International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Determination of Thermodynamic Functions for Ion Association of Hippuric Acid in 20% Aqueous Ethanol

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 6, Issue (2), Pages 15-22, February,18 (2016)

Abstract

Track conductivity of Hippuric acid in the range of low concentrations in 20% aqueous ethanol at (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K. Then processing the experimental results by Lee-Wheaton model to determining some functions of electrolytic conductivity as: sum of activity coefficient "∑∱±", sum of degree of dissociation "∑α", sum of calculated value of equivalent conductivity "∑∧caleq", equivalent conductivity at infinite dilution "∧oeq" and association constant "KA". Moreover, standard thermodynamic parameters of association (standard value of the change in: Gibbs free energy "ΔGoA", Enthalpy "ΔHoA", and Entropy "ΔSoA") for the acid.

References

  1. Al-Bashar M.N. (2016), Determination of ConductivityFunctions and Thermodynamic Functions of HippuricAcid in Alcohol-Water Mixtures (Unpublished Masterdissertation), University of Mosul, Mosul.
  2. Ko Y., Heo K.H., Ko K.S., Lee M.Y., and Kim K.W.(2001), The Effects of Long-Term, Low-Level Exposureto Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Worker, Safety and Health Research Institute,2(4), 365–374.
  3. Wilbur Johnson Jr. (2011), Amended Final SafetyAssessment of Benzyl Alcohol and Benzoic Acid and itsSalts and Benzyl Ester, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, pp4, 5.
  4. Chambers C.M., Dubakiene R., Grimalt R., JazwiecKanyion B., Kapoulas V., Lidén C., Marty J.P., RastogiJ.P., Rastogi S.C., Revuz J., Sanner T. and White I.R.(2005), Benzoic Acid and Sodium Benzoate, EuropeanCommission, SCCP/0891/05, 22.
  5. Dippy J.F.J., Evans D.P., Gorden J.J., Lewis R.H. andWatson H.B. (1937). 292, Studies of the ortho-effect.Part I. The influence of substituents in the ortho-positionupon the chemical characters of carboxylic acids andtheir derivatives, J. Chem. Soc., 1421-1425.
  6. Margaret Robson Wright (2007), An Introduction toAqueous Electrolyte Solutions, John Wiley and Sons,England, pp 1-151. ISBN: 978-0-470-84294-2.
  7. H. Landolt and R. Bornstein (2008), Numerical Data andFunctional Relationships in Science and Technology, Springer, Berlin, Chap. 3, Vol. IV, ISBN: 978-3-540-75505-0.
  8. Nikumbh A. and Kulkarni G. (2013), Density andViscosity Study of Binary Mixtures of Ethanol -Water atDifferent Temperatures, Science Journal of Pure andApplied Chemistry, ISSN: 2276-6308, Article ID sjpac-196, 13 Pages, doi: 10.7237/sjpac/196.
  9. Akerlof G. (1932), Dielectric Constants of Some OrganicSolvent-Water Mixtures at Various Temperatures, J. Am.Chem. Soc., 54(11), 4125-4139.
  10. Naokazu K. and Tetsuya H. (1955), Dielectric Constantsof Some Alcohols at Low Frequencies, Kyoto UniversityResearch, 33(1), 14-20.
  11. Wensink E.J.W., Hoffmann A.C., van Maaren P.J. andvan der Spoel D. (2003), Dynamic properties ofwater/alcohol mixtures studied by computer simulation, J. Chem. Phys., 119(14), 7308-7317.
  12. Gonzalez B., Calvar N., Gomez E. and Dom? nguez A.(1955), Density, dynamic viscosity, and derivedproperties of binary mixtures of methanol or ethanol withwater, ethyl acetate, and methyl acetate at T = (293.15,298.15, and 303.15) K. J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 39,1578-1588.
  13. Aghaie M., Aghaie H. and Ebrahimi A. (1955), Thermodynamics of the solubility of barium nitrate in themixed solvent, ethanol+water, and the related ionassociation.Journal of Molecular Liquids, 135, 72–74.
  14. Ajaya B. and Kumar S.S. (2011), Effects ofConcentration and Relative Permittivity on the TransportProperties of Sodium Chloride in Pure water andEthanol-Water Mixed Solvent Media, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,1(6), 48-52.
  15. Lee W.H. and Wheaton R.J. (1978), Conductance ofSymmetrical, Unsymmetrical and Mixed ElectrolytesPart 2.-Hydrodynamic Terms and Complete ConductanceEquation, J. Chem. Soc., 2(74), 1456-1482.
  16. Lee W.H. and Wheaton R.J. (1979), Conductance ofSymmetrical, Unsymmetrical and Mixed ElectrolytesPart 3.-Examination of New Model and Analysis of Datafor Symmetrical Electrolytes, J. Chem. Soc., 2(75), 1128-1145.
  17. Dawod A.M. (1996), An Application of the Lee-WheatonConductance Equation to signal and Mixed Electrolytes(Unpublished doctoral dissertation), University of Mosul,Mosul.
  18. Lee W.H. and Wheaton R.J. (1979), Conductance ofSymmetrical, Unsymmetrical and Mixed ElectrolytesPart 1.-Relaxation Terms, J. Chem. Soc., 2(74), 743.
  19. Justice J.C. (1971), An interpretation for the distanceparameter of the Fuoss-Onsager conductance equation inthe case of ionic association, Electrochimica Acta, 16(6),701–712.
  20. Robert G. Mortimer (2008). Physical Chemistry, ThirdEd., Elsevier Inc., Burlington, USA, pp 1-1405, ISBN:978-0-12-370617-1
  21. Kubota E., Mochizuki Y. and Masatoki Y. (1979), Conductivity of Iron(II) Sulfate in Aqueous Solution atVarious Temperatures, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 61(10),3723-3724.