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Evaluation of spatio-temporal variation in water quality parameters of river ecosystem in tropical climate using multivariate statistical techniques

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
  • 2Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 11, Issue (1), Pages 13-19, January,2 (2022)

Abstract

River water quality is an essential issue in several nations due to its utility for drinking, wildlife and industries. Therefore, it is a great need to analyze the river water quality parameters (RWQPs) to describe the spatio-temporal variability of the river ecosystem. Hence, the river water quality status was investigated using multivariate statistical techniques, i.e., analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA), at different locations on the river Damodar. In this study, river water samples were gathered temporally from fifteen sampling locations to analyze the twelve RWQPs: biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chlorides (Cl-), electrical conductivity (EC), fluorides (F-), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), dissolved oxygen (DO),nitrates (NO3-), potential of hydrogen (pH), sulphates (SO42-), total coliform (TC), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The present study revealed the significant (p<0.05) spatio-temporal variations in RWQPs and distinguished the source of that variation in river ecosystems. The water quality of the Damodar river exposed an increasing trend in pre-monsoon compared to monsoon and post-monsoon periods on account of the dilution effect in the monsoon and its enduring impact in the post-monsoon period.

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