematics, most especially in dealing with sterile plant specimens.<#LINE#> @ @ Hickey L.J., Classification of the Architecture of Dicotyledonous Leaves, American Journal of Botany,60,17-33 (1973) @No $ @ @ Swaminathan C., Vijendra Rao R., and Shashikala S., Preliminary evaluation of variations in anatomical properties of Meila dubia Cav. Wood, I. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(4), 1-6 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pacheco-Trejo J., Terrazas T., and Ochoterena H., Leaf architecture of the genus Didymaea Hook. f. (Rubiaceae), Plant Syst. Evol., 281, 137-149 (2009) @No $ @ @ Bharti S. and Vijaya K., In Vitro Plantlets Regeneration of Terminalia bellirica Roxb. An important Medicinal Tree, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci.,2(11), 18-23 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hernandez I., Rodriguez J.V., Romero O., Hernandez J.S., Macias A., Lopez H., and Herrera J.G., Morphometric Characterization of Creole Sheep without Ear of the Sierra North State of Puebla-Mexico, I. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(5), 1-8 (2013) @No $ @ @ Tazick Z. and Tajick Ghanbary M.A., Taxonomic position of Bipolaris oryzae among other Cochliobolus species using Ribosomal region and some Protein Coding genes, Res.J.Recent.Sci., 2(ISC-2012) @No $ @ @ , 212-216 (2013) @No $ @ @ Bhalerao S.A. and Kelkar T.S., Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Activities of Cassia fistula Linn., I. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(5), 79-84 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sonowal R. and Barua I., Indigenous Knowledge and Bioresource Utilization among the Tai-Khamyangs of Assam, North East India, I. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(7), 38-43 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mishra Manish, Current status of endangered Medicinal plant Hedychium coronarium and causes of Population  decline in the natural forests of Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhya Pradesh, India, I. Res. J. Biological Sci., 2(3), 1-6 (2013) @No $ @ @ Dougnon T.V., Bankole H.S., Edorh A.P., Dougnon T.J., Klotoe J.R., Loko F., and Boko M., Cytotoxicity of Leaves and Fruits of Solanum macrocarpon Linn (Solanaceae) against shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach), Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(5), 6-9 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ogbe A.O. and John P. Affiku, Effect of Polyherbal Aqueous Extracts (Moringa oleifera, Gum arabic and wild Ganoderma lucidum) in Comparison with Antibiotic on Growth Performance and Haematological Parameters of Broiler Chickens, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(7), 10-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ MacDonald Idu, Science and Technology in the 21st Century: Phytomedicine in Focus, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(1),1-7 (2013) @No $ @ @ Singh V., Jain D.K., and Sharma M., Leaf architecture in Salix. J. Indian Botanical Society, 57, 369-387 (1976) @No $ @ @ Jain, D.K., Studies in Bignoniaceae III Leaf architecture. J. Indian Botanical Society, 57, 369-387 (1978) @No $ @ @ Inamdar, J.A. and G.S.R. Murthy, Leaf architecture in some Solanaceae, Flora, 167, 265-272 (1981) @No $ @ @ Mohan, J.S.S. and J.A. Inamdar, Leaf venation studies in some Asclepiadaceae, Phytomorphology, 34, 36-45 (1984) @No $ @ @ Stace, C.A., The taxonomic importance of leaf surface, V.H. Heywood and D.M. Moore. Eds. Current concepts in Plant Taxonomy Academic Press, London, 67-94 (1984) @No $ @ @ Annamani B. and Prabhakar M. Foliar architecture of the Visakhapatnam Flora.1. Rannales, Indian Journal of Forestry, 14, 131-137 (1991) @No $ @ @ Banaticla M.C.N. and Buot Jr. I.E., Leaf architecture of ten Philippine Psychotria species (Rubiaceae), The Phil. Scientist, 41, 74-90 (2004) @No $ @ @ Obico J.J.A., Bagay C.K.C., Asencion A.S., Agoo E.M.G., and Medecilo M.M., Study of the leaf morphology of Epipremnum Schott and Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae) in the Philippines, Phil. J. of Syst. Biology,1(1), 1525 (2007) @No $ @ @ Laraño A.A.P. and Buot, Jr. I.E., Leaf architecture of selected species of Malvaceae sensu APG and its taxonomic significance, Phil. Journal of Systematic Biology,IV(2010) @No $ @ @ Celadiña D.A., Buot Jr. I.E., Madulid., Evangelista T.T., and Tandang D.N., Leaf architecture of selected Philippine Cinnamomum Schaeff. (Lauraceae) Species, The Thailand Natural History MuseumJournal, 6(2), 89-111 (2012) @No $ @ @ Leaf Architecture Working Group (LAWG), Manual of Leaf Architecture – morphological description and categorization of dicotyledonous and net-veined monocotyledonous angiosperms, Smithsonian Institution,65 (1999) @No 
@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Soil and Vegetation Analysis of Selected Roadside Greenbelts in Rawalpindi City, Pakistan<#LINE#>R.@Shabbir,S.@Erum,S.@Khalid<#LINE#>89-98<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-290.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>22/11/2013<#LINE#>30/12/2013<#LINE#>Roadside urban greenbelts play an important role in increasing urban aesthetic, comport, and atmospheric qualities. This significant role of plants in urban roadside greenbelts cannot be denied. Therefore, a strong research is required to carve out the role of plants in both qualitative and quantitative terms for sustainable planning and management of urban areas. Unfortunately, Pakistan lags behind in such kind of research from other countries. The documentation of the planning of urban greenbelts is inaccessible and no proper reporting is available. In view of these facts, an attempt was done to assess three roadside greenbelts in Rawalpindi city in terms of their plants, their community formation and association with environmental parameters. The analysis through ordination techniques showed 2 major groups in each greenbelt with a significant association with EC, saturation, P, Zn, Cu and Mn. Few species showed affirmative response towards the environmental variables. The study provided base line data and information of plant communities. But it strongly emphasizes need of the comprehensive research on each of the multiple roles played by plants in such localities for the effective, sustainable planning and management.  <#LINE#> @ @ Szczepanowska H.B., Trees in the city, Hortpress, Warsaw Poland (2001) @No $ @ @ Tyrvainen L., Pauleit S., Seeland K. and Vries D.S., Benefits and uses of urban forests and trees, Konijnendijk C.C., Nilsson K., Randrup B.T., and Schipperijn J. 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