@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Water in Nyaruzinga Wetland of Bushenyi District - Uganda<#LINE#>D.@Safari,G.@Mulongo,D.@Byarugaba,W.@Tumwesigye<#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-034.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biological Sciences, Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kyambogo, UGANDA @ Department of Chemistry, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, UGANDA @ Department of Biology, Mbarara University of Sci. andTech., P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, UGANDA @ Kitabi College of Conservation and Environmental Management P.O Box 330, Huye, RWANDA<#LINE#>02/9/2012<#LINE#>8/10/2012<#LINE#> The study presents an investigation into the effect of various human activities on the degradation and lowering of water quality in Nyaruzinga wetland which is located in Bushenyi district, South Western Uganda. Water samples were drawn from six different places (one town supply, one water reservoir) and four contaminated sources near the wetland. The results were compared to both national and WHO guidelines. The different parameters assessed included apparent colour (AC), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity (Tur), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), pH and microbial activity using E. coli as a standard test. Experimental methods were composed of complexometric titration, turbidimetry, pH direct meter reading, spectrophotometry and standard plate count, using membrane filter technique. Results obtained revealed that most of the parameters investigated were outside the range recommended by both national standard and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Such results were mainly attributed to fish farming and sewage discharge from the surrounding institutions.<#LINE#> @ @ Uganda National Wetland Policy. Conservation and Management of Wetland Resources (1995) @No $ @ @ Namakambo N., Kampala wetlands, National Wetlands Program, Ministry of Water, Lands and Environment, Uganda (2000) @No $ @ @ Hammer D.A. and Bastian R. K., Wetlands ecosystems; natural water purifiers. Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment: Municipal, Industrial and Agricultural: 5 (1989) @No $ @ @ Gaudet J.J., Uptake, accumulation of nutrients in tropical swamps, J. Ecol., 50, 415 (1977) @No $ @ @ Kansiime F., The role of Cyperus papyrus in purifying waste water in a segmented constructed wetland, MSc. Thesis, E.E 124., IHE Delft, The Netherlands (1993) @No $ @ @ Kansiime F. and Nalubega M., Waste water treatment by natural wetland: The Nakivubo swamp, Uganda, Processes and Implications, PhD Thesis, A.A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (1999) @No $ @ @ Okia T.O., A pilot study on Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetlands in Uganda. PhD Dissertation submitted to Wageningen University and UNESCO - IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft- The Netherlands (2000) @No $ @ @ Alvani S.M. and Dehdashti Z., Principals of Tourism, Economy and Planning, Deputy of IRMF, Tehran, 102 1994) @No $ @ @ Mason P., Tourism impacts, planning and management, Butterworth-Heinamann, Amsterdam, 57 (2003) @No $ @ @ Tong J., Moore S., Hockings M., Worboys G. and Bridle K., Developing indicators for the sustainable management of visitor use of protected areas in Australia, viewed 1 August 2009. Retreived from ww.crctourism.com.au/WMS/Upload/Resources/bookshop/Tonge- Visitor % 20 Use % 20PAs.pdf, 33 (2005) @No $ @ @ Oyoo R. and Arwata Bua G., Handout for basic water quality monitoring and analytical methods, 7 (2003) @No $ @ @ Welch, Determination of trophic relationships within a high marine food web using delta-13C and delta-15N analysis. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 84: 9 (1992) @No $ @ @ WHO. The World Health Organisation Report, Geneva, 1997) @No $ @ @ WHO. International Standards for Drinking Water, 29 1963)  @No $ @ @ Eruola A.O., Ufoegbune G.C., Eurola A.O., Awomeso J.A. and Abhulimen S.A., Assessment of Cadmium, Lead and Iron in Hand Dug Wells Of Ilaro And Aiyetoro, Ogun State, South-Westren Nigeria, Res. J. Chem. Sci., ), 1-5 (2011) @No $ @ @ Vaishnav V. M. and Dewangan S., Assessment of Water Quality Status in Reference to Statistical Parameters in Different Aquifiers of Balco Industrial area, Korba, C.G. India, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(9), 67-72 (2011) @No $ @ @ Matini L., Tathy C. and Moutou J. M., Seasonal Ground Water quality variation in Brazzaville, Congo, Res. J. Chem. Sci., ), 7-14 (2012) @No $ @ @ Course Manual for Chemists and Bacteriologist of PHED Laboratories under National Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme, Public Health Department, West Bengal (2010) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Water, Lands and Environment, Uganda. Draft Report on Mapping Wetlands in the Districts of Bushenyi, Ntungamo, Rukungiri, Kabale and Kisoro. Nat. Wetlands Cons.and Management Prog., Ministry of Water, Lands and Environment - Uganda, 6 (1999) @No 
<#LINE#>Adsorption of Citric Acid from Aqueous Solution onto Activated<#LINE#>F.Ahmad@Abeer, A.El-Chaghaby@Ghadir<#LINE#>7-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-008.pdf<#LINE#> Agricultural research center, Giza, EGYPT <#LINE#>10/7/2012<#LINE#>20/7/2012<#LINE#>  The removal of citric acid, an organic ligand, from aqueous solution by adsorption onto activated Pistacia Lentiscus leaves’ powder was investigated. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effect of various operating parameters affecting the adsorption process such as pH, contact time, initial citric acid concentration and adsorbent dose. The optimum contact time for the equilibrium condition was 75 min. at the sorbent dose rate of 2.5g/L, while the best removal of CA was at pH 6. Isothermal and kinetic models were also carried out. The experimental kinetic adsorption data were in close agreement with second order rate kinetics expression. The obtained data were found to follow the three investigated isothermal models in the following order: Freundlich&#65533; Temkin&#65533; Langmuir, implying a heterogeneous sorption phenomenon. The infra red spactra of native and treated P. Lentiscus leaves confirmed adsorbate –adsorbent interaction responsible for sorption.  <#LINE#> @ @ Zhang S., Chen Z., Li Y., Wang Q. and Wan L., Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in a sparged tube reactor with TiO2 fibers prepared by a properly two-step method, Catal. Commun., , 1178-1183 (2008) @No $ @ @ Inci I., Removal of citric acid by activated carbon adsorption, Asian J. Chem., 16 (2), 649–653 (2004) @No $ @ @ Krishnan K.A., Sreejalekshmi K.G. and Varghese S.,  Adsorptive retention of citric acid onto activated carbon prepared from Havea braziliansis sawdust: Kinetic and isotherm overview, Desalination, 257, 46–52(2010) @No $ @ @ Sreejalekshmi K.G., Krishnan K.A. and Anirudhan T.S., Adsorption of Pb(II) and Pb(II)citric acid on sawdust activated carbon: Kinetic and equilibrium isotherm studies, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, 1506–1513(2009) @No $ @ @ Lackovic K., Johnson B.B., Angove M.J., and Well J.D.,Modeling the adsorption of citric acid onto Muloorina illite and related clay minerals, J. Colloid. Interf. Sci., 267, 49–59 (2003) @No $ @ @ Khan A.R., Uddin F. and Ahmed S.Z., Adsorption behaviour of citric acid from aqueous solutions on activated charcoal, Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 45(2), 82–85(2002) @No $ @ @ Cambier P. and Sposito G., Adsorption of citric acid by synthetic pseudoboehmite, Clays Clay Miner., 39(4), 369–374 (1991) @No $ @ @ Bonnier G. and Douin R., La grande flore. Editor: Belin, Paris (1990) @No $ @ @ El-Chaghaby G.A. and Ahmad A.F., Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using pistacia lentiscus leaves extract and investigation of their antimicrobial effect, Orient. J. Chem., 27(3), 929-936 (2011) @No $ @ @ ASTM, Standard test method for determination of iodine number of activated carbon, d 4607-86, 384–387 (2000) @No $ @ @ Khattri S.D. and Singh M.K., Removal of Malachite green from dye wastewater using Neem sawdust by adsorption, J. Hazard. Mater., 167(1-3), 1089-1094 (2008) @No $ @ @ Daifullah A.A.M.,Girgis B.S. and Gad H.M.H. Utilization of agro-residues (rice husk) in small wastewater treatment plants, Mater.Lett., 57, 1723-1731 (2003) @No $ @ @ Tongpoothorn W., Sriuttha M., Homchan P., Chanthai S. and Ruangviriyachai C., Preparation of activated carbon derived from Jatropha curcas fruit shell by simple thermo-chemical activation and characterization of their physico-chemical properties, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 89, 335–340  (2011) @No $ @ @ Elaigu S.E. , Usman L.A. , Awolola G.V. , Adebayo G.B.  and Ajayi R.M.K.,  Adsorption of Pb (II) from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Prepared from Cow Dung, Environ. Res. J 4(4) , 257-260 (2010) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C., Muniasamy N., Gayathri K., Rani M. and Renganathan K., Removal of dyes from aqueous solutions by cellulosic waste orange peel. Biores. Technol., 57, 37-43 (1996) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam  C., Yamuna R.T., Adsorption of direct red 12 B by biogas residual slurry: Equilibrium and rate processes, Environ. Pollut., 89,1-7 (1995) @No $ @ @ Senthilkumar S., Varadharajan P.R., Porkodi K., Subburaam C.V., Adsorption of methylene blue ontom jute fiber carbon: kinetics and equilibrium studies, J. Colloid Interface Sci.,284, 78-82 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lagergren S.K., About the theory of so-called adsorption of soluble substances, Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademens, Handlingar 24, 1–39 (1898) @No $ @ @ Ho, Y.S. and McKay G. x., The kinetics of sorption of divalent metal ions onto sphagnum moss peat, Water Res., 34(3), 735–742 (2008) @No $ @ @ Weber Jr., W.J. and Morris, J.C. Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution. J. Sanit. Eng. Div., Am. Soc. Civil Engrs., SA2, 31–59 (1963) @No $ @ @ Abdel-Ghani  N. T., Hegazy A. K. and El-Chaghaby G. A., Typha domingensis leaf powder for decontamination of aluminium, iron, zinc and lead: Biosorption kinetics and equilibrium modeling. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech.,6(2), 243-248 (2009) @No $ @ @ Tan I.A.W., Ahmad A.L., Hameed B.H., Adsorption of basic dye on high surface area activated carbon prepared from coconut husk: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies, J. Hazard. Mater., 154, 337–346 (2008) @No $ @ @ Demiral H., Demiral I., Tumsek F. and Karabacakoglu B., Pore structure of activated carbon prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation, Surf. Inter. Anal., 40(3–4), 616–619 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kavitha D. and Namasivayam C., Experimental and kinetic studies on methylene blue adsorption by coir pith carbon, Bioresour. Technol., 98(1), 14–21 (2007) @No $ @ @ Webi T.W. and Chakravort R.K. Pore and solid diffusion models for fixed bed adsorbent, J. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng.,20(2), 228-238 (1974) @No $ @ @ Chakravarty S., Pimple S., Hema S., Chatuvedi T., Singh S. and Gupta K.K.  Removal of copper from aqueous solution using newspaper pulp as an adsorbent, J. Hazard. Mater., 159(2-3), 396-403 (2009) @No $ @ @ 7.Hameed B.H. and Daud F.B.M., Adsorption studies of basic dye on activated carbon derived from agricultural waste: Hevea brasiliensis seed coat, Chem. Eng. J., 139,48–55 (2008) @No $ @ @ Demiral H., Demiral I., Tumsek F.and Karabgacakoglu B., Adsorption of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by activated carbon derived from olive bagasse and applicability of different adsorption models, Chem. Eng. J., 144, 188–196 (2008b) @No $ @ @ El-Ashtouky E.S.Z., Amin N.K. and Abdelwahab O., Removal of lead () and copper () from aqueous solution using pomegranate peel as a new adsorbent. Desalination, 223 (1-3), 162-173 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Quality Characterization of Groundwater using Water Quality Index in Surat city, Gujarat, India <#LINE#> Rupal@Mangukiya, Tanushree@Bhattacharya , Sukalyan@Chakraborty <#LINE#>14-23<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-048.pdf<#LINE#>2 Department of Environmental Science and Technology, ISTAR, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, INDIA @ Department of Environmental science and Engineering Group, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, INDIA <#LINE#>24/9/2012<#LINE#>28/9/2012<#LINE#> Groundwater is a natural resource for drinking water. Like other natural resources, it should be assessed regularly and people should be made aware of the quality of drinking water. The present study is aimed at assessing the water quality index (WQI) for the groundwater of Surat city. This has been determined by collecting 125 groundwater samples from 39 areas of Surat city and subjecting the samples to a comprehensive physicochemical analysis. For calculating the WQI, the following 13 parameters have been considered: pH, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, total dissolved solids, iron, boron, and fluorides, COD and DO. The WQI for these samples ranges from 15.93 to 977.86. The high value of WQI has been found to be mainly from the higher values of iron, nitrate, total dissolved solids, hardness, fluorides, and boron in the groundwater. The results of analyses have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality.  The analysis reveals that the groundwater of the area needs some degree of treatment before consumption. <#LINE#> @ @ Venkata Mushini, Rao Subba, Rao Vaddi Dhilleswara and Bethapudi Samuel Anand Andrews, Assessment of Quality of Drinking Water at Srikurmam in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences,1(2), 13-20 (2012) @No $ @ @ Antony Ravindran A., Azimuthal Square Array Resistivity Method and Ground water Exploration in Sanganoor, Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4),41-45 (2012) @No $ @ @ Caleb Adwangashi Tabwassah and Gabriel Ike Obiefun., Geophysical and Geotechnical Investigation of Cham Failed Dam Project, Ne Nigeria,  Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2),1-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ Manimaran D., Groundwater Geochmistry Study Using GIS in and Around Vallanadu Hills, Tamilnadu, India, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(7), 52-58 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ramesh K. and Bhuvana Jagadeeswari. P, Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes in Periyakulam Taluk of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, I Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(1),19-27 August (2012) @No $ @ @ Bartram J., and Balance, R. Water quality monitoring—a practical guide to the design and implementation of freshwater quality studies and monitoring programmes. Geneva: UNEP and WHO. ISBN 0-419-22320-7 (1996) @No $ @ @ Hirsch R.M., Alexander R.B. and Smith R.A., Selection of methods for the detection and estimation of trends in water quality, Water resources research, 27(5), 803–813 (1991) @No $ @ @ Patil Shilpa G., Chonde Sonal G., Jadhav Aasawari  S. and Raut Prakash D., Impact of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Shivaji University lakes on Phytoplankton Communities, Kolhapur, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2), 56-60  (2012) @No $ @ @ Sargaonkar R. and Deshpande V., Development of an overall index of pollution for surface water based on a general classification scheme in Indian context. Environ Monit Assess.,  89(1), 43-67 (2003) @No $ @ @ Singh, U.K., Kumar M., Chauhan R., Jha P.K., Ramanathan A.L. and Subramanian V., Assessment of the impact of landfill on groundwater quality: A case study of the Pirana site in western India, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 141, 309–321 (2008) @No $ @ @ Murhekar Gopalkrushna Haribhau, Trace Metals Contamination of Surface Water Samples in and Around Akot City in Maharashtra, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(7), 5-9 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shivayogimath C.B, Kalburgi P.B, Deshannavar U.B and Virupakshaiah D.B.M, Water Quality Evaluation of River Ghataprabha, India, I Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(1), 12-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ N.J. Raju. Hydrogeochemical parameters for assessment of groundwater quality in the upper Gunjanaeru River basin, Cuddapah district, Andhra Pradesh, South India, Environmental Geology, 52, 1067–1074 (2007) @No $ @ @ Parikh Ankita N. and Mankodi P.C.,Limnology of Sama Pond, Vadodara City, Gujarat, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(1), 16-21(2012) @No $ @ @ Tiwari T.N. and Mishra M.A., A preliminary assignment of water quality index of major Indian rivers, Indian J Environ Proc., , 276-279 (1985) @No $ @ @ BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) 10500, Indian standard drinking water specification, First revision, 1-8 (1991) @No $ @ @ WHO, (World Health Organization), Guidelines for drinking water quality 2 ed.,  , 188 (1993) @No $ @ @ Mumtazuddin S., Azad A.K., Bharti Prabhat and Ranjan Rakesh Physico-chemical analysis of groundwater of the Budhi Gandak belt in Muzaffarpur district, India, I Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(1), 7-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rajiv P., Hasna Abdul Salam, Kamaraj M., Rajeshwari Sivaraj and Sankar A, I.Physico Chemical and Microbial Analysis of Different River Waters in Western Tamil Nadu, India,  I Res. J. Environmen Sci.,1(1), 2-6 (2012) @No $ @ @ Patel Payal and Bhatt S.A., Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater of Patan District, Gujarat, India International Journal of Engineering Studies, ISSN 0975- 6469, , 171–177 (2010) @No $ @ @ Abati T., Water Sources and treatment, food forum, A publication of the Nigeria Institute of food science and Technology (NIFST), 4(1), 49 (2005) @No $ @ @ Iyer C.S., Sindhu M., Kulkarni S.G., Tambe S.S. and Kulkarni B.D., Statistical analysis of the physico-chemical data on the coastal waters of Cochin, Journal of Environment, Monitoring, , 324 (2003) @No $ @ @ Sawyer G.N., Carthy Mc D.L., Chemistry of sanitary Engineers, 2ndEd., McGraw Hill, New York, , 518 (1967) @No $ @ @ Neeraj D., Dr. Patel J.N., Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Index of the Urban Segments of Surat City, India, International journal of geology 4(2010) @No $ @ @ Raval V.H. and Malik G.H., Physico- Chemical Characteristics of Groundwater in and around Surat City (India), J. Environmental Science and Engineering, 52(4),343-348 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shah Mayur, Shilpkar  Prateek and Acharya Pradeep,  Ground Water Quality of Gandhinagar Taluka, Gujarat, India, E-Journal of Chemistry,  5(3), 435-446 (2008) @No $ @ @ Desai J. and Tank S.K. Studies on water quality index (WQI) of ground water of Surat City, India, Water Resources Management VI : Ecology and the Environment 145 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya T., Chakraborty S.  and Tuck Neha, Physico chemical Characterization of ground water of Anand district, Gujarat, India, I Research Journal of Environment Sciences,1(1), 28-33 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Groundwater Level and Rainfall Variability Trend Analysis using GIS in parts of Jharkhand state (India) for Sustainable Management of Water Resources<#LINE#>Anamika Shalini@Tirkey,A.C.@ Pandey,M.S.@Nathawat<#LINE#>24-31<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-058.pdf<#LINE#>2 Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215,Jharkhand, INDIA @ School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, INDIA<#LINE#>11/10/2012<#LINE#>19
/10/2012<#LINE#> The present study entails groundwater level variability analysis and its relationship with rainfall for the drought affected Palamu District of Jharkhand State. The sum of least squares method was adopted to analyse the relationship of groundwater level variability with the rainfall trends. The analysis revealed that this region during the post-monsoon season exhibit shallow depth of water level (2-3m) which declines upto 8-10m during pre-monsoon in the month of May. The declining trend of water level is more conspicuous at those places which are located relatively at lower elevation. Although the south-eastern region exhibits an increase in the rainfall over the years, yet the average water level is very deep indicating large water losses due to runoff. On the contrary, the southern region shows an increase in the amount of rainfall over the years with concomitant increase in the water level indicating a positive relationship between rainfall and depth of water level. The spatio-temporal rainfall trend analysis performed using interpolation in GIS provided conceptual understanding for developing large water harvesting structures in those regions which exhibit an increase in rainfall and the need for developing a number of small water harvesting structures to recharge the groundwater in rainfall declining zones.  <#LINE#> @ @ Villeneuve J.P., Banton O. and Lafrance P., A probabilistic approach for the groundwater vulnerability to contamination by pesticides: the VULPEST model, Ecological Modelling, 51, 47-58 (1990) @No $ @ @ Meenakshi and Maheshwari R.C., Fluoride in drinking water and its removal, J. of Hazardous Materials, 137(1), 456-463 (2006) @No $ @ @ Murhekar G.H., Trace Metals Contamination of Surface Water Samples in and Around Akot City in Maharashtra, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(7), 5-9 (2012) @No $ @ @ Saraf A.K. and Choudhury P.R., Integrated remote sensing and GIS for groundwater exploration and identification of artificial recharge sites, Int. J. of Remote Sensing, 19(10), 1825-1841 (1998) @No $ @ @ Manimaran D., Groundwater Geochemistry Study Using GIS in and Around Vallanadu Hills, Tamilnadu, India, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(7), 52-58 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mushini V.S.R., Vaddi D.R. and Bethapudi S.A.A., Assessment of Quality of Drinking Water at Srikurmam in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India, I. Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(2), 13-20 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ramesh K. and Bhuvana Jagadeeswari P., Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes in Periyakulam Taluk of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, I. Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(1), 19-27 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rouhani Sh. and Wackernagel H., Problems in space-time kriging of geohydrological data, Mathematical Geology, 22, 611-623 (1990) @No $ @ @ Reghunath R., Sreedhara Murthy T.R. and Raghavan B.R., Time series analysis to monitor and assess water resource: A moving average approach, Environ. Monitoring and Assessment, 109, 65-72 (2005) @No $ @ @ Helsel D.R. and Hirsch R.M., Statistical Methods in Water Resources. Book 4, Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation, US Geological Survey, Virginia, 510, (2002) @No $ @ @ Shamsudduha M., Chandler R.E., Taylor R.G. and Ahmed K.M., Recent trends in groundwater levels in a highly seasonal hydrological system: the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 13, 2373-2385 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sarkar A.A. and Ali M.H., Water level dynamics of Dhaka city and its long-term trend analysis using the “MAKESENS” model, Water Int., 34(3), 373-382 (2009) @No $ @ @ Korkmaz N., The estimation of groundwater recharge from water level and precipitation data, J. of Islamic Academy of Sci., 1(2), 87-93 (1988) @No $ @ @ Rao Ch.V., Sankar M.R. and Rao B.S.P., Spatial distribution of ground water quality information at Rajahmundry and its surrounding areas – GIS approach. Seminar on Spatial Information Retrieval, Analysis, Reasoning and Modelling (2009) @No $ @ @ Krishnamurthy J., Venkatesa Kumar N. Kumar, Jayaraman V. and Manivel M., An approach to demarcate ground water potential zones through remote sensing and Geographic Information system, Int. J. of Remote Sensing, 17(10), 1867-1884 (1996) @No $ @ @ Israil M., Al-Hadithi Mufid, Singhal D.C., Application of a resistivity survey and geographical information system (GIS) analysis for hydrogeological zoning of a piedmont area, Himalayan foothill region, India, Hydrogeology J., 14(5), 753-759 (2006) @No $ @ @ Ravindran K.V., Drainage morphometry analysis and its correlation with geology, geomorphology and groundwater prospects in Zuvari basin, South Goa, using remote sensing and GIS, proc. National Symposium – remote sensing for natural resources with special emphasis on water management, held at Pune during Dec.4-6, 270-296 (1997) @No $ @ @ Anbazhagan S. and Nair A.M., Geographic Information System and groundwater quality mapping in Panvel Basin, Maharashtra, India, Environ. Geology, 45, 753-761 (2004) @No $ @ @ Patra K.C., Hydrology and water resources engineering. New Delhi: Narosa Publishing House (2001) @No $ @ @ Gupta S.P. and Gupta M.P., Business Statistics. Sultan Chand & Sons Educational Publishers, New Delhi (2008) @No $ @ @ Jan C., Chen T. and Lo W., Effect of rainfall intensity and distribution on groundwater level fluctuations, J. of Hydrology, 332, 348–360 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lemmela R. and Kuusisto E., Seasonal and Long-Term Variation of Groundwater Levels in Sandy Aquifers in Southern Finland, Geophysica, 22(1-2), 71-88 (1986) @No 
<#LINE#>Heavy Metal Assessment of Leachates of some Plastic Toys Purchased from Different Districts of UP, India<#LINE#>Naseem@Ahmad,Nasibullah@Malik,Firoj@Hassan@,A.K.@Singh,D.K.@Patel,A.R.@Khan,Masihur@Rahman<#LINE#>32-36<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-059.pdf<#LINE#>1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Integral University, Lucknow, INDIA @ Analytical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, INDIA<#LINE#>11/10/2012<#LINE#>17
/10/2012<#LINE#> Childhood exposure to environmental heavy metals continues to be a major health concern. This study examined heavy metal content within the plastic children’s toys purchased from local markets of different districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. The six different colours of toys; yellow six brands, orange five brands, green three brands, red and blue four brands, grey and purple five brands and pink and purple three brands used in present  study  for the determination of concentrations of heavy metals as per BIS, IP and other international guidelines by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the presence of metals were in the range of 0.219-1.12, 0.005-0.110, 0.251-1.090, 0.119-1.111, 0.219-1.040, 0.000-0.531 and 0.990-1.070 (ppm) for Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cr, Co and Mn respectively. A comparison of the mean concentrations of these metals in the toys analysed showed the pattern as: Pb > Zn > Ni > Mn > Cr > Co > Cd. <#LINE#> @ @ Linsinger T., Liebich A., Przyk E.and Lamberty A.The certification of the mass fraction of, As, Br, Cd, Cl, Cr, Hg, Pb, S and Sb and the assignment of indicative values for Sn and Zn in two polyethylene reference material, Report EUR 22784 EN, (2007) @No $ @ @ Abhay K. and Prashant P., Lead and Cadmium in Soft Plastic Toys, Current Sci., 45, 2055-2056 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kelly M., Watson P., Thorton D. and Halpin T.J., Lead intoxicationassociated with chewing plastic wire coating,Morbidity Mortality Wkly Rep., 42, 465-467 (1993) @No $ @ @ Seralathan K.K., Prabhu, D.B. and Kui J.L., Assessment of heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Pb) in water, sediments and seaweed (Ulva lactuca) in the Pulicat Lake, South East India, Chemos., 71(7),1233-1240 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ahiamadjie H., Adukpo O.K., Tandoh J.B, Gyampo O., Nyarku M., Mumuni I.I., Agyemang O., Ackah M., Otoo, F. and Dampare S.B., Determination of the elemental contents in soils around diamond cement factory, Aflao, Res. J. Environ. EarthSci., 3(1), 46-50 (2011) @No $ @ @ Gidlow D.A., Lead toxicity, Occup Med54,76–81(2004) @No $ @ @ Duffus J.H., Heavy metals: A meaningless term?, IUPAC Technical Report Pure Appl .Chem ,74, 793807 (2002) @No $ @ @ WorldNet Daily News, China Exports Lead Poisoning, http://www.worlnetdaily.com/news/article (2009) @No $ @ @ Markowitz G. and Rosner D., Cater to the children, the role of the lead industry in a public health tragedy, 1900–1955, Am J Public Health,90, 36–46 (2000) @No $ @ @ Fels L., Wunsch M., Baranowski J., Norska-Borowka I., Price R., Taylor S. et al, Adverse effects of chronic low level lead exposure on kidney function- a risk group study in children, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 13, 2248–2256 (1998) @No $ @ @ Bearer C., How are children different from adults?,Environ Health Prospect,103, 7–12 (1994) @No $ @ @ National Referral Centre for Lead Poisoning in Indian, http://www.tgfwotld.org/lead.htlm (2009) @No $ @ @ UNEP Chemicals, Interim Review of Scientific Information on Cadmium and Lead, Retrieved October 2010, http://www.unepchemicals.ch/pb_and_cd/SR/Files /Interim_reviews/U NEP_Cadmium_review_Interim, 46(2006) @No $ @ @ IARC. Cadmium and cadmium compounds. In: Beryllium, Cadmium, Mercury and Exposure in the Glass Manufacturing Industry, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Lyon,International Agency for Research on Cancer, 58, 119–237(1993) @No $ @ @ Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Atlanta (ATSDR), Toxicological Profile for Lead. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Agency for Toxicology and Environmental Medicine/Applied Toxicology Branch 600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop F 32 Atlanta, Georgia 30333, 29-31 (2005) @No $ @ @ Buchet J.P., Lauwerys R., Roels H., Bernard A., Bruaux P., Claeys F., Ducoffre G., DePlaen P., Staessen J., Amery A., Lijnen P., Thijs L., Rondia D., Sartor F., Saint Remy A. and Nick L., Renal effects of cadmium body burden of the general population, Lancet, 336, 699–702 (1990) @No $ @ @ Jarup L., Hellstrom L., Alfven T., Carlsson M.D., Grubb A., Persson B. et al. Low level exposure to cadmium and early kidney damage, the OSCAR study, Occup Environ Med, 57, 668–72 2000)@No $ @ @ Fosmire G.J. and Zinc toxicity, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition51(2), 225–7 (1990) @No $ @ @ Bothwell, Dawn N., Mair, Eric A., Cable, Benjamin B., Chronic Ingestion of a Zinc-Based Penny, Pediatrics111(3), 689–91 (2003) @No $ @ @ Oberg, Bo, J. S., Oxford Conquest of viral diseases, a topical review of drugs and vaccines, Elsevier, p142. ISBN 0-444-80566-4 (1985) @No $ @ @ A report of global healing center. www.globalhealingcentre.com/ (2012) @No $ @ @ Cersosimo M.G. and Koller W.C., The diagnosis of manganese-induced parkinsonism, NeuroToxicology,27,340–346 (2007) @No $ @ @ U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC) Staff Report on Lead and Cadmium in Children’s Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Products, (1997) @No $ @ @ Joseph A., Greenway, Shawn Gerstenberger, An Evaluation of Lead Contamination in Plastic Toys Collected from Day Care Centers in the Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, USA, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol , 85, 363–366 DOI 10.1007/s00128-010-0100-3 (2010) @No $ @ @ Srivastava S.P., Saxena A.K., Seth P.K., Safety evaluation of some of the commonly used   plastic materials in India, Indian J Environ Health 26(4), 346–354(1984) @No 
<#LINE#>Impact of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Water on Zooplankton Diversity in Nanjangud Industrial Area, India<#LINE#>Farshad@Hashemzadeh,G.V.@Venkataramana <#LINE#>37-42<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-064.pdf<#LINE#>Centre for Science and Technology Education Research, University of Waikato, NEW ZEALAND @ Dep. of Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, INDIA <#LINE#>15/10/2012<#LINE#>29
/10/2012<#LINE#> Zooplanktons and macro invertebrate’s samples were collected monthly from two sampling stations at River Kapila, Nanjangud, Karnataka State, India. Prior to sampling, temperature of surface water, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration etc were evaluated. Zooplanktons were sampled using plankton net. The result revealed that zooplankton was made up of, Rotifera (62.00%), Copepoda (12.00%), Cladocera (19.50%), Diptera (4.00%) and Nematoda (4.50%). The status of the River could said to be eutrophic as indicated by the diversity of zooplankton. <#LINE#> @ @ Omudu E.A. and Odeh P., A survey of zooplankton and macroinvertebrates of Agi Stream in Ojo Benue State, and their implications for transmission of endemic diseases, Biological and Environmental SciencesJournal for the Tropics, ), 10-17 (2006) @No $ @ @ Guy D., The ecology of the fish pond ecosystem with special reference to Africa, Pergamon press 220–230 (1992) @No $ @ @ In Allan G.I. and Dall W., (eds), Proceedings of the Aquaculture Nutrition Worship Salamander Bay, 15-17thApril, (1991) @No $ @ @  Yakubu A.F., Sikoki F.D., Abowei J.F.N. and Hart S.A., A comparative study of phytoplankton communities of some rivers creeks and borrow pits in the Niger Delta Area, Journal of Applied Science, Environment and Management, 4(2), 41-46 (2000) @No $ @ @ Rosenberg D.M. and Resh V.H., (eds) Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macro invertebrates, Chapnan and Hall, New York, 488 (1993) @No $ @ @ Altaff K., A Manual of Zooplankton. Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai,19-145 (2004) @No $ @ @ Battish S.K., Freshwater Zooplankton of India. Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd., 69-114 (1992) @No $ @ @ Edmondson W.T., Freshwater Biology 2nd Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc. London-Chapman and Hall Limited. New York, USA, 1248 (1959) @No $ @ @ Dhanapathi M.V.S.S.S.,Rotifers from Andhra Pradesh, India–III, Hydrobiologia, 48), 9-16 (2003) @No $ @ @ Michael R.G. and Sharma B.K., Fauna of India and adjacent countries, Indian Cladocera (Crustacean: Branchipoda: Cladocera), Zool.Sur.India, 261 (1988) @No $ @ @ Murugan N.P. Murugavel and Kodarkar M.S., Cladocera: The biology, classification, identification and ecology, Indian Association of Aquatic Biologists (IAAB),Hyderabad (1998) @No $ @ @Reddy Y.R., Copepoda: Calanoida: Diaptomidae, Guide to identification of the micro invertebrates of the continental waters of the world, SPB Publishers, the Hague, Netherland, (1994) @No $ @ @ Dussart B.H. and Defaye, Copepoda: introduction to the copepod, In guides to the identification of the micro invertebrates of the continental waters of the world, SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, 1-277 (1995) @No $ @ @ APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 21st Edn., Washington, D.C (2005) @No $ @ @ Trivedy R.K. and Goel P.K., Practical methods in ecology and environmental science, Environmental publications, Karad, India (1987) @No $ @ @ Mukhopadhysay S.K., Gupta A. and Chattopadhyay R., Rotiferan community structure of a tannery effluent stabilisation pond in east Culcutta wetland ecosystem, Chem. Eng. Res., 9, 85-91(2000) @No $ @ @ Ferdous Z. and Muktadir A.K.M., A Review: Potentiality of Zooplankton as Bioindicator,  Applied Sciences, 6(10),1815-1819 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sharma B.K., Systematics, distribution and ecology of fresh water rotifer of West Bengal. In: S.R. Mishra and D.N. Saksena (Eds), Aquatic Ecology, Asish Publishing House, Delhi, 231-237 (1992) @No $ @ @ Arora H.C., Rotifera as indicators of pollution, Bull. CPHERI Nagpur, 3and4, 24-26 (1961) @No $ @ @ Chandra S. and Krishna G., Effect of tannery waste disposal on the quality of the river Ganges in Kanpur, Poll.Res., , 63-64 (1983) @No $ @ @ Patil S.G. and Harshey D.K., Impact of gelatine factory effluent on the water quality and biota of a stream near Jabbalpur, J. Environ. Biol., 7, 61-65 (1983) @No $ @ @ Sharma B.K., Assessment of pollution indicators in Indian rotifera, J. Meghalaya Sci. Soc., , 47-49 (1986) @No $ @ @ Saksena D.N. and Kulkarni N., on the rotifer fauna of two sewage chanels of Gwalior, Limnologica (Berlin), 17, 139-148 (1986) @No $ @ @ Das N.K. and Datta N.C., Seasonal variation in diversityindices of periphytic community of wastewater-fed pond, 2000, Waste recycling and resource management in thedeveloping world, University of Kalyani and Internationalecological engineering society, Kalyani, 10-11 (2000) @No $ @ @ Kamat M.D., Ecological notes on Kohlapu, J.Environ. Biol.Sci,, 47-54 (2000) @No $ @ @ Mukhopadhyay S.K., Chattopadhyay B., Goswami A.R. and Chatterjee A., Spatial variations in zooplankton diversity in waters contaminated with composite effluents, J. Limnol., 66), 97-106 (2007) @No $ @ @ Singh B and Islam M.R., Seasonal variation in zooplankton population of two lentic bodies and Assam state Zoo cum botanical garden, Guwahati, Assam, Eco. Environ. and Cons,), 273-278 (2000) @No $ @ @ Pundir P. and Rana K.S., population dynamics of phytoplanktons in the wetland area of Keolado National Park, Bharathpur (Rajasthan), Eco. Enviro. and Cons, ), 253-255 (2002) @No 
<#LINE#>Seasonal Variations of Physico Chemical Characteristics of Ground Water Samples of Mysore City, Karanataka, India <#LINE#>B.@Nirmala,SureshKumar B.V. ,P.A.@Suchetan,Prakash M.@Shet<#LINE#>43-49<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-074.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Tumkur University, B.H. Road, Tumkur, Karnataka, INDIA  @ Department of Geology, Manasa Gangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>19
/6/2012<#LINE#>26
/6/2012<#LINE#> Quality of water is an important criterion for evaluating the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation. The influence of seasonal changes on the physico-chemical characteristics of water resources quality in the four zones of Mysore city has been investigated for a period of pre monsoon and post monsoon season during 2010-2011 with an objective to assess the water quality status in the study area and its potability. The water quality parameters considered in the present study were temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, acidity, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, calcium, magnesium. The results are tabulated along with discussion. On comparing the results against drinking quality standards laid by World Health Organization (WHO), it was found that some of the water quality parameters were above the permissible limit and some were not. <#LINE#> @ @ Mahananda M.R., Mohanty B.P. and Behera Mahananda N.R., Physico-Chemical Analysis of Surface and Ground Water of Bargarh District, Orissa, India, IJRRAS, 2 (3)(2010) @No $ @ @ A. Abdul Jamal, Physico-Chemical studies in Uyyakondan Channel water if river Cavery, Poll.Res., 17(2), 111 (1998) @No $ @ @ Murhekar Gopalkrushna H., Determination of physic-chemical parameters of surface water samples in and around Akot city, International Journal of Research in Chemistry and Environment,1(2), 183-187 (2011) @No $ @ @ Vijender Singh, Physico-chemical Examination of water, Sewage and Industrial effluents, Res. J. chem and ENV, 10(3), 62-66 (2006) @No $ @ @ Arunabh Mishra and Vasishta Bhatt, Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Under Ground Water in V.V Nagar and Nearby Places of Anand District, Gujarat, India, E-.J.Chem., 5(3), 487-492 (2008) @No $ @ @ Desai P.V., Water quality of Dudhsagar river at Dudhasagar(Goa), India,  Poll.Res., , 377-382 (1995) @No $ @ @ Elizabeth K.M. and Naik Premnath L., Effect of polluted water on human health, Poll.Res., 24(2), 337 (2005) @No $ @ @ Muller E.E., Ethlers M.M. and Grabow, The occurrence of E.Coli 0157:H7 in South African water sources intended for directand indirect human consumption, Water Research, 35, 3085-3088 (2001) @No $ @ @ AremuM.O., Gav B.L., Opaluwa O.D., Atolaiye B.O., Madu P.C. and Sangari D.U., Assessment of Physicochemical Contaminants in Waters and Fishes from Selected Rivers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences,    1(4), 6-17 (2011) @No $ @ @ Shama Sehar, Iffat Naz, Mohammad Ishtiaq Ali and Safia Ahmed, Monitoring of Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of  Under Ground Water Samples of District Kallar Syedan,  Rawalpindi-Pakistan, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(8), 24-30 (2011) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization, Guidelines for drinking water quality-I, Recommendations, 2nd Ed. Geneva WHO(1993) @No $ @ @ Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, American Public HealthAssociation, 17th Ed., Washington, DC, (1989) @No $ @ @ Trivedy R.K. and Goel P.K., Chemical and Biological methods for water pollution studies Environmental Publication, Karad, (1986) @No $ @ @ Manivaskam N. Physicochemical examination of water sewage and industrial effluent, 5th Ed.Pragati Prakashan Meerut., (2005) @No $ @ @ IS: 2490 Standards for Industrial and Sewage effluents discharge, Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi (1982) @No $ @ @ Patil S.G., Chonde S.G., Jadhav A.S. and Raut P.D.,Impact of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Shivaji University lakes on Phytoplankton Communities, Kolhapur, India,  Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(2), 56-60 (2012) @No $ @ @ Chauhan R., Chaudhary R., Singh A. and Singh P.K., Salt Tolerance of Sorghum bicolour Cultivars during Germination and Seedling Growth,  Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(3), 1-10 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jain C.K, C.P Kumar and M.K.Sharma– Ground water qualities of Ghataprabha command area Karnataka, Indian Journal Environ and Ecoplan,7(2), 251-262 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hari Haran A.V.L.N.S.H Evaluation of drinking water quality at Jalaripeta village of Visakhapatanam district, Andrapradesh, National Envt and Poll. Tech., 1 (4) 407-410 (2002) @No $ @ @ Subhadra Devi D.G, Barbaddha S.B, Hazel D. and Dolly, Physico-chemical characteristics of drinking water at Velsao Goa, J. Ecotoxicol Environ. Monit., 13 (3), 203-209 (2003) @No $ @ @ Fried J.J. and Combarnous M.A., Dispersion in porous media, Advances Hydroscience, 7, 169-282 (1971) @No $ @ @ Clair N. Sawyer, Perry L. McCarty and Gene F. Parkin. Chemistry for Environmental Engineering and Science (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN0-07-248066-1(2003) @No $ @ @ Ponangi R., Asolkar Shyam and Joshi S.G., Trace Pollutants in drinking water, J.IAEM,27, 16 -24 (2000) @No $ @ @ Dilip B.P., Rajendra V. Tijare and Rewater S.B.,  Physico Chemical characteristics of ground water  of Armori town of Gadchiroli district, Maharashtra, India, Poll Res.,20(2), 207-209 (2001) @No $ @ @ Suthar K., Sharma R., Mathur R.  and Sharma S., Physico-chemical and microbiological studies ofdrinking water of Pali district, Rajasthan,Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences, 2(2), 1061-1088 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Levels of Heavy Metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe and Cr) in Bushgreen and Roselle Irrigated with Treated and Untreated Urban Sewage Water<#LINE#>T.M.@Chiroma,R.O.@Ebewele,F.K.@Hymore<#LINE#>50-55<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-081.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Chemical Engineering, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, NIGERIA @ Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, NIGERIA <#LINE#>1/6/2012<#LINE#>14/6/2012<#LINE#>  The content of Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe and Cr in Bushgreen and Roselle vegetable plants, soil irrigated with treated and untreated urban sewage water were evaluated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of Cu (0.078 g/ml), Zn (1.065 g/ml), Pb (1.034 g/ml), Fe (2.512 g/ml) and Cr (0.081 g/ml) in untreated sewage water were reduced by 58%, 46%, 27%, 70% and 33% respectively, after treatment with Alum. The mean concentration of Pb, Cu and Cr in treated and untreated sewage waters are above the maximum permissible values of 0.2g/ml, 0.01g/ml and 0.05g/ml respectively for irrigation waters used on all types of soils. The levels of Zn in soils irrigated with sewage water and Pb in soils irrigated with treated sewage water are above the maximum tolerable levels of 300g/g and 100g/g respectively. The contamination of Zn and Cr in leaves (unwashed), leaves (washed), stem and roots of Bushgreen irrigated with sewage water are 2.5, 1.7, 1.3, 3.2 and 2.1, 1.7, 1.9, 1.1 times respectively, higher than the maximum permissible level in plants sets by World Health Organization (WHO).  <#LINE#> @ @ Mohammed M.R. and Abdullahi U.S. Reuse of wastewater in urban farming and urban planning implications in Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria, African J. of Environ. Sci. and Tech., 4(1), 28-33 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mohsen B. and Mohsen S. Investigation of metals accumulation in some vegetables irrigated with waste water in Shahre Rey – Iran and Toxicological implications, American – Eurasian J. of Agric. and Environ. Sci.,4(1), 86 – 92 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mansur U.D. and Jazuli A., Irrigation and heavy metal pollution in soils uner urban and peri – urban agricultural system, International J. of Pure and App. Sci..1(3), 37 – 42 (2007) @No $ @ @ Haliru M., Ajibola V.O. and Agbaji E.B., Evaluation of the uptake and accumulation of metals by some commonly irrigated vegetables in soils treated with different concentration of these metals. J. of App. Sci.9(8), 1573 – 1577 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sonhmacher M., Domingo J.L., Liobet J.M. and Conbella, I.J., Cr, Cu and Zn concentrations in edible vegetables grown in Tarragona Province Spain, J. of Bull Environ. Contam. and Toxicity. 58, 515 – 521  (1993) @No $ @ @ Dan’azumi S. and Bichi M. H. Industrial pollution and heavy metals profile of Challawa River in Kano, Nigeria,J. of Appl. Sci. in Environ. Sanit.,5(1), 23 – 29 (2010) @No $ @ @ Muhammad F., Farooq A. and Umer R., Appraisal of heavy metal contents in different vegetables grown in the vicinity of an industrial area, Pak. J. Bot., 40(5), 2099-2106 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mahallapa N.J., Mohan V.K. and Pravin R.P., Flux of heavy metals in soils irrigated with urban wastewaters, American-Eurasian., J. Agric. & Environ. Sci.,8(5), 487- 493 (2010) @No $ @ @ Smith C.J., Hopmans P. and Cook F.J., Accumulation of Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd in soil following irrigation with untreated urban effluent in Australia, J. of Environ. Poll.,94 (3), 137 – 323 (1996) @No $ @ @ Voutsa D., Grimanis A. and Samara C., (Trace elements in vegetables grown in an industrial area in relation to soil and air particulate matter, J. of Environ. poll.,94 (34), 325 – 335 1996) @No $ @ @ Kinhikar V.R., Removal of Nickel (II) from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption with Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), Res. J. Chem. Sci.,2(6), 6-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Narayanan C.M., Samui Esha, Chatterjee Amrita and Das Sanghamitra, A Parametric Study of Performance Characteristics of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Bioreactors, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,2(6), 12-20 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ishaku J.M., Nur A. and Bulus J.A., Mapping of Groundwater Facies using anion Geochemistry in Angware Area, JOS Northcentral Nigeria, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,2(6), 21-29(2012) @No $ @ @ Khawassek Y.M., Cheira M.F. and Mahmoud G.M., Studies on the Extraction of Copper (II) by Pyrazoloquinazolinone Derivatives from Aqueous Solutions, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,2(6), 30-37 (2012) @No $ @ @ Elsalamouny A.R., Elreefy S.A. and Hassan A.M.A., Lead Ion Selective Electrode Based on 1, 5-diphenylthiocarbazone, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,2(6), 38-42 (2012) @No $ @ @ Srivastava K.P. and Singh Vikash Kumar, Impact of Air-Pollution on pH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 9-13 (2012) @No $ @ @ Balamuralitharan S. and Rajasekaran S., Analysis of G-CSF Treatment of CN using Fast Fourier Transform, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 14-21 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nwajei G.E., Okwagi P., Nwajei R.I. and Obi-Iyeke G.E., Analytical Assessment of Trace Elements in Soils, Tomato Leaves and Fruits in the Vicinity of Paint Industry, Nigeria, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 22-26 (2012) @No $ @ @ Yousef Zandi and Vefa Akpinar M.,  An Experimental Study on Separately Ground and together Grinding Portland Slag Cements Strength Properties, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 27- 40 (2012) @No $ @ @ Antony Ravindran A., Azimuthal Square Array Resistivity Method and Goundwater Exploration in Sanganoor, Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu, India, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 41-45 (2012) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Effect of Global Warming on Mankind - A Review<#LINE#>S.@Kumar,S.K.@Himanshu,K.K.@Gupta<#LINE#>56-59<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-060.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Civil Engineering, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, INDIA <#LINE#>12/10/2012<#LINE#>15
/10/2012<#LINE#> The concentration of several greenhouse gases has increased over time. Human activity increases the greenhouse gases effect primarily through release of carbon dioxide, but human influences on other greenhouse gases is also important. The ongoing accumulation of greenhouse gases causes increasing global warming. The recent IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2007 shows that global average air temperature near Earth’s surface rose 0.74±0.18°C in the last century and report concluded “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since mid – 20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in the concentration of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. Global warming affects many different facets of life on Earth. Global warming effects will include changes in agricultural yields, the continued melting of glaciers and species extinctions. New items were gradually added to the list, ranging from the degradation of ecosystems to threats to human health. Experts in fields from forestry to economics, even national security experts, pitched in to assess the range of possible consequences. The unfortunate reality is that predicting the impact of global warming is notoriously hard. It brings a whole range of scientific disciplines together, such as oceanography, meteorology, and geology, while no one can agree on the exact impacts for specific regions of the world. All scientists agree global warming will have numerous negative effects on our planet and our way of life. The effect of global warming will have adverse effect on the climatic conditions and water resources. <#LINE#> @ @ IPCC (2007-05-04), Summary for Policymakers, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) @No $ @ @ Kyoto Protocol: Status of Ratification, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1998)@No $ @ @ Hansen J.E., GISS Surface Temperature Analysis, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (2006) @No $ @ @ Duffy Santer and Wigley Solar variability does not explain late-20th-century warming, Physics Today (2009) @No $ @ @ Gabriele C.H., Understanding and Attributing Climate Change, The Physical Science Basis Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) @No $ @ @ Weart Spencer, The Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Effect,The Discovery of Global Warming, American Institute of Physics (2008) @No $ @ @ Demenocal, P.B., Cultural Responses to Climate Change During the Late Holocene (2001) @No $ @ @ Yin, Model projections of rapid sea-level rise on the northeast coast of the United States. Nature Geoscience (2009)  @No $ @ @ Scripps Institution of Oceanography, For Release, San Diego, California (2005) @No $ @ @ Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Ecosystems and Human Well-being, Synthesis, Island Press, Washington,DC (2005)@No $ @ @ Anthes R.A., Corell R.W., Holland G., Hurrell J.W.,MacCracken M.C. and Trenberth K., Hurricanes and Global Warming—Potential inkages and Consequences,Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 87, 623-628 (2010)@No $ @ @ Nelson B., Schmitt M., Cohen R. and Ketabi N., In Hot Water: Water Management Strategies to Weather the Effects of Global Warming, NRDC, Robert C.Wilkinson (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Impact of Coal Based Thermal Power Plant on Environment and its Mitigation Measure<#LINE#>Ahmad@Shamshad,M.H.@Fulekar,Bhawana@Pathak<#LINE#>60-64<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-075.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat sector-30 Gandhinagar, Gujrat, INDIA<#LINE#>19/4/2012<#LINE#>3rd/5/2012<#LINE#>  In the present research paper as a research article the problem associated fly ash has been highlighted mitigated measure for fly ash has also been emphasize viz development of bricks, use of fly ash for manufacturing of cement, development of ceramics, fertilizer, development of distemper and use of fly ash in road construction and road embankmen. This article gives the direction for the beneficial use of fly ash generated coal combustion power plants. <#LINE#> @ @ Mishra U.C., Environmental impact of coal industry and thermal power plants in India, J Environ Radioact.,72(1-2), 35-40 (2004) @No $ @ @ Jamil S., Abhilash P.C., Singh A., Singh N. and  BhelHari M., Fly ash trapping and metal accumulation capacity of plant, implication of for green belt around thermal power plant, J. Land Esc. And Urban Plan., 92, 136-147 (2009) @No $ @ @ Fulekar M.H. and Dave J.M., Release and behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni and Pb in a flyash/soil/water environment: column experiment,  IntJ. of Envin  Studies, , 281-296 (1991) @No $ @ @ Ashoka D., Saxena M. and Asholekar S.R., Coal Combustion Residue-Environmental Implication and Recycling Potential, Resource Conservation And Recycling, , 1342-1355 (2005) @No $ @ @ Shrivastava Shikha and Dwivedi Sushma, Effect of fly Ash Pollution on Fish Scales, Re. J. of Che. Sci, 1(9), 24-28 (2011) @No $ @ @ Keefer R.F., Coal ashes-industrial wastes or benecial by-products. In: Keefer R.F., Sajwan K., editors, Trace Element in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues. Advances in Trace Substances Research, Florida: Lewis Publishers, CRC Press, 3–9 (1993) @No $ @ @ Kumar Vimal and Mathur Mukesh, Clean environment through fly as utilization Cleaner (2003) @No $ @ @ Critical Review in Environmental Control, CRC Press, 3, (1989) @No $ @ @ Pvrecek, Lbendik, Pb210 and Po210 in fossil fuel at the sostanj thermal power plant (solvenia), Czechoslovak j of phy, 53 a51-a 55 (2003) @No $ @ @ FILIZ G ¨ UR and G ¨ UNSELI YAPRAK, Natural radionuclide emission from coal-fired power plants in the southwestern of Turkey and the population exposure to external radiation in their vicinity, J. of Environ. Sci. and Health Part A, 45, 1900–1908 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kant K., Chakarvarti S.K Environmental impact of coal utilization in thermal power plant, J. of Punjab Acad. of For. Med. &Toxi, , 15-18 (2003) @No $ @ @ Senapati Manas Ranjan, Fly ash from thermal power plants – waste management and overview current science, 100, 1791-1794 (2011) @No $ @ @ korba.gov.in/kwflyash.htm (2012) @No $ @ @ www.wealthywaste.com/fly-ash-utilization-in-india (2012) @No $ @ @ Cement Manufacturing Association, (1999) @No $ @ @ IgnasiQuerlt,XavierQuerol ,Angel Lopez-Solar ,Felicano Plana ,Use of coal fly ash for ceramics ;a case study for large Spanish power station,  fuel, , 787-791, (1997) @No $ @ @ SaikatMaitra, Cremic product from fly ash global prospective. In preceding of the national seminar on fly ash utilization,February 26-27  NLM jamshedpur India,(1999) @No $ @ @ Kumar Vimal and MathurMukesh, Clean environment through fly as utilization. Cleaner Technology, Impacts/12/2003-2004, MOEF-CPCB, Govt. of India, 235-255, (2003) @No $ @ @ Fly Ash Mission’, (TIFAC), Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Technology, (1994) @No $ @ @ www.crridom.gov.in/techniques-facilities/10.pdf (2012) @No $ @ @ M.Ahmaruzzaman, A review of utilization of fly ash In Energy AndCombu. Sci.30,  327-363 ,2010 @No $ @ @ Jha C. N. & Prasad J. K. Fly ash: a resource materifsinceal for innovative building material - indian perspective  substitute and paint from coal ash” 2nd international conference on “fly ash disposal & utilization”, new delhi, india, (2000) @No $ @ @ ShabudeenP.S.Syed, Study of the Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by using Solid Agricultural Waste Res. J. Chem. Sci.,1(1), 88-104 (2011) @No $ @ @ PandeyBhawana and Fulekar M. H Environmental Management- strategies for chemical disaster, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,1(1), 111-117 (2011) @No $ @ @ Murhekar Gopalkrushna  H., Assessment of Physico-Chemical Status of Ground Water Samples in Akot city, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,1(4), 117-124 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya Tanushree, Chakraborty S., Fadadu Bhumika and Bhattacharya Piyal, Heavy metal concentrations in Street and Leaf Deposited Dust in Anand city, India, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(5), 61-66 (2011) @No