@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Changes in blood tissue of estuarine tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppell, 1852) captured in polluted Lake Nokoué (Benin, West Africa)<#LINE#>AGBOHESSI @Prudencio,KINSICLOUNON @Gilles,OUEDRAOGO @Alfred,GUEDEGBA @Léa,ADOUWEKONOU @Vanessa,HOUNDJI @Alexis,IMOROU TOKO @Ibrahim <#LINE#>1-13<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJAVFS-2022-002.pdf<#LINE#>Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Benin@Laboratory of Applied Research in Biology (LARBA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin@Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, Cytogenetics and Biology of reproduction of the University Hospital of Bogodogo; University of Ouaga 1 Prof. Joseph Ki Zerbo, Burkina-Faso@Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Benin@Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Benin@Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Benin@Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Benin<#LINE#>26/8/2022<#LINE#>2/3/2023<#LINE#>Lake Nokoué is the most productive Lake in West Africa, but unfortunately its resources are declining due to several factors including organic and chemical pollution. The present study aims to investigate the impact of this advanced pollution onestuarine tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron. Thus, 60 sexually mature individuals (30 males and 30 females) of this specie were captured from the Lakes Nokoué and Toho with the Lake Toho considered as a reference. Blood samples were taken from fish of both sites to compare the hematological parameters (hemoglobin level (Hb), total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count) and biochemical parameters (glycemia level, creatinine and transaminases). In addition, the physicochemical parameters of water from three sites (S1, S2 and S3) of Lake Nokoué and two sites (S4 and S5) of Lake Toho were recorded and the organic pollution indices (OPI) calculated. The findings of this investigation revealed an OPI = 1.33 ± 0.14 for Lake Nokoué, confirming its very high organic pollution compared to Lake Toho which has compatible OPI for living fish (OPI=3.875 ± 0.18).Regarding the hematological parameters, the study revealed in S. melanotheron from Lake Nokoué a low Hb and a high TLC emphasizing leukocytosis due to the compensation and defensive response versus the toxic effect of pollutants on fish. As for the biochemical parameters, high levels of plasma glucose, creatinine and transaminases reveal an environmental stress and hepato-nephrotoxic effects of the cocktail of pollutants on S. melanotheron in Lake Nokoué. All together, on one hand the study demonstrated the poor state and threat to the survival of S. melanotheron in Lake Nokoué and on the other hand, raises a public health problem related to the consumption of such fish.<#LINE#>Lalèye, P.A, Niyonkuru, C., Moreau, J. and Teugels, G.G. (2003).@Spatial and seasonal distribution of the ichthyofauna of Lake Nokoué, Benin.@West Africa. African J. Aquatic Sci., 28 (2), 151-161. https://doi.org/10.2989/16085910309503779@Yes$Yehouenou, A., Pazou, E., Aléodjrodo, P.E., Azehoun, J.P., van Straalen, N.M., van Hattum, B., Swart, K. and van Gestel, C.A.M. (2014).@Pesticide residues in sediments and aquatic species in Lake Nokoué and Cotonou lagoon in the Republic of Bénin.@Environ Monit Assess, 186, 77–86.@Yes$Issola,Y., Kouassi, A.M., Dongui, B.K. and Biemi, J. (2008). Caractéristiques physico-chimiques d’une lagune côtière tropicale : lagune de Fresco (Côte d’Ivoire). Afrique SCIENCE, 04(3), 368 – 393.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Lalèye, P., Chikou, A. and Wuemenou, T. (1997).@Poissons d’eaux douces et saumâtres du Bénin: Inventaire, distribution, statut et conservation. Inventaire des   poissons menacés de   disparition du   Bénin.@Rapport d’étude. Coopération bénino-néerlandaise/Ambassade Royale des   Pays-Bas, Cotonou (Bénin), 80p.@Yes$Gras, R. (1961).@Liste des espèces du bas Dahomey faisant partie de la collection du laboratoire d’hydrobiologie du service des eaux, forêts et chasses du Dahomey.@Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Afrique Noire, 23 (a2), 527-586.@Yes$Cledjo, P. (1999).@La gestion locale de l’environnement dans les cités du lac Nokoué (Région urbaine du littoral du sud Bénin).@Mémoire de DEA de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi (Bénin), 60p.@Yes$Youssao, A., Soclo, H.H., Bonou, C., Vianou, K., Gbaguidi, M. and Dovonon, L. (2011).@Évaluation de la contamination de la faune ichthyenne dans le complexe lagunaire Nokoué – chenal de Cotonou par le plomb : cas des espèces Sarotherodon melanotheron, Tilapia guineensis et Hemichromis fasciatus (Bénin).@Int J Biol  Chem Sci., 5(2), 595–602.@Yes$Yèhouénou, E.A.P., Adamou, R., Azéhoun, P.J., Edorh, P.A. and Ahoyo, T. (2013).@Monitoring of heavy metals in the complex "Nokoué Lake - Cotonou and Porto-Novo lagoon" ecosystem during three years in the Republic of Benin.@Res J Chem Sci, 3(5), 7.@Yes$Saizonou, J., Ouendo, E.M., Agueh, V., Tokplonou, E. and Makoutodé, M. (2014).@Évaluation de la qualité de la gestion des déchets biomédicaux solides dans la zone sanitaire Klouekanme-Toviklin-Lalo au Bénin.@J Int Santé  Travail, 1, 1-11.@Yes$Tossou, E. S. (2000).@Impact du trafic des produits pétroliers sur les écosystèmes lacustres: Cas du lac Nokoué et de la lagune de Cotonou (Bénin).@Mémoire de DEA/FLASH/UAC, p132.@Yes$Dovonou, F. E., Ibikounle, M., Akouedegni, C. G., Aissi, V., Dossou, M. P., & Mama, D. (2019).@Impacts des Hydrocarbures Aromatiques Polycycliques sur les poissons: Cas des Tilapias du lac Nokoué au Sud du Bénin (Afrique de l’Ouest).@Eur Sci J, 15, 458-474.@Yes$Yehouenou, A., Pazou, E., Boko, M., Van Gestel, C.A.M., Ahissou, H., Lalèyè, P., Akpona, S., Van Hattum, B., Swart, K. and Van Straalen, N.M. (2006).@Contamination of fish by organochlorine pesticide residues in the Ouémé River catchment in the Republic of Bénin.@Environ int, 32, 594- 598.@Yes$Yehouenou, A., Pazou, E, Lalèye, Ph., Boko, M., Van Gestel, C.A.M., Ahissou, H., Akpona, S., Van Hattum, B., Swart, K. and Van Straalen, N.M. (2006).@Organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticide residues in the Ouémé River catchment in the Republic of Bénin.@Environ int, 32, 616- 623.@Yes$Agbohessi, T.P., Imorou Toko, I., Ouédraogo, A., Jauniaux, T., Mandiki, S.N.M. and Kestemont P. (2015).@Assessment of the health status of wild fish inhabiting a cotton basin heavily impacted by pesticides in Benin (West Africa).@Sci  Tot Environ, 506, 567-584.@Yes$Yèhouénou, A.P.E. (2005).@Les résidus de pesticides chimiques de synthèse dans les eaux, les sédiments et les espèces aquatiques du bassin versant du fleuve Ouémé et du lac Nokoué.@Thèse de doctorat unique de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, p. 217.@Yes$Bankolé, A.L. and Olou, A.C. (2000).@Evaluation de la pollution inorganique azotée et phosphorée dans les écosystèmes du lac Nokoué et du chenal de Cotonou. Identification des sources.@Mémoire pour l’obtention du DIT. / CPU. Cotonou, 82p.@Yes$Thompson, G., Swain, J., Kay, M. and Forstera, C.F. (2001).@The treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent: a review.@Bioresour. Technol., 77(3), 275-286.@Yes$Dovonou, F., Aina, M., Boukari, M. and Alassane, A. (2011).@Pollution physico-chimique et bactériologique d’un écosystème aquatique et ses risques écotoxicologiques : cas du lac Nokoué au Sud Benin.@Int J Biol Chem Sci, 5(4), 1590-1602.@Yes$Bawa, M.L., Djaneye-Boundjou, G. and Boukari, Y. (2005).@Caractérisation de deux effluents industriels au Togo: étude d’impact sur l’environnement.@Afrique SCIENCE, 02, 57 – 68.@Yes$Ahouansou-Montcho, S. (2003).@Etude de l’écologie et de la production halieutique du lac Toho au Bénin.@Mémoire de DESS/FSA, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, 87p.@Yes$Leclercq, L. (2001).@Intérêt et limites des méthodes d’estimation de la qualité de l’eau.@Station scientifique des Hautes-Fagnes, Belgique, Document de travail, 44p.@Yes$Lalèye, PA. (1995).@Ecologie comparée de deux espèces de Chrisisthys, poissons siluriformes (claroteidae) du complexe lagunaire Lac Nokoué-lagune de Porto-Novo au Bénin.@Thèse de Doctorat en Sciences, Université de Liège (Belgique), 152p.@Yes$Capo-chichi, H.B.P., Adandédjan, D., Aglonon Houélomè, T.M. and Lalèye P. (2022).@Physico-chimie et pollution organique du lac Nokoué au Sud du Bénin.@J Appl Biosci, 170, 17752– 17775.@Yes$Villanueva, M.C.S. (2004).@Biodiversité et relations trophiques dans quelques milieux estuariens et lagunaires de l’Afrique de l’Ouest: Adaptations aux pressions environnementales.@Thèse de doctorat, 272 p.@Yes$Zinsou, H.L, Attingli, A.H., Gnohossou, P., Adandedjan, D. and Lalèye, P. (2016).@Caractéristiques physico-chimiques et pollution de l’eau du delta de l’Ouéme au Bénin.@J Appl Biosci, 97, 9163 – 9173.@Yes$Gnohossou P. (2006).@La faune benthique d’une lagune ouest africaine (le Lac Nokoué au Bénin), diversité abondance, variation temporelles et spatiales, place dans la zone trophique. Thèse de Doctorat.@Institut national polytechnique de toulouse. Formation doctorale: SEVAB, 169p.@Yes$Chouti, W., Chitou, N., Kelome, N., Kpakpo, B.H., Honvou Vlavonou, D. and Tossou, M. (2017).@Caractérisation physico-chimique et étude de la toxicité de la lagune côtière, de Togbin à Grand-Popo (Sud-Ouest Bénin).@Eur Sci J, 13, 131-151.@Yes$Khalaf, G., Slim, K., Saad, Z., Nakhlé, K. (2007).@Evaluation de la qualité biologique des eaux du Nahr el Jaouz (Liban): application des méthodes indicielles.@Bulletins mensuels Sommaires - Société linnéenne de Lyon, 76 (9–10), 255- 268.@Yes$Djibril R. (2001).@Impact de l’utilisation des engrais chimiques et des pesticides sur la qualité de l’eau de surface dans la réserve de la biosphère de la Pendjabi.@Mémoire de fin de formation CPU/UAC, 160 p.@Yes$Agblonon Houelome TM, Adandedjan D, Chikou A, Imorou Toko I, Youssao I, Laleye P. (2017).@Caractérisation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux de la rivière Alibori dans le bassin cotonnier du Bénin.@Afrique SCIENCE; 13(4), 35 – 49.@Yes$Jen O. (2002). The perceived Environmental Impact of Car Washing. Ramsey-Washington Metro Watershed District, 9p.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Koudenoukpo, Z.C., Chikou, A., Adandedjan, D., Hazoume, R., Youssao, I., Mensah, G.A and Laleye AP. (2017).@Caractérisation physico-chimique d’un système lotique en région tropicale: la rivière Sô au Sud Bénin, Afrique de l’Ouest.@J Appl Biosci, 113, 11111-11122.@Yes$Mama, D., Aina, M., Alassane, A., Boukari, O.T., Chouti, W., Deluchat, V., Bowen, J., Afouda, A. and Baudu, M. (2011).@Caractérisation physico-chimique et évaluation du risque d’eutrophisation du lac Nokoué (Bénin).@Int J Biol Chem Sci, 5(5), 2076-2093.@Yes$Benzizoune, S., Nassali, H. and Srhiri, A. (2004).@Etude de la cinétique d’adsorption du phosphore en solution sur les sédiments du lac Fouarat au Maroc.@Larhyss J, 3, 171-184.@Yes$Benbouih, H., Nassali, H., Leblans, M. and Srhiri A. (2005). Contamination en métaux traces des sédiments du lac Fouarat (Maroc). Afrique SCIENCE, 1(1), 109-125.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Sinha, B.K., Gour, J.K., Singh, M.K. and Nigam, A.K. (2022).@Effects of pesticides on haematological parameters of fish: Recent updates.@J Sci Res, 66(1), 269-283.@Yes$Mostakim, G.Md., Zahangir, Md.M., Mishu, M.M., Rahman, Md.K. and  Islam, M.S. (2015).@Alteration of blood parameters and histoarchitecture of liver and kidney of silver barb after chronic exposure to quinalphos.@J Toxicol, 415984, 1-8.@Yes$Okoumassoun, L.E., Brochu, C., DeBlois, C., Akponan, S., Marion, M., Averill-Bates, D. and Denizeau, F. (2002).@Vitellogenin in tilapia male fishes exposed to organochlorine pesticides in Ouémé River in Republic of Benin.@Sci Tot Environ, 299, 163–172.@Yes$Agbohessi, T.P., Imorou Toko, I. and Kestemont, P. (2012).@État des lieux de la contamination des écosystèmes aquatiques par les pesticides organochlorés dans le bassin cotonnier béninois.@Cahiers Agricultures, 21, 46–56.@Yes$Vaiyanan, V., Sridharan, G., Raveendran, S. and Chairman, K. (2015).@Impact of pesticide on haematological parameters of Cyprinus carpio.@World j pharm pharm sci, 4(8), 1424-1430.@Yes$Kumari, R.S., Kumar, M.V. and Rao, N.G. (2018).@Haematological changes induced in the fish Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes) exposed to organophosphate Dichlorvos both technical and 76% EC (Nuvan).@J Inn Pharm Biol, 5(2), 58-63.@Yes$Ghayyur, S., Tabassum, S., Ahmad, M.S., Akhtar, N. and Khan, M.F. (2019).@Effect of chlorpyrifos on hematological and seral biochemical components of fish Oreochromis mossambicus.@Pakistan J Zool, 51(3), 1047-1052.@Yes$Pereira, L., Fernandes, M.N. and Martinez, C.B.R. (2013).@Hematological and biochemical alterations in the fish Prochilodus lineatus caused by the herbicide clomazone.@Environ Toxicol Pharm, 36, 1-8.@Yes$Jasmin, J., Rahman, Md.M. and Rahman, Md. M. (2018).@Haematological changes in Labeo rohita (H.) due to exposure of pesticides, difenoconazole and thiamethoxam.@Int J Contemporary Res Review, 9(01), 20199-20205.@Yes$Jayaprakash, C. and Shettu, N. (2013).@Changes in the hematology of the freshwater fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to the toxicity of deltamethrin.@J Chem Pharm Res, 5(6), 178-183.@Yes$Neelima, P., Sunitha, K., Gopala Rao, N., Chandra, S. and Rao, J. (2015).@Haematological alterations in Cyprinus carpio as biomarkers of cypermethrin toxicity.@Int J Cur Res, 7(8), 18864-18870.@Yes$Rao, G.N., Naik, B.K.R. and Rao, S.G. (2017).@Haematological changes in the fish Cyprinus carpio exposed to a synthetic pyrethroid [Class I], Permethrin and its 25% EC.@Cur Trends Technol Sci, 6 (5), 759-763.@Yes$Rao, G.S., Naik, B.K., Satyanarayana, S. and Rao, N.G. (2018).@Haematological changes induced by the deltamethrin a synthetic pyrethroid technical grade and 11% EC (Decis) in the fish Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes).@J Inn Pharm Biol Sci, 5 (2), 128-134.@Yes$Adewoye, S.O. (2010).@Haematological and biochemical changes in Clarias gariepinus exposed to Trephosia vogelii extract.@Adv Appl Sci Res, 1 (1), 74–79.@Yes$Jaya, S. and Singh, A. (2010).@A comparative study on the piscicidal activity of synthetic pesticides and plant origin pesticides, to fish Channa punctatus.@World J Zool, 5 (1), 20–24.@Yes$Akinrotimi, O.A., Gabriel, U.U. and Orokotan, O.O. (2013).@Changes in enzymes activities of Clarias gariepinus brood fish exposed to anaesthetics metomidate.@Appl Ecol Environ Sci, 1 (3), 37–40.@Yes$Yèhouénou, E.A.P., Azéhoun, P., Edorh, P., Van Hattum, B., Swart, K., Van Strallen, M.N. and Van Gestel, C.A.M. (2013).@Health risks associated with pesticide residues in sediments, fish, and plants from the Ouémé valley in the Republic of Benin.@Arch Environ contam Toxicol, 65, 260–265.@Yes$Anju T. (2012).@Effect of cadmium acetate on immuno- hematological parameters in White Leg-horn chicks.@IAAST, 3(4), 40-42.@Yes$Fawzia, Y.S., Sayed, G.H., Walid, S.E., Hassan, M.D., Amira, H.M. and Alaa, R.A. (2014).@Protective effects of vitamin E, Selenium and Zinc supplementation on hematological and some biochemical parameters in pregnant rats exposed to cadmium.@Global J Pharmacol, 8(4), 665-672.@Yes$Wang, H.J., Liu, Z.P., Jia, X.D., Chen, H. and Tan, Y. (2014).@Endocrine disruption of cadmium in rats using the OECD Enhanced TG 407 Test System.@Biom  Environ Sci, 27(12), 950-959.@Yes$Oluwafemi, A.O., Basiru, A.A., Babatunji, E.O. and Adebola, B.O. (2014).@Hematological properties of Irvingia gabonensis in males adult rats.@J Pharm Sci Inn, 3(5), 434 - 436.@Yes$Fahim, M.A, Nemmar, A., Dhanasekaran, S., Singh, S., Shafiullah, M., Yasin, J., Zia, S. and Hasan, M.Y. (2012).@Acute cadmium exposure causes systemic and thromboembolic events in mice.@Physiol Res, 61, 73-80.@Yes$Hounkpatin, A.S.Y. Edorh, P.A., Guédénon, P., Alimba, C.G., Ogunkanmi, A., Dougnon, T.V., Boni, G., Aissi, K.A., Montcho, S., Loko, F., Ouazzani, N., Mandi, L., Boko, M. and Creppy, E.E. (2013).@Haematological evaluation of Wistar rats exposed to chronic doses of cadmium, mercury and combined cadmium and mercury.@African J Biotechnol., 12(23), 3731-3737.@Yes$Muraidharan, L. (2012).@Haemato-biochemical alterations induced by chronic exposure to fenthion in Cyprinus carpio.@Int  J Trend  Res Devel, 1(3), 19-25.@Yes$Parkash, J. (2016).@Effect of endosulphan and dimethoate pesticides on haematological parameters of freshwater fish Channa punctatus.@Sci J Zool., 4(3), 28-33.@Yes$Tiwari, R.K., Singh, S., Ghosh, S. and Pandey, R.S. (2017).@Studies delineating the effect of chlorpyrifos on Heteropneustes fossilis: histopathological and hematological aspects.@Int J Recent Sci Res, 8(4), 16934-16938.@Yes$Diaby V, Yapo AF, Adon AM, Yapi HF, Djama AJ and Dosso M. (2016).@Biotoxicité hématologique du sulfate de cadmium chez les rats Wistar.@International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 10(4), 1765-1772.@Yes$Alex, A.E and Lawrence, I.E. (2013).@The effects of sub lethal concentrations of cadmium on haematological indices of two amphibians.@Int Conf Med, Biol Pharm Sci, 4(5), 216-219.@Yes$IARC. (1993).@Cadmium and cadmium compound. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans.@Vol. 58. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 119-239.@Yes$Jelena, D., Ivana, M., Marina, N., Aleksandra, P.A., Lidija, Z., Dragan, K. and Milena, K. (2014).@Acute cadmium administration to rats exerts both immunosuppressive and proinflammatory effects in spleen.@Toxicol , 326, 96–108.@Yes$Gabol, K., Zaheer, K.M., Umair, A.K.M., Peer, K., Farina, F., Saima, S., Tanveer, J., Nadeem, B., Asif, I.M., Usman, A.H.M. and Muhammad, T. (2014).@Induced effects of lead, chromium and cadmium on Gallus domesticus.@Canadian J Pure Appl Sci, 8(3), 3035-3042.@Yes$Borane, V.R. (2013).@Protective role of ascorbic acid on the cadmium induced changes in hematology of the freshwater fish, Channa orientalis (Schneider).@Adv Appl Sci Res, 4(2), 305-308.@Yes$Nemcsok, J., Benedeczky, I., Boross, B., Asztalos, B. and Orban, L. (1982).@In vivo effects of deltamethrin on some biochemical parameters of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).@Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 27, 9-15.@Yes$Mishra, J. (1983).@Malathion induced hematological and biochemical changes in the Indian catfish Heteropneustes fossilis.@Environ Res, 30, 393-398.@Yes$Sastry, K.V., Siddiqui, A.A. and Singh, S.K.  (1998).@Alterations in some biochemical and enzymological parameters in the snake head fish, Channa punctatus exposed clinically to quinalphos.@Chemosphere, 11, 12-21.@Yes$Al-Otaibia, A.M., Al-Balawia, H.F.A., Ahmada, Z. and Sulimana, E.M. (2019).@Toxicity bioassay and sub-lethal effects of diazinon on blood profile and histology of liver, gills and kidney of catfish, Clarias gariepinus.@Brazilian J Biol., 79 (2), 326-336.@Yes$Bhatnagar, A., Cheema, N. and Yadav, A.S. (2017).@Alterations in haematological and biochemical profile of freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos.@Nature Environ Poll Technol, 16(4), 1189-1194.@Yes$Sevcikova, M., Modra, H., Blahova, J., Dobsikova, R., Plhalova, L., Zitka, O., Hynek, D., Kizek, R., Skoric, M. and Svobodova, Z. (2016).@Biochemical, haematological and oxidative stress responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after sub-chronic exposure to copper.@Veterinarni Medicina, 61, 35-50.@Yes$Karayakar, F., Çiftci, N., Korkmaz, C., Ay. Ö. and Cicik, B. (2017).@Effects of Copper, Zinc, Lead and Cadmium on some blood parameters of Oreochromis niloticus.@Aquaculture Studies, 17, 273-282.@Yes$Pandharikar, S. and Joshi, P. (2011).@Studies on cadmium induced some biochemical alternations in air breathing fish Clarias batrachus (linn.).@Rev. Res., 1 (3), 1-4.@Yes$Ahmad, S.I.and Gautam, R.K. (2014). Effect of organophosphate pesticide, nuvan on serum biochemical parameters of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). Int Res J Environ Sci, 3(10), 1-6.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Soufy, H., Soliman, M., El-Manakhly, E. and Gaafa, A. (2007).@Some biochemical and pathological investigations on monosex Tilapia following chronic exposure to carbofuran pesticides.@Global Veterinaria, 1(1), 45-52.@Yes$Ogamba, E.N., Inyang, I.R. and Azuma, I.K. (2011).@Effect of paraquat dichloride on some metabolic and enzyme parameters of Clarias gariepinus.@Cur Res J Biol Sci, 3(3), 186-190.@Yes$Zulfiqar, A., Yasmeen, R. and Ijaz, S. (2020).@Effect of Malathion on blood biochemical parameters (urea and creatinine) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).@Pakistan J Sci, 72(1), 37-42.@Yes$Zeid, E.A.and Khalil, A.S.A. (2014).@Toxicological consequences of Di-n-Butyl- Phthalate (DBP) on health of Nile tilapia fingerlings.@Americ J Anim Vet Sci, 9(4), 269-276.@Yes$Bharti, S. and Rasool, F. (2021).@Analysis of the biochemical and histopathological impact of a mild dose of commercial malathion on Channa punctatus (Bloch) fish.@Toxicology Reports, 8, 443-455.@Yes$Banaee, M., Tahery, S., Nematdoost Haghi, B., Shahafve, Sh., and Vaziriyan, M. (2019).@Blood biochemical changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) upon co-exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and paraquat.@Iranian J Fish Sci, 18(2), 242 -255.@Yes$Nelson, D.L., and Cox, M.M. (2000).@Lehninger principles of biochemistry.@New York: Worth Publishers, pp. 623-658.@Yes$Al-asgah, N.A., Abdel-warith, A.W.A., Younis, E.M. and Allam, H.Y. (2015).@Haematological and biochemical parameters and tissue accumulatioons of cadmium in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to various concentrations of cadmium chloride.@Saudi J Biol Sci, 22(5), 543-550.@Yes$Jeney, G., Nemcsok, J., Jeney, Z.S. and Olah, J. (1991).@Acute effect of sublethal ammonia concentrations on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). II. Effect of ammonia on blood plasma transminases (GOT, GPT), GDH enzyme activity and ATP value.@Aquaculture, 104(1-2), 149-156.@Yes$Mekkawy, I.A.A., Mahmoud, U.M., Wassif, E.T. and Naguib, M. (2011).@Effects of cadmium on some haematological and biochemical characteristics of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) dietary supplemented with tomato paste and vitamin E.@Fish Physiol Biochem, 37(1), 71-84.@Yes$Sastry, K.V. and Sharma, K. (1980).@Diazinon effect on the activities of brain enzymes from Ophiocephalus (Channa) punctatus.@Bul Environ Contam Toxicol, 24(1), 326-332.@Yes$Agrahari, S., Pandey, K.C., and Gopal, K. (2007).@Biochemical alteration induced by monocrophos in the blood plasma of fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch).@Pest Biochem Physiol, 88(3), 268-272.@Yes$Vaglio, A. and Landriscina, C. (1999).@Changes in liver enzyme activity in the teleost, Sparus auratus in response to cadmium intoxication.@Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 43(1), 111-116.@Yes$Palanivelu, V., Vijayavel, K., Balasubramanian, S.E. and Balasubramamian, M.P. (2005).@Influence of insecticidal derivative (cartap hydrochloride) from the marine polycheate on certain enzyme systems of the fresh water fish Oreochromis mossambicus.@J Environ Biol, 26(2), 191-195.@Yes
<#LINE#>Haematological and Electrolyte Constituents of Scavenging Muscovy Ducks (Cairina moschata) in Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria<#LINE#>Shima Samuel @Chia,Mamfe Elizabeth @Ate,Jethro Myom @Adagi <#LINE#>14-20<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJAVFS-2023-002.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Animal Breeding and Physiology, College of Animal Science, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi,  Benue State, Nigeria@Department of Animal Breeding and Physiology, College of Animal Science, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi,  Benue State, Nigeria@Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University,  P.M.B. 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria<#LINE#>28/3/2023<#LINE#>29/4/2023<#LINE#>The study investigated the haematological and electrolyte constituents of scavenging Muscovy ducks in Makurdi, Benue state, North-Central Nigeria to assess their health and stress status. A total of 20 apparently healthy adult Muscovy ducks (10 birds per sex) reared on scavenging system were used for the study.  Two sets of blood samples were collected from each duck at point of sacrificing and analysed for haematological and electrolyte constituents. The result showed that sex did not significantly (P>0.05) influence all the parameters studied with values that were comparable to other works. The overall mean haemato-biochemical values from this study were 2.00x1012/L (red blood cell), 35.85% (packed cell volume), 19.24 g/dL (haemoglobin), 98.43pg (mean corpuscular haemoglobin), 57.21 g/dL (mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration), 187.38 fL (mean corpuscular volume), 132.00x109/L (platelets), 14.56x109/L (white blood cell), 43.55% (heterophils), 1.85% (eosinophils), 52.55% (lymphocytes), 2.05% (monocytes), 0.92 (heterophil/lymphocyte ratio), 2.16mg/dL (calcium), 157.00 mmol/L (sodium), 7.87mmol/L (potassium), 112.17mmol/L (chloride), and 9.37 mg/dL (phosphate). Therefore, the haematological and electrolyte constituents of the scavenging Muscovy ducks studied in comparison with available literature on healthy ducks possibly indicated normal health and low stress status of the birds.<#LINE#>NBS (2012).@National Bureau of Statistics/ Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Collaborative Survey on National Agriculture Sample Survey (NASS).@2010/2011-Draft Report, May, 2012.@No$Kadurumba, O.E., Egenuka, F. C., Ikpamezie, L.C., Kadurumba, C. and Onunkwo, D.N. (2019).@Evaluation of local duck production systems in Imo and Abia States of Nigeria.@Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 46, 120–130.@Yes$Ikani, I. (2003).@Duck production in Nigeria.@Poultry Series No.7. National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. pp 31.@No$Raji, A. O., Igwebuike, J. U., & Usman, M. T. (2009).@Zoometrical body measurements and their relation with live weight in matured local Muscovy ducks in Borno State, Nigeria.@ARPN J. Agric. Biol. Sci, 4(3), 58-62.@Yes$Kadurumba, O. E., Iloeje, M. U., Ogundu, U. E., Okoli, I. C., Okoro, V. M. O., & Kadurumba, C. (2022).@Characteristics of Indigenous Ducks and Their Production System in Nigeria: A Review.@Agricultural Reviews, 43(4), 443-449.@Yes$Oladele, S. B., Ogundipc, S., Ayo, J. O., & Esievo, K. A. N. (2001).@Effects of season and sex on packed cell volume, haemoglobin and total proteins of indigenous pigeons in Zaria, Northern Nigeria.@Veterinarski Arhiv, 71(5), 277-286.@Yes$Oladele, S. B., Ayo, J. O., Esievo, K. A. N., & Ogundipe, S. O. (2001).@Seasonal and sex variations in packed cell volume, haemoglobin and total protein of indigenous ducks in Zaria, Nigeria.@Journal of Tropical Biosciences, 1, 84-88.@Yes$Cetin, N., Bekyürek, T., & Cetin, E. (2009).@Effects of sex, pregnancy and season on some haematological and biochemical blood values in angora rabbits.@Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, 36(2), 155-162.@Yes$Ebegbulem, V. N., & Ekwere, O. N. (2021).@Haemoglobin Type, Haematology and Morphometric Characteristics of Muscovy Ducks Reared in Calabar, Nigeria.@Annual Research & Review in Biology, 53-58.@Yes$Ologbose, F. and Dick, S. (2021).@Breeds, age and sex effect on haematological and biochemical parameters of ducks in rivers state, Nigeria.@Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 4, 52–57.@Yes$Ola, S.I., Oregun, M.A. and Adeloye, A.O. (2000).@Hematological values of the local Muscovy ducks of Nigeria. Preliminary findings.@In: The proceedings of the XXI World’s Poultry Congress. Montreal, Canada, 20th –24th Aug. (CD ROM).@No$Olayemi, F.O. and Arowolo, R.O.A. (2009).@Seasonal Variations in the Haematological Values of the Nigerian Duck (Anas platyrhynchos).@International Journal of Poultry Science, 8, 813–815.@Yes$Okeudo, N.J., Okoli, I.C. and G.O.F. Igwe (2003).@Hematological Characteristics of Ducks (Cairina moschata) of Southeastern Nigeria.@Tropicultura, 21, 61–65.@Yes$Sulaiman, M.H., Aduta, D.M. and Salami, S.O. (2010).@The comparative study in blood cellular composition in Muscovy ducks in Nigeria.@International Journal of Poultry Science, 9, 836–841.@Yes$International Business Machines Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) released ©2011 for Windows, Version 20.0, IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York.@undefined@undefined@No$Mehta, A.B. and Hoffbrand, A.V. (2005).@Haematology at a glance.@2nd edition, Blackwell Publishing Ltd Inc., Malden, Massachusetts, USA, 117 pp. ISBN-13: 978-1405126663.@No$Olayemi, F. O., Ojo, E. O., & Fagbohun, O. A. (2006).@Comparative study of the haematological and plasma biochemical parameters in the Nigerian duck (Anas platyrhynchos) and the Nigerian laughing dove (Streptopelia senegalensis).@Vet. Archive, 76, 145-151.@Yes$Kral, I., & Suchý, P. (2000).@Haematological studies in adolescent breeding cocks.@Acta Veterinaria Brno, 69(3), 189-194.@Yes$Knotková, Z., Musilová, A., & Tukač, V. (2013).@Rigours of clinical haematology of birds and reptiles.@Proceedings of Drobní savci, ptáci a plazi: Záludnosti diagnostiky a terapie a nejčastější zdravotní problémy malých a drobných zvířat, Czech Republic, 16-33.@Yes$Purves, W.K., Sadava, D., Orians, G.H. and Heller, H.C. (2003).@Life: The Science of Biology.@7th ed., Sinauer Associates and W. H. Freeman, USA, 954 pp. ISBN-13 ‏: ‎978-0716798569.@No$Opara, M. N., Oguobi, F. C., Adiele, E. E., & Jegede, O. C. (2016).@Survey of haemoparasites and haematology of Scavenging ducks (Anas platyhyncha) in Owerri Southeastern Nigeria.@J. Vet. Adv, 6(10), 1325-1331.@Yes$Ismoyowati, I., Samsi, M., & Mufti, M. (2012).@Different haematological condition, immune system and comfort of Muscovy duck and local duck reared in dry and wet seasons.@Animal Production, 14(2).@Yes$Prchal, J. T., Prchal, J. T., & Polycythemia, V. (2010).@Williams hematology (435-449).@New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies.@Yes$McPherson, R. A., & Pincus, M. R. (2021).@Henry@Elsevier Health Sciences.@Yes$Perkins, S.L. (2009).@Chap 1 Examination of the Blood and Bone Marrow.@In: Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology (Greer, J.P., Foester, J., Rodgers, G.M., Paraskevas, F., Glader, B., Arbr, D.A., Means R.T. Jnr., eds.), 12th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, USA.@Yes$Curry, C.V. and Staros, E.B. (2019).@Drugs and Diseases: Laboratory Medicine - Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV).@Medscape [updated 2019 Nov. 19].@No$Makram, A., Galal, A., & El-Attar, A. H. (2017).@Hematological and Immunocompetence Parameters of Sudani, Muscovy Ducks and their Cross.@Egyptian Journal of Animal Production, 54(3), 229-236.@Yes$Soetan, K. O., Akinrinde, A. S., & Ajibade, T. O. (2013).@Preliminary studies on the haematological parameters of cockerels fed raw and processed guinea corn (Sorghum bicolor).@In Proceedings of 38th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production, Vol. 2013, pp. 49-52.@Yes$Pendl, H. and Tizar, I. (2016).@Immunology. In: Current Therapy in Avian Medicine and Surgery (Speer, B.L. ed).@Saunders Inc., 928 pp. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009–0–42653–9.@No$Kavitha, K., Manohar, G. R., Vairamuthu, S., & Ramamurthy, N. (2016). 3Haematological study in white pekin and indigenous ducks of tamil nadu.@Int. J. Sci. Environ. Technol, 5, 2621-2624.@undefined@Yes$Olayemi, F., Oyewale, J., Rahman, S., & Omolewa, O. (2003).@Comparative assessment of the white blood cell values, plasma volume and blood volume in the young and adult Nigerian duck (Anas platyrhynchos).@Veterinarski arhiv, 73(5), 271-276.@Yes$Campo, J. L., Gil, M. G., Munoz, I., & Alonso, M. (2000).@Relationships between bilateral asymmetry and tonic immobility reaction or heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in five breeds of chickens.@Poultry Science, 79(4), 453-459.@Yes$Huff, G. R., Huff, W. E., Balog, J. M., Rath, N. C., Anthony, N. B., & Nestor, K. E. (2005).@Stress response differences and disease susceptibility reflected by heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in turkeys selected for increased body weight.@Poultry science, 84(5), 709-717.@Yes$Pingel, H., Hailu, C., Thi Hanh, D., Al-Mahrous, M., & Lengerken, G. V. (1995).@Effect of selection for plasma corticosterone level and feed conversion ratio in dwarf White Rocks on adaptability to hot temperature during growth.@Archiv fuer Tierzucht (Germany).@Yes$Thiam, M., Wang, Q., Barreto Sanchez, A.L., Zhang, J., Ding, J., Wang, H., Zhang, Q., Zhang, N., Wang, J., Li, Q., Wen, J. and Zhao, G. (2022).@Heterophil/lymphocyte ratio level modulates Salmonella resistance, cecal microbiota composition and functional capacity in infected chicken.@Front. Immunol., 13:816689. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022. 816689.@Yes$Minias, P. (2019).@Evolution of heterophil/lymphocyte ratios in response to ecological and life-history traits: A comparative analysis across the avian tree of life.@J. Anim. Ecol., 88, 554–565. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12941.@Yes$Thiam, M., Barreto Sanchez, A.L., Zhang J., Zheng, M., Wen, J., Zhao G. et al. (2021).@Association of heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio with intestinal barrier function and immune response to Salmonella Enteritidis infection in chicken.@Anim. (Basel), 11, 3498. doi:10.3390/ani11123498.@Yes$Adewole, F.A., Egbeyale, L.T., Ekunseitan, D.A., Bello, K.O., Lala, O.A. and Famakinde, S.A. (2021).@Effect of strain and sex on haematological and serum biochemical indices of tropical indigenous chickens.@Nig. J. Anim. Prod., 48, 18–26. doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i2.2924.@Yes$Jerabek, M., Suchy, P., Strakova, E., Kudelkova, L., Simek, V., Jakesova, P., Machacek, M. and Zapletal, D. (2018).@Selected blood biochemical indicators of Cherry valley ducks undergoing fattening in relation to their diet and sex.@Veterinarni Medicina, 63, 420–432. doi.org/10.17221/81/2018-VETMED.@Yes$Rath, R., Panigrahi, B., Mishra, S.K., Pradhan, C.R., Maity, A. and Tewari, H. (2019).@Comparative serum biochemical profile for different breeds of ducks versus White Leghorn chickens in peak laying period.@Indian J. Anim. Res., 53, 327-331. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3510.@Yes
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Current status of indigenous ornamental fish species diversity of Egra-I block in Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>Sushil @Bera <#LINE#>21-24<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJAVFS-2023-001.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Aquaculture Management, Khejuri College, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>23/3/2023<#LINE#>1/5/2023<#LINE#>Ornamental fishes have attractive colour in nature. This study was conducted on indigenous ornamental fish species diversity of Egra-I block in Purba Medinipur District, West Bengal, India from March 2021 to December 2022.  Total 25 native ornamental fishes under 15 genera, 13 families and 7 orders were found during the investigation period. The maximum number of species belonging to order Siluriformes followed by Anabantiformes and Cypriniformes. This survey observed that many of the available ornamental fish species are endemic to some places. Of the fish species available, many are of tremendous economic importance. In the present research, all the water bodies of Egra-I block of Purba Medinipur district were thoroughly surveyed for natural ornamental fishes.<#LINE#>Dey, V. K. (1996).@Ornamental fishes and Hndbook of Aqua farming.@The Marine Products Export Development Authority, Cochin. Entrepreneurship Development. Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneshwar, 1-6.@Yes$Singh, T. (2005).@Emerging trends in world ornamental fish trade.@Infofish International, 24(3), 15-18.@Yes$Tlusty, M. F., Rhyne, A. L., Kaufman, L., Hutchins, M., Reid, G. M., Andrews, C., ... & Dowd, S. (2013).@Opportunities for public aquariums to increase the sustainability of the aquatic animal trade.@Zoo biology, 32(1), 1-12.@Yes$Jayaram, K.C. (1999).@The Freshwater Fishes of the Indian Region.@Delhi, Narendra Publishing House, New Delhi, India.@Yes$Talwar, P. K., & Jhingran, A. G. (1991).@Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries–Oxford and IBH publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta.@undefined@Yes$Paul, B., & Chanda, A. (2014).@Indigenous ornamental fish faunal diversity in Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India.@International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 3(6), 94-100.@Yes$Basu, A., Dutta, D. & Banerjee, S. (2012).@Indigenous ornamental fishes of West Bengal.@Recent Research Science and Technology, 4(11),12-21.@Yes$Anandhi, U.D. and Sharath, Y.G. (2013).@Ornamental Fish Fauna of Adda Hole: Kabbinale Forest Range, Southern Western Ghats, Karnataka, India.@ISCA Journal of Biological Sciences, 2 (11), 60-64.@Yes$Saha, M.K. and Patra, B.C. (2013).@Present Status of Icthyofaunal Diversity of Damodar River at Burdwan District, West Bengal, India.@International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 3(6), 1-11.@Yes$Kumar, S.T., Charan, G.B. & Kumar, S.S. (2013).@Review of the Research on the Fish Diversity in the River Mahanadi and Identifying the Probable Potential Ornamental Fishes among them with reference to Threats and Conservation Measures.@Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences, 1(3), 16-24.@Yes$Jayasankar, P. (1998).@Ornamental Fish Culture and Trade: current status and prospects.@Fishing Chimes, 17 (12), 9-13.@Yes$Mukherjee, M., Chattopadhay, M., Datta, S. K. & Biswas, S. (2000).@Problems and prospects of aquarium fish trade in West Bengal.@Fishing Chimes, 20 (1), 90-93.@Yes$Kurup, B. M. (2003).@Popularization of Aquarium keeping and Promotion of ornamental Fish Culture and Marketing: Kerala Model of development.@Fishing Chimes, 23 (9), 31-34.@Yes$Das, M., Sarma, S., & Das, A. K. (2005).@Status of ornamental fishes of Assam.@Fishing Chimes, 25(3), 13-15.@Yes$IUCN.@The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.@Version 2022-1. <https://www.iucnredlist.org>.@No