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Simulation of the impacts of hill dams and lakes on water and sediment yields: case of Wadi Hatab Basin, Central Tunisia

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Higher Institute of Technological Studies of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
  • 2Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Int. Res. J. Earth Sci., Volume 8, Issue (2), Pages 31-43, August,25 (2020)

Abstract

Semi-arid regions are particularly subjected to water erosion because of erratic rainfall distributions, alternating from long drought periods to severe flash floods. The protection against this phenomenon usually requires the implantation of Soil and Water Conservation Works (SWCW) such as water retention facilities. The hydrological impacts of these latter on water and sediment fluxes in the Wadi Hatab Basin (Central Tunisia) are simulated. The tool used is SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The implementation of hill dams resulted in a reduction of discharge at the outlet of 6 to 42%. It also yielded a reduction of 4 to 41% of sediment concentration. The integration of dams in the simulation led to an increase in groundwater flow of 14% to 84%, an increase of the total flow of 1% to 36% and a maximum reduction in sediment yield of 25% during the year 2010, when the six dams were operational. The integration of hill lakes led to a maximum reduction of 6% in flow rates and 4% of the sediment concentration at the outlet of the study basin in 2010.

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