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Preparation of Activated Carbon from Nipa Palm Nut: Influence of Preparation Conditions

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, NIGERIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 1, Issue (6), Pages 53-58, September,18 (2011)

Abstract

In this study, nipa palm nut (NPN) was used to prepare activated carbon for the removal of lead (11) from aqueous solution. Chemical activation method using phosphoric acid was employed. Full factorial design of experiment was used to correlate the preparation variables (activation temperature, activation time and acid impregnation ratio) to the lead uptake from aqueous solution. The optimum conditions for preparing activated carbon from NPN for Pb2+ adsorption were as follows: activation temperature of 5000C, activation time of 1hr and acid impregnation ratio of 1:2 (acid/precursor, wt basis) which resulted in 99.88% uptake of Pb2+ and 30.20% of activated carbon yield. The experimental results obtained agreed satisfactorily with the model predictions. The equilibrium data for adsorption of Pb2+ on the optimum activated carbon were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The results of adsorption studies showed that activated carbon produced from NPN is a very efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solutions.

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