International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Isolation and Characterization of Various Fungal Strains from Agricultural Soil Contaminated with Pesticides

    ,

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa - 125 055, INDIA

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 1, Issue (ISC-2011), Pages 297-303, (2012)

Abstract

Twenty three soil samples were characterized for the incidence of fungal strains from pesticides contaminated agricultural soils. A total of 59 fungal strains were isolated and 33 fungi were characterized using various isolation and identification methods. Soil samples were also characterized for physiochemical properties. The isolated fungal strains were successfully identified belonging to the phylum ascomycota (7 genera), deuteromycota (2) and zygomycota (1). Alternaria, Aspergillus, Drechslera and Fusarium were predominant genera. Curvularia, Exserohilum, Humicola, Rhizopus and Torula were the most frequently isolated genera. Rests of the strains were not identified owing to the lack of sporulating structures under presently used in cubation conditions. Such strains were designated as Mycelia sterilia. Further, these species will be used inbiodegradation of commonly used pesticides.

References

  1. Agnihotri N.P., Pesticide: Safety Evaluation andMonitoring. All India coordinated Project (AICRP) onPesticide Residues, Indian Agricultural ResearchInstitute, New Delhi, India, 132–142 (1999)
  2. Rao D.M.R. and Murty A.S., Persistence of endosulfanin soils, J. Agri. Food Chem., 28, 1099–1101 (1980)
  3. Sethunathan N., Megharaj M., Chen Z., Singh N.,Kookana R.S. and Naidu R., Persistance of endosulfanand endosulfan sulfate in soil as affected by moistureregime and organic matter addition, Bull. Environ.Conta. Toxicol., 68, 725–731 (2002)
  4. Witter J.V., Robinson D.E., Mansingh A. and DalipK.M., Insecticide contamination of Jamaicanenvironment V. Island-wide Rapid survey of residues insurface and ground water, Environ. Monitor. Assess.,56, 257–267 (1999)
  5. Chusaksri S. Sutthivaiyakit S. and Sutthivaiyakit P., Confirmatory Determination of organochlorinepesticides in surface waters using LC/ APCI/ tandemmass spectrometry, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 384, 1236–1245 (2006)
  6. Hernandez-Rodriguez D., Sanchez J.E., Nieto M.G. andMarquez-Rocha F.J., Degradation of endosulfan duringsubstrate preparation and cultivation of Pleurotuspulmonarius, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., Online:doi: 10.1007/s11274-005-9102-4 (2006)
  7. Marzio W.D., Saenz E., Alberdi J., Tortorelli M.,Nannini P. and Ambrini G., Bioaccumulation ofendosulfan from contaminated sediment by Vallisneriaspiralis, Bull. Environ. Conta. Toxicol., 74, 637–644(2005)
  8. DeLorenzo M.E. Taylor L.A. Lund S.A. PenningtonP.L. Strozier E.D. and Fulton M.H., Toxicity andbioconcentration potential of the agricultural pesticideendosulfan in phytoplankton and zooplankton, ArchivesEnviron. Conta. Toxicol., 42, 173–181 (2002)
  9. Ramaneswari K. and Rao L.M., Bioconcentration ofendosulfan and monocrotophos by Labeo rohita andChanna punctate, Bull. Environ. Conta. Toxicol., 65,618–622 (2000)
  10. Kumari B., Singh J., Singh S. and Kathpal T.S., Monitoring of butter and ghee (Clarified Butter Fat) forpesticidal contamination form Cotton belt of Haryana, India, Environ. Monitor. Assess., 105, 111–120 (2005)
  11. Agnihotri B.P. Sinha A.P. and Kishan S., Influence ofinsecticides on soil micro-organisms and their biochemicalactivity, Pesticides, 15(9), 16-24 (1981)
  12. Field J.A., De Jong E., Feijoo-Costa G. and De BontJ.A.M., Screening for ligninolytic fungi applicable tothe biodegradation of xenobiotics, Trends Biotechnol.,11, 44–48 (1993)
  13. Kirk T.K. and Farrell R.L., Enzymatic combustion: themicrobial degradation of lignin, Ann. Rev. Microbiol.,41, 465-505 (1987)
  14. Hatakka A., Biodegradation of lignin, In: SteinbüchelA. (ed.) Biopolymers. Vol 1: Hofrichter M., SteinbüchelA. (eds.) Lignin, Humic Substances and Coal. WileyVCH,Germany, 129-180 (2001)
  15. Jackson M.L., Soil Chemical analysis, Prentice Hall ofIndia, Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 498 (1967)
  16. Walkley A., and Black I.A., An examination of theDegtjareff method for determining organic carbon insoils: Effect of variations in digestion conditions and ofinorganic soil constituents, Soil Sci., 63, 251-263 (1934)
  17. Moodie C.D., Smith H.W. and McCreery R.A., Laboratory Manual for Soil Fertility, Washington StateCollege, Mimeograph, USA (1959)
  18. Apinis A.E., Occurrence of thermophilous micro fungiin certain allvial soils near Nottingham Nova Hedwigia, Zeitschr, Kryptogamenk. 5, 57-78 (1963)
  19. Ottow J.C.G., Rose Bengal as a selective aid in theisolation of fungi and actinomycetes from rationalsources, Mycologia, 64 (2), 304-315 (1972)
  20. Gilman J.C., A manual of soil fungi, Revised 2ndedition, Oxford and IBH publishing Co. (1944)
  21. Barnett H.L. and Hunter B.B., Illustrated genera ofImperfect Fungi, Burgress Publishing Company,Minneapolis, Minnesota, (1972)
  22. Ellis M.B., Dermatacious Hyphomycetes,Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey,UK, (1976)
  23. Domsch K.H. Gams W. and Anderson T.H., Compendium of soil fungi, Academic press, Asubsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, publisher,(1980)
  24. Kushaldas M.B., Eco-physiological studies onthermophilic fungi from diverse habitats in vidarbharegion, Ph.D. Thesis, Nagpur University (2009)
  25. Seth P.K. and Singh A.K., Degradation of Malathion bymicroorganisms isolated from industrial effluents, Bull.Environ. Conta. Toxicol., 43, 28-35 (1989)
  26. Hussain S., Arshad M., Saleem M. and Zahir Z.A., Screening of soil fungi for in vitro degradation ofendosulfan, World J. Microbiol Biotechnol., 23, 939-945 (2007)
  27. Romero M.C., Urrutia M.I., Reinoso E.H. and KiernanA.J., Wild soil fungi able to degrade the herbicideisoproturon, Revista Maxicana De Micologia., 29, 1-7(2009)
  28. Das S.S.M. and Anitha S., Mycoremediatio ofmoocrotophos, International J Pharma Bio Sci., 2(1),337-342 (2011)
  29. Frazar C., The bioremediation and phytoremediation ofpesticide contaminated sites, national network ofenvironmental studies (NNEMS) fellow, WashingtonDC (2000)