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The physicochemical seasonal effect on the quality of well drinking water in Lake Chad Basin: Case study Mayo Tsanaga (Far North region of Cameroon)

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Hydraulic and Water Management, University of Maroua, Cameroon
  • 2Department of Climatology, Hydrology and Pedology, University of Maroua, Cameroon
  • 3Department of Hydraulic and Water Management, University of Maroua, Cameroon
  • 4Department of Agriculture, Livestock and by-products, University of Maroua, Cameroon
  • 5Department of Climatology, Hydrology and Pedology, University of Maroua, Cameroon
  • 6Department of Earth Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 5, Issue (10), Pages 51-60, October,22 (2016)

Abstract

The Mayo Tsanaga which is located in the far north region Cameroon, shares boundary with Lake Chad basin between 10 ° 30 \'and 10 ° 52\' north latitude and 13 ° 43 \'and 14 ° 37\' east longitude. The majority of the population there uses well water whose quality is unknown in the monsoon season, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season. This study was conducted to evaluate seasonal effect on the quality of water of these wells. The methodological approach was based on field work (monthly monitoring of water table, PH variations, temperature, electrical conductivity and redox potential) and those of the laboratory (using various techniques described by chemical studies). The results of chemical analysis shows that the seasonal effect is clearly perceptible for some items. For other items, the seasonal effect is not very noticeable. A third group of elements to which the seasonal effect is perceptible to some wells and not noticeable to others. There is changes of the anionic triangle chemical species and that of the diamond between the two seasons. The analysis of the correlation circle allows to differentiate: the factors positively correlated with and without seasonal effect; variables that are not correlated with and without seasonal effect; the elements are negative correlations with and without seasonal effect. The comparative study of the seasonal piezometry allowed to have the fluctuation of the water table for which changes can be low, medium or high.

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