International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Biodegradability Assessment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treated by Ozone

Author Affiliations

  • 1 Chemical Engg., Department, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain-456010, MP, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 2, Issue (4), Pages 21-25, April,22 (2013)

Abstract

Biodegradability improvement of untreated wastewater and chemically and/or biologically pretreated industrial wastewater has become popular recently because of stringent environmental regulations for safety. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) measures the biodegradability of wastewater but the extent of pollution can be better presented by considering the magnitude of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Thus, the ratio BOD/COD, which measures biodegradability, is used. The present study deals with the treatment of pharmaceutical industry wastewater by ozone. An attempt has been made to assess the biodegradability of the selected pharmaceutical wastewater sample. It was found that higher treatment time favored the enhancement of biodegradability of selected sample. It can be concluded that ozone treatment can improve biodegradability of pharmaceutical wastewater.

References

  1. Garrison A.W., Pope J.D., Allen F.R., GC/MS analysis of organic compounds in domestic wastewater, Identification and analysis of organic pollutants in water, ed. L.H. Keith, Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, MI, 517–566 (1976)
  2. Ternes T.A., Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers, Water Res., 32(11), 3245–3260 (1998)
  3. Kolpin D.W., Furlong E.T., Meyer M.T., Thurman E.M., Zaugg S.D., Barber L.B., Buxton H.T., Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in US streams, 1999–2000: a national reconnaissance, Enviro. Sc. Tech., 36, 1202–1211 (2002)
  4. Daughton C.G., Ternes T.A., Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: agents of subtle change?, Enviro. Health Perspectives, 107, 907–938 (1999)
  5. Schaar H., Clara M., Gans O., Kreuzinger N., Micropollutant removal during biological wastewater treatment and a subsequent ozonation step, Enviro. Pollu., 158, 1399–1404 (2010)
  6. Huber M.M., Canonica S., Park G.Y., Gunten U. von, Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during ozonation and advanced oxidation processes, Enviro. Sc. Techn., 37(5), 1016–1024 (2003)
  7. Scott J.P. and Ollis D.F., Integration of chemical and biological oxidation processes for water treatment: review and recommendations, Environ. Prog., 14, 88–103 (1995)
  8. Huber M.M., Gobel A., Joss A., Hermann N., Loffler D., McArdell C.S., Ried A., Siegrist H., Ternes T.A., Gunten U. von, Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during ozonation of municipal wastewater effluents: a pilot study, Enviro. Sc. Tech., 39, 4290–4299 (2005)
  9. Gupta S.K., Gupta S.K., Hung, Y-T., Treatment of pharmaceutical wastes, Waste treatment in the process industries, CRC Press (Taylor and Francis Group), 167–233 (2006)
  10. Upadhyay K. and Shrivastava J.K., Some studies on the use of ozonation process related to wastewater treatment, Pollution Research-Enviromedia Inter., 24 (3), 613–623 (2005)
  11. Jones O.A.H., Voulvoulis, N., Lester J.N., Human pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment processes, Critical Reviews in Enviro. Sc. and Tech., 35(4), 401–427 (2005)
  12. Rice R.G., Browning M.E., Ozone for industrial water and wastewater treatment, Current status of wastewater disinfections and treatment with ozone, Cincinnati, International ozone association, Vienna (1977)
  13. Gome A. and Upadhyay K., An overview of the treatment processes used for pharmaceutical industry wastewater, Pollution Research-Enviromedia Inter., 30 (4), 539–547 (2011)
  14. K¨ummerer K., Hartmann T.S. and Meyer M., Biodegradability of the anti-tumor agent ifosfamide and its occurrence in hospital effluents a communal sewage, Water Res., 31, 2705–2710 (1997)
  15. Balcioglu A.I., Otkar M., Pre-treatment of antibiotic formulation wastewater by O3, O3/H2O2, and O3/UV Processes, Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci., 28, 325–331 (2004)
  16. Zhou H., and Smith D.W., Advanced technologies in water and wastewater treatment, J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 1, 28, 247–264 (2002)
  17. Kulik N., Trapido M., Goi A., Veressinina Y., and Munter, R., Combined chemical treatment of pharmaceutical effluents from medical ointment production, Chemosphere, 70, 1525–1531 (2008)
  18. Balcioglu A.I., Otkar M., Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing antibiotics by O3 and O3/H2O2 processes, Chemosphere, 50, 85–95 (2003)
  19. Fisher P.M.J., Borland R., Gauging the pharmaceutical burden on Sydney’s environment: A preventative response, Journal of Cleaner Product, 11, 315–320 (2003)
  20. Dantas R.F., Ozonation of emerging contaminants, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Barcelona, (2005)
  21. Beltran F.J., Ozone reaction kinetics for water and wastewater systems, Lewis Publishers, CRC Press Company, (2004)
  22. APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 19th ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. (1995)
  23. Arslan-Alaton I. and Balcioglu A.K., Biodegradability assessment of ozonated raw and bio-treated pharmaceutical wastewater, Archives of Enviro. Contamination and Toxico., Springer, 43, 425–431 (2002)
  24. Ötker M., Balcıoğlu, A.I., Ozonation of enrofloxacin in solid and liquid phase. Presented at International Conference Ozone and UV, Wasser Berlin, 3rd April (2006)