Research Journal of Chemical Sciences ______________________________________________ ISSN 2231-606X Vol. 3(8), 83-85, August (2013) Res. J. Chem. Sci. International Science Congress Association 83 Short Communication Physico-Chemical Analysis of Drinking Ground Water in Varangaon Region, Dist Jalgaon, Maharashtra, IndiaMote Sudhakar P.1* and Mahajan Hemant A.Dept. of Chemistry, Shri J.J.T. University, Rajasthan, INDIA Dept. of Chemistry, Smt. G.G.K Science College, Muktainagar, INDIAAvailable online at: www.isca.in Received 20th June 2013, revised 1st August 2013, accepted 15th August 2013Abstract The open well water quality in Varangaon region was assess for the effect on the water quality which is used in domestic as well as agricultural purposes. The open well samples were collected from the five wells around this region. The physico-chemical parameters such that colour, odour, temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, chloride, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand were analysed and to know monsoon status in this region of water quality. Drinking water quality of premonsoon season was better than post monsoon season, one samples were slightly alkaline along with high dissolved solids. Keywords: Drinking water standards, water quality, ground water, physico-chemical parameters. Introduction Water is one of the abundantly available substances in nature; It is an essential constituents of all animals and vegetables matter and forms about 75% of the matter of earth crust. Water is mostly used for industrial and municipal purposes in this area open well water is used only for agricultural as well as drinking purposes. Today human activities are constantly adding industrial, domestic and agricultural waste to ground water reservoirs at an alarming rate. Ground water contamination is generally in irreversible i.e. once it is contaminated it is difficult to restore the original water quality of the aquifer. Excessive mineralization of ground water degrades water quality producing an objectionable taste, odor and excessive hardness. It is always better to protect ground water first rather than recycling on technology to clean up water from contaminated source4,5. Polluted ground water is the major cause for the spread of epidemics and chronic diseases of man. It causes typhoid, jaundice, dysentery, diarrhea, tuberculosis and hepatitis6-8. The use of polluted ground water for irrigation purposes severely damages crop and decreases grain production. Study area: The Varangaon area lies between latitudes 30\r19’28” and longitudes. 38\r28’35”. Thermal Power Station (Deepnagar), Ordnance factory varangaon, Milk plant, ash pond is situated in this region. The ground water quality of the study area is adversely affected by ash water by thermal power station. Increased population and improper drainage system have potential to influence the ground water quality. Sample Collection: The sample collection consist of well in rural area, ground water samples collected from five (5) well at various locations within study area during pre and post monsoon season. Details of sampling location are as follows. Samples were collected in plastic container to avoid unpredictable changes in characteristics at 8 am to 11am as per standard procedure. Drinking water samples in the study area are as follows: S1- Nageshwar temple well, S2- Vilhala village well (Near to ash pond), S3- Susari village, S4- near Achegaon village, S5- Renuka mata Temple. Material and Methods The collected samples were analysed for different physico-chemical parameters such as temp, colour, odour, pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, DO, COD, BOD, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium hardness and chloride as per the standard methods. And the results were compared with the Indian standard for potable water. Results and DiscussionThe water quality of different ground water samples have been carried out for temp, pH, Electrical conductivity, Total Research Journal of Chemical Sciences ___________________________________________________________ ISSN 2231-606XVol. 3(8), 83-85, August (2013) Res. J. Chem. Sci. International Science Congress Association 84 dissolved solids, Total hardness, total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, chlorides dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand, The status of water quality of these ground water sources are presented in table5,9. The pH of ground water samples varied between 6.8 to 7.3 and 7.1 to 7.6 during pre and post monsoon season respectively. The pH value of vilhala village well water was found to be 7.6 which is higher in all the samples6,13. Electrical conductivity varied between 260 to 477 and 340 to 514 µmho/cm. in pre and post monsoon season respectively. The same trend was observed in case of TH of various ground water sources. If varied from 54 to 98 and 110 to 198 mg/l pre and post monsoon season respectively8,9. Total dissolved solids ranges between 250 to 310 and 270 to 380 mg/l pre and post monsoon season respectively. Value is slightly higher in post monsoon than pre monsoon season10. The total hardness of sample vilhala village is moderately hard11. The calcium ranges 21 to 84 mg/l and 118 to 240 mg/l in pre and post monsoon season respectively12, magnesium ranges 30 to 50.8 and 132 to 140 mg/l pre and post monsoon season respectively, chloride ranges 15 to 19.1 and 17.8 to 31.5 mg/l in pre and post monsoon season respectively13. Alkalinity ranges from 140 to 215 and 185 to 225 mg/l in pre and post monsoon season respectively14. Dissolved oxygen ranges from 3.14 to 4.15 and 4.28 to 5.39 mg/l pre and post monsoon season respectively, chemical oxygen demand 1.98 to 3.05 and 2.00 to 3.10 mg/l in pre and post monsoon season respectively, and biological oxygen demand varied from 0.4 to 1.2 and 2.8 to 4.5 mg/l in pre and post monsoon season respectively14. Table-1 samples pH Electrical conductivity(µmho/cm) Total hardness(mg/l) Temp \rc Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon S1 7.0 7.2 260 340 54 11 28 27.1 S2 6.9 7.6 477 514 98 198 28.1 27.2 S3 6.8 7.1 313 415 64 127 29.1 27.3 S4 7.2 7.6 379 486 78 128 28.3 28.1 S5 7.3 7.5 359 501 85 125 20.4 28.1 Sample TDS (mg/l) Ca ++ (mg/l) Mg ++ (mg/l) Chloride(mg/l) Alkalinity(mg/l) Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoonPre monsoon Post monsoon S1 250 270 47 198 50.8 133 15 20.1 210 220 S2 310 342 84 127.3 30 132 18 30.5 215 225 S3 260 281 64 228 35 140 19.1 31.5 140 185 S4 240 300 21 240 41 122 17.3 17.8 198 205 S5 301 380 82 221 38 137 15.4 18.4 148 201 Sample D O (mg/l) COD (mg/l) BOD (mg/l) Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon Pre monsoon Post monsoon S1 4.22 5.21 2.10 2.30 0.4 2.8 S2 3.14 4.28 3.05 3.10 0.6 3.7 S3 4.15 5.10 2.05 2.15 0.7 3.2 S4 3.89 5.15 1.98 2.00 1.1 4.5 S5 3.75 5.89 2.32 2.42 1.2 4.2 Table-2 Classification of ground water based on hardness Total hardness CCO Water class Sample Pre monsoon Post monsoon 75 Soft S1,S3 75-150 Moderately hard S2,S4,S5 S1,S3,S4,S5 150-300 Hard S2 Research Journal of Chemical Sciences ___________________________________________________________ ISSN 2231-606XVol. 3(8), 83-85, August (2013) Res. J. Chem. Sci. International Science Congress Association 85 Conclusion In general ground water quality of varangaon region in rural area of well water is not harmful to human being except near to ash pond vilhala village open well (S2) hardness is higher 200mg/l so hard water and sample S1,S3,S4, S5 are moderately hard S1,S3 in pre monsoon season are soft water this is due to the perculation of ash water from ash pond vilhala village. AcknowledgementThe author is thankful to principal, Head of the department and staff of chemistry, Art, Science and Commerce college varangaon Tal- Bhusawal Dist- jalgaon, Maharashtra India For providing all facilities for this research work. 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