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The proximate and anti-nutrients compositions of eleven rice cultivars sampled in South-Western Nigeria

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 11, Issue (1), Pages 1-12, January,2 (2022)

Abstract

Rice is one the most common staple food in the world. The rate of consumption increases greatly every year. In Nigeria about 6.4million tonnes of rice was consumed in the 2017. This is less than the total rice produced in Nigeria (3.7million tonnes). Rice has nutritional and anti nutritional components. In this study, eleven cultivars of locally grown rice in South-western Nigeria were collected and studied for proximate and anti-nutrients composition. The various local rice cultivars collected were analyzed for nutritional and anti-nutritional purpose. The moisture content (MC) ranged from 9.49% in Papalantoro rice (FARO 63) to 3.03% in Obafemi Owode rice (FARO 63). The crude protein (CP) contents ranged from 3.10% in Akure sunshine (FARO 44) to 7.33% in Ifo (FARO 62). Koka (FARO 52), Ijero (FARO 44) and Igbimo (FARO 58). Igbemo rice (FARO 58) has the highest Ash content (3.3%), this is significant different from Aisegba (NERICA 7), Ijero (FARO44) and Akure Sunshine rice (FARO 44) (0.45%, 0.8% and 0.35% respectively). The Crude fat ranged from 0.80% in Obafemi Owode (FARO 63) to 18.54% in Koka (FARO 52). The value also was significantly different from Koka (FARO 52). The Carbohydrate content ranged from 65.76% in Koka to 82.46% in Bodija. Anti-nutrients varies in all the cultivars, Alkaloid ranged from 9.98mg/g in Akure sunshine to 33.25mg/g in Ifo. The phenol ranged from 0.86mg/g in Akure sunshine to 3.69mg/g in Bodija. The phytate ranged from 6.33mg/g in Erinoke to 14.42mg/g in Ifo. Bodija rice has the highest flavonoid content 0.16mg/g; this is different statistically from samples collected at other study areas. The rice samples collected from Igbemo, Aisegba, Oko and Akure sunshine has the least flavonoid content (0.01mg/g), this is not significantly different from rice samples collected from Ifo (0.02mg/g). The saponin ranged from 49.27 in Erinoke to 61.73mg/g in Papalantoro. The saponin content from Igbemo (56.55mg/g), Aisegba (58.36mg/g), Ijero (55.64mg/g), Koka (57.64mg/g) and Bodija (56.27mg/g) are not significantly different. Igbemo rice has the highest Tannin content with 1.44mg/g; this is not statistically different from rice samples collected from Oko (1.33mg/g), Akure sunshine (1.28mg/g), Ifo (1.20mg/g) and Papalantoro (1.20mg/g) while least in Tannin content was observed in Koka rice (0.56mg/g). These results could be of immense benefit to rice consumers in making choice among the cultivars for health reasons.

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