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Biodegradation of crude oil using efficient biosurfactant producing microorganisms

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Author Affiliations

  • 1School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamilnadu, India
  • 2School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamilnadu, India

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 7, Issue (9), Pages 1-6, September,2 (2018)

Abstract

Pollution of sea by crude oil caused by stranding of tankers is one of the urgent and serious environment issues over the world. Biosurfactant are formed as extracellular compounds or localized on cell surface of microorganisms. Therefore in the present study focus of attention was given with the foresight of using biosurfactant as a promising tool to emulsify the polluted oils prior to biodegradation. When microbes grow in hydrocarbon contaminated site it undergoes may adaptations. It influences the uptake of hydrocarbon as substrate. Crude biosurfactant helps the biodegradation of hydrocarbon using biosurfactnat producing bacteria to gain better access to their hydrophobic substrates since it bring reduction of surface tension of the marine ecosystem around the bacterium. In the present study, crude oil degradation with mineral salt medium (MSM) the Infrared spectrum of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis and control which produce biosurfactant was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The result on bacterial cell growth in all the experiments revealed that biosurfactant producing bacterial cells utilized crude oil as the carbon and energy source which was evident from cell growth observed with experimental Set up exhibited by extraction of crude oil revealed 81.4%, 85.6%, 77.2% and 68.3% of crude oil biodegradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, standard and control. Synthetic biosurfactant as standard n-hexane revealed 88.6% during biodegradation of crude oil and complete absence of microorganisms served as control Set exhibited 12% respectively.

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