Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences ___________________________ ISSN 2320 – 6535   Vol. 1(3), 7-13, April (2013) Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci. International Science Congress Association        
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Diversity of Zooplankton in Barwani Tank of West Nimar, MP, IndiaChouhan Pushpa1 and Kanhere R.R.Govt. College, Kukshi, MP, INDIA Zoology Dept, Govt. PG College, Barwani, MP, INDIA Available online at: 
www.isca.in
Received 4th February 2013, revised 20th March 2013, accepted 14th April 2013Abstract Biodiversity is the shortened form of two word’s “biological” and “diversity”. It refers to all the variety of life that can be found on earth (plants, animals, fungi and Micro –organism) as well as to the communities that they form habitats in which they live. Biodiversity is not only the sum of all ecosystem, species and genetic material. Rather, it represents the variability within and among them. Zooplankton constitutes a vital link in the food chain of an ecosystem and fish yield is to a great extent depending on their abundance. The abundance of Zooplankton is more of less governed by the interaction of number of Physical, Chemical and biological processes. The present investigation was undertaken to study the biodiversity of Zooplankton in “Barwani tank” of West Nimar, M.P. A total 23 species belonging to four groups have been identified. Protozoa 8 species, Rotifers 6 species, copepods 5 species and cladocers 4 species contributed to Zooplankton in the Barwani tank. Zooplankton diversity of this tank is higher in comparison to running water body link river Narmada. Where only 21 genera of Zooplankton occur.   Keywords: Zooplankton, diversity, Barwani tank.Introduction The proposed study area i.e. Barwani tank, of District Barwani, is situated in the South-Western part of the state of M.P., It lies between the parallels of 210.44’-220.04’N- latitude and 740.27’- 750.07’-E- longitude. It covers an area of 835.74 sq. km.,Vindhyanchal in north andMaikal rang in east. Physiographical area is hilly with plains; the general topographic elevation is 177-200 m. from mean Sea-level. Average annual rainfall is around 400-500 mm (i.e. 20-25 inch) contributed by south-west monsoon. Plankton is weakly swimming but most drifting small organism that inhabit called the water column of ocean, and bodies of fresh water. The name comes from the Greek term, plankton-meaning “Wanderer” and “drifter”. Plankton is composed of tiny plant called phytoplankton and animal called zooplankton, as well as organism that are not easily classified into those two groups (such as Protozoa’s and bacteria). Planktonic organisms are suspended in water and are so small that even slight current move them about. Fish eat zooplankton, phytoplankton and tiny plants and animals attached to objects on the pond bottom. They are also being used as bioindicators of water quality. Many studies on zooplankton and water quality of fresh water have been conducted from all over India. Material and MethodsThe plankton samples were collected following Welch and Lind by filtering 40 liters of water through small plankton net made up of bolting silk no. 25 (64 u mesh size). The concentrate was preserved in 5% formalin solution for zooplankton study respectively. The systematic identification of plankton was made by standard Keys of Adoni A.D., Apha  Awwa6 and WPCF, Needhan and Needhan, Edmondson W.T., Battish, S.K., Biswas S. P10.,Patil H.S11., Sunkad, B.N12., Gaikawad S.R13., Sutrakar R.C14., Okogwu I.O15., Kadam, S.S16., Somani Vaishali17, Goswami, A.P18., Studied zooplankton of Fresh water Reservoir Nyari-II Rajkot District, Gujarat, India. Results and DiscussionA Total of 23 species belonging to four groups have been identified. Protozoa 8 species, Rotifers 6 species, Copepods 5 species and Cladocers 4 species contributed to zooplankton into Barwani tank. Some species of Protozoan are Arcella sp., Actinophrys sp., Euglepha sp., Epistylis sp., Lacrmaria sp., Opercularia sp., Prorodon sp., Vorticella species.  Rotifers exhibit high turnover rates in nature. Chourasia19  reported that the diversity of rotifers and their species diversity are higher in eutrophic condition. Rotifers are Branchionus caudatus, Branchionus falcatus, Horaella sp., Keratella tropica, Monostyla sp., pseudodiaptomus sp., Nauplii species and Cladocer Bosmina sp. Daphnia sp., Moina sp., Leydigia species. Protozoa maximum recorded in summer month. Similar observation made by Mahar R.K20. We were recorded Protozoan (33.82%), Rotifers (35.56%), Cepepoda (14.76%) and Cladocera (15.88%). A number of rotifers are higher than other groups but species diversity of Protozoan in higher than Rotifers. We were found Protozoan and Rotifers similar and Copepod and Cladocera are similar in the tank.  
Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences ________________________________________ ISSN 2320 – 6535  Vol. 1(3), 7-13, April (2013)                    Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci.   International Science Congress Association 
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Table-1 Monthly variation in Zooplankton Density in Barwani Tank (No. /lit.) 2011-2012  Name of Group &Genera Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Annual Total 
Protozoa Arcella sp. 0 0 0 6 12 4 35 6 0 0 0 0 63 
Actinophyxis sp. 0 19 18 7 31 91 33 7 0 0 0 0 206 
Euglepha sp. 0 10 0 0 9 13 10 9 6 0 0 0 57 
Epistylis sp. 0 20 20 4 26 40 29 20 0 0 0 0 159 
Lacrymaria sp. 30 4 4 4 6 2 5 0 17 27 20 5 124 
Opercularia sp. 14 2 4 0 0 0 12 41 74 30 12 3 192 
Prorodon sp. 24 7 10 5 0 0 5 11 16 24 22 73 197 
Vorticella sp. 0 18 22 15 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 
Total sp. 68 80 78 41 89 150 129 94 113 81 54 81 1058 
Rotifera Branchionus caudatus 25 20 18 18 71 96 75 75 39 29 36 29 531 
Branchionus calyciflorus 0 0 5 8 8 12 20 34 6 0 0 0 93 
Haxarthra sp. 15 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 25 70 25 10 165 
Keratella sp. 30 0 11 13 12 0 0 0 0 10 3 25 104 
Monostyla sp. 15 10 10 10 0 0 0 0 33 29 25 16 148 
Notholca sp. 0 0 0 0 9 36 8 17 0 0 0 0 70 
Total sp. 85 40 54 49 100 144 103 126 103 138 89 80 1111 
Copepoda Cyclops sp. 10 0 7 8 10 6 9 0 0 10 0 0 60 
Mesocyclops sp. 0 10 0 4 3 0 0 0 5 0 13 18 53 
Macrocyclops sp. 0 0 6 16 28 15 0 0 0 6 0 0 87 
Pseudodiaptomussp. 60 6 20 12 0 0 0 0 6 10 26 31 171 
Nauplii sp. 0 13 0 0 5 12 4 30 28 0 0 0 91 
Total sp. 70 29 33 40 46 33 13 30 39 26 39 49 462 
Cladocera Bomina sp. 18 10 21 15 6 0 0 0 28 12 8 12 130 
Daphnia sp. 0 0 0 0 0 30 18 30 30 15 30 20 173 
Monia sp. 10 10 8 12 41 0 2 10 0 0 10 20 123 
Leydigia sp. 11 5 8 0 0 0 10 16 0 0 15 6 71 
Total sp. 39 25 37 27 47 30 30 56 58 27 63 58 497 
 
Figure-1 Species composition of Zooplankton and relative percentage of each group 
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Figure-2 Arcella sp. Figure-3 Actinophyxis sp. Figure-4 Euglepha sp. Figure-5 Epistylis sp. Figure-6 Lacrymaria sp. Figure-7 Opercularia sp. 
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Figure-8 Prorodon sp Figure-9 Vorticella sp. ROTIFERA Figure-10 Branchionus caudatus Figure-11 Branchionus calyciflorus Figure-12 Haxarthra sp. Figure-13 Keratella sp. 
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Figure-14 Monostyla sp. Figure-15 Notholca sp. COPEPODA Figure-16 Cyclops sp Figure-17 Mesocyclops sp. Figure-18 Macrocyclops sp. Figure-19 Pseudodiaptomus sp. 
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Figure-20 Nauplii sp. CLADOCERA Figure-21 Bomina sp Figure-22 Daphnia sp Figure-23Monia sp Figure-24 Leydigia sp. Conclusion  Zooplankton diversity of Barwani tank is higher in comparison to running water body link river Narmada. Where only 21 genera of Zooplankton occur. Zooplanktons are economically important large group of tiny animal. The role of planktonic organism in aquatic environment is an essential link in food chain. References1.Goswami S.C., Zooplankton: Food for fishes, In know our shores: Goa, (Ed: A. G. UNtawale) Publ.WWF, India, 75-82 (2004)2.Thirupathaiah M., Sravanthy Ch and Sammaiah C., Diversity of Zooplankton in Lower Karimnagar AP, India, International research Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(7)27-32 (2012) 
Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences ________________________________________ ISSN 2320 – 6535  Vol. 1(3), 7-13, April (2013)                    Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci.   International Science Congress Association 
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3.Welch,Limnological methods: McGraw Hill Book Co. New York,199 (1953)4.LindO.T., Handbook of common methods in limnology, The C.V. Mosby Co. 2nd Ed. St. Louis, Missouri (1979) 5.Adoni A.D., Work book on limnology. Pratibha Publishers C-10 Gour Nagar, Sagar-470003, 191-195 (1985)6.Apha, Awwa and WPCF, Standard methods for examination of water and west water, 16th Ed.,American Public Health Assoc. Washington, D.C. (1985)7.Needham M. and Needham R., A guide to study of fresh water biology Holden day, San Francisco, 180 (1962) 8.Edmondson W.T., Population dynamics and secondary production, Ergeb. Limnol.,, 56-64 (1971)9.Battish S.K., Fresh water zooplankton of India. Oxford and IBH publishing Co. pvt.ltd, Calcutta, 61-66 (1992)10.Biswas S.P. and Boruah S.,Fisheries ecology of the northeastern Himalayas with special reference to the Brahmaputra river, Ecol. Eng., 16(1), 39-50 (2000)  11.Patil H.S. and Karikal S.M., Zooplankton diversity of Bhutnal reservoir at Bijapur- Karnataka state, In water quality Assessment, Biomonitoring and zooplankton diversity, (Ed.) B.K. Sharma, 236-249 (2001)12.Sunkad B.N., Diversity of zooplankton in Rakasokappa reservoir of Belgium, North Karnataka, Ecology of plankton, 147-152 (2004)  13.Gaikwad S.R. and Thorat S.R. and Chavan T.P.,Diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton with respect to pollution status of river Tapti north Maharashtra region, Ecology of plankton, 61-66 (2004)14.Sutrakar  R.C. and Singh B.S., Physico-chemical study of river at Amarkantak with Reference to Zooplankton as bio-indicatior. Thesis Pandit Shambhunath Shukla Govt. P.G. College Shadol (M.P.) India, 1-193 (2007)15.Okogwu I.O., Seasonal variation of species composition and abundance of zooplankton in Eboma  Lake, Floodplain Lake in Nigeria, Rev. Biol. Trop., 58(1), 171-182 (2010)16.Kadam S.S. and Tiwari L.R.,Zooplankton composition in Dahanu Creek-West Coast of India, Research  Journal of Recent sciences, 1(5), 62-65 (2012)17.Somani Vaishali, Quadros Goldin and Pejaver Madhuri. K., occurrence of Rotifers and its Relation to the water Quality during the Bioremediation processin Lake Kacharali, Thane, MS, India, ISCA Journal of Biology Science 1(3), 54-58 (2012)18.Goswami A.P. and Mankodi P.C., Study on Zooplankton of Fresh water Reservoir Nyari- II Rajkot District, Gujarat, India, ISCA JBiological Sciences,1(1), 30-34 (2012)19.Chaurasia, S.,Seasonal fluctuation of zooplankton in Burha tank water, Raipur, Int.J. Envt. andProt.16(2), 140-142(1996) 20.Mahor R.K., Diversity and seasonal fluctuation of zooplankton in fresh water reservoir Tighra Gwalior (M.P.), International Research Journal, 2(19), 24-25 (2011)