International Science Community Association International Research Journal of Biological Sciences 2278-3202 10 1 2021 02 10 Vultures in India: A review 70 78 EN Shiferaw Legesse 1 Ethiopia Meat and Dairy Industry Development Institute, P.O.1573, Bishoftu, Ethiopia Damise Taye 2 Selale University, College Animal and Range science, P.O. 245, Fiche, Ethiopia Mahajan Minakshi 1 Department of Botany, Fergusson College, Pune-411004, India Hajare Shweta D. 2 Department of Botany, Fergusson College, Pune-411004, India . Riya 1 Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical and Health care Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana, India Thapar Parul 2 Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical and Health care Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana, India E.E. El Nur 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, PC, 11115, P. O. Box 321 Khartoum, Sudan L.I. Ali 2 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, PC, 11115, P. O. Box 321 Khartoum, Sudan E. Fadul 3 Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Medicinal, Aromatic and Traditional Research Institute (M.A.P.R.I.), National Center for Research, P. O. Box 2404 Khartoum, Sudan l.E. Mohamed 4 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, PC, 11115, P. O. Box 321 Khartoum, Sudan Lumogdang Leonel P. 1 Department of Marine Biology, Southern Philippines of Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental Philippines and College of Arts and Sciences, Xavier University-Ateneo De Cagayan, Cagayan de-Oro Philippines Bullong Lynde Q. 2 Department of Marine Biology, Southern Philippines of Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental Philippines and College of Arts and Sciences, Xavier University-Ateneo De Cagayan, Cagayan de-Oro Philippines Nuneza Olga M. 3 Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Tibanga, Iligan City Philippines and Department of Chemistry, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Tibanga, Iligan City Philippines Uy Mylene M. 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Tibanga, Iligan City Philippines and Department of Chemistry, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Tibanga, Iligan City Philippines Khan Amrin 1 School of Studies in Microbiology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, 456010, India Jain Sudhir Kumar 2 School of Studies in Microbiology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, 456010, India Prakash Sadguru 1 Department of Zoology, MLK Post Graduate College, Balrampur, Uttar Pradesh, India Verma Ashok Kumar 2 Department of Zoology, Government Post Graduate College, Saidabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India Sarkar Roni 1 South Calcutta Girls College, 72, Sarat Bose Rd, Lansdown, Garcha, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal 700025, India Sakshi Shukla 1 Department of Biotechnology, MRD Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd. Lucknow, India Chitranshu Pandey 2 Department of Biotechnology, MRD Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd. Lucknow, India B. Gurupreetha 1 Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode - 637 205, Tamilnadu, India S. Shruthi 2 Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode - 637 205, Tamilnadu, India N. Prabhu 3 Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode - 637 205, Tamilnadu, India Suyani N.K. 1 Department of Fisheries Resources and Management, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru - 575002, India Kimsing Abprez Thungwon 1 Ecology and Wildlife Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh- 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India Biju Talo 2 Ecology and Wildlife Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh- 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India Ngukir Jacob 3 Ecology and Wildlife Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh- 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India Mize Daniel 4 Ecology and Wildlife Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh- 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India > Review Paper 2020 9 29 2021 02 10 Various papers published on studies related to the status of vultures in India were collected and assessed to acquire relevant information. In this paper, we reviewed and outlined the distribution, unique adaptations, habitat preferences, feeding behavior, breeding behavior, population status, threats, and impacts of the decline of vultures in India. Vultures are medium to large-sized scavenging birds that primarily feed on carrions. Being scavengers, they deliver an array of ecological, economic and cultural services. They feed on rotten carcasses and prevent the spread of deadly and contagious diseases like brucellosis, rabies, anthrax, plague, tuberculosis, etc. In the last two decades, drastic decline in the numbers of vulture populations have been observed. Many workers found the use of diclofenac; a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in livestock is the main culprit for such decline. However, other factors of equal potential are also recognized, which include food scarcity, habitat loss, and others. The decline of these vultures poses serious threats to wildlife, livestock, and human health. 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