@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Effect of Endosulfan on Indole acetic acid and Gibberellin secretion by Azospirillum SPP NCIM-2548 and Azotobacter SPP NCIM-2452<#LINE#>M.@TamboliAsma,R.@BhosalePallavi,G.@ChondeSonal,@GhoshJaiS.,D.@RautPrakash<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-035.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Science, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, INDIA Department of Microbiology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, INDIA<#LINE#>04/9/2012<#LINE#>18
/9/2012<#LINE#> In this study an attempt has been made to study the effect of endosulfan, which has half life of 50 days. Certain microorganisms in soil like Azospirillum, which is an associative nitrogen fixer, also secrete Indole Acetic Acid. Like wise Azotobactor secrete Gibberellic acid. Both these are essential plant growth regulators. These substances play importance role in mineral binding to plant from soil and in seed germination. However it has been observed that residual endosulfan at a very low concentration of 50 ppm, is enough to inhibit the generation of these important chemicals.  <#LINE#> @ @ Jayashree R. and Vasudevan N., Persistence and distribution of endosulfan under field conditions, Environ Monit Assess131, 475–487 (2007) @No $ @ @ Tejera1 N., Lluch1C. Mart inez-Toledo M.V. and Gonz alez-Lopez J., Isolation and characterization of Azotobacter and Azospirillum strains from the sugarcane rhizosphere, Plant and Soil, 270, 223–232 (2005) @No $ @ @ Kumar N., Bora J.I.A., Amb M.K. and Kumar R.N., An Evaluation of Pesticide Stress Induced Proteins in Three Cyanobacterial species Anabaena fertilissima, Aulosira  fertilissima and Westiellopsis prolifica Using SDS-PAGE, Advances in Environmental Biology 5, 739-745 (2011) @No $ @ @ UNEP Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Geneva UNEP/POPS/POPRC.6/13/Add., 1, 1-24 (2010) @No $ @ @ Cerrilloa I., Granadaa A., Espinosaa M.J.L., Olmosa B., Jimeneza M., Canob A., Nicolas O. and Olea-Serrano M.F., Endosulfan and its metabolites in fertile women, placenta, cord blood and human milk, Environmental Research,98(2), 233-239 (2005) @No $ @ @ George T., Beevi S.N. and Gowri P., Persistence of endosulfan in soils. Pesticide Research Journal,21, 109-111 (2009) @No $ @ @ Pereira J.L., Picanco M.C., Silva A.A., Santos E.A., Tome H.V. and Olarte J.B., Effect of  Glyphosate and Endosulfan on soil micro organisms in soyabean crop, Planta Daninha, 26, 825-830 (2008) @No $ @ @ Prasad M.N.V., Aquatic plants for phytotechnology, In Environmental Bioremediation Technologies, Eds S.N. Singh and R.D. Tripathi,  259-274 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kanimozhi K. and Panneerselvam A., Investigation of soil characters and Azospirillum isolated from paddy soils of Thanjavur district, Archives of Applied Science Research3, 526-536 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bottini R., Cassán F. and Piccoli P., Gibberellin production by bacteria and its involvement in plant growth promotion and yield increase, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol 65, 497-503 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya A., Power J.B. and Davey N.R., Genetic  manipulation of Gibberellin (GA) Oxidase Genes in Nicotiana Sylvestris using constitutive promoter to modify plant Architecture, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(5), 1-7 (2012) @No $ @ @ Burlinghams K., Growth regulators produced by Azotobacter in culture media,Ann.Rep.Rothamsted Exp. Stat., 92 (1964) @No $ @ @ Raval A.A. and Desai P.B, Rhizobacteria from Rhizosphere of sun flower (Helianthus annuus L.) and their effect on plant growth, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(6), 58-61(2012) @No $ @ @ Brown M.E. and Burlingham S.K.,Production of Plant Growth Substances by Azotobacter  chroococcum,J. Gen. Microbiol, 53, 135-144 (1968) @No $ @ @ Dobbelaere S., Croonenborghs A., Thys A., Ptacek D., Vanderleyden J., Dutto P., Labanderagonz Á.C., Caballero M.J., Aguirre J.F., Kapulnik Y., Brener S., Burdman S., Kadouri D., Sarig S. and Okon Y., Responses of agronomically important crops to inoculation with Azospirillum, Aust. J. Plant Physiol.,28, 871-879 (2001) @No $ @ @ Singhal V., Indian agriculture, published by Indian Economic Data Research Centre, New Delhi, 799, (2003) @No $ @ @ EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), Opinion of the scientific panel on contaminants in the food chain on a request from the commission related to endosulfan as undesirable substance in animal feed, EFSA J.,234, 1–29 (2005) @No  
<#LINE#>Zooplanktonic Fauna in Relation to Physico-Chemical Characteristics in Madar Tank, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India<#LINE#>Vipul@Sharma,Bhoopendra Kumar @ Verma,Madhu Sudan @ Sharma<#LINE#>5-10<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-040.pdf<#LINE#>2  Department of Zoology, University College of Science, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA @ Vice-chancellor University of Kota, Rajasthan, INDIA <#LINE#>10/9/2012<#LINE#>22nd/9/2012<#LINE#> Aquatic ecosystems consist of physico-chemical and biotic components. Physico-chemical parameters are directly affecting to diversity of flora and fauna of water bodies. Madar Tank (24°41'3"N 73°36'20"E) was mainly built as a storage reservoir to fill water in Fatehsagar through a canal. Study was undertaken (seasonal study for two annual cycles) to assess different physico-chemical parameters, primary production and Zooplanktonic fauna of Madar. The mean value of physico- chemical parameters of water were analyzed such as pH (7.85), depth of visibility (81.38 cm), electrical conductance (0.745 mS/cm), TDS (476.61 ppm), chloride (115.83 ppm), alkalinity (124 ppm) and hardness (177.33ppm) that showed low mean values. Average dissolved oxygen level was recorded as 6.9 ppm while average nitrate and phosphate levels were 3.478 ppm and 2.6802 ppm respectively. The primary production was an analyzed 261.64mgc/m2/hr. On the basis of water quality parameters in general, Madar tank was found to be mesotrophic.  During the present investigation, 10 species of Protozoans belonging to 9 genera, 31 species of Rotifers belonging to 14 genera were recorded. Along with these 17 species of Cladocerans belonging to 10 genera, 4 species of 4 genera belonging to Copepoda and 2 forms of Ostracods were also enlisted. After including occasional zooplankters like insects and their larvae, crustacean larvae, spiders and mites (2) total 68 forms of zooplankters were recorded. <#LINE#> @ @ Gaston, K.J., What is biodiversity? In biodiversity: A biology of number and difference, Gaston, K.J. (ed.), Blackwell science,London, 3-8 (1996) @No $ @ @ Michael R.G. and Sharma B.K., Fauna of India and Adjacent Countries. Indian cladocera (Crustacea: Branchipoda: Cladocera), Zoological Survey of India (1987) @No $ @ @ Rao N.G., Synecology of the lake Rangsagar in relation to Limnology and eutrophication, Ph.D. Thesis, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur (Rajasthan) India (1987) @No $ @ @ Saxena M.M. and Soota T.D., Gross primary productivity of some waters of the Indian desert, Trans. Isdt. Ucds., 8(1), 76-78 (1983) @No $ @ @ Vankataraman K. and Das S.R., Freshwater cladocera (Crustacea : Branchiopoda) of Southern West Bengal, J. Andaman, Sci. Associ.,9(162), 19-24 (1993) @No $ @ @ Kumar A., Bohra C. and Kumari P., Monitoring of sewage pollution in lentic fresh water ecosystems with special reference to zooplankton, Current topics in Environmental Sciences, 4, 107 (2001) @No $ @ @ Sharma M.S., Chisty N., Sharma V., Malara H. and Sharma R., Biodiversity of Zooplankton in Rajasthan waters, Proceedings Taal 2007 : 12th World Lake Conference(2007) @No $ @ @ Sharma R., Sharma V., Sharma M.S., Verma B.K., Modi R. and Gaur K.S., Studies on Limnological Characteristic, Planktonic Diversity and Fishes (Species) in Lake Pichhola, Udaipur, Rajasthan (India), Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology, 1(3), 274-285 (2011) @No $ @ @ Shivayogimath C.B., Kalburgi P.B., Deshannavar U.B. and Virupakshaiah D.B.M., Water Quality Evaluation of River Ghataprabha, India, I Res. J. Environment Sci.,1(1), 12-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ Patil S.G., Chonde S.G., Jadhav A.S. and Raut P.D., Impact of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Shivaji University lakes on Phytoplankton Communities, Kolhapur, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(2), 56-60 (2012) @No $ @ @ Parikh Ankita N. and Mankodi P.C., Limnology of Sama Pond, Vadodara City, Gujarat, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(1), 16-21 (2012) @No $ @ @ Malik G.M., Joshi M.P., Zadafiya S.K. and Raval V.H., Study on Physico-Chemical Characterization of Some Lotic System of South Gujarat, India, Res.J.Chem.Sci.,2(1), 83-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Deshpande S.M. and Aher K.R., Evaluation of Groundwater Quality and its Suitability for Drinking andAgriculture use in Parts of Vaijapur, District Aurangabad, MS, India, Res.J.Chem.Sci.,2(1), 25-31 (2012) @No $ @ @ Parihar S.S., Kumar A., Kumar Ajay, Gupta R.N., Pathak Manoj, Shrivastav Archana and Pandey A.C., Physico- Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of underground Water in and Around Gwalior City, MP, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(6), 62-65 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sharma M.S. and Durve V. S., Trophic status and fishery potential of Rajasthan waters, Proc. nat. Sympos. Evalu. Environ., (SPL. Vol. Geobios: eds. S.D. Mishra, Sen D.N. and Ahmad I.) 180-186 (1985) @No $ @ @ Nasar S.A. K., Investigations on the seasonal periodicity of zooplankton in a freshwater pond in Bhagalpur, India, Acta. Hydrochim,Hydrobiol., , 577-584 (1977) @No $ @ @ Sumitra M., Sharma R., Sharma V., and Sharma M.S., Trophic status  of lake Pichhola in relation to physicochemical characteristics of its water, National symposium on Limnology,  244-248 (2007) @No $ @ @ Vipul S., Verma B. K., Sharma R., Sharma M. S., Gaur K. S., A report on the freshwater Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) of south Rajasthan (India), International Journal of Environmental Sciences 3(1) 276-296 (2012) @No $ @ @Gupta M.C., Nutrient dynamics, Plankton and productivity of reservoir Amarchand (District – Rajsamand), Southern Rajasthan, In relation to Fisheries development, Ph.D. Thesis. Department of Limnology and Fisheries, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner Campus : Udaipur (313001), 1-314 (1992) @No $ @ @ Sharma L.L. and Gupta M.C., Seasonal variations in selected limno-chemical parameters of Amarchand reservoir, Southern Rajasthan, Poll. Res.,13(2), 217-226 (1994) @No $ @ @ Braunstein C. and Coker D., A water quality monitoring project, North Carolina Edition, Estuary Net NOAA Washington, DC (1996) @No $ @ @ Sharma M.S., Liyaquat F., Barber D. and Chisty N., Biodiversity of freshwater zooplankton in relation to heavy metal pollution, Poll. Res., 19(1), 147-157 (2000) @No $ @ @ APHA-AWWA-WPCF, Standard methods for examination of water and waste water, American Public Health Association, Washington D.C. (17th ed.,) 1452 (1989) @No $ @ @ Pandey J. and Sharma M. S., Env. Sci. Practical and field manual, Yash Pub. House, Bikaner (2003) @No $ @ @ Edmondson W.T., Fresh water biology. Second eds. John Wiley & Sons. Inc. New York, 1248 (1992) @No $ @ @Hutchinson G.E., A Treatise on Limnology, Wiley, New York (1957) @No $ @ @ Reid O.K., Ecology of Inland waters and Esturaries, Reinhold Corp., New York, 375 (1961) @No $ @ @ Ranu, Studies on toxicity of textile effluents to fresh water Zooplankton, Ph.D. thesis, MLSU, Udaipur (2001) @No $ @ @ Chisty N., Studies on biodiversity of freshwater zooplankton in relation to toxicity of selected heavy metals, Ph.D. Thesis, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur (2002) @No $ @ @ Wetzel R.G., Limnology, second edition Saunders College Publishing House, U.S.A., 767 (1983) @No $ @ @ Ruttner F., Fundamental of Limnology, Univ. of Toronto Press, Toronto, 242 (1953) @No $ @ @ Russel-Hunter W.D., Aquatic Productivity, Mcmillin, London, 306 (1970) @No 
<#LINE#>Design and Analysis of Fluidized Bed Gasifier for Chicken Litter along with Agro Wastes<#LINE#>B.S@Dayananda@,L.K.@Sreepathi<#LINE#>11-16<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-044.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA @ Department of Mechanical Engineering, J.N.N. College of Engineering, Shimoga, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>11/9/2012<#LINE#>20/9/2012<#LINE#> With the purpose of utilizing the energy content of chicken litter, design of fluidized bed gasifier for chicken litter was carried out.  The design methodology adopted by other investigators for rice husk was used in the present case with properties of chicken litter as input data.  A pilot scale gasifier was fabricated as per the design. Performance tests were conducted with the fabricated gasifier. The results showed that the design procedure adopted was adequate. The gasification test results were comparable to the same quoted in the literature. <#LINE#> @ @ Annual Report, Department of Animal husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi (2010) @No $ @ @ Kelleher B.P., Leahy J.J., Henihan A.M., Dwyer T.F.O’, Sutton D. and Leahy M.J., Advances in poultry litter disposal technology- a review, Bio-resource Technology, 83, 27 -36 (2002) @No $ @ @ Abelha P., Gulyurtlu I., Boavida J.S., Carbita I., Leahy J.J., Kellehe, B. and Leahy M.,Combustion of chicken litter in a fluidized bed combustor, The second International Mediterranean bed combustion symposium, January 6 -11 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ragnar Warnecke, gasification of bio-mass : Comparison of Fixed bed and Fluidized Bed gasifier, Bio-mass and Bio-energy”, 18, 49 -497 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ramirez J.J., Martinez J.D. and Petro S.L., Basic Design of fluidized bed gasifier for rice Husk on a pilot scale, Latin American Applied Research, 37, 299 -306 (2007) @No $ @ @ Perry’s Chemical Engineering Hand Book, 6thEdition (2002) @No $ @ @ Arena U., Gregorio F.D.,, Mastellone M.L., Santoro D. and Zaccariello L., bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasification of a poultry Farm waste , XXXIV Meeting of the Italian section of the combustion Institute, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Naples, Caserta, Italy (2007) @No $ @ @ Paulo. R. Wander, Carlos R., Altafini, Ronaldo.M. Barreto, Assessment of small saw dust gasification Unit , Bio-mass and bio-energy, 27, 467 – 476 (2003) @No $ @ @ Zhu. S. and Lee S.W.,Co-combustion performance of poultry wastes and natural gas in the advanced Swirling Fluidized Bed Combustor, Waste  Management, 25, 511 -518 (2005) @No 
<#LINE#>Variation in Sensitivity of Two Economically Important Plants To Thermal Power Plant Emissions, Angul District, Orissa, India<#LINE#>Rekha@Nayak,Rupnarayan @ Sett ,Debasis@Biswal<#LINE#>17-26<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-047.pdf<#LINE#>Kalyani Laboratories, 1867 Bomikhal, Bhubaneswar -751010, Orissa, INDIA @ Division of Forest Ecology and Rehabilitation, Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur- 482021, M.P. INDIA <#LINE#>24/9/2012<#LINE#>6/10/2012<#LINE#> In a study conducted, we evaluated two fruit trees of their responses to emissions from thermal power plants. The study was conducted in all directions within a perimeter of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 kilometers from thermal power plant. In the study, fluctuations in total chlorophyll, phosphorus, sulphur, total soluble sugars and phenol content in leaves and percentage of leaf damage were studied as response parameters. The resultant data indicates that the degree of response increased with decreasing distance from the source of pollution in relativity to a reference site situated at 15 km. Both the plants exhibited different reactions to the power plant emissions. The sensitivity index calculated was based on the percentage of leaf injury and biochemical parameters. The sensitivity index for Mangifera indica found was 231.3 and that of Sizygium cumini was 250.9. Mangifera indica with a lower sensitivity index was a tolerant species than Sizygium cumini to power plant emissions. <#LINE#> @ @ Singh N., Ali G., Soh W.Y. and Iqbal M., Growth Responses And Hyoscyamine Content Of Datura InnoxiaUnder the Influence of Coal Smoke Pollution, Jour. of Plant Biol., (43), 69-75 (2000) @No $ @ @ Gupta M.C. and Iqbal M., Ontogenetic Histological Changes in the Wood of Mango (Mangifera Indica L. Cv Deshi) Exposed to Coal-Smoke Pollution, Env. and Exp. Bot., (54), 248-255 (2005) @No $ @ @ Verma A. and Singh S. N., Biochemical and Ultrastructural Changes in Plant Foliage Exposed to Auto Pollution, Env. Monit. and Assess., (120), 585-602 (2006) @No $ @ @ Prajapati S. K. and Tripathi B. D., Seasonal Variation of Leaf Dust Accumulation and Pigment Content in Plant Species Exposed to Urban Particulates Pollution, J. of Env. Qual., (37) 865-870 (2008) @No $ @ @ Seyyednejad S.M., Niknejad M. and Koochak H., A Review of Some Different Effects of Air Pollution on Plants, Res. J. of Env. Sci., (4), 302-309 (2011) @No $ @ @ Giovanni L., Giovanna B., Rolf T.W., Siegwolf M., Saurer U., Morra di Cella, Paolo C. and Manuela P, Climatic Isotope Signals in Tree Rings Masked by Air Pollution: A Case Study Conducted Along the Mont Blanc Tunnel Access Road (Western Alps, Italy), Atmos. Env., (61), 169–179 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dwivedi A. K. and Tripathi B.D., Pollution Tolerance and Distribution Pattern of Plants in the Surrounding Areas of Coal Fired Industries, J. of Env. Biol., (28), 257-263 (2007) @No $ @ @ West P.W. and Gaeke G.C., Fixation of SO as Sulphitomercurate (II) and Subsequent Colorimetric Determination, Anal. Chem., (28), 1816 - 1819 (1956) @No $ @ @ Hicks W.K., Leith, I.D., Woodin, S.J. and Fowler, D., Can foliar Nitrogen concentration of upland vegetation be used for predicting atmospheric Nitrogen deposition? Evidences from field surveys, Env. Pollut.(107), 367-379 (2000) @No $ @ @ Sadasivam S. and Manikam A., Biochemical Methods for Agricultural Sciences, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi (1992) @No $ @ @ Sawhney S.K. and Singh R., Introductory Practical Biochemistry, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi (2002) @No $ @ @ Dickman S.R. and Bray R.H., Colorimetric determination of Phosphate. - Industrial and Engineering Chem. Anal.,(12), 665-668 (1930) @No $ @ @ Wilde S.A., Corey R.B., Iyer J.G. and Voigt G.K., Soil and Plant Analysis for Tree Culture, Oxford and IBH publishing Co. New Delhi (1979) @No $ @ @ Farmer A., Effects of particulates In: Bell, J. N. B. and Treshow M. (Ed.) Air pollution and plant life, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York (2002) @No $ @ @ Agrawal M. and Agrawal S.B., Phytomonitoring of air pollution around thermal power plants, Atmos. Env., (23), 763-769 (1989) @No $ @ @ Rai A.,  Kulshreshtha K., Srivastava P.K. and Mohanty C.S., Leaf Surface Structure Alterations due to Particulate Pollution in Some Common Plants, Environmentalist, (30), 18-23 (2010) @No $ @ @ Wali B.M. and Iqbal M., Plant Growth, Stomatal Response, Pigments and Photosynthesis of Althea Officinalis as Affected by SO Stress, Ind. Jour. of Plant Physiol., (9) 224- 233 (2004) @No $ @ @ Williams A.J. and Banerjee S.K., Effect of Thermal Power Plant Emission on the Metabolic Activities of  Mangifera Indica and Shorea Robusta, Env. and Ecol.(13) 914 - 919 (1995) @No $ @ @ Maier K., Hinze H. and Leuschel L., Mechanism of Sulfite Action on the Energy Metabolism of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae,  Biochemica Et Biophysica Acta, (848),120-130 (1985) @No $ @ @ Hinze H. and Holzer H., Analysis of the Energy Metabolism after Incubation of Saccharomyces Cerevisiaewith Sulfite or Nitrite, Arch. of Microbiol., (145), 27-31 (1986) @No $ @ @ Caldwell C.R., Effect of Elevated Manganese on the Ultraviolet- And Blue Light-Absorbing Compounds of Cucumber Cotyledon and Leaf Tissues, J. Plant. Nutr., (212), 435-445 (1998) @No $ @ @ Siddiqui Z.S. and Ahmed S., Effects of Systemic Fungicides on Protein, Carbohydrate, Amino Acids and Phenolic Contents of Susceptible (Mexipak) and Resistant (Povan) varieties of Triticum aestivum L, Turk. Jour. of Bot., (26), 127-130 (2002) @No $ @ @ Sanchez E., Soto J.M., Garcia P.C., Lopez-Lefebre L.R., Rivero R.M., Ruiz J.M. and  Romero L., Phenolic Compounds and Oxidative Metabolism in Green Bean Plants under Nitrogen Toxicity, Austr. Jour. of Plant Physiol., (27), 973-978 (2000) @No $ @ @ Prakash D., Upadhyay G., Singh B.N., Dhakarey R., Kumar S. and Singh K.K., Free scavenging activities of Himalayan Rhododendron, Curr. Sci., (92), 526 - 532 (2007) @No $ @ @ Seyyednejad S.M., Niknejad M. and Yusefi M., Study of air pollution effects on some physiology and morphology factors of Albizia lebbeck in high temperature condition in Khuzestan, Jour. of Plant Sci.,(4) 122-126 (2009) @No $ @ @ Abedi I., Ghorbanli M. and Seyyednejad S.M., A study on resistance of Prosopis juliflora (s.w) D. C. to industrial air pollution by using assay of soluble sugar and some antioxidant enzymes, Proceedings of the first national Conference Iran Plant Physiology, Abstract, (NCIPPA’09), Iranian Society of Plant Physiology,69-69 (2009) @No $ @ @ Koochak H. and Seyyed Nejad S.M., Some morphological changes and physiological responses due to air pollution in Prosopis juliflora plant, Abstract, Proceedings of the 16thNational and 4th International Conference of Biology, (NICB’10), Mashhad, Iran, 1414-1414 (2010) @No $ @ @ Banerjee S.K. Air pollution and vegetation, In: Trivedi, P.C. (Ed.) Pollution and Bioremediation, Aavishkar Publisher, Jaypore, (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Experimental Study on Effect of Window Location and Surface Absorptivity on Temperature inside an Enclosure<#LINE#>Vedavyasa@Mathad,S Rajagopal @ Madurai , K Sreepathi @Lingadalli<#LINE#>27-31<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-049.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Mechanical Engineering, Global Academy of Technology, Bangalore, INDIA @ Department of Mechanical Engineering, JNN College of Engineering, Shimoga, INDIA <#LINE#>25/9/2012<#LINE#>11

/1/<#LINE#> This paper presents the effect of outlet window location and surface absorptivity inside an enclosure on temperature, external surfaces subjected to variable heat flux boundary condition.  For analysis, scaled down size of a typical room has been considered, the enclosure has inner dimension 50cm x 40cm x 30cm (LxBxH), with the longer side oriented along east-west direction.  The walls and roof of the enclosure are made of 10mm thick asbestos sheet.  A door of 10 cm height from the floor is considered as inlet.  Experiments were conducted for outlet window of 10 cm height located at 10cm, 15 cm, 20 c measured from the floor.  The external surfaces roof, east wall and west walls were heated using electrical heating coil strips.  For each window configuration, temperatures of the air inside the room were recorded using data acquisition system at fifteen locations for every five minutes.  From the results, it was observed that for higher surface absorptivity, lower temperature index was observed when outlet window is at mid height     (h = 0.5) of the west wall. It was also observed that as the surface absorptivity at the external surfaces decreases, window at location h = 0.33 provides lower temperature index.<#LINE#> @ @ Jayaraj S., Energy Efficient Buildings, NIT, Calicut, October 14-15 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sinha L., Arora R.C. and Roy Subhransu, Numerical simulation of two-dimensional room air flow with and without buoyancy, Energy and Buildings, 32, 121(2000) @No $ @ @ Dubovsky V., Zisking G., Druckman S., Moshka E., Weiss Y. and Letn R., Natural convection inside ventilated  enclosure heated by downward-facing plate: experiment and numerical simulations, International Journal of  Heat and Mass Transfer, 44, 3155-3168 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ziskind G ., Dubovsky V. and Letan R., Ventilation by natural convection of a one-story building, Energy and Buildings, 34, 91-102 (2002) @No $ @ @ Khedari Joseph, Boonsri Boonlert and Hirunlabh Jongjit, Ventilation impact of a solar chimney on indoor temperature fluctuation and air change in a school building, Energy and Buildings, 32, 89-93 (2000) @No $ @ @ Prianto E. and Depecker  P., Characteristic of airflow as the effect of balcony, opening design and internal division on indoor velocity- A case study of traditional dwelling in urban living quarter in tropical humid region, Energy and Buildings,34, 401-409 (2002) @No $ @ @ Raman P., Mande Sanjay and Kishore V.V.N., A Passive Solar System for Thermal Comfort Conditioning of Buildings in Composite Climates, Solar Energy, 70, 319-329 (2001) @No $ @ @ Yi Jiang, Donald Alexander,  Huw Jenkins, Rob Arthur and Qingyan Chen, Natural ventilation in buildings: measurement in a wind tunnel and numerical simulation with large-eddy simulation, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 91, 331-353 (2003) @No $ @ @ Vedavyasa M., Sreepathi L.K. and Rajagopal M.S. Effect of window location and ventilator  on Temperature Distribution inside an Enclosure – Experimental Study, International Journal of Mechanics and Thermodynamics, 3(1), 19-26 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mani, Handbook of Solar Radiation Data for India, Allied Publishers, New Delhi, 127 (1980) @No $ @ @ Sukhatme Suhas P., Solar Energy, Tata McTGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 74 @No $ @ @ Tiwari G.N., Upadhyay M. and Rai S.N., A Comparison of Passive Cooling Techniques, Building and Environment 29,  21-31 (1994) @No 
<#LINE#>Impact of Industrial Effluent Discharge on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Agricultural Soil<#LINE#>Kiran D. @ Ladwani Krishna D @ Ladwani ,VivekS.@ Manik, Dilip S.@Ramteke<#LINE#>32-36<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-053.pdf<#LINE#>Environmental Impact and Risk Assessment Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, INDIA <#LINE#>05/10/2012<#LINE#>12
/10/2012<#LINE#> Rapid industrialization affects the environment in different ways by discharging the large amount of effluent as waste water in the surrounding water bodies, causing the serious problems to environment. Due to lack of irrigation water in the present study area canal water was used in which effluents from various industries were being discharged. Canal water was containing high COD, BOD values and higher heavy metal content and the soil irrigated with this water was showing the poor status of the nutrients and high contamination of heavy metals. The present study was to evaluate the various adverse effects on the soil characteristics irrigated with discharged water.<#LINE#> @ @ Ademoroti C.M.A. and Sridhar M.K.C., Fluidized bed technique in Physico-chemical treatment of wastewater, J. Effluent and Water Treatment, 19, 91-97 (1979) @No $ @ @ Asia I.O. and Ademoroti M.A., Performance of some coagulants/flocculants in Physico-chemical treatment of aluminum extrusion sludge, Proc. Chem. Soc. Nig, 47, (2001) @No $ @ @ Abdel-Shafy H.I. and Abdel-Basir S.E., Chemical treatment of industrial wastewater, Environ. Manage. Health. 2, 19-23 (1991) @No $ @ @ Guiliano V., Pangnanelli F., Bornoronl L., Toro L. and Abbruzzese C., Toxic elements at a disused mine district: Particle size distribution and total concentration in stream, sediments and mine tailing, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 148, 409-418 (2007) @No $ @ @ Baskaran L., Sankar Ganesh K., Chidambaram A.L.A. and Sundaramoorthy P., Amelioration of Sugar Mill Effluent Polluted Soil and its Effect on Green gram (Vigna radiate L.), Botany Research International, 2 (2), 131-135 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mc Laughlin Parker M.J., Clarke D.R., J.M., Metals and Micronutrients- Food Safety Issue, Field Crop Res.,60, 43-163 (1999) @No $ @ @ Nriago J.O and Pacyna M., Quantitative assessment of worldwide of air, water and soil by trace metals, Nature. 333, 134-139 (1988) @No $ @ @ Nriago J.O., Global metal pollution poisoning the biosphere, Environ.,32, 7-33 (1990) @No $ @ @ Hernandez-Allica J., Garbisu C., Barrutia O., and Becerril J.M., EDTA induced heavy metal accumulation and phytotoxicity in carbon plants, Environ Exper. Bot., 60 (1), 26-32 (2007) @No $ @ @ Udom B.E., Mbagwa J.S.C., Andensodun J.K. and Agbim N.N., Distribution of Zinc, Copper, Cadmium and Lead in tropical Ultisol after long term disposal of sewage sludge, Environ. Int.,30(4), 467 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sharma R.K., Agrawal M. and Marshall F.M, Heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) contamination of vegetables in Urban India: a case study at Varanasi, Environ. Pollution,154, 254-263 (2008) @No $ @ @ Carrizales L., Razo I., Tellez-Hernandez J.I., Torres. Nerio R., Torres A., Batres L.E., Cubillas A.C., diaz-Barriga F., Exposure to arsenic and lead of children living near a copper smeller in Sanluis Potosi, Mexico; Importance of soil contamination for exposure of children, Environmental research,101, 1-10 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hindwood A.L., Sim M.R., Jolley D., de klerk N., Bastone E.B., Gerostamoulos J., Drummer, O.H., Exposure to inorganic arsenic concentration of residents living in old mining areas, Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 26, 27-36 (2004) @No $ @ @ Pruvot C., Douay F., Herve F. and Waterlot C., Heavy metals in soil crops and grass as a source of human exposure in the former mining areas, Journal of soils and sediments, 215-220 (2006) @No $ @ @ APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. American Public Health Association, Washington D.C. (21st edn) (2005) @No $ @ @ Jackson M.L., Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (1973) @No $ @ @ Richard L.A., Diagnoses and improvement of saline and alkalis soil, Agricultural hand book, USDA, USA, 60 (1954) .Jackson M.L., Soil Chemical Analysis Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (1962) @No $ @ @ Olsen S.R., Cole C.V., Watanable, F.S. and Dean L.A., Estimation of Available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate, United States. Department of Agricultural Circular,19, 939 (1954) @No 
<#LINE#>Study of the Purification Efficiencies of three Floating Macrophytes in Waste water Treatment<#LINE#>M.P.@Aina,N.M.@Kpondjo,J.@Adounkpe,D.@Chougourou,M.@Moudachirou<#LINE#>37-43<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-063.pdf<#LINE#>Lab. des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau de l’Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey Calavi, Université de Abomey-Calavi 01, Cotonou. Rep. BENIN @ Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquée de la Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques. Université d’Abomey Calavi 01 BP 528 Cotonou. Rep. BENIN @ Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et des Huiles essentielles de l’Université d’Abomey – Calavi 01 BP 526 Cotonou Rep. BENIN <#LINE#>18/6/2012<#LINE#>26/6/2012<#LINE#> In Benin, wastewater treatment remains a recurrent problem. While new technologies are in use around the world, sewage treatment process, adapted to the contexts of developing countries is almost inexistent. To overcome these deficiencies and provide practical experience for domestic wastewater treatment, phyto-purification tests on domestic wastewater has been conducted on the Campus of the University of Abomey-Calavi (CUAC). The work focused on three floating species which are Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms-Laub. (Water hyacinth), Pistia stratiotes L. (Water lettuce) and Lemna minor L. (Duckweed). A mini system was installed and consisted of an anaerobic lagoon and three different floating macrophyte ponds. The parallel position of the  floating macrophyte ponds allowed,  during the first phase, to assess the wastewater purification efficiency of individual floating macrophytes.; this was achieved by monitoring the pollution level of the wastewater in terms of its : SS, COD, BOD, TKN, N-NO ,P – PO3-, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci and monitoring operational parameters such as T, pH, E , turbidity, electrical conductivity. The results of the first phase showed that water hyacinth has been effective in the removal of carbon and nitrogen for COD 70%, 52.8% BOD, TKN 78.3% while water lettuce achieved nitrogen (N-NO) and P –PO3-, forms abatement at 20.0%, and 92.6% respectively. Duckweed was successful in reducing 35.6% of TKN, and 100% of coliform and fecal streptococci. The complementary effect of the potential of the studied species in a mixed system of floating lagoon gives even better returns, provide that the limit of the salinity content to 1.126 µS / cm in wastewater tolerable by the macrophytes is observed.<#LINE#> @ @ Direction de l’Hygiène et de l’Assainissement de Base, Guide d’élaboration et de mise en œuvre du plan d’hygiène et d’assainissement communal, Document principal, 51 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ministère de l’Energie et de l’Eau, Stratégie Nationale d’Assainissement des Eaux Usées en milieu urbain (2008-2015), Rapport, Bénin, 31 (2007) @No $ @ @ Chan Y.J., Chong M.F., Law C.L. and Hassell D.G., A review on anaerobic–aerobic treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater, J.Chem. Eng.,155, 1–18 (2009) @No $ @ @ Brouillet J.L., Picot B., Sambuco J.P., Gaillard L., Sotoreas G. and Valarié I., Ecotechniques d’assainissement des eaux usées domestiques : Evolution et perspectives. XIIIème Congrès Mondial de l’Eau. Rapport. 1 - 4 septembre 2008 (Montpellier), 17 (2008) @No $ @ @ Valipour A., Kalyan Raman V. and Ghole V.S., A new approach in wetland systems for domestic wastewater treatment using Phragmites sp, Ecol. Eng.,35, 1797–1803 (2009) @No $ @ @ Malecki-Brown L.M., White J.R. and Brix H., Alum application to improve water quality in a municipal wastewater treatment wetland : Effects on macrophyte growth and nutrient uptake, Chemosphere 79, 186–192 2010) 7.Koné D.,Epuration des eaux usées par lagunage à Microphytes et à Macrophytes en Afrique de l'Ouest et au Centre : état des lieux, performances épuratoires et critères de dimensionnement. Thèse de Doctorat ès Sciences Techniques. Faculté Environnement Naturel, Architectural Et Construit / Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (N° 2653) , 170 (2002) @No $ @ @ Adam K., Boko M., Le Bénin, EDICEF, Paris., 95 (1983) @No $ @ @ Akouèdégni C.G., Efficacité des feuilles de Spondia mombin sur la production laitière des ovins Djallonké. Mém. DEA. Département des Sciences et Techniques de Production Animale / FSA / UAC, 47 (2011) @No $ @ @ Effébi K.R., Lagunage anaérobie : modélisation combinant la décantation primaire et la dégradation anaérobie. Thèse de Doctorat en Sciences. Unité Assainissement et Environnement / Département Sciences et Gestion de l’Environnement / Université de Liège Campus d’ARLON, 165 (2009) @No $ @ @ Malick G.M., Raval V.H., Zadyfia S.K. and Patej A.V., Idol immersion and Physico-Chimicalproperties of South Gujarat rivers, India, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(3), 21-25 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nya J., Brissaud F., Kengne I.M., Drakides C., Amougo A., Atangana Eteme R., Fonkou T., Agendia P. L.,Traitement des eaux usées domestiques au Cameroun : Performances épuratoires comparées du lagunage à macrophytes et du lagunage à microphytes.Proceedings of International Symposium on Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Management, 7-10 janvier 2002, Tunis (EPCOWM 2002) , 726-736(2002) @No $ @ @ Mandi L., Darley J., Barbe J., Baleux B.,Essais d'épuration des eaux usées de Marrakech par la jacinthe d'eau (Charges organique, bactérienne et parasitologique), Rev. Sci. Eau, 5 (3), 313-333 (1992) @No $ @ @ Aquadev, Assainissement urbain en Afrique. Actes de séminaire international, Décembre 2000, Rapport, Gorée, Sénégal. S Josse 15 B 1210 Bruxelles : Altitude, 2001, 105 (2001) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Environment and Their Legal Issues in India <#LINE#>Syed Ussain@ Saheb ,Seshaiah@Sepuri,Viswanath@Buddolla<#LINE#>44-51<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-043.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Law, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur-515 003, INDIA @ Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, INDIA <#LINE#>11/9/2012<#LINE#>20
/9/2012<#LINE#> The environmental awareness needs to be cultivated in any society to be an ideal society, or rather to be more precise, in other words, an ideal society means, the society which has the environmental awareness. The dictionary meaning of the word ‘environmental’ is surrounding objects, region or circumstances and the phrase environmental awareness’ will mean that one should be aware of his surrounding so that this surrounding is not disturbed. This relation of the environment with the human life has in recent years developed into an independent branch of scientific inquiry, which goes by the name environmental science. As per the literature, the human-environment interaction goes back to the remotest possible times in the history of humanity. Sometimes, it is seen as a manifestation of a struggle between the two. There have also been times when this relationship took the form of respectable coexistence.  While the history of humanity of the last several millennia is noted for its constant and/or consistent progress in different walks of life, the mysteries of nature have often proved to be quite tempting to be solved by human thinking and actions.  The key-theme of which is that the natural balance between human life and the surroundings should not be lost. This is the basic requirement for any life to flourish especially for human life. The major contribution of this paper would be to help the respective agencies in the government in building up the environmental awareness among citizens of India. <#LINE#> @ @ Govindasamy A., India’s Pollution Nightmare: Can It Be Tackled?, Environ. Sci. Technol.,46, 13051306 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bajaj R., CITES and the wildlife trade in India, New Delhi: Centre for Environmental Law, WWF – India, 182 (1996) @No $ @ @ Divan S. and Rosencranz A., Environmental law and policy in India, cases, materials and status, 2nd edition, New York, Oxford University Press (2001) @No $ @ @ Geetanjoy S., Implications of Indian Supreme Court’s Innovations for Environmental Jurisprudence, Law, Environment and Development Journal,4(1), 1–19 (2008) @No $ @ @ Government of India (Department of Science and Technology), Report of the (Tiwari) Committee for Recommending Administrative Measures and Legislative Machinery for Ensuring Environmental Protection, New Delhi (1980) @No $ @ @ Milind K. and Gurumurthy R., The Causes and Consequences of Particulate Air Pollution in Urban India: A Synthesis of the Science, Annual Review ofEnergy and the Environment,25, 629–684 (2000) @No $ @ @ National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, Report of the Task Force to Evaluate Market Based Instruments for Industrial Pollution Abatement, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi (1997) @No $ @ @ Padia R.G., Global Concern for Environmental Hazards and Remedial Measures’, In: R.B. Singh and S. Misra (eds.) Environmental Law in India Issues and Responses, Concept Publishing House, New Delhi (1996) @No $ @ @ Das, R.C., Baral J.K., Sahu N.C. and Misras M.K., The Environmental Divide - The Dilemma of Developing Countries (1998) @No $ @ @ Environmental Law; S.C. Shastri; II Edition; Edition; Eastern Book Company (2005) @No $ @ @ Soli J., Sorabjee (Ed), Law and Justice –An anthology, Universal Law Publishing Company, New Delhi, 345 (2003) @No $ @ @ Environmental Protection Law and Policy in India; Kailash Thakur; Edition; Deep and Deep Publication Pvt. Ltd (2007) @No $ @ @ Environmental Law and Policy in India; II Edition; cases, materials and statutes; Shyam Divan Arnim Rosencrantz; Oxford India @No $ @ @ Forest Laws, Wildlife Law and the Environment; Sanjay Upadhyay, Videh Upadhyay; Edition; Lexis Nexis Buttersworthy (2002) @No $ @ @ Geetanjoy Sahu. "Implications of Indian Supreme Court’s Innovations for Environmental Jurisprudence", Law, Environment and Development Journal4(1), 1–19 (2008) @No $ @ @ Rathinam and Raja, "Economic Efficiency of Public Interest Litigations (PIL): Lessons from India" (2008) @No $ @ @ Chauhan and Chauhan. "Ecological Destruction vis-à-vis Environmental Jurisprudence in India: A Survey". J. Hum Ecol27 (3), 207–216 (2009) @No $ @ @ Alexander Fischer, "Which Road to Social Revolution? Liberalization and Constitutional Reform in India". South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg (2007) @No $ @ @ "India's Forests", Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (2009) @No $ @ @ Indira Gandhi Conservation Monitoring Centre (IGCMC), New Delhi and the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), World Conservation Monitoring Center, Cambridge, UK. Biodiversity profile for India (2001) @No $ @ @ "National Forest Commission Report, Chapters 1-8". Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (2006) @No $ @ @ "India's Forests: Forest Policy and Legislative Framework, Chapter 3-5", Ministry of Environment and Forests (2009) @No $ @ @ Environmental Issues, Law and Technology - An Indian Perspective. Ramesha Chandrappa and Ravi D.R., Research India Publication, Delhi, ISBN 978-81-904362-5-0 (2009) @No $ @ @ Milind Kandlikar, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, "2000: India: The Causes and Consequences of Particulate Air Pollution in Urban India: A Synthesis of the Science", Annual Review of Energy and the Environment,25, 629–684 (2000) @No 
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Analysis of Dumpsite soil PH in selected Dumpsites of Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria<#LINE#>S.S.@Mohammed,M.B.@Mohammed<#LINE#>52-54<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-042.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Applied Science, College of Science and Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, NIGERIA<#LINE#>11/9/2012<#LINE#>17
/9/2012<#LINE#> The H either directly or indirectly affects several mechanisms of metal retention by soils. In this research work, the H values of the refuse waste soils of some dumpsite in Kaduna Metropolis were determined so as to assess the bioavailability, mobility and solubility of the metals in the soils. The H was measured using a microprocessor H meter model 210. The H values of the soil samples from Kurmin Mashi (KM) and Narayi (NY) were acidic and that from Tudun wada (TW) was alkaline and a significant difference was indicated in the P values across the three locations. From the Duncan multiple range test, it was established that the soil from Tudun Wada (TW) dumpsite has the highest H, followed by Narayi (NY) and Kurmin Mashi (KM). <#LINE#> @ @ Uba S., Uzairu A., Harrison G.F.S, Balarabe M.L. and Okunola O. J., Assessment of heavy metals bioavailability in dumpsites of Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 7(2) 122-130 (2008) @No $ @ @ Temminghoff, E.J.M., S.E.A.T.M and F.A.M. Dettaan, Copper mobility in a copper- contaminated sandy soil as affected by pH and solid and dissolved organic matter,  Environ. Sci. Tech., 31, 1109-1115 (1997) @No $ @ @ Baranowski R., Rybak A. and Baranowska I., Speciation analysis of elements in soil samples by XRF, Polish J. Environ. Stud., 11(5), 473-482 (2002) @No $ @ @ Baham  J. and Sposito G., Proton and metal complexation by water-soluble ligands extracted from anaerobically digested sewage sludge, J. Environ. Qual., 15, 239-244 (1986) @No $ @ @ Yaman M., Okumus N., Bakirdere S. and Akdeniz I., Zinc speciation in soils and relation with its concentration in fruits,  Asi. J. Chem., 17(1), 66-72 (2005) @No $ @ @ Oyelola O.T. and A.I Babatunde, Effect of Municipal Solid Waste on the levels of Heavy Metals in Olusosun Dumpsites Soil, Lagos State, Nigeria, Int. Jor. P. App. Scs.,2(1), 17-21 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kashem M.A. and Singh B.R., Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetation in the vicinity of industries in Bangladesh, Water, Air, Soil pollut., 115 347-361 (1998) @No $ @ @ Srivastava K.P. and Singh Vikash Kumar, Impact of Air-Pollution on pHof soil of Saran, Bihar, IndiaRes. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 9-13 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nwajei G.E., Okwagi P., Nwajei R.I. and Obi-Iyeke G.E., Analytical Assessment of Trace Elements in Soils, Tomato Leaves and Fruits in the Vicinity of Paint Industry, NigeriaRes. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 22-26 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ayodele J.T. and Mohammed S.S., Zinc Speciation in Maize and Soils Res.J.chem.sci.,1(4), 98-108 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya T., Chakraborty S., Fadadu B. and Bhattacharya P., Heavy metal concentrations in Street and Leaf Deposited Dust in Anand city, India Res.J.chem.sci.,1(5), 61-66 (2011) @No $ @ @ Abii T.A., Levels of Heavy Metals (Cr, Pb, Cd) Available for Plants within Abandoned Mechanic Workshops in Umuahia Metropolis, Res.J.chem.sci.,2(2), 79-82 (2012) @No $ @ @ Chamon, A.S, Modd M.N, Faiz B., Rahman M.H and Elahi S.F., Speciation Analysis of Nickel in the soils of Tejgaon Industrial Area of Bangladesh, Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res., 44(1), 87-108 (2009) @No $ @ @ Moraghan J.T. and Mascani H.J., Environmental and Factors Affecting Micro-nutrients Deficiencies and Toxicities, Micronutrients Agric, 371-413 (1991) @No $ @ @ Morel J.T., Bioavailability of trace elements to terrestrial plants, Soil Ecotoxico., 141-176 (1997) @No 
<#LINE#>Chitosan for the Removal of Chromium from Waste Water<#LINE#>Dhanesh@Singh,Anjali@Singh<#LINE#>55-57<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvsS-2012-032.pdf<#LINE#> 2 Deptt. of chemistry, K.G. Arts and Science College, Raigarh, C.G, INDIA @ School of Applied and Social Sciences, Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Raj, INDIA <#LINE#>28/8/2012<#LINE#>22/9/2012<#LINE#> The sorption of chromium (VI) on chitosan has been found to be dependent on contact time, concentration, temperature, and pH of the solution. The process of removal follows first order kinetics and absorption of heat. <#LINE#> @ @ Pandey K.K., Prasad G. Singh V.N., Fly ash China Clay for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution, Indian Journal of Chemistry,23(A), 514-515 (1984) @No $ @ @ Singh V.N., Singh I.S. and Singh N.P., Removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution by fly ash. Indian Journal of Technology,22(2), 22-27 (1984) @No $ @ @ Vishwakarma P.P. and Singh V.N., Removal of Ni (II) by China Clay, Asian Environment, 11(3), 49-64 (1984) @No $ @ @ Yadav K.P., Tyagi B.S., Pandey K.K and Singh, Flyash for the treatment of Cd (II) rich effluents, Env. Tech. Letter,(8), 225- 234 (1989) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam C. and Yamuna R T., Environ Pollut.,9(1),1-4 (1985) @No $ @ @ Sekeran G., Shanmugasundaram K.A., Mariappan M. and Raghavan K.V., Indian J Chemical Technol2(311), 71-75 (1995) @No $ @ @ Ikhuoria and Omonmhenle S.I., Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by adsorption onto chemically modified pumpkin, (Telfaira accidentalisHook) Seed Husk, J. Chem. Soc. Nig.,31(1-2), 109-113 (2006) @No $ @ @ Gotoh T., Matsushima K. and Kikuchi K.I., Preparation of alginatechitosan hybrid gel beads and adsorption of divalent metal ions., Chemosphere,5.5(1), 135-140 (2004) @No $ @ @ Grosse D.N., A review of alternative treatment process for metal bearing hazardous waste streams, J. Air Pollution Contr. Assor.,36, 603-614 (1986) @No $ @ @ Findon A., Mckay G. and Blair H.S., Transport studies for the sorption of copper ions by chitosan, J. Environ. Sci. Health, A2 8(1), 173-185 (1993) @No