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Evaluation of the Range of Heavy Metal concentration and its levels of Accumulation in the Fish Sample of River Savitri at Mahad-MIDC, MS, India

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Author Affiliations

  • 1*Department of Zoology, G.E. Society’s, Art’s, Commerce and Science College, Shriwardhan, Dist. Raigad, MS, INDIA
  • 2PG Department of Zoology, G.E. Society’s, HPT Arts and RYK Science College, Nasik- 5, MS, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 2, Issue (7), Pages 69-75, July,22 (2013)

Abstract

The use and dispersion of heavy metals has increased vastly during the 20th century and the behavior of metals in the aquatic environment is therefore a matter of rising concern. Metals like all elements are not biodegradable and it can be transformed from one chemical state to another state.The effect of heavy metals pollution and accumulation of heavy metals in the Fishes have been studied with the view to check its ill effects. Sampling method was used for the study. The Water samples of River Savitri, (Taluka-Mahad, District-Raigad, M.S.) were collected from pre-defined 11 sampling points, upstream and downstream. including Mahad MIDC region to check the range of metal pollutants. One of the sampling sites was selected in upstream region, far away from Mahad MIDC to check the existence of metal pollutants in the river water before its flow through Mahad MIDC area. The site where maximum concentration of all the pollutants was observed was considered as Potent site. 11 sites studied under the sample survey. The sampling site number 9 (Mahad MIDC) shows excessive range of heavy metals compared to other upstream site number 8 and further still lesser at site number 10 in the downstream area of river Savitri. Rest of the sites, under study show the upward stream area where heavy metal range is either within tolerable range or not detected. This shows that Mahad MIDC site number 9 is the Potent site for heavy metal contamination. Water samples in triplicates were collected from Potent site every month during study to heavy metals concentration. However fish samples were tested during July, January and March to check the accumulation level of heavy metals in different seasons. During the Monsoon season i.e. July to September, the heavy metals range are above normal range when compared with Standards.. The analytical study shows that the presence of heavy metals concentration are more in the month of July and further decreasing in the month of September indicating that the untreated industrial effluents are released directly in the River water or even after treatment of industrial effluents at CEPT plant, there exist elevated range of heavy metals in river water. and this itself suggest that there is some problem with the CEPT plant functioning. Fish samples were collected during three different seasons to check the concentration of heavy metals. The analysis have shown that fish samples also have heavy metal range above normal range. Heavy metals like Zinc, Iron are essential, even Fluoride is equally important, but analyses have shown that all these elements have accumulated in the fish body indicating a chance that the accumulated heavy metals can easily enter the Food chain. The results have been discussed in the Research Project.

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