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Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) : Response to lipopolysaccharide treatment and Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Author Affiliations

  • 1Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 2, Issue (4), Pages 20-27, April,10 (2013)

Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the key components of innate immunity. Among various TLRs, TLR4 plays the central role in recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In this article, we identified TLR4 gene in the Indian major carp (IMC) mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), a highly commercially important fish species in the Indian subcontinent. Ontogeny analysis of TLR4 gene by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay revealed its constitutive expression in all embryonic developmental stages. The tissue specific expression analysis of TLR4 by qRT-PCR revealed wide distribution of TLR4 in various organs/tissues of mrigal fingerlings. The highest expression of TLR4 was observed in skin and the lowest expression was in muscle. Stimulation of mrigal fingerlings with LPS activated TLR4 signaling resulting in significant (p 0.05) induction of the effector molecule IL-10 in the treated fish group as compared to their control. Moreover, inductive expression of TLR4 and IL-10 genes in all tested tissues of mrigal were also observed following a Gram-negative bacterial (Aeromonas hydrophila) infection. These findings together highlighted the important role of TLR4 in immune surveillance of various organs during pathogenic invasion in fish.

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