@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Fish Biodiversity of Tunga, Bhadra and Tungabhadra Rivers of Karnataka, India<#LINE#>Gangadhara @Gowda,Naik M.@Ganapathi ,V. Rai,@Sushanth ,Nayak@Harsha ,Sruthisree @C. <#LINE#>1-16<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJAVFS-2015-027.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Mangalore-575002, INDIA@Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, College of Fisheries, Mangalore-575002, INDIA@Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Mangalore-575002, INDIA@Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Mangalore-575002, INDIA@Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Mangalore-575002, INDIA<#LINE#>17/11/2015<#LINE#>18/12/2015<#LINE#>The fish samples were collected from selected stations along the stretch of Tungabhadra river. The multimetric index of biotic integrity (IBI) method was used to integrate the data from individual, population assemblage and ecosystem levels are transformed into a single numerical indicator and quality rating for water. A total of 34, 42 and 48 fish species have been recorded in Tunga, Bhadra and Tungabhadra rivers, respectively. The species belong to the order Cypriniforms was found to be most dominant followed by the order Siluriformes, Perciformes, Osteoglossiformes, Synbranchiformes, Beloniformes and Cyprinodontiformes. The non-native species are generally more successful where native species are depleted in anthropogenically altered water systems. The findings from the study will benefit the planning and management of sustainable fisheries and conservation of natural resources at national level.<#LINE#>Kar D.@Fishes of Barak drainage, Mizoram and Tripura. In: Environment, Pollution and Management (Eds. A. Kumar, C. Bohra and L. K. Singh)@APH publishing corporation, New Delhi (2003)@Yes$Kumar B., Murugan A. S. and Chaudhary B. N.@Seasonal variation of physico-chemical properties of Kamala basin of Darbhanga district@Bihar, Int. J. Adv. Biol. Res., 1(1), 123-125 (2011)@No$Fausch K. D., Lyons J., Karr J. R. and Angermeier P. L.@Fish communities as indicators of environmental degradation@Am. Fish. Soc. Symp., 8, 123-144 (1990)@Yes$Simon T. P. and Lyons J.@Application of the index of biotic integrity to evaluate water resource integrity in freshwater ecosystems. In: Biological Assessment and Criteria: Tools for Water Resource Planning and Decision Making (Eds. W. S. Davis and T. P. Simon)@Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida (1995)@Yes$Karr J. R.@Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities, Fisheries@6, 21-27 (1981)@Yes$Pielou E. C.@The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collections@J. Theor. Biol., 13, 131-144 (1966)@Yes$Karr J. R., Fausch K. D., Angermeier P. L., Yant P. R. and Schlosser I. J.@Assessing biological integrity in running waters: A method and its rationale, Illinois Natural History Survey@Champaign, Special Publication 5, 28 (1986)@Yes$Moyle P. B. and Leidy R. A.@Loss of biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems: evidence from fish faunas. In: Conservation Biology: The Theory and Practice of Nature Conservation@Preservation and Management (Eds. P. L. Fiedler and S. K. Jain), New York, Chapman and Hall (1992)@Yes$Hashemi S. A., Ghorbani R., Kymaram F., Hossini S. A., Eskandari G. and Hedayati A.@Fish species composition, distribution and abundance in Shadegan Wetland@Fish. Aqua. J., 6(2), 1-8 (2015)@Yes$Harris J. H.@The use of fish in ecological assessments@Aust. J. Ecol., 20, 65-80 (1995)@Yes$Stoddard J. L., Larsen D. P., Hawkins C. P., Johnson R. K. and Norris R. H.@Setting expectations for the ecological condition of streams: the concept of reference condition@Ecol. Appl., 16(4), 1267-1276 (2006)@Yes$Zampella R. A., Bunnell J. F., Laidig K. J. and Procopio N. A.@Using multiple indicators to evaluate the ecological integrity of a coastal plain stream system@Ecol. Indic., 6(4), 644-663 (2006)@Yes$Devi Prasad A. G., Venkataramana G. V. and Thomas M.@Fish diversity and its conservation in major wetlands of Mysore@J. Environ. Biol., 30(5), 713-718 (2009)@Yes$Vijaylaxmi C., Rajshekhar M. and Vijaykumar K.@Freshwater fishes distribution and diversity status of Mullameri river, a minor tributary of Bheema river of Gulbarga district@Karnataka, Int. J. Syst. Biol., 2(2), 1-9 (2010)@Yes$Mishra S. K., Sarkar U. K., Gupta B. K., Trivedi S. P., Dubey V. K. and Pal A.@Pattern of freshwater fish diversity, threats and issues of fisheries management in an unexplored tributary of the Ganges basin, Northern India@J. Ecophysiol. Occup. Hlth., 11, 149-159 (2011)@Yes$Acharjee B. K., Das M., Borah P. and Purkayastha J.@Ichthyofaunal diversity of Dhasiri river@Dimapur, Nagaland, India, Check List, 8(6), 1163-1165 (2012)@No$Sarkar U. K., Pathak A. K., Sinha R. K., Sivakumar K., Pandian A. K., Pandey A., Dubey V. K. and Lakra W. S.@Freshwater fish biodiversity in the river Ganga (India): changing pattern, threats and conservation perspectives@Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 22, 251-272 (2012)@Yes$Bakawale S. and Kanhere R. R.@Study on the fish species diversity of the river Narmada in Western zone@Res. J. Anim. Vet. Fish. Sci., 1(6), 18-20 (2013)@Yes$Shukla P. and Singh A.@Distribution and diversity of freshwater fishes in Aami river@Gorakhpur, India, Adv. Biol. Res., 7(2), 26-31 (2013)@Yes$Sheikh S. R.@Studies on ichthyofaunal diversity of Pranhita river, Sironcha, Dist: Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India@Int. J. Fish. Aquat. Stud. 1(5), 144-147 (2014)@Yes$Vijayasree T. S. and Radhakrishnan M. V.@Fish diversity of Kuttanad river, Kerala state, India@Int. J. Fish. Aquat. Stud., 1(6), 55-58 (2014)@Yes$Laxmappa B., Bakshi R. R. and Narayana D. V. S.@Studies on ichthyofaunal diversity of Krishna river in Mahabubnagar district@Telangana, India, Int. J. Fish.Aquat. Stud., 2(5), 99-104 (2015)@Yes$Mishra K. S.@An aid to the identification of the common commercial fishes of India and Pakistan@Rec. Indian Mus., 57(1-4), 119 (1962)@Yes$Jayaram K. C.@The Freshwater fishes of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma and Sri Lanka: Handbook, Zoological Survey of India@Calcutta, 475 (1981)@Yes$Fischer W. and Bianchi G.@FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51), The Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)@FAO, Rome, Vol. 1-6 (1984)@Yes$Day F.@The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma@Fishes 1: 548 : 2: 509, London, Taylor and Francis (1889)@Yes$Talwar P. K. and Jhingran A. G.@Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries@Vol. No. I & II Inl. Oxford and IBB Publishing Co. Ltd., 1158 (1991)@Yes$Jayaram K. C.@The Catfishes of India@Narendra Publishing House, New Delhi, 383 (2006)@Yes$Fausch K. D., Karr J. R. and Yant P. R.@Regional application of an index of biotic integrity based on stream fish communities@Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 113, 39-55(1984)@Yes$Hughes R. M., Kaufmann P. R., Herlihy A. T., Kincaid T. M., Reynolds L. and Larsen D. P.@A process for developing and evaluating indices of fish assemblages integrity@Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 55(7), 1618-1631 (1998)@Yes$@Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute(CIFRI) report, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Barrackpore, Kolkata@West Bengal (2014-2015)@No$Ganasan V. and Hughes R. M.@Application of an index of biological integrity (IBI) to fish assemblages of the rivers Khan and Kshipra (Madhya Pradesh)@India, Freshwater Biol., 40(2), 367-383 (1998)@Yes$Das M. K.@Application of an index of biotic integrity (IBI) to fish assemblage of the tropical Hooghly estuary@Indian J. Fish., 53(1), 47-57 (2006)@Yes$Noss R. F.@Indicators for monitoring biodiversity: a hierarchical approach@Conserv. Biol., 4, 355-364 (1990)@Yes$Kumar Naik A. S., Kumar J., Mahesh V. and Benakappa S.@Assessment of fish diversity of Tunga river@Karnataka, India, Nat. Sci., 11(2), 82-87 (2013)@Yes$Jayaram K. C.@Zoogeography of Indian freshwater fishes@Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 86B(4), 265-274 (1977)@Yes$Ajit Kumar C. R. and Mittal D. D.@Habitat preference of fishes in wetland in relation to aquatic vegetation and water Chemistry@J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 90, 181-191(1993)@Yes$Thirumala S., Kiran B. R. and Kantaraj G. S.@Fish diversity in relation to physico-chemical characteristics of Bhadra reservoir of Karnataka@India, Adv. Appl. Sci. Res., 2(5), 34-47 (2011)@Yes$Shahnawaz A., Venkateshwarlu M., Somashekar D. S. and Santosh K.@Fish diversity with relation to water quality of Bhadra river of Western ghats (India)@Environ. Monit. Assess., 161, 83-91 (2010)@Yes$Shivashankar P. and Venkataramana G. V.@Ichthyodiversity status with relation to water quality of Bhadra river@Western Ghats, Shimoga district, Karnataka, Ann. Biol. Res., 3(10), 4893-4903 (2012)@Yes$Shahnawaz A. and Venkateshwarlu M.@A check list of fishes from Tunga and Bhadra rivers, Karnataka, India with special note on their biodiversity status@Curr. Biot., 3(2), 232-243 (2009)@Yes$Chaudhary C.@Simulation of spatial distribution of fish species in 200 km stretch of Tungabhadra river on the basis of oxygen variability@J. Ecosys. Ecograph., 4(2), 1-8 (2014)@Yes$Bhat S. S. and Hegde A. K. K.@A note on fresh water fish diversity in major tributaries of river Bedti of Western ghats region of Karnataka@India, Res. J. Anim. Vet. Fish. Sci., 2(8), 5-10 (2014)@No$Bhat A.@Diversity and composition of freshwater fishes in river systems of Central Western ghats@India, Environ. Biol. Fish., 68, 25-38 (2003)@Yes$Kumar Naik A. S., Kumar J., Mahesh V., Anjaneyappa H. N., Benakappa S., Somashekara S. R., Rajanna K. B. and Hulkoti S. H.@Status of fish diversity of Varada river, Karnataka@India, Environ. Ecol., 31(2A), 786-792(2013)@Yes
<#LINE#>Phytoplankton Diversity in Transitional season in the Inner of Ambon Bay, Maluku province, Indonesia<#LINE#>Hardian Murtiono@Lutfi ,Anggoro@Sutrisno ,Sasongko@Dwi P  <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJAVFS-2015-030.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Environmental Science, Diponegoro University, Jl. Imam Bardjo SH, Semarang, Central Java, 50241, INDONESIA@Dept. of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Semarang, Central Java, 50275, INDONESIA@Dept. of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Semarang, Central Java, 50275, INDONESIA<#LINE#>25/11/2015<#LINE#>15/12/2015<#LINE#>Research on the community structure of phytoplankton in transitional seasons have been conducted in the Inner of Ambon Bay in Maluku province, Indonesia. Forty-nine species of phytoplankton are identified with the group of diatoms Bacillariophyceae dominated the plankton community. The species which dominated are Chaetoceros sp., Trichodesmium sp., Rhizosolenia sp., Ceratium sp., Nitzschia sp. and Navicula sp. The abundance of phytoplankton is range between 2.335 cells L-1 – 37.252 cells L-1.<#LINE#>Dhamak R.M., Tilekar B.B., Ghadage M.K., Theurkar S.V and Patil S.B.@Phytoplanktons Variation with Respect to Ichthyofaunal Studies of Bhandardara Dam, MS, India, Research Journal of Animal@Veterinary and Fishery Sciences, 1(2), 7–8 (2013)@Yes$Klemencic A.K., Vrhovsek D. and Smolar-Zvanut N.@Microplanktonic and Microbenthic Algal Assemblages in the Coastal Brackish Lake Fiesa and the Dragonja Estuary (Slovenia)@Nature Croatia, 16(1), 63–78 (2007)@Yes$Primakov I.M. and Nikolaenko P.@Plankton Communities in the Neva Bay during the 20th Century@Ambio, 30(4-5), 292–296 (2001)@Yes$Boyd C.E.@Codes of Practice for Responsible Shrimps Farming, Global Aquaculture Alliance@36 (2009)@Yes$Tubalawony S., Tuahattu J.W. and Wattimena S.M.@Physical Characteristics of Water Surface Mass at Ambon Bay Waters in July@Ichthyos, 8(1), 35–41 (2008) (in Indonesian)@No$Bengen D.G., Ecosystems@Marine and Coastal Resources and Management of Integrated and Sustainable. in Prosiding Pelatihan Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Terpadu, 29 Oktober-3 November 2001 (Bengen, D. G.) Pusat Kajian Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan. Institut Pertanian Bogor@Bogor, 28–55 (2001) (in Indonesian)@No$Pello F.S., Adiwilaga E.M., Huliselan N.V and Damar A.@The Effect of Season Against Nutrient Loads into the Inner Bay of Ambon, Jurnal Bumi Lestari@14(1), 63–73(2014) (in Indonesian)@No$Mulyadi H.A. and Sulistyo I.@The Distribution and Density of Plankton in the Waters of the Bay of Ambon@Omni-Akuatika, XI(14), 28–40 (2012) (in Indonesian)@No$Erlania E., Radiarta I.N. and Rasidi R.@Phytoplankton as Biological Indexes for Indicator of Water Conditions on Location Mariculture in the Inner Bay of Ambon, Maluku Province, in Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakultur 2014, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perikanan Budidaya@447–455 (2014) (in Indonesian)@No$APHA@Standard Methods for The Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Water Works Association (AWWA)/American Public Works Association/Water Environment Federation@1368 (2005)@Yes$Yamaji I. E.@Illustration of The Marine Plankton of Japan, Hoikusha Publishing Co.@369 (1979)@Yes$Jomes C.@Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. Academic Press Harcourt Brace and Company@(1997)@Yes$Odum E.P.@Fundamental Ecology. W B Saunders Co, Philadelphia and Troppan CoLtd@574 (1971)@No$Padang A.@Composition and Density of Benthic Diatoms in the Inner Bay of Ambon@Bimafika 2, 97–104 (2010)(in Indonesian)@Yes$Wagey G.A.@Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton in Ambon Bay Indonesia@185 (2002)@Yes$Rahman A. and Mujiyanto M.@Phytoplankton Communities in the National Park of Karimunjawa, Jepara, Central Java, Widyariset@16(3), 395–402 (2013) (in Indonesian)@Yes$Mohan R.V, Padmavathy S. and Sivakumar S.@Water Quality Parameters and It Influences in the Ennore Estuary and Near Coastal Environment with Respect to Industrial and Domestic Sewage@International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 2(7), 20–25 (2013)@Yes
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Common Ectoparasites of Ostrich (Struthiocamelus) and their Control-A Review<#LINE#>Mohammed @B.R.,Malang @S.K. <#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJAVFS-2015-023.pdf<#LINE#>School of Science, Engineering and Technology (SET), Abertay University, Dundee, DD1 1HG, UNITED KINGDOM@Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, NIGERIA<#LINE#>3/11/2015<#LINE#>20/11/2015<#LINE#>Parasitic diseases generally constitute major impediments on husbandry, productivity and welfare of poultry. Extensive studies have been conducted on the endoparasites of ostrich, limiting their production through retardation in growth, poor health conditions, reduced egg production, lowered and overall sustainability. However, little is known about the common ectoparasites of ostrich and their control strategies. This paper aims to review theectoparasites of ostrich, where known, their involvement in disease transmission and control measures. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of these ectoparasites were also discussed. The common ectoparasites of ostrich include; ticks (Amblyomma spp, Hyalomma spp, Rhipicephalus spp, Haemaphysalis and Argus), mosquitoes (Aedes spp and Culex), flies (Struthiobosca spp and Pseudolynchia canariensis), mites (Pterolichus spp) and Lice (Struthiolipeurus spp). Control measures include; use of insecticides, pesticides and other alternative biological control methods. We conclude that a number of ectoparasites are found in ostriches and significant advances in their control are most likely to come through an integrated approach adopting recent research into existing and novel control strategies; this is being combined with improved monitoring and modeling to better inform treatment intervention. This study has provided base line data for future studies on alternative control of ectoparasites. This has implication on the increase in protein production for human consumption and zoonosis.<#LINE#>Ibrahim U. I., Mbaya A. W., Geidam Y. A. and Geidam A. M.@Endoparasites and associated worm burden of captive and free-living ostriches (Struthio camelus) in the semi-arid region of North eastern Nigeria@International Journal of Poultry Science, 5(12), 1128-1132 (2006)@Yes$Ahmed F.M., Salih R.M. and Mohamed A.S.@Some Behavioral Traits of Red Neck Ostrich under Captive Conditions@Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research, 2(3), 249-252 (2012)@Yes$Khalil M.H.@Studies on Improving Ostrich Egg Hatchability and its Relation with Some Factors Affecting Embryonic Development During Artificial Incubation. Al-Azhar University, Egypt@(Doctoral dissertation) (2012)@Yes$Po&#322;awska E., Cooper R.G., Jó&#378;wik A. and Pomianowski J.@Meat from alternative species–nutritive and dietetic value, and its benefit for human health–A review@CyTAJournal of Food, 11(1), 37-42 (2013)@Yes$Medina F.X. and Aguilar A.@Ostrich meat: nutritional, breeding, and consumption aspects, The Case of Spain@Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2(6), 301-305(2014)@Yes$Abdulmawjood A., Grabowski N., Fohler S., Kittler S., Nagengast H. and Klein G.@Development of loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid and sensitive identification of ostrich meat@PLoS One, 9(6), e100717 (2014)@Yes$Pittaway T. and van Niekerk P.@Horizon-scanning the ostrich industry with bibliometric indicators, African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics Volume@10(1), 64-71 (2015)@Yes$Nemejc K. and Lukesova D.@Parasite fauna of ostriches, emus and rheas@Agricul TropSubtrop, 45(1), 45-50(2012)@Yes$Bang-asan P.E. and Acorda J.A.@Ultrasonography Features of the Kidneys in Apparently Healthy Ostriches (Struthio camelus) Raised in Captivity@Philippine Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 39(2), (2013)@Yes$Sabuni Z.A., Mbuthia P.G., Maingi N., Nyaga P.N., Njagi L.W., Bebora L.C. and Michieka J.N.@Prevalence of ectoparasites infestation in indigenous free-ranging village chickens in different agro-ecological zones in Kenya@Livestock Research for Rural Development, 22(11), (2010)@Yes$Engelbrecht A. and Cloete S.W.P.@Preliminary investigations into the effect of ostrich feather lice (Struthiolipeurus struthionis) on production and leather quality@Animal production science, 52(5), 347-353(2012)@Yes$Agarwal D.P. and Gupta A.R.@Management of ectoparasites of livestock (Doctoral dissertation, MSc. Thesis@102-300 (2010)@No$Adang K.L., Ayuba J. and Yoriyo K.P.@Ectoparasites of Sheep (Ovis ariesL.) and Goats (Capra hirus L.) in Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria@Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 18(5), 224 (2015)@Yes$Hamstra T.L. and Badyaev A.V.@Comprehensive investigation of ectoparasite community and abundance across life history stages of avian host@Journal of Zoology, 81, 1–9 (2009)@Yes$Omudu E.A., Iorlaha G.T. and Adelusi S.@Medically Important Arthropods Infesting Some Exotic Birds and Mammals in the Makurdi Zoological Garden in Benue State, Nigeria, Scientific Journal of King Faisal University (Basic and Applied Sciences)@12(1), 1432(2011)@Yes$Ali A.N., Suzan D., Al-azizz A.A. and Afrah A.@Detection of Ectoparasites Between Domesticated Animals in Basrah City/ Southern Iraq, Journal of International Academic Research for Multidisciplinary@2(7), 2320-5083 (2014)@Yes$Kummrow M.S.@Ratites or Struthioniformes:Struthiones, Rheae, Cassuarii, Apteryges (Ostriches, Rheas, Emus, Cassowaries, and Kiwis), and Tinamiformes (Tinamous)@Fowler@Yes$Wall R.@Ectoparasites: future challenges in a changing world@Veterinary parasitology, 148(1), 62-74 (2007)@Yes$Ahmed W.M., Habeeb S.M., El Moghazy F.M. and Hanafi E.M.@Observation on pediculosis in buffalo-cows with emphasis on its impact on ovarian activity and control by herbal remedies@World Applied Sciences Journal, 6(8), 1128-1138 (2009)@Yes$Changbunjong T., Buddhirongawatr R., Suwanpakdee S., Siengsanan J., Yongyuttawichai P., Cheewajorn K. and Ratanakorn P.@A survey of ectoparasitic arthropods on domestic animals in Tak Province, Thailand@Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 40(3), 435 (2009)@Yes$Ederli N.B. and Oliveira F.C.R.D.@Comparative morphology of the species of Libyostrongylus and Codiostomum, parasites from ostriches, Struthio camelus, with a identification key to the species, Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária@23(3), 291-300 (2014)@Yes$Davies M.@Isolation and characterisation of bacteria associated with flying insects in hospitals, with particular emphasis on Clostridum difficile (Doctoral dissertation, Aston University)@(2015)@Yes$Mostafavi E., Chinikar S., Moradi M., Bayat N., Meshkat M., Fard M.K. and Ghiasi S.M.@A case report of crimean congo hemorrhagic Fever in ostriches in iran@The open virology journal, 7, 81(2013)@Yes$Pesenti T.C., Gallina T., Langone P.Q., Silva M.A.M.P., Suárez A.G.R., Silva D.S. and Müller G.@Nematode infection in Struthio camelus (Linnaeus, 1758)(ostrich) in Southern Brazil@Science and Animal Health, 3(1), 103-112 (2015)@Yes$Bala A.Y., Anka S.A., Waziri A. and Shehu H.@Preliminary survey of ectoparasites infesting chickens (Gallusdomesticus) in four areas of Sokoto Metropolis@Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 19(2),(2011)@Yes$Aboagye I.F., Korang E., Offeh A. and Davis H.E.@Assessment of ectoparasitic infestation in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the Sunyani west district, Ghana@Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana), 34(3), 11-17 (2014)@Yes$Desoky A.S.S, Abdel-Gwad K.H., Maher Ali A. and Nafady A.A.@Comparison between spraying and washing method of reduction ratios on animal ectoparasites by using Diazinon 60% EC under field conditions in farm animals@African Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology (AJAST), 3(6), 294-298 (2015)@Yes$Deeming D.C.@The Ostrich - Biology, Production and Health. 1st edition, CABI Publishing, London@358 (1999)@No$Mathison B.A. and Pritt B.S.@Laboratory identification of arthropod ectoparasites, Clinical microbiology reviews@27(1), 48-67 (2014)@Yes$Adelusi S. M., Vajime C. G., Omudu E. A., Okpotu R. O. and Onazi F. O.@Avian Ectoparasitism in Makurdi, Nigeria, Do Wild Birds Serve as Reservoir for Domestic Birds?, Veterinary Parasitology@84, 337–347 (1999)@Yes$Cabezas-Cruz A and Valdés J.J.@Are ticks venomous animals?, Frontiers in Zoology@11, 47 (2014)@Yes$Sychra O., Literák I., Podzemný P., Harmat P. and Hrabák R.@Insect ectoparasites on wild birds in the Czech Republic during the pre-breeding period, Parasite: journal de la Société Française de Parasitologie@18(1),13 (2011)@Yes$Cooper R.G.@Bacterial, Fungal and Parasitic Infections in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus), Animal Science Journal, 76, 97-106 (2005)@undefined@Yes$Van Nieker D. J., Fourie L.J. and Horak I.G.@Birds as hosts of immature ixodid ticks in Free State Province, South Africa, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research@73(2), 123 (2006)@Yes$James M.C., Bowman A.S., Forbes K.J., Lewis F., McLeod J. E. and Gilbert L.@Environmental determinants of Ixodes ricinus ticks and the incidence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of Lyme borreliosis, in Scotland@Parasitology, 140(02), 237-246 (2013)@Yes$Shanawany M.M.@Ostrich Production Systems, Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)@Animal Production and Health Paper (1999)@No$Gashaw B.A. and Mersha C.K.@Pathology of Tick Bite Lesions in Naturally Infested Skin and Hides of Ruminants: A Review, Acta Parasitologica Globalis@4(2), 59-63 (2013)@Yes$Tully T.N and Shane S.M.@Husbandry practices as related to infectious and parasitic diseases of farmed ratites@Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz., 15(1), 73-89 (1996)@Yes$Ndhlovu D.N. and Masika P.J.@Risk factors associated with clinical dermatophilosis in smallholder sector cattle herds of Zimbabwe at the Amblyomma variegatum and Amblyomma hebraeum interface@Tropical animal health and production, 47(2), 353-360 (2015)@Yes$Sekeyová Z., Mediannikov O., Roux V., Subramanian G., Špitalská E., Kristofík J. and Raoult D.@Identification of Rickettsia africae and Wolbachia sp. in Ceratophyllus garei Fleas from Passerine Birds Migrated from Africa@Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 12(7), 539-543 (2012)@Yes$Kemp A., Msimang V., Weyer J. and Paweska J.T.@Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever and tick bite fever in South Africa, 2012-2014, National Institute for Communicable Diseases@Infectious Diseases Bulletin, 12(3), 59-62 (2014)@Yes$Mertins J.W. and Schlater J.L.@Exotic ectoparasites of ostriches recently imported into the United States. Journal of Wildlife Diseases@27(1), 180-182(1991)@Yes$Zivcec M., Safronetz D. and Feldmann H.@Animal Models of Tick-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses@Pathogens, 2(2), 402-421 (2013)@Yes$Mathison B.A., Gerth W.J., Pritt B.S. and Baugh S.@Introduction of the exotic tick Hyalomma truncatum on a human with travel to Ethiopia: A case report, Ticks and tick-borne diseases@6(2), 152-154 (2015)@Yes$Demoncheaux J.P., Socolovschi C., Davoust B., Haddad S., Raoult D. and Parola P.@First detection of Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma dromedarii ticks from Tunisia, Ticks and tick-borne diseases@3(5), 398-402(2012)@Yes$Tavassoli M., Sabeghi, Z.R., Ghorbanzadeh B., Shamsi S., Arjmand J. and Golabi M.@The underwater survival of adult and larval stages of Argas persicus (Acari:Argasidae)@Persian Journal of Acarology, 4(2) (2015)@Yes$Brites-Neto J., Duarte K.M.R. and Martins T.F.@Tickborne infections in human and animal population worldwide, Veterinary World@8(3), 301-315 (2015)@Yes$Ruff M.D.@Important parasites in poultry production systems, Veterinary parasitology@84(3), 337-347 (1999)@Yes$Mushi E.Z., Binta M.G., Chabo R.G., Isa J.F.W. and Phuti M.S.@Limb Deformities of Farmed Ostrich (Struthio camelus) Chicks in Botswana, Tropical Animal Health and Production@31, 397-404 (1999)@Yes$Lawson B., Lachish S, Colvile KM, Durrant C, Kirsi M, Peck Mike P., Toms P., Sheldon B.C. and Cunningham C.A.A.@Emergence of a novel avian pox disease in British tit species@Tit Species, PLoS ONE, 7(11): e40176. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040176, (2012)@Yes$Godoy L. A., Dalbeck L. S., Tell L. A., Woods L. W., Colwell R. R., Robinson B., ...and Ernest H. B.@Characterization of Avian Poxvirus in Anna@Journal of wildlife diseases, 49(4), 978-985 (2013)@Yes$van Riper C. and Forrester D.J.@Avian pox, Infectious diseases of wild birds@131-176 (2007)@Yes$Dick C.W. and Patterson B.D.@Bat flies: obligate ectoparasites of bats, In Micromammals and Macroparasites, Springer Japan@179-194 (2006)@Yes$Kutty S.N.@Building the tree of life: Reconstructing the evolution of a recent and megadiverse branch (Calyptrates: Diptera) National University of Singapore (Doctoral dissertation)@(2009)@Yes$Tworzydlo W, Kisiel E. and Bilinski S.M.@Embryos of the viviparous dermapteran, Arixenia esau develop sequentially in two compartments: terminal ovarian follicles and the uterus@PLoS ONE, e64087. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064087, 8(5), (2013)@Yes$Petersen F.T., Meier R., Kutty S.N. and Wiegmann B.M.@The phylogeny and evolution of host choice in the Hippoboscoidea (Diptera) as reconstructed using four molecular markers@Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 45(1), 111-122 (2007)@Yes$Jelagat C.V.@Studies on the Possible Causes of Losses in Ostrich Production in Selected Ostrich Farms in Kenya@University of Nairobi (Msc thesis) (2009)@Yes$Jeffrey J.S.@Ostrich Production, Texas Agricultural Extension Service of the Texas University@Texas, 5 (1996)@Yes$Jurajda V.@Breeding ostriches and disease, 1st edition, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences@Brno, 92 (2002)@No$Cooper R.G. and El Doumani H.A.A.@The Presence of Quill Mites (Gabucinia bicaudata) and Lice (Struthiolipeurus struthionis) in Ostrich Wing Feathers, Journal of the South African Veterinary Association@77, 9-11 (2006)@Yes$Faccini J.L.H., Verocai G.G., Lopes L.N. and Souza C.P.@Occurrence of Struthiopterolichus bicaudatus (Acari; Pterolichidae) in Southeastern Brazil, Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia@58(5), 959-960(2006)@Yes$McNair C.M.@Ectoparasites of medical and veterinary importance: drug resistance and the need for alternative control methods, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology@67(3), 351-363 (2014)@Yes$Dalia F., khater H., Soultan M. and Nadia A.A.@Hazard Evaluation of Some Insecticides and Heavy Metals Residues in Duck Carcasses@Benha Veterinary medical Journal, 22(2), 87-94 (2011)@No$Taylor M.A., Coop R.L. and Wall R.L.@Veterinary Parasitology. 3rd edition, Blackwell Publishing@UK, 874(2007)@No$Verocai G.G., Lopes L.N., Burlini L., Cruz-Vieira V.P., Melo R.M.P.S. and Coumendouros K.@Efficacy of cypermethrin on the control of Struthiolipeurus spp. (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) in ostrich, Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia@60(5),1274-1276 (2008)@Yes$Gordo F.P., Herrera S., Castro A.T., Durán B.G. and D&#305;&#769; az R.M.@Parasites from farmed ostriches (Struthiocamelus) and rheas (Rhea americana) in Europe@Veterinary parasitology, 107(1), 137-160 (2002)@Yes$Girisgin A.O., Dik B. and Girisgin O.@Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) species of wild birds in northwestern Turkey with a new host record, International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife@2, 217-221 (2013)@Yes$Yaman M and Durgut R.@Parasitic Infestations in Ostriches and Therapy, Turkish Journal of Parasitology@29, 103-109(2005)@Yes$Dik B. and Halajian A.@Chewing Lice (Phthiraptera) of Several Species of Wild Birds in Iran, with New Records, Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases@7(1), 83–89 (2013)@Yes$Cooper R.G.@Ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus) skin and leather: a review focused on southern Africa@World@Yes$Dingle J. and Shanawany M.M.@Ostrich Production Systems: FAO Animal Production and Health Paper 144. 1st edition@FAO, Rome, 256 (1999)@No$Dalia F., khater H., Soultan M., Nadia A.A.@Hazard Evaluation of Some Insecticides and Heavy Metals Residues in Duck Carcasses, Benha Veterinary medical Journal@22(2), 87-94 (2011)@Yes$Nyahangare E.T., Mvumi B.M. and Mutibvu T.@Ethnoveterinary plants and practices used for ectoparasite control in semi-arid smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe@Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 11(1), 30 (2015)@Yes$Salifou S., Offoumon O.T.L.F., Gouissi F.M. and Pangui L.J.@Endogenous recipes for controlling arthropod ectoparasites of domestic poultry. Brazilian Journal of Parasitology@22(1), 119-123 (2013)@Yes$Lans C. and Turner N.@Organic parasite control for poultry and rabbits in British Columbia, Canada@Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 7(1), 1-10 (2011)@Yes