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Groundwater Level and Rainfall Variability Trend Analysis using GIS in parts of Jharkhand state (India) for Sustainable Management of Water Resources

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215,Jharkhand, INDIA
  • 2School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, INDIA
  • 3School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 1, Issue (4), Pages 24-31, November,22 (2012)

Abstract

The present study entails groundwater level variability analysis and its relationship with rainfall for the drought affected Palamu District of Jharkhand State. The sum of least squares method was adopted to analyse the relationship of groundwater level variability with the rainfall trends. The analysis revealed that this region during the post-monsoon season exhibit shallow depth of water level (2-3m) which declines upto 8-10m during pre-monsoon in the month of May. The declining trend of water level is more conspicuous at those places which are located relatively at lower elevation. Although the south-eastern region exhibits an increase in the rainfall over the years, yet the average water level is very deep indicating large water losses due to runoff. On the contrary, the southern region shows an increase in the amount of rainfall over the years with concomitant increase in the water level indicating a positive relationship between rainfall and depth of water level. The spatio-temporal rainfall trend analysis performed using interpolation in GIS provided conceptual understanding for developing large water harvesting structures in those regions which exhibit an increase in rainfall and the need for developing a number of small water harvesting structures to recharge the groundwater in rainfall declining zones.

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