International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Physico-chemical parameters of activated carbon produced from temple waste flowers

    ,

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Jansons Institute of Technology, Tamilnadu, India
  • 2Department of Chemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Tamilnadu, India

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 7, Issue (6), Pages 1-5, June,18 (2017)

Abstract

The aim of this research work is to produce activated carbon from temple waste flowers by direct pyrolysis process. The product was analyzed based on the following characteristics study includes pH, conductivity, moisture content, ash content, volatile content, mater soluble in water, mater soluble in 0.25 M HCl, bulk density, specific gravity, porosity, methylene blue number, iodine number, fixed carbon, yield and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (SBET). The activated carbon prepared from the temple waste flowers (TWF) were softened and good porosity, which was verified by Field emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FeSEM). The elements and percentage of activated carbon in waste flowers were detected by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). From the analysis, it is concluded that direct pyrolysis process was best method to produce activated carbon from temple waste flowers for the present investigation due to higher surface area, low moisture content, low ash content and better yield.

References

  1. Sivakumar P. and Palanisamy P.N. (2010)., Mechanistic study of dye adsorption on to a novel non-conventional low-cost adsorbent., Adv. Appl. Sci. Res., 1(1), 58-65.
  2. Lartey R.B. and Acqual F. (1999)., Developing national capability for manufacture of activated carbon from agricultural wastes., Ghana Engineer.
  3. Okieimen F.E., Okiemen C.O. and Wuana R.A. (2007)., Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from rice husks., J. Chem. Soc., 32, 126-136.
  4. Tarawou T., Horsfall M. and Vicente J.L. (2007)., Adsorption of methyl red by water hyacinth (eichornia crassipes)., Biomass Chemistry & Biodiversity, 4(9), 2236- 2245.
  5. Ekpete O.A., Horsfall M. Jnr. and Tarawou T. (2010)., Potentials of fluted and commercial activated carbons for phenol removal in aqueous solution. ARPN., Journal of Engineering and applied sciences, 5, 39-47.
  6. Tsai W.T., Chang C.Y. and Lee S.L. (1997)., Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from corn cob., Carbon, 35, 1198-1200.
  7. Hu Z. and Srinivasan M.P. (1999)., Preparation of high-surface-area activated carbons from coconut shell., Micropor Mesopor Mater, 27, 11-18.
  8. Daud WMAW, Ali WSW and Suleiman M.Z. (2000)., The effects of carbonization temperature on pore development in palm-shell-based activated carbon., Carbon, 38, 1925-1932.
  9. Sua´rez-Garcı´a F., Martı´nez-Alonso A. and Tascon J. M.D. (2002)., Pyrolysis of apple pulp: chemical activation with phosphoric acid., J. Analy. Appl. Pyrol., 63(2), 283-301.
  10. Hayashi J., Kazehaya A., Muroyama K. and Watkinson A.P. (2000)., Preparation of activated carbon from lignin by chemical activation., Carbon, 38(13), 1873-1878.
  11. Diao Y., Walawender W.P. and Fan L.T. (2002)., Activated carbons prepared from phosphoric acid activation of grain sorghum., Biores. Technol., 81, 45-52.
  12. Lua A.C., Yang T. and Guo J. (2004)., Effects of pyrolysis conditions on the properties of activated carbons prepared from pistachio-nut shells., J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 72(2), 279-287.
  13. Senthilkumaar S., Varadarajan P.R., Porkodi K. and Subbhuraam C.V. (2005)., Adsorption of methylene blue onto jute fiber carbon: kinetics and equilibrium studies., J. Coll. Interface Sci., 284, 78-82.
  14. Martinez J., Norland S., Thingstad T.F., Schroeder D.C., Bratbak G., Wilson W. and Larsen A. (2006)., Variability in microbial population dynamics between similarly perturbed mesocosms., J. Plankton Res., 28(8), 783-791.
  15. Lillo-Rodensas M.A., Carzrola-Ameros D. and Linares-Solano A. (2003)., Chemical reactions between carbons and NaOH and KOH -an insight into chemical activation mechanisms., Carbon, 41(2), 267-275.
  16. Ash B., Satapathy D., Mukherjee P.S., Nanda B., Gumaste J.L. and Mishra B.K. (2006)., Characterization and application of activated carbon prepared from coir pith., J. Sci. Ind. Res., 65, 1008-1012.
  17. Gurses A., Dogar C., Karaca S., Acikyildiz M. and Bayrak R. (2006)., Production of granular activated carbon from waste Rosa canina sp. seeds and its adsorption characteristics for dye., J. Hazar. Mater., B131, 254-259.
  18. Suzuki R.M., Andrade A.D., Sousa J.C. and Rollemberg M.C. (2007)., Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from rice bran., Biores. Technol., 98(10), 1985-1991.
  19. Ozgul G., Ozcan A., Ozcan A.S. and Gercel H.F. (2007)., Preparation of activated carbon from a renewable bio-plant of Euphorbia rigida by H2SO4 activation and its adsorption behavior in aqueous solutions., J. Appl. Surf. Sci., 253(11), 4843-4852.
  20. Tan I.A.W., Hameed B.H. and Ahmad A.L. (2007)., Equilibrium and kinetic studies on basic dye adsorption by oil palm fibre activated carbon., Chem. Eng. J., 127, 111-119.
  21. Hameed B.H. and Daud F.B.M. (2008)., Adsorption studies of basic dye on activated carbon derived from agricultural waste: Hevea brasiliensis seed coat., J. Chem. Eng, 139, 48-55.
  22. Deng H., Yangb L., Taoa G. and Daia J. (2009)., Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from cotton stalk by microwave assisted chemical activation-Application in methylene blue adsorption from aqueous solution., J. Hazar. Mater., 166(2-3), 1514-1521.
  23. Ho Y.S., Malarvizhi R. and Sulochana N. (2009)., Equilibrium Isotherm Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption Activated Carbon Prepared from Delonix regia Pods., J. Envi. Prpte. Scin., 3, 111-116.
  24. Jadhav A.R., Chitanand M.P. and Shete H.G. (2013)., Flower Waste Degradation Using Microbial Consortium., Journal of Agriculture, 3(5), 1-4.
  25. American Society for Testing Materials, (1980)., Standard test method for Determination of Iodine Number of Activated Carbon., ASTM, D4607-94.
  26. Brunauer S., Emmett P.H. and Teller E. (1938)., Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 60, 309-319.
  27. Hauge S.M. and Willaman J.J. (1927)., Effect of pH on Adsorption by Carbons., Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(8), 943-953.
  28. Ahmedna M., Marshall W.E. and Rao R.M. (2000)., Granular activated carbons from agricultural by –products: preparation properties and application in cane sugar refining., Bulletin of Louisana state University Agricultural centre, 54.
  29. American Water Works Association, (1991). Standards for granular activated carbons, American Water Works Association. Denver Co., ANSI/AWWA, B604-90., undefined, undefined