@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Omega-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids improves semen quality in adult male rats<#LINE#>Noura E. @Abd El-Hameed,Adel A. @El Badry,Wafaa E. @Mohamed,Dina @Mousa <#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJAVFS-2019-004.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt@Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt@Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt@B.V.Sc. in science, Ainshams University, Egypt<#LINE#>19/6/2019<#LINE#>12/3/2020<#LINE#>In order to assess the effect of Omega-3 PUNFs on the quality of semen in albino rats in order to get benefit from its use. Fifty mature male albino rats weighing 250-300g and  4-6 months of age  were allocated  randomly  into 2 equal  groups;  group A that kept as control (n=25) and group B (n=25) where, rats subjected to oral administration of omega-3 for 2 months  at 375mg/kg body weight daily. Semen was collected from both groups after 8 weeks for detecting the sperm motility, count and abnormalities. Sera were used for determination of testosterone level. In addition, testis homogenate was used for measuring catalase and malondialdehyde activity. The body weight and sex organs (testis, prostate gland and seminal vesicles) weights were recorded in both groups. Histological examination of testis was performed. We found a significant increase in sperm motility, count, testosterone and catalase concentrations with a decrease in sperm abnormalities percentage and malondialdehyde concentration in omega-3treated group as compared with control. No change in both body and sex organs weights was observed in treated group. In addition, numerous sperms in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules with numerous active spermatocytes were observed in the testis of omega-3treated group. It was concluded that Omega-3PUNFs had a positive and useful effects on the male fertility and could improve semen quality.<#LINE#>Toshimori K., Ito, C., Maekawa, M., Toyama, Y., Suzuki-Toyota, F., et al. (2004).@Impairment of spermatogenesis leading to infertility.@Anat. Scilnt., 79, 101-111.@No$Austin, D. F. (1991).@Ipomoea littoralis (Convolvulaceae)-taxonomy, distribution, and ethnobotany.@Economic Botany, 45(2), 251-256.@Yes$Giahi, L., Mohammadmoradi, S., Javidan, A., & Sadeghi, M. R. (2016).@Nutritional modifications in male infertility: a systematic review covering 2 decades.@Nutrition reviews, 74(2), 118-130.@Yes$Saleh, R. A., & HCLD, A. A. (2002).@Oxidative stress and male infertility: from research bench to clinical practice.@Journal of andrology, 23(6), 737-752.@Yes$Esmaeili, V., Shahverdi, A. H., Moghadasian, M. H., & Alizadeh, A. R. (2015).@Dietary fatty acids affect semen quality: a review.@Andrology, 3(3), 450-461.@Yes$Brinsko, S. P., Varner, D. D., Love, C. C., Blanchard, T. L., Day, B. C., & Wilson, M. E. (2005).@Effect of feeding a DHA-enriched nutriceutical on the quality of fresh, cooled and frozen stallion semen.@Theriogenology, 63(5), 1519-1527.@Yes$Scorletti E. and Byrne C.D. (2013).@Omega-3 fatty acids, hepatic lipid metabolism, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.@Annual Review of Nutrition, 33(1), 231-48.@Yes$Rizos E. C., Ntzani E. E., Bika E., Kostapanos M. S. and Elisaf  M.S. (2012).@Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.@JAMA, 308(10), 1024-1033.@Yes$Seo, T., Blaner, W. S., & Deckelbaum, R. J. (2005).@Omega-3 fatty acids: molecular approaches to optimal biological outcomes.@Current opinion in lipidology, 16(1), 11-18.@Yes$Scaioli, E., Sartini, A., Bellanova, M., Campieri, M., Festi, D., Bazzoli, F., & Belluzzi, A. (2018).@Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces fecal levels of calprotectin and prevents relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis.@Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 16(8), 1268-1275.   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2018.01.036.@Yes$Morgan, D. R., Dixon, L. J., Hanratty, C. G., El-Sherbeeny, N., Hamilton, P. B., Mc Grath, L. T. & McVeigh, G. E. (2006).@Effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with chronic heart failure.@The American journal of cardiology, 97(4), 547-551.@Yes$Uygur, R., Aktas, C., Tulubas, F., Uygur, E., Kanter, M. E. H. M. E. T., Erboga, M., & Ozen, O. A. (2014).@Protective effects of fish omega&#8208;3 fatty acids on doxorubicin&#8208;induced testicular apoptosis and oxidative damage in rats.@Andrologia, 46(8), 917-926.@Yes$Hosseini, B., Nourmohamadi, M., Hajipour, S., Taghizadeh, M., Asemi, Z., Keshavarz, S. A., & Jafarnejad, S. (2019).@The effect of omega-3 fatty acids, EPA, and/or DHA on male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.@Journal of dietary supplements, 16(2), 245-256.@Yes$Wathes, D. C., Abayasekara, D. R. E., & Aitken, R. J. (2007).@Polyunsaturated fatty acids in male and female reproduction.@Biology of reproduction, 77(2), 190-201.@Yes$Saravana K.A., Bhagya D. K., Devi Vara Prasad M., Grace Mary P., Sujeeth   K,S.,   Swathi M. (2011).@Evaluation of the Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids against Methotrexate Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Albino Mice.@International Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2(2), 48-52.@No$Bansal A.K., Bilaspuri G.S. (2009).@Impacts of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants on Semen Functions.@Animal Science Papers and Reports, 27(1), 5-14.@No$National Research Coincil (NRC) (1995).@Nutrient Requirements of laboratory Animals fourth revised edition.@Washington, D.C., National Academy press.@Yes$Hafez, E. S. E. 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(2005).@Stallion spermatozoa membrane phospholipid dynamics following dietary n-3 supplementation.@Animal reproduction science, 89(1-4), 234-237.@Yes$Lin, D. S., Neuringer, M., & Connor, W. E. (2004).@Selective changes of docosahexaenoic acid-containing phospholipid molecular species in monkey testis during puberty.@Journal of lipid research, 45(3), 529-535.@Yes$Elelaimy, I. A., Elfiky, S. A., Hassan, A. M., Ibrahim, H. M., & Elsayad, R. I. (2012).@Genotoxicity of anticancer drug azathioprine (Imuran): role of omega-3 (&#969;-3) oil as protective agent.@Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2(4), 14-23.@Yes$Yeste, M., Barrera, X., Coll, D., & Bonet, S. (2011).@The effects on boar sperm quality of dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differ among porcine breeds.@Theriogenology, 76(1), 184-196.@Yes$Zararsiz, I., Kus, I., Davarci, M., Kus, M. A., Kaman, D., & Sarsilmaz, M. 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(2015).@Oral antioxidant treatment partly improves integrity of human sperm DNA in infertile grade I varicocele patients.@Human Fertility, 18(3), 225-229.@Yes$Bestas, A., Bayar, M. K., Akpolat, N., & Okuducu, M. N. (2006).@Effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on the severity of renal histopathologic changes in rabbits pretreated with gentamicin: A controlled, investigator-blinded, experimental study.@Current therapeutic research, 67(6), 386-395.@Yes$Rezk, R. G., Abou Zaid, N. M., & Ahmed, A. G. (2011).@Role of Omega 3 fatty acids on radiation-induced oxidative and structural damage in different tissues of male albino rats.@Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, 4(3A), 761-776.@Yes$Safarinejad, M. R., Hosseini, S. Y., Dadkhah, F., & Asgari, M. A. (2010).@Relationship of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with semen characteristics, and anti-oxidant status of seminal plasma: a comparison between fertile and infertile men.@Clinical nutrition, 29(1), 100-105.@Yes$Ahmed A. and Hoda M. N. (2009).@Evaluation of productive Effect of omega-3 and selenium on paraquat intoxicated rats.@Slovak J. Anim. Sci., 42, (4), 180-187.@No$Mart&iacute;nez-Soto, J. C., Domingo, J. C., Cordobilla, B., Nicol&aacute;s, M., Fern&aacute;ndez, L., Albero, P., & Landeras, J. (2016).@Dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) improves seminal antioxidant status and decreases sperm DNA fragmentation.@Systems biology in reproductive medicine, 62(6), 387-395.@Yes$Tabei S. M. B., Fakher S., Djalali, M., Javanbakht  M. H., Zarei  M., Derakhshanian  H., Sadeghi  M. R., Mostafavi  E. and Kargar  F. (2015).@Effect of vitamins A, E, C and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on the level of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Bratisl.@Lek. Listy., 116(2), 115-118 .@Yes$Meydan S., Altas M., Nacar A., Ozturk O.H., Tas U.,  Zararsiz I., Sarsilmaz M. (2012).@The protective effects of omega-3 fatty acid against toluene-induced neurotoxicity in prefrontal cortex of rats.@Human Exp. Toxicol., 31(11), 1179-1185.@Yes$Birsen O., Erdemir F., Parlaktas B.S. and Oezyurt H. (2008)@Effects of omega-3 lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in MK-801 induced schizophrenic rat testis.@Turkish J of Med Science, 38(4), 301-306.@Yes$Castellano, C. A., Audet, I., Laforest, J. P., Matte, J. J., & Suh, M. (2011).@Fish oil diets alter the phospholipid balance, fatty acid composition, and steroid hormone concentrations in testes of adult pigs.@Theriogenology, 76(6), 1134-1145.@Yes$Suh M., Merrells K. J., Dick A. and Taylor C.G. 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@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Changes in respiratory metabolism uncovered by mercuric chloride in freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus<#LINE#>B.S. @Kamble,J.M. @Patwari,R.K. @Narkhede <#LINE#>8-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJAVFS-2019-009.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Zoology, Maharashtra Udayagiri Mahavidyalaya, Udgir, Maharashtra, India@Dept. of Environmental Science, Maharashtra Udayagiri Mahavidyalaya, Udgir, Maharashtra, India@Dept. of Environmental Science, Maharashtra Udayagiri Mahavidyalaya, Udgir, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>15/8/2019<#LINE#>25/3/2020<#LINE#>In this recent work we present the knowledge and adverse effects of man-made activities such as industrial development throughout the world. Industrial waste contains amount of heavy metals mix-up with the nearby water bodies and damage to tissue of fishes and finally causing death. Respiration is an important physiological body activity for each and every animals. Similar weighted catfishes Clarias batrachus were chosen for the study of respiration. They were found in the muddy fields of water which have barbles. The selected fishes were experimented with lethal concentration in the laboratory for two days. The concentration of mercuric chloride was imparted at 1.2ppm for 96 hours. Winkler&apos;s method was used to measure the respiratory mechanism. In this investigation it was found that the gradual descending trend of oxygen consumption when exposed to Mercuric Chloride for 96 hrs.<#LINE#>Saroja K. (1959).@Oxygen Consumption in relation to body size and temperature in the earthworm, Megascolexmaratil when kept submerged under water.@proc. Indian, Acad. of Sci., 49, 183-193.@Yes$Welsh J. H. and R.I. Smith (1959).@The laboratory exercise in invertebrate physiology.@Minneapolis, Burgess, Publication Company.@Yes$Landis, M. S., Vette, A. F., & Keeler, G. J. (2002).@Atmospheric mercury in the Lake Michigan basin: influence of the Chicago/Gary urban area.@Environmental Science & Technology, 36(21), 4508-4517.@Yes$Agarwal T.R., Singh K.N. and Gupta A.K. (2000).@Impact of sewage contains domestic waste and heavy metal on the chemistry of Varun river water.@Polln. Res., 19(3), 491-494.@Yes$Malla Reddy P. (1988).@Effect of frencalerate and cypermethrin on the oxygen consumption of fish.@Cyprinuscarpio J. Mendel., 209-211.@No$Delgado, E.H.B., Streck, E.L., Quevedo, J.L., Dal-Pizzal, F. (2006).@Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction and oxidative stress after chronic melathion exposure.@Neurochem. Res., 31, 1021-1025.@No$Vutukuru, S. S. (2005).@Acute effects of hexavalent chromium on survival, oxygen consumption, hematological parameters and some biochemical profiles of the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita.@International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2(3), 456-462.@Yes$Rao, K. S., & Balaji, M. (1991).@Effect of Copper on Oxygen Consumption on the Marine Fouling Dreissenid Bivalve Mytilopsis sallei Recluz.@Indian J. Comp. Anim. Physiol, 9(1), 19-22.@Yes$Natarajan, G. M. (1981).@Changes in the biomodal gas exchange and some blood parameters in the air-breathing fish, Channa striatus (Bleeker) following lethal (Lc 50/48 hrs.) exposure to metasystoc (Demeton).@Current Science.@Yes$Ali S.M. (1982).@Effect of pesticide on freshwater fishes.@Ph.D. Thesis submitted to Marathwada University Aurangabad, India.@No$Verma, S.R. and Dale, R.C. (1975).@Studies on pollution of Kalinadi by industrial wastes near Mansurpur. Part 2 biological index of pollution and biological characteristic of the river.@Acta Hydrabiol., 3(25), 259-274.@No$Newell, R. C. (1973).@Factors affecting the respiration of intertidal invertebrates.@American zoologist, 13(2), 513-528.@Yes$Chinnayya, B. (1971).@Effect of heavy metals on the oxygen consumption by the shrimp, Caridina rajadhari Bouvier.@Indian journal of experimental biology, 9(2), 277.@Yes$Nagbhushnam, R.A. and D. Diwan (1972).@Effect of toxic substance on oxygen consumption of the fresh water crab, Barytelphusacunicularis.@Nat. SCI. J., 11, 127-129.@No$Nagbhushnam R., Nagabhushanam, R., & Kulkarni, G. K. (1981).@Freshwater Palaemonid Prawn, Macrobrachium Kisfnensis (Tiwari)-E&#64257;iect of Heavy Metal Pollutants.@Proc. Indian narn. Sci. Acad., B47 No, 3, 380-386.@Yes
@Short Review Paper
<#LINE#>The Poultry Mite: Dermanyssus gallinae. - A Review<#LINE#>Kiran Lata @Damle,Seema @Gupta <#LINE#>12-16<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJAVFS-2019-008.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Zoology, Govt. Digvijay Autonomous PG College Rajnandgaon, CG, India@Dept. of Zoology, Govt. Nagarjun Science College, Raipur, CG affiliated to Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, India<#LINE#>15/8/2019<#LINE#>16/2/2020<#LINE#>Dermanyssus gallinae is an ectoparasite of poultry commonly known as red mite or chicken mite, is a vector and spread several major pathogenic diseases in fowl. It includes several species in wild birds and mammals and even in humans. It resembles the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum in size and appearance. They normally take their meal by feeding on the breast around and legs of the fowl, at night as they are obligate blood feeders, that causes irritation, pain, feather loss, anemia resulting in decrease in egg production. The life cycle includes four basic stages egg, larvae, nymph and adult, that can be from a week to month depending on the factors like temperature and humidity, resulting in rapid increase of the population. To protect the flock and to increase in production of eggs of hens, preventing measures are required to be taken. preventing measure infestation in fowl house, by regular washing and cleaning and keeping warm can be performed periodically and the walls and floor can be treated with silica dust or carbolineum before introducing new hens in the house<#LINE#>Colloff, M.J. (1998).@Taxonomy and identification of dust mites.@Allergy, 53, 7-12.@Yes$Kern (1921).@Dust sensitization in bronchial asthma.@Med. Clin. N. America., 5, 751-758.@Yes$Maurya, K., Jamil, Z. and Dev, B. (1983).@Prevelance of Astigmatid mites (Acarina) in the domestic environment of North eastern and Northern India.@Biol. Mem , 2, 207-215.@Yes$Jogdand, S.B. (1996).@Extramural mites found in intramural ecosystem.@Res. J. Pl. Environment., 12, 81- 84.@Yes$Ruff, M. (1999).@Important parasites in poultry production systems.@Veterinary Parasitology., 84, 337-347.@Yes$Walter, D.E. & Proctor, H.C. (1999).@Mites, ecology, evolution and behaviour.@CAB International, Wallingford., 322.@Yes$Evans, G.O. (1992).@Principles of Acarology.@CAB International, Wallingford., 563.@Yes$Van, Der. Hammen. L. (1972).@A revised classification of the mites (Arachnida, Acarida) with diagnosis, a key, and notes on phylogeny.@Zool Meded Leiden., 47(22), 273-292.@Yes$Krantz, G.W. (1978).@Manual of acarology.@2nd edn. Oregon State University Book stores., 509.@Yes$Kethley, J. (1990).@Acarina: Prostigmata (Actinedida).@In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide, Wiley, New York., 667-756.@Yes$Connor, M.O. (1984).@Mites (Acari).@Medical and Veterinary Entomology (Third Edition) 2019., 26, 533-602.@Yes$De Geer (1778).@Dermanyssus gallinae.@Norw. J. Entomol., 52, 117-125.@No$Sparagano, O., George, D., Harrington. D. and Giangaspero, A. (2014).@Significance and control of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae.@Annual Review of Entomology, 59, 447-466.@Yes$Proctor, H. & Owens, I. (2000).@Mites and birds: Diversity, parasitism and coevolution@Trends in Ecology and Evolution., 15, 358-364.@Yes$Roberts, V. (2013).@Diseases of farmyard poultry part 4 - External and internal parasites of chickens.@National Animal Disease Information, Service. http://www.nadis.org.uk/bulletins/diseases-of-farmyard-poultry/part-4-external-and-internal-parasites-of-chickens.aspx. Retrieved July 15, 2014.@Yes$Baker, A.S. (1999).@Mites and ticks of domestic animals. An identification guide and information source.@The Stationery Office, The Natural and History Museum, London., 240.@Yes$Lyle-J-Buss (2019).@Clover Mite Bryobia Practiosa Koch1 - Adult-Balaustrium-Mite.@Scientific Figure on Research Gate. University-of-Florida-fig, 2-238674334.@No$Hutcheson, J.H. & Oliver, H.J. (1988).@Spermiogenesis and Reptoductive Biology of Dermanyssus Gallinae (DeGeer) (Parasitiformes: Dermanyssidae).@Journal of Medical Entomology, 25(5), 321-330.@Yes$Maurer, V. and Baumgarther, J. (1992).@Temperature influence on life table statistics of the chicken mite Dermanyssus Gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae).@Exp Appl Acarol., 1, 27-40.@Yes$Nordenfors, H., H&ouml;glund, J. &  Uggla, A. (1999). Effects of Temperature and Humidity on Oviposition, Molting, and Longevity of Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae).@Journal of Medical Entomology., 36(1), 68-72.@undefined@Yes$Axtell, R. (1999).@Poultry integrated pest management: Status and future.@Integrated Pest Management Reviews, 4, 53-73.@Yes$Tucci, E. C., Prado, A. P., & Ara&uacute;jo, R. P. (2008). Development of Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae) at different temperatures. Veterinary parasitology, 155(1-2), 127-132.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Chauve, C. (1998).@The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae.@Veterinary Parasitology, 73, 239-245.@Yes$De Geer. (1778).@Current situation and future prospects for control.@Veterinary Parasitology, 73, 239-245.@No$Sparagano, O., George, D., Harrington, D. and Giangaspero, A. (2014).@Significance and control of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae.@Annual Review of Entomology., 59, 447-466.@Yes$Entrekin, D. L. and Oliver, J. H. (1982).@Aggregation of the Chicken Mite, Dermanyssus Gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae).@Journal of Medical Entomology, 19(6), 671-678. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/19.6.671.@Yes$George, D., Smith, T., Shiel, R., Sparagano, O. and Guy, J. (2009).@Mode of action and variability in efficacy of plant essential oils showing toxicity against the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae.@Veterinary Parasitology, 161, 276-282.@Yes$Hoy, M.A. (2011).@Agricultural acarology: Introduction to integrated mite management.@CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL., 325-327.@Yes$Moro, C. V., Chauve, C. and Zenner, L. (2005).@Vectorial role of some Dermanyssoid mites (Acari, Mesostigmata, Dermanyssoidea).@Parasite., 12, 99-109.@Yes$Abd El-Halim, A.S., Allam, K.A., Metwally, A.M. & AL Boraey, A.M. (2009).@Seasonal variation of infestation rate with lice, tick and mite among rodents in certain Egyptian regions.@Journal of the Egypt Society of Parasitology, 39, 617-624.@Yes$Mul, M., Niekerk, V., Chirico, J., Maurer, V., Kilpinen, O., Sparagano, O., Thind, B., Zoons, J., Moore, D., Bell, B., Gjevre, A. and Chauve, C. (2009).@Control methods for Dermanyssus gallinae in systems for laying hens: Results of an international seminar.@World@Yes$Maurer, V., Mul, M., Niekerk, V., Chirico, J., Kilpinen, O., Sparagano, O., Thind, B., Zoons, J., Moore, D., Bell, B., Gjevre, A. and Chauve, C. (2009).@Control methods for Dermanyssus gallinae in systems for laying hens: Results of an international seminar.@World@Yes$Kilpinen, O., Mul, M., Niekerk, V., Chirico, J., Maurer, V., Sparagano O., Thind B., Zoons J., Moore D., Bell B., Gjevre A. and Chauve, C. (2009).@Control methods for Dermanyssus gallinae in systems for laying hens: Results of an international seminar.@World@Yes$Lacasse, Y., Selman, M., Costabel, U., Dalphin, J.C., Morell, F., Erkinjnutti&#8208;Pekkanen, R. (2009).@Classification of hypersensitivity pneumonitis - An hypothesis.@Int Arch Allergy Immunol., 149, 161-166.@Yes$Arkle, S., Carlos, J., Harrington, D., George, R.D., Jonathan, H. (2008).@The Poultry Red Mite Dermanyssus gallinae as a Potential Carrier of Vector&#8208;borne Diseases.@https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.,1428.085.@No$Nordenfors, H. & Hoglund, J. (1999).@Effects of Temperature and Humidity on Oviposition, Molting, and Longevity of Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae).@Journal of Medical Entomology, 36(1), 68.@Yes$Chirico, J. & Tauson, D. (2002).@Traps containing acaricides for the control of Dermanyssus gallinae.@Vet Parasitol, 110(1-2), 109-116. doi: 10.1016/S0304-4017(02) 00310-2.@Yes$Bellanger, A.P., Bories, C., Foulet, F., Bretagne, S. and Botterel, F. (2008).@Nosocomial dermatitis caused by Dermanyssus gallinae.@Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol., 29(3), 282-283.@Yes$Moh, Abdigoudarzi., Moh, Mirafzali, S. and Hamid, B. (2014).@Human Infestation with Dermanyssus gallinae  (Acari: Dermanyssidae) in a Family Referred with Pruritus and Skin Lesions.@J Arthropod Borne Dis., 8(1), 119-123.@Yes$Beugnet, F., Chauve, C., Gauthey, M., Beert, L. (1997).@Resistance of the red poultry mite to pyrethroids in France.@Vet Rec., 140, 577-9.@Yes