Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences ___________________________ ISSN 2320 – 6535 Vol. 2(8), 1-4, August (2014) Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci. International Science Congress Association 1 Diversity and Seasonal Fluctuation of Zooplankton in Fresh Water Reservoir Mongra Bairaj Rajnandgaon District, CG, IndiaR.K. Agrawal, Sanjay Thiske and Sunil MondalGovt. Science College Kherta Bazar, Durg, CG, INDIAGovt. Digvijay College Rajnandgaon, CG, INDIA Govt. H.S. School Chilhati, Rajnandgaon, CG, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 31st May 2014, revised 25th June 2014, accepted 26th July 2014 AbstractPresent investigation has been conducted on Mongra Bairaj of Chhattisgarh with special references to its zooplankton diversity.18 zooplanktion species were identified from Mongra Bairaj which consisted of Protozoa 9 species (50%), Copepoda 5 species (28%) and Rotifera 4 species (22%). Among all the zooplanktion group, Protozoa recorded dominance. Maximum diversity of zooplanktion population was recorded at station 4 village Salhe in summer season. Keyword: Zooplankton, Mongra Bairaj. IntroductionZooplankton comes next to phytoplanktone, as this micro primary consumer wholly depends upon the micro primary producer. In this way, zooplankton seems to provide the base of aquatic life at first instance. That is why; the study of zooplankton has gained importance. Borgmannet al. and Morgan et al; many others have studies zooplanktons of fresh water. This work also makes a new attempt to study the zooplanktons of Mogra Bairaj. Zooplanktons origin and growth is both natural and unnatural in fresh waster lakes of reservoir, in pure fresh water lakes of reservoir, its grow this natural, but in case of contaminated water, its growth is abnormal. It therefore acts as a bio-indicator that helps to measure fresh water quality. In this ways, it acts as link between energy flows of nutrient cycle in the aquatic ecosystem. Study Area: The Mongra Bairaj fresh water reservoir sitated about 60km south of Rajnandgaon city. Mongra Bairaj is situated between 20.45” 27.090 N. latitude and 80.39” 43.32 E longitude. The reservoir was surrounded by hills from two sides. There water spread area of 697 hectors. Mongra Bairaj is used for irrigation and aquaculture practices. Present work has been conducted on four sampling sites of Mongra Bairaj for the estimation of its fish diversity. Site 1 was fixed at near the Mongra village, site 2 near the village Munjal, site 3 was near Khadkhadi village and site 4 was fixed near Salhe village. Material and Methods This study is based on primary data which have been generated using sampling technique. Samples for all 12 months in this year 2011 have been taken. This would enable the researcher to carry out. Quantitative analysis for finding of seasonal variation. Trends of zooplanktons in term of variety, its abundance and percentage composition. The study has used Sedgwick Rafter method. The identification of zooplankton species has been done using text and monograph standard by Edmondson and Battis. Results and Discussion A total of 18 zooplankton species were identified in Mongra Bairaj. Out of these 9 species (50%) were recorded from Protozoa, 4 species (22.22 %) from Rotifera, 5 species (27.77%) from Copepods. The class wise sequence of dominance of zooplankton in Mongra Bairaj was as: Protozoa � Copepods � Rotifers. During the present study period, Protozoa recorded its dominance at all the site in Mongra Bairaj. Maximum Protozoa 6 species were recorded at site 4 while minimum 4 species were recorded from the site 3. The presence of maximum zooplanktonic fauna at site 4 is due to the impact of agricultural waste and presence of macrophytic vegetetation which provides food and habitat for zooplankton population. At Site 3 zooplankton recorded maximum it may also due to agricultural in organic fertilizer came in the Bairaj water with rain water. Arcella vulgaris was recorded maximum in summer. At site 3 Actinosperium, Strobilidium gyrance, Tokophyra lemnarumwas recorded in summer season. Protozoan species such as Coleps sp. and Vorticella species was recorded at site 2 in summer season. Euglena was recorded in all the site but maximum in site 1 and 4. Some protozoan species such as Arcella vulgaris, Difflugia sp. have been considered as indicator of nutrient rich water by various authors in some Indian fresh water habitat5-8. Maximum protozoan population in Mongra Bairaj was recorded in Summer season which is also confirmed by some authors (Ahangaret al., 2010; Samuelsson10 et al., 2006). Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences ________________________________________ ISSN 2320 – 6535 Vol. 2(8), 1-4, August (2014) Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci. International Science Congress Association 2 4 Species of rotifer was recorded in summer at site 4. 2 species was recorded at site 3 and only one species was and 2 species was recorded at site 1. Brachionus and Keratella cochlearis was recorded its dominance during summer and post monsoon season and Trichocera sp was dominated in summer season. Brachionus specie was recorded at all the site. Among the documented information are the works of Lim and Wong11(1997). Table-1 Diversity of Zooplanktonc Group in Mongra Bairaj of Rajnandgaon District (CG) Protozoa Copepoda Rotifera Euglena Daphnia Brachinous Strobilidium gyrans Cypris Keratella cholearis Epistylis plicatilis Cyclops Lecane bulla Tokophrya lemnarum. Diaptomus sp Trichocera sp. Actinopherium Nauplius Arcella vulgaris Coleps sp. Dillugia Vorticella sp. A number of scientists have made their observations on zooplankton, such as Arora12 (1962), Nayar13, (1968), Tonapi14(1980), Nayak T.R.15 (1981) and Nayak U.G.16 (1989). According to Moitra and Bhowmick17 (1963), Rotifera and two sub-class of crustacean, the Cladocera and Copepoda dominate group of the zooplankton component of fresh water. Muhammad18 Ali et el. (2005) studies on monthly variations in biological and physicochemical parameters of Brackish water fish pond. He suggests the diversity of plankton life were used as a measure of water quality of a brackish water aquaculture pond. Conclusion Zooplankton plays an important role in food chain and food web of any type of ecosystem. It is major connecting link between producers and secondary consumers. Mongra bairage also used for the fish cultivation by the local fisherman. Cultivated major carp depend on zooplankton for food. For the survival of young of cultivated major carps like rohu, catla , mrigal, big head, tilapia, notopterus and wallago attu may depend on the availability of abundant littoral and behthic zooplanktons. The presence of zooplanktons are thus cruicial to achieving high fish production during fish cultivation in fresh water rat. Figure-1 Zooplankton percentage composition in Mongra Bairaz Protozoa50%Copepods28%Rotifera22% Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences ________________________________________ ISSN 2320 – 6535 Vol. 2(8), 1-4, August (2014) Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci. International Science Congress Association 3 Figure-2 Zooplanktonic dominance in different site in Mongra Bairaj References 1.Borgman D., Shear H. and Moore J., Zooplankton and potential fish production in Lake Ontario, Can. Fish aqua. Sci., 41, 13031309 (1984)2.Morgan M.D., Threlkeld S.T. and Goldman C.R., Impact of the introduction of Kokanee and opossum shrimp on a subalpine lake, J. Fish Res.BD.Ca., 35, 1572-1579 (1978)3.Edmondson, Fresh water biology, 2nd Ed. John Wiley and sons New York, U.S.A. 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