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Correlation of Serum levels of Reduced Glutathione and Glutathione dependent Enzymes with Cytochrome c after 1st cycle of adjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer

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Author Affiliations

  • 1.Department of Biochemistry, B. J. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 4, Issue (2), Pages 55-60, February,2 (2015)

Abstract

Several studies have shown that cytotoxic drugs used in chemotherapy causes apoptosis induction in cancerous cells by producing reactive oxygen species. The antioxidants neutralize these highly reactive free radicals and may confer resistance to chemotherapy induced apoptosis. There is very limited data on the serum antioxidants and their relationship with apoptosis markers in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. To measure serum levels of cytochrome c and antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and to find out correlation between them in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. Histopathologically confirmed 60 breast cancer patients were included in the present study. 30 healthy controls were selected for comparison. Blood samples were collected from healthy controls and post-operative breast cancer patients before and after chemotherapy. Serum reduced glutathione and glutathione-s-transferase were measured by spectrophotometric methods and serum glutathione peroxidase and cytochrome c by ELISA. The serum levels of reduced glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly decreased (P<0.0001) where as serum level of cytochrome c was significantly increased (P<0.0001) after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients as compare to levels before chemotherapy. A significant inverse correlation was found between serum levels of these antioxidants and cytochrome c after chemotherapy. Our data suggests that, administration of chemotherapeutic drugs causes decreased levels of antioxidants such as GSH, GST and GPx, which may be due to counterbalance of oxidative stress. The increased level of apoptotic marker, cytochrome c might be associated with depletion of these antioxidants after chemotherapy. The elevated serum cytochrome c after chemotherapy indicates therapy induced cell death burden and evaluation of its level may help clinicians to predict effectiveness of chemotherapy.

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