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Intumescent flame retardant spirophosphates: pyrolysis-GC-MS studies

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Deparment of Chemistry, Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering & Technology, Vadapudupatti, Theni 625531, India
  • 2Formerly, Post graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College (Autonomous), Madurai 625009, India
  • 3Safety Engineering Division, Department of Atomic Energy, IGCAR, Kalpakkam 603102, India
  • 4Department of Polymer Technology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, S.P.G.C. Nagar, K.Vellakulam Post 625701, India

Res. J. Material Sci., Volume 8, Issue (1), Pages 1-11, February,16 (2020)

Abstract

Different spirophosphates containing phenol and substituted phenols are synthesized and their structures are characterized using FT-IR and 1H-NMR. Pyrolysis - Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) studies are made at two different temperatures (500 and 700°C) for constant time interval (5s) and the isothermal pyrolysis products are identified so as to understand the effect of the substituents present in the phenolic part on the thermal degradation of the spirophosphates. The main volatile products identified are methacrolein, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol and p-cresol. The amount of formation of phenol and substituted phenols from degrading spirophosphates are low, where as the amount of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons increase considerably when the samples are pyrolysed at higher temperature (700°C). The reactive spiro-[2,2]-pent-1,3-diene (spirodiene) and benzyne formed during the pyrolysis process may account for the formation of different volatile aromatic hydrocarbons. Based on these factors, the mechanism of intumescence of spirophosphates is presented and discussed.

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